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A History

of the

Church of the Brethren

in the

Middle District of Pennsylvania

Prepared and Published

Under the Supervision of the District

Conference through its Home

Mission Board

DEDICATION

TO the memory of the faithful mothers who, with
their husbands, on account of their religion, were
driven from their homes and country and braved the
hardships of pioneer life in a wilderness country where
some of them died as martyrs at the hands of savage
Indians,

And to the wives of ministers who unquailingly and
uncomplainingly bore their part in making it possible for
their husbands to minister to the wants of a scattered
people, and thus handed the church in its primitive sim-
plicity to the generations following, is this volume dedi-
cated.— James A. Sell.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

THE OWNERSHIP OF THIS HISTORY,
USUALLY COVERED BY COPYRIGHT,
IS VESTED IN THE CHURCH OF THE
BRETHREN OF THE MIDDLE DIS-
TRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA, THROUGH
ITS DISTRICT MISSION BOARD

CONTENTS

PAGE

Introduction 7

Preface 11

Part I. The History of the Congregations 15

Chapter I. Early Glimpses and Trials 17

Chapter II. The Kishacoquillas (Lewistown) Group 27

Chapter III. The Clover Creek Group 71

Chapter IV. The Early Yellow Creek Group 125

Chapter V. The Duncansville Group 202

Chapter VI. The Warriors Mark Group 243

Chapter VII. Beginnings That Have Ceased 265

Part II. District Endeavor 275

Chapter I. The District and Its Conferences 277

Chapter II. Education in the Middle District 294

Chapter III. District Missionary Work 325

Chapter IV. Sunday-schools 331

Chapter V. Ministerial Meetings 352

Chapter VI. Sisters' Aid Societies 356

Chapter VII. The Old Folks' Home 359

Chapter VIII. Child Rescue Work 366

Chapter IX. Some Observations 369

Part III. Biographies 379

A History of the Church of the Brethren

THE LOVE OF THE SAVIOUR

"He brought me to the banqueting house and his
banner over me was love." — Canticles 2 : 4.

Jesus loved me when a sinner,

Gave his life to ransom me,
Paid my debt on Calvary's mountain,

Where he died to set me free.
When the night of sin had settled

And my way was dark and drear,
Then I felt his loving presence

As he drew to me so near.

With his loving smiles he won me,

And I listened to his call,
And he offered me full pardon.

If I gave to him my all.
And my heart gave speedy answer,

Longing for that blissful rest,
Offered to all those so freely,

Who will lean upon his breast.

Now I'm his by right of purchase,

I am his because of love.
In his arms of peace he holds me

Till we reach the home above.
He will strengthen me for duty,

In his service here below,
Take my life and make it useful,

Help me in his service grow.

— James A. Sell, in Twilight Poems.

INTRODUCTION

THE writing of history is a difficult and generally
unsatisfactory task. So much that one ought to
know to complete the record is gone. Death has
closed in and shut out our sources. Only hints, glimmer-
ings, fragments remain. Therefore the historian must
collect them as best he can, and weave them into some
order explanatory of their significance and worthy of
their purpose. Merely to set down the known facts in
the case would produce not history but fragmentary
chronicles.

The history of the churches of the Middle District of
Pennsylvania is no exception to this general statement.
Indeed, here the reporter has an unusually difficult task.
Even complete records are wanting. The early brethren
were not concerned in any large way with records. They
came into a new region, a wilderness, and here carved
homes and worshiped God. Their energies were wholly
given to these specific needs — the need to live, the need
to worship.

The available data justified the statement that our
brethren came into Central Pennsylvania soon after the
close of the Revolutionary War and the agreement be-
tween the several states as to the governmental control
over the territory taken over, after the war, from France
and from the Indians. Our people would not come until
stable government had been set up, and assured protec-
tion, both to life and property, was guaranteed. Then
they came seeking the fertile valleys where they could
erect homes and engage in the most ancient industry,
agriculture, to which they were all devoted.

The records indicate that they came first to the fertile
valleys of old Mother Bedford County, in or near the
present town of New Enterprise. These pioneers to the
central part of Pennsylvania doubtless came about 1750
or 1760 over the Southern trail, later followed by the
army of General Forbes and still later by President

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Washington on his way to suppress the Whiskey Insur-
rection. Then, when the Black Log Trail was established,
our people came to the " Grosse Thai" in Mifflin County,
a region famous to this day tor its fine farms. The next
group found their way into the fertile valley of Clover
Creek, locally known as Morrison's Cove, at that time a
part of Huntingdon County, a region of great fertility
and natural beauty. Doubtless due to favorable reports
from these groups, by the end of the century others were
settled and worshiping at Frankstown, and at Warriors
Mark. Another group, all too little known, went north
and located in the Blooming Grove region near Wil-
liamsport. From these parent stems have grown the
churches of the Middle District.

Two things caused our brethren to avoid settling in
the northern half of the District — that part reaching far
north to the New York State boundary. This region had
not the fertility that agricultural settlers cared for, and
this region was settled by immigrants from New Eng-
land,— a goodly people wholly unfamiliar with the ideals
and beliefs of the Brethren. Central Pennsylvania, —
Mifflin, Huntingdon, Blair and Bedford counties were
originally settled by the adventurous and aggressive
Scotch-Irish. These people were glad to welcome into
their communities sterling people skilled in agriculture.

The struggle of these pioneer Brethren will never be
fully recorded. They generally met in some house or
barn on Sunday for holy worship and traveled long dis-
tances on horseback over mountain trails to sit with
others in God's communion. The wives of the preachers
were not by any means least in influence and in good
works. Often these women went many miles to visit
the sick and to help the distressed. Usually, too, they
prepared the Sunday meal for the entire congregation
and made possible the social hours after dinner, — perhaps
the only really bright social hour of contact those scat-
tered and lonely people enjoyed in the cycle of years.

In the James Creek Church, I know, the wife of my
grandfather, George Brumbaugh, the preacher, always
prepared the Sunday meal for the congregation and her
husband from the pulpit (a long table) announced that
all were welcome to stay to dinner, stating as a reason,

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

1 the women must have a little glory too," as if cooking
for an entire congregation was a glorious thing. To
those pious pioneers it was. Let us hold them in sacred,
reverent regard.

This history was undertaken by a great soul, dear elder
James A. Sell, eloquent for God and gifted in poetic
power. Alas ! his zeal was greater than his strength and
the task was turned over to another generous and sym-
pathetic soul who as a labor of love, has completed what
was so generously and loyally conceived and carried well
to its conclusion. The churches owe to these fine souls a
deep debt of gratitude.

M. G. Brumbaugh.
December 8, 1924:.

■

A History of the Church of the Brethren

SONG OF THE NEW YEAR

The last low dirge o'er the buried year

Floats off in the starless night;
The cock-crow heralds the day dawn keen,

With gem-crusted hills of white;
The worn-out chorus the fresh air thrills,

Forgot is their late lament ;
A dash of life tints their melody,

A rhythmic of glad hopes blent.

The windy moors, in a placid mood,

Consent to the sun's caress ;
The sheeted brook and the clear blue bay

Are marked with time's impress ;
The new year's born ! and along the scale

Young hearts ring a jubilee
In tune with winds and their snow-freight pure,

And kisses of cloud and sea.

Forget now troubles that had no name.

And cease from your fret and haste ;
The runes of nature have one refrain, —

No hurry, no rest, no waste ;
Strike chord with harps of sweet-tempered string

That sound through the sky's blue wall;
Lay close your ear to the world's great heart,

And sing as its needs may call.

— Adaline Hoff Beery, in Poems of a
Decade. See Chapter entitled " Some
Observations " for mention of this author.

PREFACE

TO James A. Sell, more than to any other is credit
due in making this history of the congregations of
the Church of the Brethren in Middle District of
Pennsylvania possible. As early as the District Meeting
held at Roaring Spring in 1911 he evidently agitated the
question for at this meeting " the matter of securing
some history of the several churches of the Middle Dis-
trict and of the District itself was discussed and a reso-
lution passed placing ourselves on record as being in
sympathy with such a movement and Brethren James A.
Sell, George S. Myers and William S. Ritchey were given
the matter in charge." At each District Meeting there-
after he made a report of progress, even when sometimes
he said, " not much progress on account of a lack of in-
terest on the part of the several churches in failing to
supply matter and means." But lack of interest did not
discourage him. In going among the churches in the
loving service he so well rendered and which always
made him most welcome, he kept gathering material
from sources available, clipped newspaper reports of per-
sons and activities and thereby brought together a mass
of material for the book.

George S. Myers, the second member of the Historical
Committee did a valuable work for the editor. He took
the time and endured the labor necessary to go through
all the church publications and index elections and simi-
lar data which related to the history of Middle District.
This proved very helpful in rounding out the History in
its closing days.

Wiliam S. Ritchey always had a large interest in the
Snake Spring Valley and the church which developed
there and was familiar with its history back into the
days when it included much territory beyond the valley.
His records were helpful in preparing that part of the
historv.

Thus these three brethren, the original Historical

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Committee, labored each in his own way towards one
common end.

In 1921 the District Meeting decided " that when the
history was ready for publication, the Mission Board
could finance its matter and the sale of the book would
repay the board." George S. Myers, so eager to see the
book completed, had passed to his reward and at this
same meeting the committee was enlarged to include
Jacob Kinsel, Oscar R. Myers, Mahlon J. Weaver, Tobias
T. Myers and Galen B. Royer.

At the 1923 District Meeting a report was brought in
" that slight progress was made during the year, with
much to be done." At the suggestion of James A. Sell,
an editor was appointed " to edit the history and arrange
for publication." *

The task proved far greater than was anticipated by
the editor. But it has been a most pleasant and inter-
esting one. For the most part every one took a hearty
interest in helping to make it as near complete as the
following pages set forth.

The reader may have a degree of assurance of correct-
ness of the history when he is told that the story of each
church was submitted to the congregation for public
reading and correction ; then each biographical sketch
was submitted either to the person himself, if living, or
to some near relative, for the same purpose.

Throughout the book acknowledgment has been given
for help when it seemed proper. Many, however, have
helped more or less who do not get special mention. To
all such the editor, on behalf of the reader, expresses full
appreciation for such unacknowledged service. The plan
of the graphs showing the growth of the churches from
five centres, is the suggestion of Alpheus W. Dupler,
dean of Juniata College and credit is hereby given.
" The Record of the Faithful," a pamphlet published by
Howard Miller in 1881-82 has been quoted in a number
of instances. In his introduction he says: " In every in-
stance herein published, the names, figures and dates,
are those of the resident ministry's own furnishing, and

* On motion of Oscar R. Myers and seconded by George E. Yoder it was
decided to have Galen B. Royer edit the history and arrange for publication. —
Minutes of 1923 District Meeting, p. 5.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

nothing has been guessed at." This pamphlet with a
fair degree of accuracy is the earliest record that is found
in the Brotherhood.

Somewhere there is a song, one line of which is:

" Only remembered by what I have done."

In harmony with that thought the editor has studi-
ously avoided eulogies of any kind. At the best they are
but one individual's estimate. Deeds live. They speak
in more unmistakable language. These the editor has
sought to record.

It goes without saying that the editor has human limi-
tations; hence the book is not without mistakes. These
have crept in in spite of vigilance against them.

May the records of the past as herein given be an in-
spiration to those who read its pages, to press on to
greater achievements in the future.

The: Editor.

Turn to page 16, Map of Pennsylvania, and following
the instructions below, draw a line for the new eastern
boundary as made in 1922: Beginning "about the middle
of Fulton County, thence northward to Huntingdon
County, so as not to interfere with territory now occu-
pied by either the Middle or the Southern District in said
county, thence along the eastern boundary of Huntingdon
and Mifflin Counties to the northeastern limits, thence
northward through Centre and Clinton Counties, adjust-
ing the line so as not to interfere with territory already
occupied by either district to the Clinton and Lycoming
County line, thence to the southeastern limit of Potter
County and along the eastern line of Potter County north
to the Xew York state line."

A History of the CJiurcJi of the Brethren

'' History is the essence of innumerable biographies."

— Carlyle.

" Truth is the keystone of the arch of history, based
on the two supporting pillars of accuracy and veracity.
Truth is composite : veracity is its ideal, accuracy its real
element." — William Kay Wallace, in The Trend of
History.

PART ONE

The History of the Qongregations

CHAPTER I

Early Glimpses and Trials

IN GENERAL

At seven different centres the Church of the Brethren
was planted in what is now Middle District of Pennsyl-
vania. These are marked on the map from 1 to 7. Each
one began well. Five have grown through the years.
Two have ceased as organizations. The story of these
seven beginnings is told in the following six chapters.

It is no easy task to chronicle the growth of a spiritual
plant. It is made the more difficult when records of its
earlier existence were not made. Not anything is more
outstanding in the history of the congregations in this
district than that prior to 1860, no record of deliberations
was made and that the earliest account of anything yet
found is an itemized statement of the cost of a lovefeast
in Aughwick congregation in 1847. The following tabu-
lates the beginning of minutes :

Location

Lewistown (Country)
Spring Run House
Aughwick
Clover Creek

Warriors Mark
Duncan sville
Early Yellow Creek
Snake Spring

First clerk

Solomon Z. Sharp

Not signed

Thomas B. Maddocks
and Jacob L. Wine-
land

Solomon S. Gray

James A. Sell

Daniel Snowberger

John B. Fluck

Date

August 9, 1862

October 13, 1864

May 25, 1867

October 23, 1869

July 26, 1871

Mav 29, 1875

May 31, 1879

In other words, then, for the first sixty years of the
nineteenth century one must depend upon incidental
references which slipped into print in the days when the
church paper was just beginning to be somewhat a
household necessity. Some things, however, may safely
be taken for granted.

First. These early settlers endured hardships and

A History of the Church of the Brethren

trials unknown to the generation of to-day. Even the
" breaking in ' of the new lands of the sparsely settled
western sections of our country, though difficult and try-
ing in many ways, does not measure up to what these fore-
fathers of the church in Middle Pennsylvania encount-
ered. Here the Indian defended his happy hunting
grounds with tomahawk and gun. Here the heavy
timber lands made farming a laborious task and fatigu-
ing years passed before he possessed cleared fields.
Here the long range of mountains separated groups in
such a way that co-operation was almost unknown.

Skcond. These forefathers feared God with a fortitude
that is none too common to-day. Xo matter how over-
drawn may be the account, witness the massacre in Mor-
rison's Cove recorded elsewhere. Somewhere and some-
time before these people took up lands in this district a
deep conviction of non-resistance had laid hold on their
minds and hearts. To-day these splendid lines are sung
all over this district :

" Faith of our Fathers, living still
In spite of dungeon, tire and sword."

Stome, as they sing think of non-resistance or some cus-
tom or practice little realizing that the root of all these
expressions strikes deep in Jesus Christ, the Saviour who
is conquering the world by love.

Third. Due to the mountains, of course, yet their
separation and isolation caused them to hold longer to
traditions of earlier times than they would have done
otherwise, and in some instances at least progress was
retarded. As an example, the reader need but note in-
stances of opposition to preaching in the English, though
it brought the church into favor in every case.

Fourth. Their freedom from creed, and sense of privi-
lege and duty made them leaders in many things which
the Brotherhood to-day holds as a priceless legacy from
their hands.

IN MORRISON'S COVE

The early settlers of this beautiful and fertile valley for
the most part were a deeply religious folk who migrated

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

from sections of Pennsylvania and Maryland lying east
and southward. " In their new home," James A. Sell
has written concerning these people who located in the
vicinity of Clover Creek, " their Bibles were as common
and necessary as the axe and the plow. They were a re-
ligious people, and religious services were inseparably
connected with their daily routine. They called men to
the ministry from the plow, illiterate though they often
were, but they were devout and zealous, simple in their
faith, and self-sacrificing in their labors. They exposed
themselves to the elements and dangers from wild beasts
and to the fury of savage Indians. Marshalls of God
they were, and under the disadvantages of pioneer life
they wrought and left an organized work to their chil-
dren that passed from one generation to another until it
has come to the present.

" About 1755 a colony of Brethren entered the Cove
through Loy's Gap and gradually worked their way
northward and became residents of the territory now em-
braced in the Clover Creek and Albright congregations.

" A colony of Scotch-Irish settled here as early as
1749, but they were considered squatters and were ex-
pelled as the land belonged to the Indians. The Penns
made a new purchase in 1754 and when the Brethren
came they secured a title to lands they purchased, and
by 1790 all the desirable lands passed into private owner-
ship. The Brethren secured the greater part of the land.
Some of them purchased large tracts, as much as 1,500
acres. They were the pioneer settlers and did the first
preaching.

" We do not have the names of all of the original set-
tlers, neither do we have space to give what we do know.
But it will be interesting to many now and to the com-
ing generation to trace their ancestry back to this time.
Hence we give a few :

" Albrights, Allenbaughs, Blakes, Burkets, Bowers,
Brumbaughs, Benners, Bulgers, Cammerons, Cowens,
Deeters, Dillingers, Emricks, Eversoles, Faulkners, Flen-
ners, Gensingers, Grabills, Hoovers, Holsingers, Kneess,
Lowers, Looses, Longeneckers, Martins, Metzkers,
Meyerses, Moores, Nisewangers, Puderbaughs, Rhodes,
Strayers, Shonefelts, Stoners, Skyleses, Stouffers, Stoud-

A History of the Church of the Brethren

enours, Smiths, Shifflers, Stonerocks, Tetwilers, Wine-
lands, Ullerys, Bridenthalls.

" During the Indian Wars of 1762 and onward there
were quite a number of murders committed and captives
taken. The particulars will never be known. The great-
est massacre was in 1777. One history says there were
thirty killed. Our tradition says twenty. The number
of prisoners taken we cannot conjecture. A Brother
Houser and family are mentioned among the number."

John Martin, a pioneer preacher, whose name heads
the list of ministers of the Clover Creek congregation,
suffered greatly from these Indian depredations. For
want of the original, copy is taken from Jones' History
of Juniata Valley, relating the incident as follows:

" During the Great Cove massacre, among others car-
ried into captivity was the family of John Martin. This
incursion was indeed a most formidable one, led by the
kings Shingas and Beaver in person. How many were
killed there is no living witness to tell ; neither can we
conjecture the number of prisoners taken. The follow-
ing petition was sent by John Martin to council :

August 13, 1762.

" The Humble Petition of Your Most Obedient Serv-
ant Sheweth, Sir, may it please Your Excellancy, Hear-
ing me in Your Clemancy a few \\ ords. I, One of the
Bereaved of my Wife and five Children, by Savage War
at the Captivity of the Great Cove, after Many & Long
Journeys, I Lately went to an Indian Town, viz., Tusk-
aroways, 150 miles Beyond Fort Pitts, & Entrested in
Co. Bucquits & Co. Croghan's favor, So as to bear their
Letters to King Beaver & Cap. Shingas, Desiring them
to Give up One of my Daughters to me, Whiles I have
Yet two Sons & One Other Daughter, if Alive, Among
them — and after Seeing my Daughter with Shingas he
Refused to Give her up, and after some Expostulating
with him, but all in vain, he promised to Deliver her up
with the Other Captives to yr Excellency.

" Sir, yr Excellency's Most Humble Servt Humbly &
Passionately Beseeches Yr Beningn Compassion to in-
terpose Yr Excellencies Beneficent influence in favor of
Yr Excellencies Most Obedient & Dutiful Servt.

John Martin.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Brother Sell writes further :

" The Brethren came into the Great Cove, now Mor-
rison's Cove, and by taking possession of the valley in the
vicinity of Roaring Springs, the western portion of the
Clover Creek congregation, were among its first settlers.

" They set to work to clear away the forests, till the
soil, build mills, and labored to promote the peace and
prosperity of the country. It has been conceded to them,
even by people who took no interest in their religion,
that as good farmers, good tax-payers, quiet and inoffen-
sive people — they were of the best of citizens.

" But their exclusiveness, opposition to education,
their lack of interest in political matters, and above all,
their non-resistant principle brought them into disrepute
with their neighbors.

" This made their situation unpleasant and at times
exposed them to more danger from their common enemy.
Had they been permitted to treat with the Indian alone
and manifest their love of peace and fair and honorable
treatment, there is every reason to believe that not only
they but their fighting neighbors would have escaped the
assaults of the savage's tomahawk and scalping knife.

" The settlers all suffered from the incursions of the
Indians from the time of their coming into the valley up
to the time and during the Revolutionary War.

" By this time by purchase and force the Indians were
driven west of the Allegheny mountains. But out of
hatred to their white brothers from real or imaginary
wrongs, and also for spoils and scalps on which they
were paid a bounty by the British government they made
frequent raids into the valleys east of the mountain.
When invasions were made the news was heralded as
rapidly as the circumstances of the times permitted and
the warning was to flee for safety. Some left their
homes, others did not. All perhaps did not hear the
alarm. Some could not go, and others preferred not to
go. The result was that a number of them were mur-
dered. In 1777 between twenty and thirty were killed.

" During all these trying experiences of frontier life
covering a period of nearly a quarter of a century, but
one breach or violation of the peace principle held by our
people is recorded."

A History of the Church of the Brethren

This single instance, which Brother Sell calls the
" Jacob Neff Episode " occurred within the bounds of
the Clover Creek congregation. U. J. Jones, after giving
a copy of a report of "Thomas Smith and George Woods,
both, we believe, Justice of Peace at the time to Presi-
dent Wharton/' in which there is no direct reference to
the Brethren, refers to the Neff incident as follows :

" The band of Indians, after the Dunkard massacre,
worked their way toward the Kittaning war path, leav-
ing behind them some few stragglers of their party
whose appetite for blood and treasure had not been satis-
fied. Among others, an old and a young Indian stopped
at Neff's Mill. Neff was a Dunkard ; but he was a single
exception so far as resistance was concerned. He had
constantly in his mill his loaded rifle, and was ready for
any emergency. He had gone to his mill in the morn-
ing without any knowledge of Indians being in the neigh-
borhood, and had just set the water-wheel in motion
when he discovered two Indians lurking, within a hun-
dred yards, in a small wood below the mill. Without
taking much time to deliberate how to act, he aimed
through the window, and deliberately shot the old
Indian. In an instant the young Indian came toward the
mill, and Neff ran out of the back door and up the hill.
The quick eye of the savage detected him, and fired, but
missed his aim. Nothing daunted by the mishap, the
savage followed up the cleared patch, when both, as if by
instinct, commenced reloading their rifles. They stood
face to face, not forty yards apart, on open ground where
there was no possible chance of concealment. The
chances were equal ; he that loaded first would be victor
in the strife, the other was doomed to certain death.
They both rammed home the bullet at the same time —
with what haste may well be conjectured. This was a
critical juncture, for, while loading, neither took his eye
off the other. They both drew their ramrods at the same
instant, but the intense excitement of the moment caused
the Indian to balk in drawing his, and the error or mis-
hap proved fatal, because Neff took advantage of it, and
succeeded in priming and aiming before the Indian. The
latter, now finding the muzzle of Neff's rifle bearing upon
him, commenced a series of very cunning gyrations and

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

contortions to destroy his aim or to confuse him, so that
he might miss him or enable him to prime. To this end
he first threw himself upon his face ; then, suddenly ris-
ing up again, he jumped first to the right, then to the
left, then fell down again. Neff, not the least put off
his guard, waited until the Indian arose again, when he
shot him through the head.

" Neff, fearing that others might be about, left the mill
and started to the nearest settlement. A force was raised
and the mill revisited; but it was found a heap of smoul-
dering cinders and ashes, and the dead bodies of the
Indians had been removed. It is altogether likely that
the rear of the savage party came up shortly after Neff
had left, fired the mill, and carried away their slain
companions.

" For the part Neff took in the matter he was excom-
municated from the Dunkard society. Nevertheless, he
rebuilt his mill; but the Dunkards, who were his main
support previously, refused any longer to patronize
him, and he was eventually compelled to abandon the
business. "

Brother Sell speaks of the same incident as follows :

" Daniel Ullery was the original owner of Roaring
Spring. He built the first mill. Jacob Neff was his
miller. During the Indian massacre of 1777 he shot an
Indian. He was counseled by the church for his viola-
tion of her peace principles. He did not plead justifica-
tion. He admitted that it was wrong to take human life
but said his deed was done under strong temptation and
excitement. He was excused, but required not to speak
of his act in company in a boasting or justifying way.
This restriction he frequently violated and he was ex-
pelled from the church.

" This story has been repeated and exaggerated and
the church through it misrepresented so that we take
this opportunity to tell the story as we have it from our
own traditions. The history of Juniata Valley says that
when Neff rebuilt his mill the Brethren refused to pa-
tronize him. This is not correct. The chain, or abstract
of title shown that Neff never owned the mill, did not
build it in the first place, did not in the second place.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Ullery built and rebuilt it. It was a necessity in the
new settlement/'

But it is due the reader to have another glimpse of
trials and sufferings of earlier days. The value of the
data lies in the fact it was written in 1855, a quarter of a
century before Howard Miller thought to make his
" Record of the Faithful."

The author * declares he writes purely as an historian
and without prejudice. He says :

" The Great Cove, Little Cove and Canolloways, are
mentioned frequently in government papers as far back
as 1749, Indian traders having penetrated them at a much
earlier date than that. . . . For fertile limestone land,
beautiful scenery, and splendid farms, few valleys in the
State equal — none surpass — the Great Cove now known
as Morrison's Cove.

" About 1755, a colony of Dunkards took up the south-
ern portion of the Cove, and their descendants hold pos-
session of it to this day. They have unquestionably the
finest farms as well as the most fertile land in the State,
and right glad should we be to end their portion of the
chapter by saying so, or even by adding that for thrift
and economy they stand unsurpassed ; but a sense of
candor compels us to speak of them as they are, — ' noth-
ing extenuate, nor set down aught in malice ! '

" In the first place, let it be understood that we are in
no particle indebted to them for one iota of the blessings
of government we enjoy. They are strict non-resistants;
and in the predatory incursions of the French and In-
dians, in 1756-63, and in fact, during all the savage war-
fare, they not only refused to take up arms to repel the
savage marauders and prevent the inhuman slaughter of
women and children, but they refused in the most posi-
tive manner to pay a dollar to support those who were
willing to take up arms to defend their homes and their
firesides, until wrung from them by the stern mandates
of the law, from which there was no appeal.

" They did the same thing when the Revolution broke
out. There was a scarcity of men. Sixty able-bodied
ones among them might readily have formed a cordon of

* U. J. Jones' History af the Early Settlement of the Juniata Valleu, 1855',
Chapter XVIII.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

frontier defence, which could have prevented many of
the Indian massacres which took place between 1777 and
1780, and more especially among their own people in the
Cove. But not a man would shoulder his rifle ; they
were non-resistants ! They might, at least, have fur-
nished money, for they always had an abundance of that,
the hoarding of which seemed to be the sole aim and
object of life with them. But, no; not a dollar! They
occupied neutral ground, and wished to make no resist-
ance. Again : they might have furnished supplies. And
they did furnish supplies to those who were risking their
lives to repel the invaders, — but it was only when the
almighty dollar accompanied the demand.

" After the massacre of thirty of them, in less than
forty-eight hours Colonel Piper, the lieutenant-colonel of
Bedford county, made a stirring appeal to them. But it
was of no avail ; they were non-resistants ; and evidently
determined to remain such.

" Of the peculiar religious tenets of these primitive
people we do not profess to know anything ; hence our
remarks are unbiased. We are solely recording historical
facts.

" As a curious anomaly in the history of the present
generation, it may be stated that, although they perform
that part of the compact between government and a good
citizen which relates to paying taxes, they never vote,
neither can the most seductive persuasions of politicians
bring them to the polls.

" Like their forefathers, they are non-resistants — pro-
ducers, but non-consumers.

" During the Indian wars of 1762, quite a number of
murders were committed in the Cove, and many captives
taken but the particulars were too vague for history.

" The first Indian depredators, or at least the greater
portion of them, were seen at a camp-fire by a party of
hunters ; and if the proper exertions had been made to
cut them off, few other outrages would have followed.
The supposition is that there were two parties of about
fifteen each, who met at or near Neff's Mill in the Cove.
On their way thither, the one party killed a man named
Hammond, who resided along the Juniata, and the other
party killed a man named Ullery, who was returning

A History of the Church of the Brethren

from Neff's Mill on horseback. They also took two chil-
dren with them as prisoners.

" The alarm was spread among the inhabitants and
they fled to the nearest forts with all despatch ; and on
this first expedition they would have had few scalps to
grace their belts, had the Dunkards taken the advice of
more sagacious people, and fled too ; this, however, they
would not do. They would follow but half of Cromwell's
advice ; — they were willing to put their trust in God, but
they would not keep their powder dry. In short, it was
a compound they did not use at all.

" The savages swept down through the Cove with all
the ferocity with which a pack of wolves would descend
from the mountain upon a flock of sheep. Stome few of
the Dunkards, who evidently had the latent spark of love
of life, hid themselves away ; but by far the most of them
stood by and witnessed the butchery of their wives and
children, merely saying, " Gottes wille sei gethan." *

One cannot help but admire such devotion to the prin-
ciple of non-resistance as the foregoing reveals. Yet
insistent upon the mind is the thought, — what a pity
these dear forebears were not just as eager to provide
avenues for the culture of the minds and hearts of their
young people through the Sunday-school and educational
institutions as they were to make such splendid sacri-
fices. In a couple generations thereafter, as this history
reveals, this training came.

* " God's will be done." This sentence was so frequently repeated by the
Dunkards during the massacre, that the Indians must have retained a vivid
recollection of it. During the late war with Great Britain, some of the older
Indians on the frontier were anxious to know of the Huntingdon volunteers
whether the " Gotswiltahns " still resided in the Cove. Of course our people
could not satisfy them on such a vague point.

CHAPTER II

The Kishacoquillas Valley Congrega-
tion and Its Growth in Mifflin
and Adjoining Counties

1780 18C0 1820 1840 1860 1880 1900 1920

all

81 Kisracoquillas Valley

1802

bl878L

]92i: ...

1916

Dry Valley

«. Burnhara

Lewistown
Spring Run
Aughwiok
Ardenheim

a Later known as Lewistown (country) and Dry Valley, interchangeably.
b While this point was developed by ministers from Huntingdon the territory
was part of the Aughwick congregation.

LEWISTOWN (Country)*

The territory included all of what is now Spring Run,
Dry Valley and Lewistown city congregations, but dur-
ing its history few members lived in the city of Lewis-
town : hence its name in distinction from the active
present day city church by the same name.

Arthur Buchanan became the first settler in Mifflin
county, when in 1755 he built a cabin where Lewistown
now stands. Among the settlers that followed there
were a few families of Brethren.

From the beginning the Indian name Kishacoquillas
Valley was applied to the church composed of scattered
membership in parts of Huntingdon, Center and Mifflin
Counties, though they were considered for a time a

* To John C. Swigart, of Mattawana, the reader is indebted for the history of
this congregation as herein given.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

branch of the Aughwick congregation. About 1800 the
members organized themselves into a congregation but
there is no record who presided over the church in these
times. Neither is it known when the congregation
changed its name to Lewistown.

In an early day Henry Nearhoof of Aughwick and
Peter Shellenberger of Lost Creek preached for these
members but it is believed that John Swigart who mi-
grated from Berks County in 1792 or thereabouts, was
the first resident minister. He died November 28, 1806,
in his 49th year and is buried on the farm where he set-
tled. He is the forebear of the Swigarts and others re-
lated who are scattered through these parts. About the
same time Jacob Kinsel also moved from Berks County
and became a leading spirit among the members. He
died in March, 1832, aged seventy-four and is buried in
the family graveyard on the home farm. Another early
settler is Abram Miller, who came from Dauphin County
and by some it is claimed that he was the first resident
minister. He died in 1803 and was buried on his farm
near Granville, Pa. His daughter, Catherine, married
John Swigart, son of John Swigart above mentioned, and
after the birth of two daughters died at the early age of
twenty-two. Mary, one of these daughters, became the
wife of Bishop Joseph R. Hanawalt and is the mother of
George and John S. Hanawalt. The name Steely is men-
tioned traditionally in this connection, but nothing
further is known of him. In fact little can be said of the
labors of these brethren for there is no record. No doubt
their field included every valley they could reach and
faithfully, patiently and hopefully they pressed forward
amidst dangers not even imagined in this day.

One John Rothrock migrated from Northampton
County before the Revolutionary War and settled on
what is now known as the Andrew Spanogle farm. Pie
had a son Joseph who united with the Brethren, became
a minister and bishop and served the church for many
years. He was a man of deep piety and exercised a very
large influence in and out of the church. Joseph had a
son called Abraham who succeeded him in the ministry
and bishopric. On September 27, 1850 John Kline of
Virginia officiated at the ordination of Abraham Roth-

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

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h.t x-rf>f u ere C&'P-t-Tt Au-t&g it-pixA

The above writing was prepared by George, the grandson of
Susannah Hanawalt, the first person baptized in the Lewistown
congregation. Her death occurred in 1854. Photo loaned by
Daniel R., son of George Hanawalt, Akron, Ohio.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

rock. About 1857 Abraham moved to Kansas ; later, dur-
ing the Civil War, he was shot in one of the guerilla
raids of those times, but recovered and continued to
preach the Word of Life.

Among the early settlers in Mifflin County was one
George Rothrock. To him were born twin daughters,
Susannah and Mary, who were first cousins of Joseph
Rothrock before mentioned. The familv came into the
community when the twins were quite young, perhaps
in 1786. Later these sisters married two brothers,
George and John Hanawalt. Susannah, the mother of
Joseph R. Hanawalt, was baptized in 1794, one of the
first, if not the first person received into the church by
baptism in this territory. During her life she was
familiarly known as " granny ' Hanawalt, was deeply
mourned by all when she passed away in 1854. Her body
with her husband lies in the Spring Run cemetery.

David Eshelman moved in from one of the eastern
churches, was called to the ministry in 1836, served the
church well until 1850 when he moved to Berks County.

John Spanogle came into the congregation about 1845
and after four years of faithful labor he returned to
Aughwick congregation.

Another early preacher that should be mentioned is
John Hanawalt. He was a colaborer with Joseph Roth-
rock and from all accounts the first minister in this con-
gregation who preached in the English language. He
died in 1827 at the age of sixty-two.

About 1850 or earlier, the church decided that half
their public service should be conducted in the English.
This opened the door to a number of influential families
that did not understand the German and as a result the
church grew rapidly. This was particularly true during
the leadership of Joseph Rothrock Hanawalt. He was
called to the ministry September 25, 1845 at a lovefeast
held in a barn on the Kinsel farm. He was an able
speaker in the English, a man with a large vision and
constantly striving to extend the bounds of the kingdom.
He served the church faithfully until he was sixty-seven
years old, his age at his death. Before his death in 1877,
he remarked one time that when he came to the church

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

there were thirty-five members and now there were over
two hundred.

Adam Young was called to the ministry in 1859 and
in the spring of 1865 moved to White County, Indiana,
where he served the church as bishop until his death.

All through the decades the members had been wor-
shiping in their homes and later in school houses. Many
and blessed were the seasons of worship and more cher-
ished was the fellowship even in their crowded quarters
when beds on the floor or elsewhere in the barn were so
common an occurrence as not to be mentioned. But the
rapid growth of the church beginning about 1850 created
a demand for a suitable meeting house. Accordingly
Joseph R. Hanawalt, Peter S. Myers, Reuben Myers,
Jacob Mohler and William Howe were appointed a com-
mittee on location. Inasmuch as the membership was
about equally divided into two groups they were unable
to agree upon a site and so brought in a report recom-
mending that one house be built where now is the
Dry Valley house and the other on the present loca-
tion of the Spring Run house near McVeytown. This
report was accepted and in 1858 the two houses, each
40x60 feet and each costing $2,000.00, were built.
Samuel Myers, the father of Peter, Samuel and Reuben
and the grandfather of J. Allen Myers, furnished the lum-
ber for the Spring Run house which was dedicated on
Saturday, January 1, 1859. Joseph R. Hanawalt preached
in the morning, using for his text 2 Chronicles 6 ; in the
evening George Brumbaugh spoke from Acts 3 : 19. The
following day, Sunday, messages were given as follows :
Abram Rohrer, Hebrews 1 ; Peter S. Myers, 1 Peter 1:1.3;
George Brumbaugh, John 13 :17.

No record has been handed down concerning the dedi-
cation of the Dry Valley house. Nevertheless it is a
good frame building, with basement and well adapted to
hold lovefeasts and other large gatherings.

It is safe to say that Lewistown (country) has the
earliest official records in the District. The opening
record is illuminating, for in it is found :

A History of the Church of the Brethren

MINUTES OF THE COUNCILS

of the
GERMAN BAPTIST CHURCH

The first minutes record the meeting held August 9,
1862 in the Spring Run house. Solomon Z. Sharp, elected
to the ministry that same year was made secretary. The
first item of business is : " The minutes of the Annual
Meeting were read and discussed which consumed the
principal part of the forenoon."

Those were Civil War days. " S'ome young brethren
. . . had gone to war ' and it was " agreed they should
be considered out of the church according to the Gospel."
The records of the next meeting (Oct. 11, 1862) states
that several brethren " attempted to go to war but cir-
cumstances prevented them." It was decided before they
could commune they had to make " an open confession
of their fault before the church."

At this same meeting two secretaries were appointed
"to record preceedings ... to state all cases and de-
cisions . . . but not to read the names of individuals."
" Using the liberty " before prayer at church services
was by some thought to be abused for this query
(April 18, 1863) " Do the brethren observe the instruc-
tions of the Apostle Paul in 1 Timothy 2 when they ex-
hort at length before prayer " was answered by the
council, " By no means." The order of service perplexed
some for at the same meeting this was sent to Annual
Meeting: "Should the brethren have prayer before any
other exercise when they came together for public wor-
ship?' Members were instructed "to indulge in no
political spirit " in those very trying times of 1860. The
Civil War granted the privilege to pay instead of going
to service. This congregation decided that a drafted
member " should pay $75.00 and have his assets taxed
with the rest of the members to make up the balance."
Evidently the congregation met her financial affairs on
an equalized taxation basis.

The church declared herself (Jan. 9, '61) under no
obligation to help pay the fines of " members . . . vot-
ing or electioneering and afterwards drafted." At a fall
meeting (Oct. 8, '6-1) the deacons are ordered " to write

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

out a statement of the business obtained by their visiting
and present it to the bishop or moderator before opening"
of the council."

The congregation's attitude towards the public school
is seen when it answered (May 20, '65) " Is it wrong to
enter into such games as parties, plays, etc., quoit pitch-
ing, etc., etc?' by saying " Considered wrong except for
school exercises where the teacher is responsible. "
" New Testament classes conducted according to the
order of the church in the opening and the closing are
unanimously encouraged."

The two groups of members, gathering around their
respective places of worship, prospered under the loving
supervision of Joseph R. Hanawalt, the bishop of both
congregations, but the two centres led pleasantly to the
next division of territory. It is no surprise, therefore, to
learn that at a council meeting held in the Spring Run
house September 23, 1865, a committee consisting of
Joseph R. Hanawalt, William Howe, Peter Myers, Philip
Mertz, John Rupert, John Price and George S. Myers,
was appointed to establish a dividing line. They met
April 21, 1866 in the home of George S. Myers and
framed the following satisfactory dividing line : " That
the point of starting said line be at the foot of Blue
Ridge, opposite the Three Locks, crossing the river at
the Three Locks, thence along the public road by Strodes
Mill and saw mill, then by Hope Furnace and Hugh Mc-
Kee's to top of Jack's mountain, turning eastward fol-
lowing top of said mountain until opposite road on east
side of the farm where Abram Glassmyer now lives on
the road leading to ' Squire Haffey's, thence direct to
Stone mountain, the place of termination."

Thus was the congregation amicably divided Septem-
ber 23, 1865, the western section taking the name Spring
Run and the eastern retaining the name Lewistown —
sometimes called Dry Valley.

The Lewistown congregation after the division of ter-
ritory had the following officials :

Ministers : Jacob Mohler, William Howe, Adam
Young, John Price and Andrew Spanogle.

Deacons : Philip Mertz, Isaac Price, John Keever, Ben-
jamin Howe.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Jacob Mohler was chosen bishop and Philip Mertz
treasurer. No secretary was appointed and no records
kept. Even the treasurer, a fine faithful man whose
honesty was never questioned, kept no record. He
simply carried the bag, received what was given him and
paid such bills as the church ordered him to pay. As far
as record goes he never made a statement of receipts
and expenditures. Not until November 2, 1869 were pro-
visions made for keeping record and then George S.
Myers and Samuel Reichard were jointly appointed as
secretaries.

The Record of the Faith * states that the Dry Valley
congregation — properly called Lewistown, was organized
in 1781 with ten members ; that in 1881-1882 it had one
church house built in 1856 and a membership of 125.
The bishop of the congregation was William Howe.
Jacob Mohler wras also ordained while George S. Myers,
Samuel J. Swigart, Andrew Spanogle, John M. Mohler
were in the second and Albert Steinberger was in the
first degree of the ministry.

The congregation had a large territory to work, — on
the north, part of Centre County, on the east, part of
Snyder County over to Middleburg and on the south to
Shade mountain.

In this territory services were held regularly in the
Price, McKee and Kile school houses in the country, the
Toll Gate school house in Lewistown borough and two
school houses in Centre County. This gave the minis-
ters a busy program over a large area, but nothing
daunted, they at great sacrifice and with much effort
preached the Word of Life faithfully at each place. For
instance, to fill the appointments in Centre County
usually took three days.

The congregation showed a commendable, aggressive
spirit in her inner life. This is seen in the following
acts : At a council meeting held October 1, 1875, it was
decided to use unfermented wine at communion and the
next year they changed from double to single mode of
feet washing.

Growth was more marked in the city of Lewistown
than at the country centres. In fact so large became the

* Published in 1882 by Howard Miller.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

membership that on January 1, 1896, the congregation
decided to build the city members a church. They lim-
ited the building committee, — Andrew Spanogle, Jacob
U. Howe, Siamuel J. Swigart, — to an expenditure of
$2,500.00. A good brick house was erected 40 x 60 feet
at 134 Shaw Avenue and on January 3, 1897, it was dedi-
cated, James A. Sell preaching and using for his text
Psalms 122: 1.

At the time of the dedication there were between 60
and 70 members living in the city. The new house gave
an added impetus to the work and it grew. The interests
of the membership were so unique and their problems so
different from the country ones that it was thought best
to have the city members organize themselves into a
separate congregation. This was accomplished March
25, 1916, — the city group retaining the name Lewistown
and the country group taking the name of Dry Valley.

Ministers elected :

Abraham Miller

John Swigart

Jacob Kinsel

David Eshelman 1836

Joseph Rothrock

Abraham Rothrock

John 'Rothrock 1835

Joseph R. Hanawalt 1845

Reuben Myers 1849

William Howe 1853

Peter S. Myers 1857

Archie Van Dyke 1857

Adam Young 1859

Abram Myers 1867

Solomon Z. Sharp 1862

Deacons elected :

Jacob Mohler

Samuel Yoder 1847

Benjamin Howe

D. S. Zook

Isaac Price

Samuel Myers

William Howe 1848

John Keever 1855

Peter Mvers 1855

Archie Van Dyke 1857

John Rupert 1857

Adam Young 1857

Samuel Myers, Jr 1862

George Hanawalt 1865

John B. Price 1865

George S. Myers 1869

Samuel J. Swigart 1869

Andrew Spanogle 1870

John M. Mohler 1874

Albert Steinberger 1878

Jacob H. Richard 1891

William M. Howe 1893

John Shellenberger 1893

Harry Spanogle 1894

Edward M. > Howe 1905

Samuel Steinberger 1905

Philip Mertz 1859

John B. Price 1859

Henry Hertzler 1869

John S. Hanawalt 1865

John Y. Krepps 1865

George S. Myers 1867

Moses Price 1867

Andrew Spanogle 1870

Henry Snyder 1870

Jacob U. Howe 1875

Samuel Reichard 1875

Albert Steinberger 1875

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Jacob Reichard 1886 Samuel Steinberger 1902

John S. Mohler 1891 John Brininger 1904

John Shellenberger 1891 William Hummel 1904

Jacob W. Richard 1898 John Steinberger 1904

John Edminston 1898 Oliver Rothrock 1904

James Fisher 1902

DRY VALLEY

Present Membership, 98.

After the division of territory on March 25, 1916, Dry
Valley had left a membership of 139. The following
were officials: Ministers, Samuel J. Swigart, Edward M.
Howe, Samuel J. Steinberger, Jacob H. Richard and John
B. Shellenberger.

Deacons : John Edmiston, John S. Mohler, William
Hummel, Jacob D. Ellinger, Henry Peters, John Stein-
berger, William Wagner and James F. Fisher.

Organization: Samuel J. Swigart, Bishop; Edward M.
Howe, secretary ; John S. Mohler, treasurer.

It seemed wise for the parent church to organize the
Burnham borough separately and this was done on
March 25, 1921. The account of the rise and progress of
the cause there will be found under Burnham.

Bishops presiding :

Samuel J. Swigart till 1916

Edward M. Howe began 1920

Samuel J. Steinberger began 1924

Ministers elected :
Joseph Fleming 1923

Deacons: Date unknown, M. R. Lindsey, Henry Yetter ; 1920,
Jacob Ellinger, Joseph Fleming; 1923, Harry Hummel, Samuel
Richard.

BANNERVILLE

This is an outlying center of the Dry Valley congrega-
tion. In the fall of 1876 Enoch and Maggie Shellen-
berger and five children located in the village of Banner-
ville and engaged in mercantile business. No religious
services were held in the village and the conditions were
such that Mrs. Shellenberger started a Sunday-school.

* To Edward Howe the reader is indebted for much information found in this
sketch.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Two years later ministers from Maitland began to hold
meetings every eight weeks. The interest justified build-
ing a church house, for the village had none. Building

\ *■

****

■■/.

Is
o

fcJD

■f.

committee, Enoch Shellenberger, Daniel Zuck and An-
drew Spanogle put up a good frame house, 35x50 feet,
costing $1,500.00. On January 3, 1892 it was dedicated,

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Andrew Bashore and Abram Myers speaking to a large
gathering. For a time there was an increase of mem-
bers until some forty lived in the vicinity ; but through
not having a resident minister the work has not received
proper care and the membership at the present time is
about twenty-five.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

Dry Valley. Apparently Dry Valley congregation has the dis-
tinction of having the first Sunday-school in the district. Solomon
Z. Sharp was baptized at the Spring Run church in October, 1860.
In that year the young members in the Dry Valley church wanted a
Sunday-school and secured a Mr. Blymyer from Lewistown to start
a Sunday-school in the school house near the Dry Valley meeting
house. In 1862 William Howe insisted that the school be brought
into the meeting house and it became one of the early Sunday-schools
conducted by the Brethren.*

Evidently the school at first was a union effort, organized in the
schoolhouse near the church. In 1868, it was moved into the
basement of the Dry Valley church house because at that time it
was not considered right to hold a Sunday-school in the main
auditorium. Andrew Blymyer, not a member, was the first

superintendent^

At the James Creek convention, October 21, 1876, J John M.
Mohler and Albert Steinberger represented the school, and their re-
port, part of which follows, makes clear when the school came
under the control of the congregation : " Lewistown school was
under the Brethren eight years, and conducted at present as fol-
lows : Opened and closed by singing and prayer, after which the
teachers took charge of their classes. Time for recitation forty
minutes. Music on canvass selected from various books, papers,
etc. Also used the Union Hymn Book. For recitation, use Amer-
ican Sunday-school lesson papers. Remarks by superintendent and
others. Use the Young Disciple and with good success. Hope all
the Sunday-schools will do the same. Infant department conducted
by Albert Steinberger in the basement. Average between 115 and
120. John M. Mohler and Albert Steinberger, superintendent."
That the foregoing refers to Dry Valley school is made clear two
years later at the convention held in Spring Run when under the
heading " Dry Valley " is the brief statement, — " Conducted by
Brethren since 1869. Infant department in basement."

At the convention of 1896 the school reported average attendance,
77 ; raised $46.59 of which $26.55 was given to missions and charity ;
15 conversions; evergreen. In 1904 it reported average attendance,
59; 11 teachers; $104.97 raised and $49.68 given to missions and
charity; has teachers' meeting.

* Extracted from letter written July 18, 1923, by S. Z. Sharp,
t Information given by Edward Howe, son of William Howe, referred to by
Solomon Z. Sharp.

% See Primitive Christian, 1876, p. 702.

The Bannerville Church and Several of Its Members.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Superintendents : Before 1904, Andrew Blymyer, John M. Mohler.
Samuel Richard, Jacob Reichard, John S. Mohler, Oliver Rothrock,

William Richard; 1904, Samuel J. Steinberger ; 1905, ;

1906, William A. Hummel; 1907-'09, Edward M. Howe; 1910, Jacob
D. Ellinger; 1911-'14, John E. Steinberger; 1915-'16, John Edmiston ;
1917-'18, Jacob D. Ellinger; 1919-'23, John H. Steinberger; 1923-'24,
Jacob D. Ellinger.

BANNERVILLE SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The earliest record date of a Sunday-school at this point is Jan-
uary, 1892, at which time Enoch Shellenberger was made superin-
tendent; Mrs. Henry I. Peters, secretary; Fred Gundrum, treasurer.
The report for 1904 shows an average attendance, 50; seven teach-
ers; $24.00 raised; $11.75 given to missions and charity; evergreen;
ten conversions.

Superintendents: Before 1904, Isaac Wragner, Charles A. Smith,

Jay Brandt, John Lash; 1904, John B. Shellenberger; 1905,

; 1906, Andrew J. Kreps ; 1907, William H. Wagner;

1908-'10, Henry I. Peters; 1911, William H. Wagner; 1912-'13,
Henry I. Peters; 1914-'15, William H. Wagner; 1916, Henry I.

Peters; 1917-'18, William H. Wagner; 1919, F S. Wagner;

1920, Henry I. Peters; 1921-'24, William H. Wagner.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Ladies' Aid Society of the Dry Valley church was organized
in the home of Edward M. Howe on December 31, 1919 with the
following charter members: Minnie Ellinger, Delia Howe, Minnie
Richard, Mrs. Mary Showers, Margaret Leiter, Mrs. Thomas Fultz,
Serena Rupert, Jennie Yeater, Sovilla Richard, Mrs. Mary Smith,
Mrs. Rufus Knepp, Anna Hummel, Mary Howe, Hettie Richard,
Ellen Goss, Daisey Steinberger, Mrs. William Laub, Mrs. Charles
Deen, Mrs. Elizabeth Wagner, Mrs. Stephen L. Snook, Mrs. George
Yeater, Mrs. May Henry, Mrs. Anna Snook, Sadie Goss, Clara
Steinberger, Bertha Steinberger. Organization: President, Mrs.
Delia; Howe ; Vice-President, Serena Rupert ; Secretary, Ellen Goss ;
Treasurer, Minnie Ellinger.

The Society besides doing work among the needy at home has
been able to distribute funds as to the Old People's Home at Mar-
tinsburg and the Missionary Home at Huntingdon.

SPRING RUN

Present Membership, 344.

Before September 23, 1865, the date of the organization
of the Spring Run congregation, its history is part of the
-Uewistown (Country) church. About 175 members were
in the newly organized Spring Run territory.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Organization : Bishop, Joseph R. Hanawalt ; secretary,
Solomon W. Bolinger ; treasurer, Henry Hertzler.

The newly organized body adopted, Sept. 23, '65, rather
elaborate " regulations for holding council meetings."
This includes a " preamble and order of business/' They
started to work systematically and thoroughly.

In 1862 Samuel Musser from near McAlavey's Fort,
attended a lovefeast in Spring Run and was so deeply
impressed that he prevailed on the brethren to come and
preach in his community. Joseph Hanawalt and Solo-
mon Z. Sharp responded and held a short series of meet-
ings at which time a number united with the church,
among them, Samuel Musser. Solomon Z. Sharp, living
ten miles nearer than any other minister through having
charge of Kishacoquillas seminary, was given charge and
supplied preaching every three weeks for several years.
During 1865-1867, Archie Van Dyke resided in the com-
munity and the mission was given close attention. He
was followed by James A. Sell for two years and through
their efforts some twenty members were gathered into
the church. Meetings were held in McAlaveys, Brush
Ridge, Bear Meadow, Stephens and Sell school houses.
In 1869 a lovefeast was held in Budd Harshberger's barn.
From the result of this labor is noted Joshua P. Harsh-
berger, William Quinn and Samuel Musser all uniting
with the church and called to the ministry. So the labor
was not in vain even if the work went down through in-
ability to follow it properly and finally abandoned about
1890.

The Sabbath school had made itself felt in the com-
munity for (Oct. 5, '66) " complaint is made against them
for following too much the fashions of the world ' and
was finally referred to the Annual Meeting.

In 1867 (May 25) it was decided that members were
not allowed to have their lives insured ; " the mission
cause was talked of and encouraged but a warning not
to make merchandise of the word of God.'5 Next year
(May 6) members were advised " not to take part in de-
bating societies " ; (Aug. 29) the Sunday school officers
were " to be elected alone by the brethren at quarterly
council." It was declared " inconsistent for brethren to
pass our place of meeting to go to camp meeting ' and

Upper House: Home of George H. Hanawalt, then Abram Myers, and now John C.
Swigart. Lower House : The Spring Run Church of 1858.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

that they shall heed the Annual Meeting's " Better not "
and not read " the Revised Version of the New Testa-
ment in our public meetings."

The Golden Rule was applied (Oct. 9, '69) for brethren
were told to " do as you would wish to be done by 3
when the query came up whether it was " right to hold
produce for a higher market price than real value."

It is interesting to note that this congregation fre-
quently cites the " Brethren Encyclopedia " * in the set-
tlement of many questions.

In 1870 this congregation opposed a stenographer at
Annual Meeting and said it was a " violation of Matthew
18 to discuss differences through the periodicals." It
favored the organization of a Church Insurance
Company.

" Since there is considerable difference between the
cuts of our brethren's coats " the question, " Is any plain
coat out of order?" was answered (Jan. 24, '71) "it is
considered that any round coat with standing or laying
collar is a plain one." At this meeting the complaint
" our meetings are not opened at the appointed time,"
appearing a number of times before on the Minutes was
again brought up, — while at the mid-year council (Aug.
5, '71) members using " slang phrases " in speaking of
others were to be " brought before the church as
offenders " if they persist in doing thus.

Members " put back " from the communion for some
offense were declared (Sept. 23, '73) " members but not
communicants." A method sometimes used in this
period by many congregations west and east was re-
sorted to (Sept. 26, '74) when it was decided "to get a
constable to insure good order at our lovefeasts." Two
years later (July 29), it was decided to continue "to line
the hymns while singing." Brethren attending Temper-
ance meetings and called upon to speak, were granted
privilege to do so (Dec. 29, '77) yet the church house
was denied some one for the use of concerts. The next
year this congregation petitioned Annual Meeting for the
privilege to use unfermented wine at the communion.

* This book, published in 1867, by Kurtz, Columbiana, Ohio, contains the united
councils and conclusions of the Brethren at their Annual Meetings, carefully col-
lected and translated from the original German in part, with explanatory notes.
A copy of this rare book is in the library at Juniata College.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Evidently Spring Run was conspicuous in the Sunday-
school world for (July 31, '80) the congregation for
some reason declined to take the State Sunday-school
Convention.

The Record of the Faithful * states that this congrega-
tion was organized in 185? with a membership of 155;
that it had one church house built in 1859 and a member-
ship of 330. Peter S. Myers was bishop ; Abraham Myers,
George Swigart, Samuel Moser were in the second and
John Hanawalt in the first degree of the ministry.

The congregation " resolved to carry out " the request
that came in on the visit " that there be less fault-finding
with the young and more love shown them." Three
years later (Oct. 15, '87) matting was ordered on the
aisles of the church. May 11, 1889 it was " resolved that
we as a church do all we can for its success." March 30,
1895 " to pay ministers sent to conduct series of meet-
ings $1.00 per day and expenses." Instead of carrying
the communion bread in the hands, trays were ordered
(May 31, 1902) to be purchased and used.

In response to repeated and urgent requests on the
part of the members living south of the Juniata River,
two unsuccessful attempts to build them a meeting house
were made in the years 1874 and 1877. In each instance
there seemed to be good reason to defer building and not
until May 21, 1892, when Reuben T. Myers, John Yoder,
Abraham Myers, Jacob Miller and Michael F. H. Kinsel
were appointed building committee, did the congregation
push the building to completion. It is a frame structure.
40 x 60 feet, costing a little over $2,000.00. On January
23, 1893, this, the Pine Glen house, was dedicated. Wil-
liam J. Swigart led in the dedicatory service, using for
his text 2 Chronicles 2 : 4. The first lovefeast was held
on Saturday evening, May 26, 1893.

The Spring Run house, in use for fifty years, was held
sacred because of the memories associated with it, and
yet the house needed remodeling. Under the supervision
of John C. Swigart, Michael F. H. Kinsel, Fred Swigart,
Lloyd G. Rupert, and Reuben T. Myers the necessary
changes were made at a cost of about $500.00. On
August 29, 1909 it was rededicated by a bi-centenial pro-

* Published in 1882 by Howard Miller.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

gram of considerable length in which many took part, —
a day to be remembered by all present.

During the summers of 1921-1923 eight additional
Sunday-school rooms and other changes costing about
$1,800.00 were made.

The Spring Ruv Church as it is Today,

Bishops presiding :
Jospeh R. Hanawalt... . 1865-77

Peter S. Myers 1877-'85

Abram Myers .... about 1885-'97
Samuel J. Swigart 1897-'00

George H. Swigart,

Mav 30, 1900-Mar. 25, 1910
Reuben Myers Mar. 26, 1910-'24
John C. Swigart Mar. 26,

1910-'24

Brethren Myers and Swigart are serving the church jointly.

Ministers elected :

Abram Myers 1867

Samuel J. Swigart 1869

George H. Swigart 1871

John S. Hanawalt 1873

William J. Swigart 1876

Reuben T. Myers 1881

J. Allen Myers 1883

John C. Swigart 1887

Milton C. Swigart 1894

Lawrence Ruble 1900

* William D. Kopenhaver. .1912

William H. Hanawalt 1912

Wilbur C. Swigart 1920

Deacons: When organized, 1847, Samuel Yoder ; 1857, John
Rupert; 1860, Henry Hertzler ; also Samuel Myers and Abraham
Myers. Elected after organization : 1867, Reuben T. Myers, William
Miller, Henry Swigart; 1869, Joseph Dunmire, George H. Swigart;

* Moved into the congregation as a minister.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

1875, Michael F. H. Kinsel, John Yoder ; 1882, Jacob Miller, Ben-
jamin Rhodes, John C. Swigart; 1895, Winfield S. Harshberger,
Lloyd Rupert, Oliver M. Dunmire; 1896, Joseph H. Swigart, John
H. Miller; 1903, John E. Ranck, George M. Krepps ; 1910, Henry
W. Hanawalt, Lloyd Swigart; 1913, Albert Manbeck; 1915, Eugene
O. Kinsel, Thadeus M. Rhodes, Roy Dunmire; 1918, Walter I.
Knepp, Henry C. Swigart, Lloyd Dunmire. Dates unknown,
Samuel Musser, Adam Rupert, John S. Hanawalt, Bud Hershberger,
Andrew J. Krepps, David C. Rupert, Samuel Powell.

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Spring Run. This school was opened in the Spring Run Church
on August 19, 1866 and after that each year on April 1, until it be-
came " evergreen " in 1906. Organization : Abram Myers, superin-
tendent; Samuel J. Swigart, and Michael F. H. Kinsel, assistants;
Elizabeth Swigart, superintendent of female department; "Attend-
ance first Sunday, 71 and by middle of October 95. Greatest number
of verses recited in one session by one person, 1900. " *

Through Solomon W. Bolinger this school made a report f of the
sixth session saying they had "upwards of 125 pupils. . . . The
books used were the New Testament by all who could read, and the
Union Spelling book by the ones unable to do so. . . . No library
books were used although we have one published by the American
Baptist Society. . . . The school has done well under the principal-
ship of our deacon, brother Reuben T. Myers, assisted by John S.
Hanawalt and Solomon W. Bollinger, all of which were elected by
ballot by the church at a council meeting held in March previous."

Michael F. H. Kinsel and Reuben T. Myers were sent as dele-
gates to the first District Sunday-school convention held at James
Creek, October 21, 1876 and the following is their report: "School
opened in 1866. Missed 1870. In operation nine years. Music
printed on canvass. For recitation, the International Lesson Leaves
are used. Number enrolled, 125; average, 90.J

At the 1898 convention this school reported : Average attendance,
50; raised $14.34 for supplies; continued six months of year. In
1904 the average attendance, 70; eight teachers; $32.00 raised, of
which $12.00 went to missions and charity. The school has main-
tained a frontline standard 1917-'24; during seventeen years has had
teacher training classes.

Superintendents: Before 1904 these are among the superintendents
who served : John Rupert, Ruben T. Myers, John S. Hanawalt,
Solomon W. Bollinger, Sarah Myers, Elizabeth Swigart, Eve Kinsel,
David C. Rupert. 1904, Lawrence Rubel ; 1905, Samuel Dunmire;
1906, Lloyd Swigart; 1907, Howard A. Rush; 1908-'10, Lloward A.
Dunmire; 1911-'12, Wilbur C. Swigart; 1913-'15, Roy Dunmire;
1916-'17, Luther J. Dunmire; 1918, J. Allen Rhoes; 1919-'24, Eugene
O. Kinsel.

Manor Hill. This school was located about fifteen miles north

* Primitive Christian and Pilgrim, 1878, p. 71G.
t Weekly Pilurim, 1873, p. 398.
% Primitive Christian, 1876, p. 702.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

of Huntingdon up Stone Creek Valley, but was under the super-
vision of the Spring Run Congregation. Archie Van Dyke repre-
sented the school at the 1876 convention and this much of his re-
port is preserved : " Manor Hill Class was organized 1866. Com-
prises from twenty to thirty members, consisting of Brethren's chil-
dren and friends in general." This point was abandoned in 1890
and the school ceased as far as the Brethren are concerned.

Pine Glen. In the 1898 convention this school reported enroll-
ment, 48; continues six months of year. In 1904, enrollment, 82;
average, 43 ; six teachers ; raised $32.21 of which $4.78 went to mis-
sions and charity. " Evergreen " since 1917. Teacher Training, 1923.

Superintendents: Before 1904, not available; 1904-'06, Joseph H.
Swigart; 1907-'08, James S. Grassmyer ; 1909-'12, John H. Miller;
1913-'18, Mrs. Alice L. Swigart; 1919-'23, H. Clair Swigart; 1924,
Walter Knepp.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The society for Spring Run Church was organized on February
25, 1905 in the Spring Run church. Officers : President, Mrs. Cath-
erine E. Swigart; Secretary, Cora Ruble; Treasurer, Bell Rhodes.

Charter members : Anna Swigart, Catharine E. Swigart, Mable
Harshberger, Bell Rhodes, Anna French, Serena Ruble, Esther
Harshberger, Ida Harshberger, Cora Ruble, Libbie Manbeck, Mary
E. Swigart.

Presidents and time of service :

Catherine E. Swigart 1905-1908-1916-1922

Bell Rhodes 1906-1915-1917-1919-1921-1923

Anna French 1907-1914

Serena Ruble 1909-1911-1913

Libbie Manbeck 1910-1912-1918

Summary of efforts :

Pupil in India Boarding School $150.00

Orphan in India 175.00

Local efforts 600.00

LEWISTOWN (City)*

Present Membership, 469.

With the church house around which the religious in-
terest of the Lewistown (Country and City) congrega-
tion centered for a whole generation only four miles
from the city, and with a big field that taxed the min-
istry to work, the ministers made no efifort to preach at
any point in Lewistown city until about forty members

* To Harry A. Spanogle the reader is indebted for information found in this
sketch.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

resided within its limits. Then preaching was held every
four weeks in the Toll Gate school house and William
Howe, Samuel J. Swigart, George S. Myers, Andrew
Spanogle, John M. Mohler, Albert C. Steinberger, Jacob
H. Richard and Harry A. Spanogle took turns in declar-

Tiik Lewistown Church.

ToLBEKT W. FlLSON AND WIPE.

John Breininger and wife.

ing the Word. A Sunday-school was organized in 1892
and this gave a service to the members and others every
Lord's day. Interest was good and the school house no
longer answered their needs. On January 4, 1896 the
congregation decided to build a church house at 134

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Shaw Avenue. The new house was available for wor-
ship, January 3, 1897. By this time the membership had
increased to about 70.

For some time before the separate organization was
affected, the group living in the city were acting inde-
pendent of the mother congregation to the extent that it
secured William and Minnie Kinsey for pastoral en-
deavor. They entered upon their work May 1, 1915 and
served the congregation three years.

The Lewistown (city) congregation, organized March
25, 1916, had 217 members and among them the follow-
ing officials :

Ministers : Samuel J. Swigart, William Kinsey, Andrew Spanogle,
Albert C. Steinberger, Harry A. Spanogle.

Deacons : Jacob U. Howe, James T. Fisher, John Breininger,
James Harshberger.

Organization : Samuel J. Swigart, bishop ; William Kinsey, pastor ;
John Breininger and Isaac Zimmerman, secretaries; John Brein-
inger, treasurer; Samuel J. Swigart, Andrew Spanogle and Jacob
U. Howe, trustees.

One of the first things the newly organized congrega-
tion did was to push the remodeling of the church house,
plans and probable costs for the same having been ap-
proved February 10, 1916 before the organization. The
building committee, — Samuel J. Swigart, William Kin-
sey, and Harry A. Sipanogle had been appointed by the
congregation and these three selected John Breininger
and James Rothrock, — under the directions of the church,
made changes and additions costing $6,200.00. On De-
cember 3, 1916 John H. Cassady preached the dedicatory
sermon. Special music and other helpful features mark
the worship. In the evening William J. Swigart spoke.

For one year after William Kinsey moved from the
congregation, Samuel J. Swigart and Harry A. Spanogle
occupied the pulpit. In October, 1919 Herman B. Heisey
and wife took up the pastorate. The next month the
new pastor held a revival and some forty were received
into membership by baptism. Brother Heisey continues
in the pastorate.

Beginning with January, 1916, the congregation pub-
lished a church bulletin which has proved helpful.

i— i

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73 CI
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in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Bishops presiding:

Samuel J. Swigart, March 25, 1916 to March, 1920.

Herman B. Heisey, June, 1920 to date.

Ministers elected :

Helen Shellenberger, 1924.

Deacons: Dec. 10, 1916, Tolbert W. Filson, Lawrence Zook, Banks
Shotsbarger; Oct., 1920, Charles Hopkins.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The Sunday-school was first organized September 25, 1892 in the
Toll Gate schoolhouse. Officers : Henry L. Harshbarger and Harry
A. Spanogle, superintendents; Flo Spanogle, secretary; Christ H.
Swigart, treasurer. At the 1898 convention the school reported
average attendance, 78; $88.53 raised, of which $29.01 went for mis-

Mary, Sarah, Virginia, Myrtle and Adda, all members of the Church of
the Brethren!, daughters of David A. and Fannie A. Moist, (deceased).
Photo, 1918. Kindness of of D. Banks Moist.

sions and charity; 3 conversions. In 1904 average attendance had
dropped to 59; 11 teachers; $104.97 raised, of which $49.68 given to
missions and charity; has teachers meetings. The school has been
" evergreen " from the beginning and has had teacher training
classes 1905-'24.

Superintendents : 1892, Henry L. Harshberger, Harry A. Spanogle ;

, James T. Fisher; 1904-'06, Harry A. Spanogle; 1907, John H.

Cassady; 1908-'15, James T. Fisher; 1916-'18, Harry A. Spanogle;
1919, James T. Fisher; 1920, D. Banks Moist; 1921-'—, Charles
Hopkins till July; July, 1921-'23, Tolbert V. Filson; 1924, Charles
Hopkins.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The society was first organized in October, 1902, in the home of
Mrs. Sarah Howe, on Valley Street. Mrs. Annie Mohler Spanogle
was elected president. The records up till October 20, 1909 have
been misplaced.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Presidents :

Mrs. Annie Spanogle Oct. . . , 1902

Mrs. Caroline Ruble Oct. 19, 1909

Mrs. Sarah Breininger Oct. 19, 1910

Mrs. Ella Rothrock Jan. 8, 1913

Catherine Spanogle Jan. 7, 1914

Mrs. Minnie Kinsey Dec. 29, 1915

Mrs. Eva. Filson Jan. 10, 1917

Mrs. Annie Spanogle Dec. 31, 1919

Catherine Spanogle Dec. 30, 1922

In general totals the society has accomplished the following :

Foreign Missions $787.95

Home Missions 178.75

Juniata College 100.00

Hospital 29.00

Young Men's Christian Association 20.00

Lewistown Church 2,089.24

$3,204.94

BURNHAM*

Present Membership, 100.

When Burnham borough was still a part of Lewistown
congregation Maggie Shellenberger, wrell advanced in
years, touched by the need for religious instruction
among the lowly of the place undertook a Sunday-school.
The first session was held in the fall of 1907 in David
Goss' home. Six were present. The next Sunday fifteen
were in attendance and in about two months the school
was moved to a private two-room house on Pine Top.
This growth and interest called for preaching service
and in January and February, 1908, a six weeks' meetings
(one in the Pine Top house and then the attendance in-
creased so that the meeting was moved to John A. Fil-
son's home) with forty-seven accessions were the results
of John B. Shellenberger's labors, the help of his mother,
who started the school and her co-laborers Eva Roth-
rock Filson, Catherine Seal Fleming and others.

So responsive were the people to the spiritual uplift
that the question of building a house for the Lord was
taken before the Dry Valley church and a grant was se-

* To John B. Shellenberger the reader is indebted for most of the information
in this sketch.

The Two Meeting Places Before the Burnham House Was Erected,, the
Burnham House,, and Some Officials of the Congregation.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

cured to go ahead but with instructions to keep within
an expenditure of $2,000.00. Building committee: John
A. Filson, John Breininger and John B. Shellenberger.
The new building, 35 x 50 feet, basement and first story
with proper Sunday-school rooms, cost $2,000.00. On
December 20, 1908 Henry K. Ober led the dedication
service, using for his text 1 Chronicles 22 : 6-13 and
1 Corinthians 3: 16-17.

A steady growth was manifest through the years. It
was not long, however, until it was apparent to the Dry
Valley congregation that an organization separate from
the mother church would be advantageous. Accordingly
on March 26, 1921, with the assistance of Edward M.
Howe, Jacob Reichard, John B. Shellenberger and
Samuel Stienberger, the members of Burnham, 91 in all,
were organized. Officers: John B. Shellenberger, pastor
and bishop ; Emma Stuck, church and corresponding sec-
retary ; Henry Yeatter, treasurer ; Deacon, Mahlon Lind-
sie; Deacons elected, October 9, 1921, Millard W. Mertz
and Henry Yeatter.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The Sunday-school was the beginning of interest in this borough
Its first meeting in the new church was on August 23, 1908, with
the following officers in charge: John A. Filson, superintendent;
Emma Stuck, secretary; Joseph Hanawalt, treasurer. The average
attendance for the full year was thirty-five. During 1923 a teacher
training class was conducted and five received first vear certificates.

Superintendents: 1908-'10, John A. Filson; 1911-'14, Thomas
Arnold; 1915-'24, William A. Hummell.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Society first met in Catherine Geedy's home and was organ-
ized on April 14, 1910. Officers, Emma Arnold, president; Vina E.
Shellenberger, secretary; Jennie Reichard, treasurer. Besides the
three officers Amelia Harshberger and Catherine D. Geedy helped
to make up the list of charter members.

In totals the society has accomplished the following :

Church Building Fund $100.00

Repairing church 100.00

Pastor's salary 25.00

Virginia Mountain Home 50.00

Communion equipment 25.00

Sewing for needy at home 25.00

On interest for special purposes 100.00

For special purpose 78.00

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

AUGHWICK*

Present Membership, 150.

" Samuel Hollinger is said to have been the first
brother who preached in this country and this was as
much as sixty years ago." f From other sources it is
gathered that in about 1802 six members, Christian
Long and wife, Daniel Secrist and wife and Peter Secrist
and wife, were organized into the Aughwick church,
the first congregation of the Church of the Brethren in
Huntingdon County. " In the organization, brother
Long was chosen minister, his companion giving her
voice for him, as she afterwards told her children and her
friends. J Daniel Secrist was chosen deacon. Two years
later Jacob Lutz was elected to the ministry. Because
all these members spoke German, their services were in
that language ; and being an English community few
were added to the church. However, a few members
now and then moved in until the brethren were in the
majority. Not until after John Hanawalt, who spoke
English, was called to the ministry in 1806 were there
accessions by conversion. In 1826 according to available
records there were about twenty-five members living in
the congregation.

At first they worshiped in their own homes, — some of
them providing a room for this purpose when they built.
Then the schoolhouse was used for a short period. In
1836 § the congregation erected, in Germany Valley, a
large but low stone church 40 x 65 feet, costing about
$800.00, still standing and in good condition. It is a
splendid monument to the devotion, courage and sacrifice
of those earlier days.

Somewhere within the bounds of this congregation,
probably in Germany Valley, the Annual Meeting of 1839
was held. Those were early frontier days with great
difficulties attending the coming and going, and fellow-

* To Alexander M. Stout and Charles H. Morrow the reader is indebted for
information in this sketch.

f J. Q. in Gospel Visitor, 1869, p. 190.

t Ibid., p. 190.

§ In n sketch of the life of Peter Long, Gospel Messenger, May 3, 1887, it is
stated the house was dedicated in 1838. In Gospel Messenger, 1911, page 357,
C. H. Morrow states " this house was built in 1838. It was the first church in
this vicinity."

A History of the Church of the Brethren

ship was thereby more precious. The records show no
action at that conference of special interest, but John H.
Umstead from near Philadelphia attended this meeting
and afterwards in company with James Ouinter the two
visited the churches of the valleys of Pennsylvania. It
was Brother Quinter's first preaching tour/1'

As far as known this congregation has records that
date farther back than those of any congregation in the
district. From the cash book kept by John G. Glock a
few items of interest for these times are copied :

May 16, 1847, 22 lbs. butter @ 12y2c (Later item

has 10c per lb.) $2.75

June 1, 1847, to Mother Lntz for sweeping the

meeting house 4 times .50

( )ct. 23, 1847, 2 bu. wheat 2.00

Xov. 23, 1847, 4 lbs. coffee 44

" The amount provided for the lovefeast held on the
3rd and 4th of September, 1847, was ninety loaves of
bread, 106 pies, sixty-four pounds of butter, nine pounds
of coffee, six pounds of sugar, thirteen bushel oats ; also
two dozen candles and three and one-half quarts wine.''

In 1855 the Annual Meeting was held in Germany Val-
ley, this time on the John B. Garver farm, now owned
by S. K. McKeehan and Sons. " The meeting was or-
ganized by appointing a Standing Committee of thirteen
elders with two clerks, and one hundred and ten were
representing the churches who were divided into the
committees to examine and report on the papers sent in.T

Judging from the custom of these days the local con-
gregation provided " lodging, boarding and horsefood '
for all who came.

Though no such decision is recorded, it would appear
that in 1864 this congregation decided to keep a brief
record of its deliberations. Xo name appears as clerk
until 1867 when John B. Garver signed as clerk. The
minutes of this first recorded meeting, October 13, 1864
are short but full of interest :

First. Should Brethren be allowed to attend political meetings?
Considered not proper.

* The Gospel Visitor, 1849, p. 190.

t Minutes of Animal Meeting, pp. 147-148.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Second. How to provide some refreshments for spectators.
Agreed that refreshments shall be given out just before evening.

Third. Would it be proper to remove dishes, etc., etc. from the
tables immediately after supper is over? Considered the best way.

Fourth. Shall we hold an election for speaker and deacon ?
Agreed to have an election.

^ Fifth. Delegates chosen to the district meeting, Christian Myers,
Samuel Lutz.

No record appears then until September 28, 1865, when
" John G. Glock wished to know the opinion of the
church in regard to advice given to an applicant for bap-
tism : Is it right to require an applicant for baptism to
make reconcilliations when there is a known and serious
difficulty existing between him and others, before being
admitted?5 This and " Is the office of assistant revenue
assessor more tolerable in the church than the office of
associate judge? ' were referred to the District Council.

In 1866 the " brethren are admonished and warned
against going to political meetings " while the same atti-
tude was taken towards sisters " wearing headnets,
hoops, garibalda's, etc."

The record of the meeting held January 1, 1867, re-
flects well the congregation in the matter of public pray-
ing: " Considered that it is not only the privilege of all
the brethren to pray in a public capacity but it is their
duty, especially when circumstances seem to demand it."
In this connection some plan for reading" the Scripture in
course was adopted.

The question of going to law perplexed some and on
May 23, 1867, this was decided upon: " Is there any dif-
ference between using the law ourselves and employing
others to act for us? Considered no difference with re-
gard to right."

The very perplexing question with members in all
periods of the church, — " Unwilling to commune because
one communes whom they think is not worthy, and still
desires to be in full fellowship with the church " is an-
swered, October 3, 1867, " that they should deny them-
selves and commune."

A certain brother "asks the church to release him from
the ministry on account of mental disability and tem-
poral inconvenience/' " Considered that the church has

A History of the Church of the Brethren

no authority to relieve him " and he is " admonished
. . . to be more active in his calling.'1

Just how District Meeting" in those days chose its
member on Standing Committee is not revealed but a
query went up from the April 4, 1868 meeting " that each
District meeting choose its own representative to be a
member of the Standing Committee of the Yearly
Meeting/'

Delegates to District Meeting were instructed, May 13,
1870, to vote against paying a salary to home mis-
sionaries."

Agreement could not be reached, September 2, 1870, on
the consistency of " members who cannot commune at
home to go to other branches and commune." At the
same meeting it was thought " right to bring, i. e. to
convey preachers of other denominations to our neigh-
borhood to preach ... in certain cases."

In 1872 the congregation instructed the members at
the different houses " to decide according to their judg-
ment ' about observing double or single mode of feet-
washing. They decided in favor of mutual fire insurance
but brethren did wrong who " sign petitions for license
to sell liquor ; " later it was " considered not right . . .
to sell intoxicant drinks or liquors to persons who retail
or sell them again to drunkards," or " to sell grain to
persons who intend to manufacture it into spirituous
liquors." The church at the same time did not reach
a conclusion on holding " social and special prayer-
meetings."

Following the erection of the Germany Valley house a
decided increase in membership was realized. The mem-
bers spread out into adjoining valleys in spite of the
hardships encountered, but for the time continued to
gather at the old stone church for worship. But the
church was on the eve of a decided advanced step in her
life. The spirit of improvement took hold of the mem-
bership. Henry B. Brumbaugh, attending the meeting
after some improvements were made on the Germany
Valley " low stone house ' thus writes : " The old stone
church which has been standing for several ages, has
recently been remodeled and nicely fitted up with seats
provided with that very necessary part, ' the back,' well

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

painted and elevated at the one side and the ends. The
aisles are covered with a plain matting which, though it
may be considered an innovation upon our time honored
customs, seem to be quite a necessary improvement. . . .
We cannot see why a thing of such real benefit is not
generally adopted."

The occasion of the gathering was a communion,
Thursday, October 10, 1872. Samuel R. Zug of Lan-
caster County preached the opening sermon. " The at-
tendance was not very good." The editor makes these
further significant remarks : " This church is noted for
turning out a large number of ministers, many of whom
are scattered over the Western States and are doing good
service for the Master's Kingdom, but like the mother
of many children, she has felt the pangs and being* neces-
sitated to rally so often for losses, she became somewhat
depressed, but we hope her quota is now filled and that
the present force may feel content to labor at home."
Then the editor relates that " the present ministerial
force are as follows : Andrew Spanogle, now superan-
nuated, who formerly was acting bishop, but now super-
seded by John G. Glock, who of late is assisted by A. L.
Funk and John Spanogle, they having been advanced to
the eldership. Next in office, James R. Lane, Peter L.
Swayne, John B. Garver, Isaac Book and lately R. M.
Wakefield/11

Three ministers and a goodly number of members
lived in Hill Valley. On May 9, 1873, John Spanogle,
James R. Lane, Henry Rhodes, George Garver and
Michael Myers were appointed building committee to
erect a house for the Hill Valley members with " no re-
strictions except that the cost of the house shall not ex-
ceed $2,000.00." On Saturday, September 19, 1874, the
members and visitors gathered at the new house, a splen-
did brick structure 40 x 50 feet, for worship, for it should
" be remembered that this was the first preaching in this
house and was what was generally termed the dedica-
tion/' Christian Long of Adel, Iowa, formerly of this
congregation and Robert Badger of Dallas Centre, Iowa
were unexpected visitors. And being " farthest away '
Christian Long " led out " followed by Brother Badger.

* Weekly Pilgrim, 1872, p. 351.

Upper: Germany Valley House. Next: Hill Valley
Hill House. Lower Right: Beach

Hor.se. Lower
Ruu House.

Left: Rock

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

" The afternoon and evening exercises were largely at-
tended and the new house was filled bey.ond capacity.'1
Seven were baptized that evening. On the next day
(Sunday) Christian Long preached, followed by Joseph
R. Hanawalt. Other visiting ministers were Jacob
Mohler, Andrew Spanogle, George Brumbaugh and John
B. Garver.*

April 10, 1875 John Spanogle's "proposition to have
Sunday-school in this house (Sugar Run, now Hill Val-
ley) the coming summer " was agreed to. At the same
meeting lay-members as well as officials were made
eligible to serve as delegates to District meeting. While
in 1870 delegates were instructed to vote against " pub-
lishing a full report of the proceedings of the Annual
Meeting," in 1876 this congregation instructed her dele-
gates to " favor a report in pamphlet form."

In 1877 the congregation decided " to adopt an equal-
izing system to meet current expenses.'' The next year,
six years before Conference laid the foundation for the
church's present general missionary organization, " Jere-
miah Messmore, Samuel Lutz, John Shope, Jane Lane,
Elizabeth Spanogle and Hattie Dell are appointed a com-
mittee to solicit missionary funds " to be paid into a
Missionary Union that was carrying on work in the
United States.

Evidently some members wanted " the meal on the
second day of the Love Feast dispensed with and the
cost applied to some other purpose;" but April 26, 1877,
it was " considered not good to make a change at this

s
time."

At the same meeting, the query " What to do with
sisters who refuse to wear the cap or a covering on the
head in the time of worship" was disposed of thus:
" They should be admonished and advised to have their
heads covered."

The members scattered farther away, seeking homes in
promising valleys. A group settled over to the west
in Hares Valley and the brethren were called in to
preach. William Spanogle took a special interest in the
spiritual welfare of this group. Meetings were held in
the Lincoln schoolhouse and members were added. On

* Weekly Pilgrim, 1874, p. 308.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

January 1, 1879, after the council meeting was " closed
with singing and prayer . . . John Shope was given the
liberty to ask the concurrence of the church in building
a meeting house at or near Lincoln schoolhouse in Hares
Valley. There was no objection. The following summer
a substantial frame house 32x36, known as the Beach
Run Church, about three miles from Mapleton Depot
was erected. Much labor was donated, for the people
had a heart to work. In September of the same year
James Quinter dedicated the church. Conditions de-
veloped soon after through the unfortunate church divis-
ion that in twenty years reduced the membership to two.
Benjamin F. Ranck of Altoona ministered to them more
or less regularly for nearly three years. During the
school year of 1922-'23 Alexander M. Stout, a theological
student at Juniata gave the group week-end pastoral care
and he was followed the next year by Galen Blough. In
September, 1923 Charles O. Beery held a revival, at
which time nine confessed Christ and the turn upward
again appears to be on hand.

Perhaps no more important step in the right direction
in handling troubles was taken than the one the congre-
gation took, October 22, 1879, when it was decided " that
the deacons take written statements of what is to come
before the church." At the same meeting the single
mode of feet-washing was adopted " by the minority be-
ing willing to bear for the present." At this same meet-
ing the business work of the church took on a new phase
when three were appointed " to audit the accounts of the
church."

One is surprised to find that social problems perplexed
the church in the form this query of May 17, 1879 re-
veals : " Is it right for the brethren to hold dances or
parties, brother . . . being charged?" And it is more
surprising, — one cannot imagine what conditions existed
to delay action, for the record shows no conclusion but
" continued."

In 1881 certain brethren who had " withdrawn " from
the church and desiring to be received back into fellow-
ship refused to have extended to them the right hand of
fellowship and the kiss; and the church decided to re-
ceive them "upon their confession and acknowledgment."

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Sleigh bells continued to give concern in 1891 ; espe-
cially at funerals for " the church requires . .. . all to take
their bells off on the way to the graveyard." " Can a
brother in the ministry act in a township office consis-
tently with the Gospel?' It was thought "better not."

The Record of the Faithful * states that the Aughwick
congregation in Huntingdon County was organized in
1802 with six members, that in 1882 it had two church
houses, but no date when the first one was built, that its
membership was 225. John G. Glock was bishop ; James
R. Lane, Robert M. Wakefield, Seth F. Myers, John
Shope, were in the second while Thomas Chilcote was in
the first degree of the ministry.

On January 16, 1882 George Eby, a deacon who had
served this congregation as treasurer for forty years, died
at the age of eighty-six.

In 1884 (January 1), a committee of four brethren were
appointed to " admonish members attending literary so-
cieties." At the same meeting the church took a square
stand against members belonging to the Grange.

One gets a little glimpse at the handling of an Annual
Meeting when, in 1885 (Mexico, Pa.), this congregation
agrees to send their dishes, knives and forks to Annual
Meeting providing they are called for.'5 A real practical
interest was taken in Annual Meeting those days as seen
by the following, answered negatively: 'Will this church
be willing for the brethren to sell confectionery on Sun-
day on the Annual Meeting grounds?" Many people
from a distance attended the Lovefeasts and slept in the
church on benches or floor beds " up-stairs." Hence it

was necessary to " appoint brother , with two

others to stay in the meeting house the night of the love-
feast and keep order."

John Shope, a minister, lived in Black Log Valley and
witnessed for Christ in a very able way. The members
and friends decided to build a church and on October 19,
1884, James Quinter dedicated the same. There were
about sixty members living in the valley at the time.t
Following the dedication, Brother Shope conducted a re-
vival continuing six weeks and some ninety confessed

* Published in 1882 by Howard Miller,
f Gospel Messenger, 1884, p. 705.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Christ. After a few years our brother Shope felt con-
strained to unite with the Brethren (Progressive) and
the Lord's work at this point through various reasons
has come to naught as far as the Church of the Brethren
is concerned.

According to the records this congregation felt the
pangs of the Progressive movement, though it did not
manifest itself openly till about 1890. The minutes show
that, October 21, 1891, fifteen withdrew from fellowship
but in time a number of them returned to the mother
church. Of the number but one was a minister.

In 1895 Walter S. Long was " relieved from filling the
distant appointments for the present year in order that
more attention may be given to Sunday-school work.'1
Yet the following year the church is unable to determine
if " it is right to take up a collection on Sunday. Hill
Valley and Germany Valley houses are granted permis-
sion to hold singing schools." Most any position of
business was questioned at first, for the church asked
District Meeting, " Is a bishop that is a stockholder,
vice-president or president of a bank eligible to member-
ship on Standing Committee of Annual Meeting?' A
year or so later lifting collections on Sunday was settled
by a majority vote taken by the deacons on their annual
visit. Then all the ministers were instructed to lift offer-
ings at each appointment, half to go to the Old People's
Home and half to be divided among the ministers of the
congregation. In the next step the congregation decided
to use the collection of the first Sunday of each month
to defray the expenses of the Sunday-school.

The first indication of a supported ministry appeared
September, 1897, when " Sunday collections are to be
continued by the ministers who are favorable to it and
the same to be distributed amongst themselves and the
Old Folks Home according to rules of distribution."
The next year the congregation had to deal with the
problem of support in a more serious way when two of
the ministers " would not serve without remuneration
and if remunerated would give their whole time to the
work." The problem was too much for the congregation,
for, a couple of following meetings, the committee ap-
pointed to confer with the brethren reported that they

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

failed to do this and finally it was decided " to continue
the committee indefinitely."

In 1892 the congregation instructed its delegates to
oppose the establishing of an Old Folks Home. The
members would not decide if it were right for ministers
of the Brethren to take part in the services of other de-
nominations. The next year when the Home was ex-
plained in council the church not only approved of the
project but offered a property in Shirley sburg for that
purpose. Provision was made for a systematic annual
pastoral visit to be made by the ministers.

Through the efforts of Thomas Cloyd, Roy X. Wilson
and John E. Garver conducting Sunday-school for sev-
eral years in Enyeart's school house at the bridge north
of Rockhill, an opening was made for preaching and
James R. Lane, Robert M. Wakefield, John E. Garver,
Seth and Christian Myers and Samuel A. Norris took
their turn setting forth the Word. In 1904 a revival con-
ducted by William F. Spidle added thirty members,
nearly all heads of families. The next step was a church
house on the outskirts of Rockhill. Building committee :
George Renecker, Thomas O. Cloyd, Howard Norris.
The last named was contractor. On March 11, 1906
William J. Swigart, using for his text, Revelations 22:9,
conducted the dedication of a house 35 x 40 feet, cost-
ing $1,400.00.

Besides the foregoing the congregation had an interest
in Cherry Grove and Meadow Green houses, but in
recent years the brethren have not held meetings at
either place.

During the seventies and eighties the congregation
numbered one hundred and fifty or more. On lovefeast
occasions the large Germany Valley house was not able
to hold the people who gathered. But through the years
that followed the loss of membership by emigration and
deaths was heavy. The membership was scattered over
a large territory, the ministers were so few in number
that all the places of worship could not be supplied regu-
larly and the congregation lost heart. A few faithful
ones, however, did not give up. Dewitt H. Miller, at-
tending Juniata College, took up a week-end pastorate
with them and spent the summer vacation in their midst.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

He served them from June, 1921 to June, 1928 and gath-
ered a number into the fold. In the first week of Sep-
tember, 1923, Alexander M. Stout took up the pastorate,
making his home in Rockhill. During his administration
about fifty members have been added to the fold and the
church has been much revived.

Presiding bishops :

Peter Long 1802 James R. Lane

Andrew Spanogle 1849 Robert M. Wakefield

Abram Funk about 1855 John E. Garver

John S. Gluck Samuel A. Norris 1923

John Spanogle

Ministers :

Christian Long in a printed report (source unknown) says the
congregation was dubbed in the forties " a preacher factory." Tt is
to its credit that the congregation was so wide awake to the needs
of the times as to call so many to the ministry. The list is not con-
sidered complete :

Christian Long 1802

Jacob Lutz 1804

John Hanawalt 1806

Peter Long 1826

Andrew Spanogle 1 827

John King 1827

Andrew Spanogle, Tr 1830

Michael Bollinger 1835

Graybill Myers 1839

Christian Long, Jr 1839

John G. Glock 1842

John Spanogle 1844

Abraham L. Funk 1847

Enoch Eby 1850

George Myers, Sr 1855

James R. Lane 1858

George H. Swayne 1898

Milton H. Wright 1898

Samuel A. Norris 1902

Roy X. Wilson 1902

Deacons: 1802, Daniel Secrist ; 1871, Robert M. Wakefield, Enoch
Lutz, Eli Messimore; 1881, John E. Garver, John Shope; 1892,
Thomas A. Cloyd, John B. Gluck; 1894, Israel N. Querry; 1898.
Albert J. Rohrer, Samuel A. Norris; 1903, William B. Wilson,
Cornelius B. Runk ; 1905, Jacob Gabert, William O. Huntsman;
1910, Matthew Secrist, Chambers H. Morrow; 1915, James G.
Gabert, Eli G. Wakefield; 1916, Jeremiah Messimore; 1919, J. Mon-
roe Secrist; 1920, Esco A. Wilson; 1924, Walter Wakefield, Ira
Hall; October 26, 1924, James Gabert, Norman Booker, David
Runk. Emanuel Boosley, George W. Smith and Joshua Buchanan,
dates unknown.

Peter L. Swayne 1860

Christian Myers 1861

Isaac Book 1869

John B. Garver 1869

Seth W. Myers! 1874

William L. Spanogle 1877

John B. Shope 1879

Thomas Chilcote

Robert M. Wakefield 1882

John E. Garver 1882

David Shope 1882

Walter S. Long 1892

Herbert B. Landis 1894

Bruce J. Mvers 1895

William Wakefield 1895

William F. Spidle 1902

Jesse C. Rupert 1905

David L. Little 1910

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Germany Valley. Just when the Sunday-school started record
fails to reveal. Tradition has it that Peter L. Swayne, as superin-
tendent, started a Sunday-school as early as 1864 in the Sinking
Springs schoolhouse. Eli G. Wakefield writes that from, 1868 to
1870 Peter Swayne was superintendent of a school in Germany
Valley. At a convention held in Spring Run in 1878, John E. Garver
and Archibald S. Van Dyke represented and reported the school as
" Union. Bible questions asked which are very interesting. Use
Brethren's hymn-book." Evidently the school lapsed seriously, for
there is no further report until 1910. Superintendents in the 60's,
Peter L. Swayne; in the 70's, John E. Garver; 1890-'93, Walter S.
Long; , James Smith; 1910, David L. Little; 1911, Eli G. Wake-
field; 1912, George Runk ; 1913, Joseph Snare; 1914-'15, Robert
Morrow; 1916-'22, Eli G. Wakefield; 1923-'24, Ira L. Hall.

Hill Valley (also called Sugar Run). This school was organized
in 1875. At the convention, 1878, represented by John Spanogle and
James R. Lane, this report was made; "Hill Valley school numbers
from 50 to 70. Open and close in the usual way. Use no lesson
papers. Sing from Union Hymn books. Not in favor of picnics.
Has been organized two years." Then, in 1878, William L. Spanogle
and Harry Smelker represented and reported that the school had
been opened " under unfavorable circumstancs, but grew in favor
and interest. Average attendance, 55. Use International Lesson
leaves." At the 1898 convention it reported enrollment 46; in 1904
average attendance, 36 ; five teachers ; raised $8.93, of which $6.50
went to missions and charity work; 12 conversions." Superintend-
ents: 1904, William C. Huntsman; 1905, ; 1906-'07,

John A. Rohrer; 1908, Samuel A. Norris; 1909, John A. Rohrer ;
1910, Jacob Gabert; 1911-'12, David P. Whitsel ; 1913, John G.
Rohrer; 1914-'15, James L. Gabert; 1916, John A. Rohrer; 1917,

L P. Garver; 1918-T9, Jacob Gabert; 1920-'21, Samuel A.

Runk; 1922-'23, James Gabert; 1924, Daniel P. Whitsell.

Rock Hill. The Church of the Brethren Sunday-school was or-
ganized in the Enyearts schoolhouse, near the bridge, outside of
Rock Hill in April, 1904. That year it had an " average attendance
of 50, eight teachers, raised $24.00, of which $10.00 went to missions
and charity work, had twenty-five conversions." Superintendents :
1904-'O9, Howard M. Norris; 1910, Esco A. Wilson; 1911-T2,
Richard D. Whitsel; 1913, Howard M. Norris; 1914, D. E. Pollick ;
1915-T9, Howard M. Norris; 1920, Samuel A. Conner; 1921, Easton
L. Pepple; 1922, Barton Ripple; 1923, Miller Arnold; 1924, Walter
Wakefield.

Beech Run. No records of early history available. John Shope
was prime mover in beginning the work here. Superintendents :
Early 80's, John Shope, George Dell, W. M. Smith, Jacob Querry,
James Q. Dell, David Heck; 1904, George Y. Swayne, Scott Beaty,
David Henneman were among the earlier leaders; 1917, Israel
Querry; 1918, Darby Miller; 1919, Adam Bagshaw ; 1920, G. M.
Querry; 1921-'22, James C. Dell; 1923, George Bumgardner ; 1924,
Albert Dell.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

ARDENHEIM

Present Membership, 60.

" The territory comprising* the Ardenheim Church be-
longed to Aughwick congregation. The early interests
centred about the Sugar Grove Schoolhouse in which the
first services were held and where services have been
kept up with less or more regularity for upwards of one
hundred years. The Ruperts, Numers, Bollingers and
Goodmans from Path Valley, Franklin County, settled
in what is known as the Lick Ridges, probably before
the middle of the last century. Some of them were
members of the Brethren Church. They went to Ger-

Bisiiop and Mrs. William J. Swigart.

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas E. Wood.

many Valley to communion and the brethren from that
congregation would ride horseback ' to the ridges,' some
twenty-five miles and preach in the Sugar Grove school
house, located on Sugar Run, about three miles north-
east of Mill Creek station. Several different school
houses on the same ground served for sanctuary pur-
poses. A saw mill across the road served sometimes for
a sanctuary when the school house was being rebuilt or
repaired. Elders Abram Funk, John Glock, James R.
Lane, the Spanogles and Myerses and others doubtless
preached there from time to time. At first the Brethren
came every sixteen weeks. Then every eight weeks.
The school house would hardly hold the people who came

* To William J. Swigart the reader is indebted for information given herein.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

to hear these men preach. Some who came into the
church were baptized in the Sugar Grove run ; others at
Germany Valley ; and a few of the descendants probably
in the James Creek congregation. All applicants in later
years were baptized at Huntingdon." — William J.
Swigart.

After 1875 these Ridge members began to worship
with the little group forming itself into a church in
Huntingdon and in this manner became part of James
Creek congregation and remained identified with Hunt-
ingdon church, when in 1878 it was organized separately.

Preaching was supplied by ministers from Hunting-
don. Though ably assisted by others, from the begin-
ning William J. Swigart took supervising care. In 1894
he and John B. Brumbaugh, each preaching alternate
evenings, held a revival in the Woodville school house
near Ardenheim station and some half dozen heads of
families united with the church.

At once steps were taken to build a house of worship.
Ardenheim was finally selected. Otis M. Brumbaugh,
engaged as contractor, erected a brick-veneered house
38 x 50 feet, costing
$1,700.00, the amount
being liberally contrib-
uted by those living in
the community and in
Huntingdon. On April
28, 1895, the house was
dedicated, William J.
Swigart preaching.
Text, 1 Kings 8:27.
November 2 following,
the first lovefeast was
held.

Ardenheim congre-
gation was organized
April 25, 1896. Of-
ficers : William J. S'wi- The Ardenheim Church.

gart, bishop ; Bessie

Wood, secretary ; Samuel Eby, treasurer. As treasurer,
Brother Eby not only cared for the funds of the church,
but was a liberal contributor thereto and a devoted sup-

A History of the Church of the Brethren

porter of the work from the day of his baptism, on his
seventieth birthday, till his death, at the age of eighty-six.
Two things are of peculiar interest to Ardenheim, one
of which cannot be duplicated in the Brotherhood.
First, Brother Swigart being identified with Juniata Col-
lege and having the spiritual care of Ardenheim, invited
student ministers and others to preach for him and in
this way through the years some seventy or more dif-
ferent ministers who have since come to more or less
prominence, preached one or more times in this place.
More than one of them can look back to the Sugar Grove
school house or to " Ardenheim where I preached my
first sermon." Second, through the long period of service
William J. Swigart preached over two thousand times
and had the joy of seeing upwards of two hundred unite
with the church.

Deacons: April 25, 1896, Thomas E. Wood, D. Heister Foust,
Charles Rupert, John Long; May 19, 1923, Charles Cisney, Howard
Rupert, Lloyd Strausser, John Knders.

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Sugar Grove. This was a summer Sunday-school started in the
Sugar Grove school house in the late seventies. At the 1898 con-
vention it is reported thus : " enrollment, 44 ; average attendance,
36; raised $5.00 for supplies." In 1904 it was reported as haying 30
on roll and raising $4.68 for supplies. Frank Secrist was its first
superintendent. After him as far as is known were the following :

, John H. Rupert; , Lewis Corbin ; 1904, D. Heister Foust;

1905, ; 1906 to 1915 not reported but these served:

George Rupert, Charles Rupert, Airs. Charles Rupert, Jacob Wood ;
1916, Howard Rupert; 1917, D. Heister Foust; 1918, Samuel E.
Gregory; 1919, D. P. Whitself; not reported further.

Ardenheim. This began in the Woodville school house about
1880 and when the church was built transferred to it. At the con-
vention of 1898 it reported thus: ''enrollment, 76; average, 65;
raised $11.47 for home supplies and $3.14 for missions; conducted
nine months of the year. By 1904 its average dropped to 30 but it
raised $12.50 for supplies and $20.00 for missions.

Superintendents: David Y. Swavne ; , Otis M. Brumbaugh;

1904, David Y. Swavne; 1905-'08, not reported; 1909-?10, William
P. Harley; 1911-'13, Albert M. Robinson; 1914-T5, H. Earl Foust;
1916-T7, Mary Wood; 1918, William J. Swigart; 1919, Lionel Cor-
rigan; 1920-'22, Howard F. Rupert; 1923-'24, John W. Enders.

CHAPTER III

The Clover Creek Congregation

and Its Growth in Blair and

Huntingdon Counties

1780
17!

1820

1840

1860

1880

1900

1920

Clover Creek
Roar.Spg.Ctry

Albright

Roaring Spg.

Fairview

Williamsburg

Smithfield

James Creek

Huntingdon

CLOVER CREEK

Present Membership, 505.

" About 1755 a colony of Brethren entered Morrison's
Cove through Loy's Gap and gradually working- their
way northward settled in the northern borders of the
valley where now Clover Creek and Roaring Spring con-
gregation are located and in Woodock Valley where
James Creek Church is to be found.

" Daniel Ullery, one of these settlers, purchased 169
acres in 1780 where Roaring Spring now stands. He
built a mill which doubtless was the first one in this part
of the country. It was afterwards burnt by the Indians.

" The same year, Jacob Shonefelt, one of the ministers
of this church, purchased 640 acres of land on which is
located the borough of East Sharpsburg. In 1802 he
built the large stone house that is still standing in that
town.

* To John G. Mock the reader is indebted for corrections and information in
the latter part of this sketch.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

1 Another one of the Brethren settlers, John Brum-
baugh, procured a warrant dated March 14, 1765 for
1,500 acres of land on which Martinsburg is built. He
however, did not take possession till September 7, 1792,
when he received a patent or warrantee deed from the
Penns, the owners of the land.

"In 1795 Daniel Ullery sold his 169 acres to his son
John, who the same year purchased 337 additional acres.
These two tracts remained in his possession till 1821,
when by sale they went out of the possession of the
Brethren.

" In 1799 John Brumbaugh sold 700 acres of his 1,500
acre tract to his son-in-law, Daniel Cammerer. It was
his descendants, John and James Cammerer, who built
the house in 1845 which was first used for religious pur-
poses. Here services were held until the brick house on
the opposite side of the street was completed in 1870.

" The next recorded event was in 1823 when Clover
Creek entertained the Annual Meeting on the Isaac
Aletzger farm, half way between Martinsburg and Fred-
ericksburg. For this and the meeting of 1824, according
to the compiled minute book published in 1909, there are
no minutes preserved.

" The first house built exclusively for religious pur-
poses was at Brumbaugh's, now Fredericksburg. The
lot was deeded in 1840 to trustees, Abram Shelly, Henry
Powell and Joel Graybill. This, the first Clover Creek
house was a low one story building 40 x 60 feet with
basement, completed in 1841.

Daniel Liedy donated a plot of ground at the Diehl
Cross Roads on May 14, 1855, to trustees Jacob P. Hoover
and Christian Brumbaugh and the same vear elder
Daniel M. Holsinger built a one-story house, no base-
ment, 35 x 45 feet, costing about $1,000.00.*

" In 1858 it was decided to divide the territory and all
west of Tussey Mountain, now included in Albright,
Roaring Spring, Smithfield, Fairview, Williamsburg and
part of Woodbury was allotted to Clover Creek congre-
gation. George Brumbaugh, Senior, was bishop of the

* Prior to the erection of this church services were held in the home of Isaac
Burget on the farm now owned by Jeremiah B. Hoover, Editor.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

church from the date of the organization till his death,
March 26, 1875.

" The Annual Meeting of 1863 was held on the John
Brumbaugh premises (Gospel Visitor, page 218, 1863).
It was largely attended and the congregation bore all the
expenses. Boarding and lodging were free. The old
church was utilized as a dining hall and the conference
was held in a grove back of the church. Preaching serv-
ices were held in the neighboring barns.

" Missionary, educational, Sunday-school and other
meetings of like nature were then unknown. At the close
of a session the entire congregation, headed by a dozen
or more long-bearded preachers, marched in a drawn
out train toward the dining hall. It was a scene that
made impressions on the minds of the thoughtful that
were abiding.

" The spirit of the meeting was most excellent. The
Civil War was dragging its weary length along and feel-
ings were tender. Many fervent prayers were offered
that the war might cease and the slaves be free. Daniel
P. Saylor, in a public address, gave a very pathetic ac-
count of the devastation of the battle of Antietam and
appealed for money to help some of our people who had
suffered property loss in that fearful conflict. The re-
sponse to his appeal was liberal. The brethren from the
start had strong property holdings and being men of
strong character and sterling worth and the best of
farmers, the church was firmly established." Thus James
A. Sell wrote.

At a council meeting held May 25, 1867, the congrega-
tion decided to keep a record of its proceedings and ap-
pointed Thomas B. Maddocks and Jacob L. Wineland
secretaries.* The record of this meeting carries unusual
interest. " John W. Brumbaugh elected delegate to
Annual Meeting." " John P. Hoover asked to have an
hour's singing before church service. Granted." " John
P. Hoover asked again to open Sunday-school in the
Clover Creek house. Granted. Committee, Thomas B.
Maddocks, John D. Brumbaugh, Jacob L. Wineland, S.
W. Graybill, John H. Dilling and Christian Oaks."

* This book of minutes was made available through the kindness of Andrew B.
Burget. Im seeking to get the true spirit of the churches such a record is of
incalculable value.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

The following year the church decided that a brother
could not serve as school director. Evidently an im-
portant change was made June 2, 1868, when the church
decided " that the supper be placed on the table before
feetwashing." Singing school gave the church some con-
cern and at the fall council of the same year " the case
of the singing school was referred to Annual Meeting
Minutes. They were to teach their term out in the day
time and after this term is done not to have any more
singings. " The pressure for a clean temple in which
the Holy Spirit may dwell was revealed when, on October
13, 1869, it was decided that " brethren should abstain
from the use of tobacco during the time of public wor-
ship and while in the house of God."

Because the Martinsburg house was too small, at a
meeting January 29, 1870, Jacob P. Hoover and John
McGraw were appointed to sell it. The following No-
vember 5 the church decided to erect a new house,
"built of brick, dimensions 38x48, 13 feet in the clear,
four windows on each side, two windows in back end,
two doors in the front end, to be covered with shaved,
joint shingles. The funds for the building to be raised
by taxation to be laid on each member's valuation from
the regular assessment list. Jacob Wineland and Samuel
B. Furry were appointed to levy sufficient for building
the above described house. Jacob P. Hoover, Simon
Snyder and George W. Brumbaugh were appointed
building committee and to furnish the material them-
selves.'' March 4, 1871, the church decided that " a stand
two steps high " should be put in the house and " the
table should be enclosed at the front." The house cost
$1,908.07, the payroll showing the last expenditure made
September 5, 1873.

In 1871 the Cross Roads house was remodeled by clos-
ing the east entrance and making two entrances on the
north end.

Evidently the church at this time placed members in
avoidance, for on April 26, 1873 a query was sent to An-
nual Meeting through District Meeting, asking " whether
a member put in avoidance is in or out of the church."
At this same meeting Conrad Dilling 4 asked permission
to supply the town of Martinsburg with milk and cream

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

on Sunday mornings. Considered to be quite inconsis-
tent with the teachings of God, * Remember the Sabbath
Day to keep it holy.' Consequently not agreed to.'3

Missions early received attention by this congrega-
tion, for at the same meeting as the foregoing " Daniel
M. Holsinger wished an expression of willingness from
this congregation to bear her share of the expenses of
another mission into the state of Maine, provided the
Eastern and Middle districts of Pennsylvania see proper
to send another one there. Unanimously agreed to do
her part of the work."

The following year the church took another advanced
step when they appointed two brethren to audit the
books of the church treasurer.

March 5, 1874, the congregation responded to a call to
build a church house in the northern end of the congre-
gation, just about three miles north of Williamsburg,
now known as the Fairview church. A frame structure
was erected, 38 x 42, the floor plan the same as the Mar-
tinsburg house with the exception of having " some mov-
able seats for small lovefeast occasions. " The house was
let to a contractor but the amount expended is not
known. On Sunday, October 25, 1874, the house was
dedicated as follows : " The services were opened by
singing the 326th hymn, read by S. Hildebrand. Prayer
by H. R. Holsinger. Brother P. S. Myers led in preach-
ing followed by brother Holsinger. Text : Kings 8 :12-30.
... In the evening we again repaired to the church for
worship when it fell to our lot to lead in preaching, fol-
lowed by Geo. Brumbaugh of James Creek." *

The problem of crowd at lovefeast occasions con-
fronted this and other congregations. Clover Creek, in
1875, decided " to extend general invitation for breakfast
and dinner at lovefeasts, the object to avoid confusion.''
Three years later the church dropped meetings the day
following the lovefeast altogether. In 1877 this congre-
gation decided to buy a suit of garments for the admin-
istrator to officiate in baptism.

February 16, 187 8 the congregation decided "to build
a church somewhere near the western mountain in the

* The Weekly Pilgrim, 1874, editorial on page 340. " We " in the quotation
is supposed to be Henry B. Brumbaugh, the editor.

Some Members of the Earlier Clover Cheek Congregation

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

western part of the congregation now known as the Al-
bright house. John W. Brumbaugh and Jacob L. Wine-
land were appointed a committee on location." This
committee selected the " location on Samuel Albright's
farm/5 The brethren of the vicinity were instructed to
draw plans which were submitted and approved. Size
of house 40 x 32 ; $700.00 was raised for this purpose by
levying a per capita tax on the members, — 50 per cent
on the males and 25 per cent on the females. At meet-
ing of the church February 12, 1881, it was definitely de-
cided to rebuild the old Clover Creek house. A. B.
Burget was made treasurer of the funds ; the contract
for erecting the house was given to John H. Dilling and
D. H. Brumbaugh, Isaac B. Burget and George B. Seed-
enberg were to be the building committee. The old
house was taken down and a large one, 43 x 63, with
basement, was erected at a cost of $1,496.98 according
to the minutes of the auditors, J. Stoudnour and Samuel
B. Furry. On October 2, 1881, the new church was dedi-
cated, James Quinter preached on the occasion. *

The following November 12 the congregation decided
to have preaching every other Sunday night at the
church. At this same council this query was disposed of:
" Is it wrong for the members to engage in playing
croquet, checkers, figmill, fox and goose, or any other
amusements that are indulged in for pastime? Thought
to be wrong/'

The " Record of the Faithful ' states that this congre-
gation was organized in 1790 with twenty members ; that
in 1840 the first house was erected ; that in 1881-'82 it
had four houses and a membership of 350. John W.
Brumbaugh was bishop, Daniel M. Holsinger, George
W. Brumbaugh, Jacob L. Wineland, Thomas B. Mad-
dock were in the second and Joseph S. Snowberger in
the first degree of the ministry. f

May 3, 1884 the church " asks District Meeting to use
its influence to organize a Mutual Fire Insurance Com-
pany in the Middle District of Pennsylvania. " At the
same meeting solicitors were appointed to raise funds for

* See Primitive Christian, p. 649, October 25, 1881.

t John G. Mock says Daniel M. Holsinger was elected bishop eight years be-
fore John W. Brumbaugh and that Joseph Snowberger was in the second degree
of the ministry.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

missionary purposes and Andrew B. Burget was ap-
pointed treasurer for said funds. Two years later the
church decided to practice single mode of feet-washing.

Then the Cross Roads house proved inadequate for the
growing work at this place and the congregation decided
to rebuild. Building committee: Thomas B. Maddocks,
Isaac Hoover, Samuel B. Shriver, Andrew B. Miller and
Daniel B. Teeter. The contract was let to Thomas B.
Maddocks. On October 2, 1906, a new frame house.

Henrietta Cross Roads Church.

40x55 feet, without basement, costing $2,300.00 was
dedicated, free of debt. William J. Swigart led the people
in this service.

Though the house in Martinsburg was substantial and
in good repair even after nearly a half century of service,
it was no longer able to meet the increasing demands
both for church and Sunday-school purposes at this place,
and the congregation in 1920 took steps to tear down
and build larger. Building committee : Moses R. Brum-
baugh, Ira Brumbaugh, Henry Brumbaugh, George B.
\\ ineland and James Wineland. The new house is a
splendid edifice of brick, 74.75 x 54 feet, costing
$36,496.26. It contains about all the appointments of a
modern church plant, such as Sunday-school rooms,
basement with kitchen and auditorium, a good gallery,

Upper : The Martinsburg Church, built in 1872.
Low Eli: The Memorial Church, in Martinsburg, built in 1922.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

r ■■■■ i ii i ■

electric light and vapor-vacuum heat. On February 26,
1922, it was dedicated, Milton C. Swigart of Germantown
(Pa.) leading the concourse of eight hundred people in
their devotions on dedication day.

Ministers in Clover Creek :

(It is to be regretted that the list cannot be made more complete.)

John (Honnas) Martin

Daniel (Paulus) Paul

George Brumbaugh

Christian Hoover

Jacob Shenefelt 1793

John Hoover 1820

George Brumbaugh 1820

John Clapper.

George Brumbaugh, Sr....l832

Isaac B. Brumbaugh 1832

John Soyster 1832

Daniel M. Holsinger 1841

John W. Brumbaugh 1849

George W. Brumbaugh 1855

Samuel A. Moore 1865

Jacob Wineland 1867

Christian Holsinger 1867

* Elected, but becar.se of failing health soon after, not installed.

Deacons :

(It is much to be regretted that the list of deacons is not more

complete.) 1841, Abram Shelly; , George Smith, Joseph D.

Snowberger, John D. Brumbaugh, Christian Brumbaugh, Shem
Graybill, James Camerer, Andrew B. Burget ; 1872, David B. Burget,
Samuel B. Furry, David Bechtel ; 1884, John H. Stoudenour, Levi
Shriver, Samuel Albright, Isaac B. Burget; 1885, William Spidle;
1887, John B. Burget, William H. Brumbaugh, Andrew Miller;
1892, Albert O. Dilling; 1901, James Wineland, John G. Mock,
James A. Crawford ; Levi H. Brumbaugh ; , William C. Hunts-
man, Herman Sollenberger, Jacob B. Eversole, Frank Russel, Jere-
miah Hoover, Ira Grubb (elected, but not installed), Eli Smith,
John H. Dilling, Andrew Bechtel, Joseph Holsinger, Jeremiah
Klepser, Jonathan Snowberger, Samuel Albright, Joseph Long,
Jacob Galley, Henry D. Brumbaugh, Archie Brumbaugh, Frank
Metzger.

i Joseph D. Snowberger 1868

1 Thomas B. Maddocks 1868

Andrew B. Burget 1884

John R. Stayer 1887

Josiah B. Brumbaugh 1893

Alonzo L. Simmons 1898

Frederic R. Zook 1905

Moses R. Brumbaugh 1909

* Joseph C. Frederick 1909

Levi B. Hoover 1910

Isaac B. Kensinger 1913

Emery T. Huntsman 1913

Jonas Baker 1917

John H. Bashore

Orville V. Long

Seth F. Myers

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

Clover Creek, — now Frederic. " On Sunday, May 28, 1865, the
brethren met at Fredericksburg school house for the purpose of
organizing a Sabbath-school. . . . After hearing all the testament
classes, we adjourned to meet at same place on June 4 at 3 o'clock.
All present well-pleased with the proceedings. . . . June 4, house
called to order by committee. School opened by singing and prayer

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

by D. M. Holsinger. . . . The exercises were closed with singing
and prayer by John B. Brumbaugh after which a subscription of
$35.00 was taken to purchase a library." * In October 31 issue fol-
lowing, is found Samuel A. Moore's report for the summer as fol-
lows: " First term, May 28 concluded October 22. Total verses
recited, 6,464; total verses committed, 2,670. The above only shows
the report of two male and two female classes j in a word those that
read the Testament. We have four smaller classes of males and
females, for which we use McGuffey's speller and First Reader."
The school did not represent at the 1875 convention and record
shows that Samuel B. Furry represented the school at the 1877
convention as opening in 1877. Whether this means the school
moved into the church in 1877 or another school was started is not
stated. Another record of the Primitive Christian and Pilgrim,
page 333, is worthy of place here. It is dated May 13, 1879.

" Dear Brethren, — Our school was organized on the 16th of Sep-
tember, 1878, and opened on the 29th of the same month. Our
winter term consisted of 27 sessions. Closed April 27, 1879. — Aver-
age attendance of scholars and teachers, 86. Number of scripture
verses committed by the scholars, 5,145. We anticipate a very
pleasant school this summer, and we much desire the brethren and
sisters to visit our school and give a word of encouragement.

A. B. BurgeX Superintendent.

S. S. Rhodes, Assistant Superintendent.

Wm. H. Brumbaugh, Secretary.

At the 1898 convention this school reported enrollment, 72; aver-
age, 58; raised $25.00 for supplies; "evergreen." In 1904 it re-
ported average, 40; six teachers; raised $26.00; gave $20.00 to mis-
sions. The school had had teacher training class during 1911 -'16
and 1918-'19 with a total enrollment of 52.

Superintendents: 1865, Thomas B. Maddocks ; till 1904, among
those serving, Henry R. Holsinger, Andrew B. Burget, Josiah B.
Brumbaugh, William Spidle, William H. Brumbaugh, William C.
Huntsman, Albert O. Dilling; 1904, Joseph C. Frederick; 1905, un-
known; 1906-'08, William C. Huntsman; 1909, Herman Sollen-
berger; 1910-'ll, William C. Huntsman; 1912-'13, Emory F. Hunts-
man; 1914-'16, Isaac B. Kensinger; 1917 -'18, Herman E. Sollen-
berger; 1919-'23, Archibald Brumbaugh; 1924, Jonas D. Baker.

Cross Roads. This school, union for a number of years, and or-
ganized in June, 1854, antedates all other Sunday-schools in the
District. From the original class record this information is gath-
ered : James Miller was teacher of Class number 5 and Adam Bur-
get, David Goughnour, Abraham Frederick, Jacob Coffman and
John Glass appears as the pupils. Isaac Burget joined the class in
July. Martin and John Hoover, Samuel and Levi Viters were added
in September. The school closed in November. Evidently John
Webb took the class next year and the school began in April. Then
Ephraim Stonerook succeeded as teacher. All this record is well

* S. A. Moore on page 191, Christian Family Companion, 1865, published by
H. R. Holsinger, Tyrone, Pa.

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in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

kept in a " Pass-Book." In 1855 some unknown teacher was more
thorough, for he used the American Sunday-school Union's Class
Record at the beginning of which is found the following:

Questions for the Self-Examination of a Sunday-school teacher.

Upon his leaving the school-room.

1. Have I this day particularly prayed for a blessing- on my
labors in the school? 2. Have I done my utmost this day to show
an example of early and punctual attendance?

3. Have the hours I have been in the school this day been fully
occupied in my duties as a teacher? 4. Have I this day spoken
pointedly and individually to one or more of the scholars of my
class respecting the salvation of their souls?

5. If I never again enter these walls, am I clear in the sight of
Him who knoweth all things, from neglect of duty towards any
child in my class who may perish in sin ? 6. Do I leave the school
in peace with all my fellow-laborers?

Following these searching questions are elaborate directions cov-
ering three pages showing how to use this record.

The records of individual classes are preserved. The earliest in-
formation as to officers is Jacob K. Brown, secretary in 1879. Then
in 1881 John Zook was superintendent. In 1888 the school raised
$3.78 and paid out $1.20 for supplies. In 1903, gathered from the
minutes, dated March 2, Moses R. Brumbaugh was elected superin-
tendent, Samuel S. Rhodes, secretary, Sadie Zuck, treasurer, Frank
Shuman, chorister. The first report to the District that is recorded
occurs in 1906; enrollment, 120; average attendance, 60; six teach-
ers; $33.00 raised and $10.00 given to missions. The school became
"evergreen" in 1908.

Superintendents: 1879, John Zook; 1882-4, ; 1885,

Samuel S. Rhodes; 1885, David S. Burget; 1887, Simon Snyder;
1888, John B. Miller; 1889, Simon Snyder; 1890, Samuel Rhodes;
1891, Joseph C. Frederick; 1892, Samuel S. Rhodes; 1893-99, un-
known, but Samuel Furry and Daniel Diehl served some time in
this period; 1900, Moses R. Brumbaugh; 1901-2, Samuel S. Rhodes;
1903-08, Moses R. Brumbaugh; 1909, Alonzo L. Simmons; 1910-12,
Andrew B. Miller; 1913, Alonzo L. Simmons; 1914-19, Levi B.
Hoover; 1920-23, Alonzo L. Simmons; 1924, Levi B. Hoover.

Martinsburg. The Sunday-school was first started in Martins-
burg in May, 1866, but the first available record is the report made
by Jesse Emmert for 1901 to the district meeting at New Enter-
prise, April, 1902. Enrollment, 80; average attendance, 40; six
teachers ; $432.59 raised ; " evergreen." The school has had a teacher
training class during 1911-12 and 1917.

Superintendents: 1886-89, William F. Spidle; part of 1889, Harrv
O. Dilling; 1890, John G. Mock; 1891, Albert O. Dilling; 1892,
Moses R. Brumbaugh; 1894, John G. Mock; 1895-8, Albert O. Dill-
ing; 1898, John H. Brumbaugh; 1899, John A. Brumbaugh; 1900
John G. Mock; 1901, James Wineland ; 1902, Andrew Brumbaugh

1903, John G. Mock; 1904, Frederic R. Zook; 1905,

1906, John G. Mock; 1907-8, Nelson Guyer; 1909, Jacob Galley
1910-11, John G. Mock; 1912, James W. Hershberger ; 1913, John
G. Mock; 1914-15, Jacob M. Dilling; 1916-17, James H. Crofford;

A History of the Church of the Brethren

1918-21, George B. Wineland; 1922, George E. Replogle: 1923-24,
George B. Wineland.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

Clover Creek. The society in the Clover Creek house was first
organized May 28, 1912, in the home of Mrs. Isaac B. Kensinger.
The following are charter members : Mrs. Sarah Baker, Mrs. John
Burget, Mrs. Thomas Snowberger, Mrs. Calvin B. Burget, Mrs.
Isaac B. Kensinger, Ida Dilling, Susie B. Baker, Sophia Rascher,
Susie D. Baker, Mary E. Burget, Susie V. Berget, Mrs. Jacob Eber-
sole, Mrs. Irvin Dilling, Mrs. Catharine Baker.

The organization was as follows: Mrs. Sarah Baker, president;
Susie B. Baker, secretary; Ida Dilling, treasurer.

Presidents 1912, Mrs. Sarah Baker; 1913, Ida Dilling; 1914-17,
Mrs. Sarah Baker; 1917-19, Mrs. Calvin B. Burget; 1910-23, Mrs.
Harvey Frye ; 1923-25, Mrs. Joseph Gates.

The society's work consisted of piecing and quilting quilts, mak-
ing comforts, prayer coverings, garments, bonnets, selling vanilla
and brushes. The records have been carefully kept from the be-
ginning and the total shows receipts $603.82. Of the amount ex-
pended, $10.00 went to Child Rescue Work, Martinsburg; $60.00 to
Foreign Missions; $20.00 to Home Missions; $5.00 to Italian
Missions.

Martinsburg Aid Society was first organized in the home of Mrs.
Sarah Brumbaugh, in 1890. The following members were present:
Mrs. Catherine Snyder, Mrs. Sarah Metzker, Mrs. Edna Brumbaugh,
Mrs. Sarah Brumbaugh, Sarah Snyder, Mrs. Nancy Snyder Ware-
ham, Ruth Brumbaugh, and Susie Brumbaugh. The organization
was as follows: Mrs. Sarah Metzker, president; Mrs. Edna Brum-
baugh, secretary; Mrs. Sarah Brumbaugh, treasurer.

Presidents: 1890-92, Mrs. Sarah Metzker; , Mrs. Jacob Galley;

, Mrs. Sarah Metzker; , Mrs. Jacob Brown; 1914-15, Mrs.

Alice Davis; 1916-20, unknown; 1921-22, Mrs. Leonard Holsinger ;
1923-24, Mrs. John H. Kensinger; 1925, Mrs. Charles B. Smith.

Since the erection of the Memorial house the sisters have a suit-
able room in the church for their meetings. In general, the results
of their endeavors are as follows :

1922— Carpet, and pupil furniture, $491.00.

1923— Building Fund, $500.00; Industrial Home in Virginia, $10.00;
Missionary Home, Huntingdon, $10.00; Sewing machine, $15.00;
Russian Relief, $4.00.

1924— Building Fund, $100.00; Electric Sweeper, $55.00; Industrial
Home, Va., $10.00; Mrs. A. B. Miller, $10.00.

1925— Building Fund, $100.00.

ROARING SPRING (Country)*

From 1898 to 1911 all the territory lying west of a
" straight line from the Oak Grove school house to the

* To James A. Sell and H. Atlee Brumbaugh the reader is indebted for much
of the information in this sketch.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Rice lane, thence direct to the mountain," all in Blair
County, was included under the name " Roaring- Spring."
" Early history centres around the big spring which,
because of its peculiar noise at one time, took the name
* Roaring Spring/ Such common names as Neff, Ullery,
Hoover, Martin and Brumbaugh are found in these early
records.

" The record of the conveyance of the present site of
Roaring Spring is of interest. December 22, 1766, a war-

rant for what was called the " Mill Seat Land " was
issued to Edward Sanders. Fourteen years later, on
March 16, 1789, he deeded this same tract to Daniel
Ullery, a member of the Church of the Brethren. Near
the spring he built the first grist mill in this part of the
country but it was soon burned down by the Indians.
He rebuilt at once for a mill was a community necessity
and again it was burned. June 2, 1781, Daniel Ullery
sold his entire belongings to his son John. Evidently
he increased his belongings, for in 1821 John sold his
possessions, comprising 300 acres and by this transaction
the tract included now in the borough passed out of the
hands of the Brethren."

" The membership of the church through this transfer
and others about this time, was somewhat decreased.
The few who remained held services regularly either in
their homes or in school houses as soon as they were
built. The Dick school house, built about 1830, the
Walter school house on Halter Creek built about 1860

A History of the Church of the Brethren

and the one at Sharpsburg all served as a place of wor-
ship until 1877." — James A. Sell.

Then the Clover Creek congregation erected what is
now known as the Albright house, just a short distance
out of Roaring Spring. Samuel B. Albright donated the

ground for the church and
cemetery, as well as helped
liberallv. This was all done
under the aggressive admin-
istration of John W. Brum-
baugh, the bishop of the con-

yy/yryyyysy.yy ::■■■■■. y?yyy.-y.\yy-;,- ■■■ ■: ' ■. '■■ ■■-"■ ■:'■: :

gregation.

Samuel B. Albright and wife.

The new church house gave
a decided impulse to the re-
ligious work. Just about this
time, due to the splendid paper
mills located in the town, the
population grew rapidly.
Members came with this influx
until a goodly number were residing in the town itself.
Clover Creek, the parent congregation, granted per-
mission for a separate organization of the Roaring Spring
territory on May 1, 1898. On May 14 following, by the
aid of a committee of bishops James A. Sell, John W.
Brumbaugh and Thomas Maddocks, this organization
was effected.

In this new congregation John R. Stayer was the only
minister. Lewis Hoover was chosen secretary, Daniel
S. Replogle, church correspondent, and Thomas B. Mad-
docks, treasurer. Total membership in the organization
about 135. Because there was no resident elder Clover
Creek continued the oversight but the main responsi-
bility rested on Thomas B. Maddocks.

May 10, 1900, William N. Hoover and Alfred J. Pollard
were elected first trustees, and on November 15, 1902, the
congregation received $256.77 as its share of a legacy
from Sister Hannah Graybill, willed to Clover Creek be-
fore the division.

Inasmuch as all the home ministers had removed to
other fields the church decided to call a pastor. On
July 20, 1907, Arvil V. Long, living at Martinsburg, ac-
cepted the call and served the congregation till 1911.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

THE CHURCH HOUSE IN ROARING SPRING

The Sisters Aid Society in the borough organized and
then decided to raise money to buy a location for a
church house in Roaring Spring. Jacob M. R. Strayer
made the first cash donation to purchase goods to be
made up for sale. Money was accumulating but a suit-
able location was not agreed upon. Daniel B. Maddocks
and Levi S. Rhodes advised Elmer Snowberger to buy
the present church site and hold it in his name for the
prospective house. The site was offered to the church
in regular session for the purchase price but was de-
clined. Then the Aid Society, having funds on hand,
appointed William Hoover and Elmer Snowberger as
trustees, to hold the property in its name. At once Levi
S. Rhodes gave $10.00, the first contribution ; many other
members contributed liberallv and soon the ground was
paid for. This done the Aid Society presented the plot
of ground to the church. At a member's meeting in the
Albright house on February 12, 1910, the congregation
decided that those living within the borough limits
should go ahead and build. They appointed George W.
Replogle, who headed the subscription list with $1,000.00,
Jonathan Snowberger and William E. Hoover, building
committee. A modern up-to-date structure 62 x 66 feet,
heated by steam, lighted by electricity, with suitable
Sunday-school rooms, costing $9,000.00 was completed.
Dedication was on October 30, 1910, Charles C. Ellis
leading the worshippers in their meditations.

Preceding the dedication on October 12, the congrega-
tion met in council with James A. Sell presiding. One
week's meetings were to be held following the dedica-
tion and a lovefeast on November 6. Then on the 24th
in special council when Orville V. Long was presiding,
the " Sunday-school was organized, to be continued in
the new church. Thus the new church anticipates the
growth and prosperity of two Sunday-schools. The Sun-
day-school in the old church is being superintended by
Harry H. Rascher, with Andrew Albright as secretary.
H. Atlee Brumbaugh is superintendent of the new or-
ganization with sister Elva Clapper as secretary/' *

* Elizabeth Barnett's report in Gospel Messenger, November 12, 1910, page 733.

Pastors Who Have Served the Roaring Spring Congregation Since

Its Organization.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

The two separate places of worship, though close to-
gether, created a desire to separate the town and country
congregations. In the presence of Tobias T. Myers,
David A. Stayer and Levi F. Holsinger this was accomp-
lished February 4, 1911. The country group took the
name Albright while the town members accepted the old
name Roaring Spring. There was no dividing line estab-
lished, but each member was permitted to hold member-
ship where he or she preferred.

Ministers elected :

William N. Hoover 1900 David M. Adams 1904

Daniel B. Maddocks 1900

Deacons elected: 1892, Joseph P. Long, Samuel R. Albright; 1898,
Blair Hoover; 1900', Elmer Snowberger, David M. Adams; 1902,
Levi S. Rhodes; 1906, Harry H. Rascher, Charles Miller; 1910,
Uriah T. Ttuckey, David O. Miller, William E. Hoover.

The following deacons were elected elsewhere and lived in this
congregation : George W. Replogle, H. Atlee Brumbaugh, Daniel S.
Replogle, Jonathan Snowberger, Matthew W. Sell, Lewis R. Hoover,
John W. Brumbaugh, Jr., Michael W. Refiner.

ROARING SPRING (City)

Present Membership, 258.

The beginning of the church within the borough limits
including the erection of the house of worship is found
under Roaring Spring, Country. Evidently, there was
no formal organization after the separation of territory,
but the officers of the congregation appointed October
12, 1910, simply continued. They were as follows:
James A. Sell, bishop ; Orville V. Long, pastor ; Elmer
Snowberger, secretary; George W. Replogle, treasurer.

The following were deacons at the time of the organization :
Levi S. Rhodes, George W. Replogle, Jonathan H. Snowberger,
David O. Miller, Elmer Snowberger, William E. Hoover, H. Atlee
Brumbaugh, Uriah T. Stuckey and Daniel S. Replogle. Besides
there were about sixty lay-members.

In 1918 the congregation purchased a parsonage just back of the
church.

The following have served as bishops of the congregation for a
short or longer time : James A. Sell, Orville V. Long, David D. Sell,
Tobias T. Myers, Albert G. Crosswhite, Mahlon Weaver, Walter S.
Long and David T. Detwiler.

Some Members of the Roaring Spring Church.
(Read Mrs. instead of Mr. before Mr. U. T. Stuckey's name.)

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

Pastors and date each began :

Orville V. Long 1910

Ross Murphv 1911

Albert G. Cross white 1913

Mahlon J. Weaver 1918

Leonard L. Holsinger 1921

Arthur C. Miller 1922

Deacons elected: Fall of 1922, Blair G. Snyder, Ross R. Berk-
himer, Homer S. Guyer, Daniel G. Replogle.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The members met in special council October 24, 1910, to organize
the Sunday-school to begin the Sunday after the dedication.

Ross Murphy's Sunday-school Class.

H. Atlee Brumbaugh, superintendent; Elva Clapper, secretary;
David O. Miller, treasurer; H. Atlee Brumbaugh, chorister.

The school has been " evergreen " from the beginning and with
the other schools of the town succeeded in getting 92% of the entire
population enlisted in Sunday-school work during 1922. The school
has had teacher training classes during the years 1912 (22), 1913
(22), 1914 (9), 1915 (6), 1917 (5), 1918 (6), 1919 (none), 1920
(13), 1921 (5), 1922, 1923 (7), 1924.

Superintendents: 1910, H. Atlee Brumbaugh; 1911-14, Clara (nee
Replogle) Furry; 1915, D. Grover Replogle; 1916, Abram B. Rep-
logle; 1917 and continues, D. Grover Replogle.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Aid Society was organized May 6, 1903, by electing Susan
Replogle, president; Nancey Brumbaugh, secretary; and Catharine
Snowberger, treasurer. The charter members in addition to the

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

officers were Lottie Hoover, Lizzie Barnett, Mary Stayer, Teressa
Albright, Junie Maddocks, Adaline Massic, and Hannah Metzger.

Their first main accomplishment was the raising of $500.00 to pay
for the lot on which the church house now stands. In addition the
sisters have made contributions as follows :

They carpeted the church and Sunday-school rooms ; paid $325.00
on parsonage ; bought and paid for all the dishes and linens needed
for the church at one time, $85.00 ; on pastor's salary, at different
times, $25.00 each.

In this connection it should be stated that the first carpet for the
Sunday-school room, linoleum for the Aid Society room and the
kitchen, as well as the pulpit Bible, were donated by Elmer and
Catherine Snowberger ; the pulpit chairs were given by Orville V.
Long; George Replogle paid for the pulpit stand and willed $200.00
to the church which since his decease has been received and applied
as directed.

ALBRIGHT*

Present Membership, 160.

In 1878 there were enough members living in the
vicinity of the town of Roaring Spring to justify the
Clover Creek congregation in helping to build them a
church house. This was located on the Samuel Albright
farm, just a short distance from the borough limits. The
membership increased and on May 14, 1898, they were
organized into a congregation and took the name of
Roaring Spring.f Religious activity centered for a num-
ber of years at what is called the Albright house. By
mutual agreement the new group retained the old name
and the old centre took the new name " Albright." To
avoid confusion the early history of the membership in
the vicinity of Roaring Spring appears under that name.

It was mutually agreed between these two congrega-
tions that since a boundary line would be difficult to es-
tablish permission would be given all members to be-
come part of either organization as they themselves
elected. About sixty members stayed with the Albright
church.

May 13, 1911, a members' meeting was called at the

* To Jacob Kinsel the reader is indebted for much of the information given in
this sketch.

f District Meeting Minutes for 1899 are not available, but the new congrega-
tion is recorded as representing in 1900 under the name Roaring Spring.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Albright house for the purpose of organization. James
A. Sell presided. James Brumbaugh was chosen elder
and minister. John T. Johnston, secretary and Harry
H. Rasher, treasurer. The new congregation had a total
membership of 62.

Charles Garber, a minister of the River Brethren
Church, was received into membership in 1916 and given
permission to continue his ministry.

The; Albright Church of Today.

The congregation decided on June 11, 1919, to repair
and remodel its house of worship. Committee in charge
of the whole project, Peter Garber, Irvin H. Dick, John
T. Johnston, Charles Feather and George W. Helsel.
Considerable improvement was made when the funds
gave out and the work ceased. In 1922 Jacob Kinsel,
the pastor, put on a vigorous campaign and raised $1,550
to finish remodeling and paying off the accumulated debt
at the time work stopped. The house is now brick-cased,
electric lighted, good basement and facilities for Sunday-
school work, the total cost of the improvement being
about $3,700.00. Rededication occurred on September 30,
1923, conducted by Galen B. Royer. Text, Psalms 122.

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

Presiding elders :

James Brumbaugh May 13, 1911

David Adams May 2,1914

John B. Miller March 9, 1918

Moses R. Brumbaugh Dec. — , 1919

Ministers who have labored here : Harry D. Rasher, elected
May 4, 1912; 1916-'21, Charles Garber ; 1919-'21, Homer Benton;
March, 1921, continues Jacob Kinsel.

Deacons: 1911, Josiah Treese; Mav 13, 1913, Harry H. Rasher.
Charles O. Miller, Michael W. Reffner; August 18, 1913, Henry
Dick, Scott Johnson; December 11, 1912, Charles Feather, Irvin
Dick, Thomas Oldham, Edward Wentz.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

There is a large probability that Sunday-school was conducted a
few years in the school house where the members worshiped before
the church was erected. Hence one may safely conclude that as
soon as the new church was occupied, Sunday-school began.

An " evergreen " school, average attendance 50, was reported for
1894 to the District Meeting of 1895. May 1, 1898, Roaring Spring
(Country) congregation was organized, and at the convention that
year reported as follows: Enrollment, 71; average, 57; raised $37.19,
of which $1.96 went to missions and charity; 4 conversions; " ever-
green." In 1904 the school had grown decidedly for it reported
average attendance, 75, 7 teachers, raised $70.21, of which $39.50
went to missions and charity. Then after the division of territory
on August 5, 1911, under the name Albright, the Sunday-school was
organized by electing Harry H. Rasher, superintendent ' Andrew
Albright, secretary, and Esther Smith, treasurer. It had teacher
training class during 1922-'24, with a total enrollment of 12. Aver-
age attendance for 1912, was 55.

Superintendents: 1879-1907, Samuel R. Albright; 1906-'10, Harry
H. Rasher; 1912, Michael W. Reffner; 1913-'16, Mrs. Esther Smith;
1917-'23, Charles L. Feather; 1924, John Johnson.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Society was organized in the church in September, 1913.
Members present: Esther Smith, Ellen Miller, Leah Dick, Lilah
Johnson, Jane Burket, Catherine Feather, Lydia Burket. Clara
Davis, Minnie McNalley, Mrs. Joseph Treese. Organization :
Esther Smith, president; Leah Dick, secretary; Ellen Miller, treas-
urer. Later Ellen Miller became president and continued until she
moved from the congregation, after which the Society ceased to
function. It was reorganized on July 19, 1923. Officers: Lilah
Johnson, president ; Catherine Feather, secretary ; Sue Johnson, as-
sistant secretary ; Hattie Adams, treasurer.

The new society gave $78.00 to help remodel the church.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

FAIRVIEW*

Present Membership, 145.

Among" the people residing in the valley some distance
north of the Clover Creek Church in the days before any
preaching was done by the Brethren, were the following
members : EH and Eva Smith, Adam and Sara Smith,
George and Jane Smith, Abram and Elizabeth Shelly,
Philip and Mary Shelly, Mrs. Barbara Shelly, Joseph S.
Snowberger and David S. Bechtel. Naturally enough, in
order to hear the 'Word of Life nearer home these mem-
bers sought to have preaching" in the neighborhood and
at irregular intervals, beginning about 1864, George
Brumbaugh and Daniel Holsinger from Clover Creek
and Graybill Myers and James A. Sell from Duncansville
congregations preached for these scattered members,
usually on Saturday evenings at Dean's, Sunday morn-
ing at Snively's and in the afternoon at Ditch's school-
houses.

In 1868 Joseph S. Snowberger was elected to the min-
istry and became the first resident minister and later the
first bishop in the territory.

The activity of these members, their interest and ap-
preciation in religious things and their petition, October
12, 1873, led the Clover Creek congregation to decide
March 5, 1874, to build a frame house, 38 x 42 feet, now
known as the Fairview house. Philip Shelly and David
Bechtel were elected trustees ; Joseph Snowberger, treas-
urer; the building was let by contract. Henry R. Hol-
singer preached the dedication sermon.

The new church gave the assurance of permanence as
well as provided a centre around which the members
could work. Sunday-school was started in 1885 and
steadily increased until the demand for a larger church
was imperative. Further, the house was not arranged
for lovefeast occasions and this was greatly desired.
Hence in 1890 an annex, 20 x 35 feet, was built to the
church.

About sixty members lived in the territory now known

* To Jacob B. Snowberger the reader is indebted for some of the information
in. this sketch.

Fairview Church. Upper, old house as it was in 1890 ; lower, remodeled house.
Reading- at top and from left : Mr. and Mrs. William H. Holsinger ; Ernest A.
Brumbaugh. Next below : Mr. and Mrs. Grover L. Wine ; Mr. and Mrs. Galen
B. Royer ; Andrew J. Detwiler, Virgil C. Holsinger, and Quinter A. Showalter.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

as Fairview, but they were still a part of the Clover
Creek congregation. The mother church cheerfully con-
sented to their organizing themselves separately and on
September 26, 1891, this was done. John W. Brumbaugh
was chosen bishop, Jacob B. Snowberger, secretary, and
Daniel Shelly treasurer. The bounds of the congregation
were fixed as follows : The Smithfield and Beavertown
road on the south, Tussey mountain on the east, Terrace
Mountain on the west, and no limits to the north save
where Warrior's Mark congregation would want to draw
the line.

The congregation started (April 28, 1894) " a penny
fund for the benefit of the church and missionary cause,
said money to be paid to the deacons on their annual
visit/' Two years later (February 29, 1896) it was " de-
cided not to use lesson leaves in the school." This, how-
ever, was reversed at the next meeting, May 16, and in
addition " privilege to organize a Union School and using
Union leaflets at Smithfield " was granted. The same
year " unfermented wine, if it could be bought" was
ordered for communion occasions.

Smithfield and Williamsburg congregations are chil-
dren of Fairview and when they organized to themselves
the former, receiving permission on January 8, 1917, took
twenty-nine members and the latter, getting permission
on February 24, 1917, took seventy-eight, leaving 147
members to the parent church.

During the years 1918-1919 William H. Holsinger
served the three groups of members, — Fairview, Smith-
field and Williamsburg jointly as pastor. Fairview took
an advanced step however, when on October 30, 1920,
she engaged Grover L. Wine for a week-end pastorate
while attending Juniata College. His services proved
very helpful to the congregation. November 19, 1922,
Galen B. Royer accepted the pastorate for week-end
service, and continued until January 1, 1925. At this
date Ernest A. Brumbaugh was given the oversight of
the congregation.

True to her ever aggressive spirit and feeling the need
of a house suited to modern Sunday-school work the
church, during the summer of 1921, through Ernest A.
Brumbaugh, Jacob B. Snowberger, John Shelly, Henry

Reading from top and left : Mr. and Mrs. John R. Bashor ; Mr. and Mrs. Daniel
Shelly ; Mr. and Mrs. Andrew S. Bechtel ; Mr. and Mrs. David Shelly ; Mr. and
Mrs/ Jacob Snowberger ; Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Sollenberger ; Mr. and Mrs.
Martin H. Brumbaugh ; Mr. and Mrs. Darby Miller, Mr. and Mrs. Ephraim Sol-
lenberger; 11. F. Smith; Howard Brumbaugh; Mrs. G. Quinter Showaltpr.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Baumgardner and Homer Bechtel as building committee,
raised the house fifty-four inches, completely remodeled
the inside and installed an up-to-date heating plant at a
cost of $5,300.00. On January 1, 1922 Dr. Charles C. Ellis
spoke on the occasion of the dedication.

Bishops having oversight :

John W. Brumbaugh September 26, 1891

Joseph S. Snowberger May 14, 1894

George W. Brumbaugh May 25, 1901

James A. Sell 1903

William H. Holsinger May 30, 1908

Tobias T. Myers

Galen B. Royer February 24, 1923

Ernest A. Brumbaugh January 1, 1925

Ministers elected :

John H. Brumbaugh May 14, 1894

Andrew J. Detwiler June 10, 1900

William H. Holsinger May 21, 1904

Ernest A. Brumbaugh August 29, 1914

Clarence Smith August 29, 1914

Elmer Shadle .August 29, 1914

Quinter A. Showalter May 11, 1924

Deacons : Before organization, living in the territory : George
Smith, Abraham Shelly, Joseph S. Snowberger, David S. Bechtel,
Adam Smith, Andrew S. Bechtel and Joseph H. Holsinger; 1891,
James Saylor; April 29, 1892, Jacob B. Snowberger, Daniel Shelly;
Aug. 30, 1895, Andrew S. Sollenberger; May 25, 1901, Isaac Snare;
Martin H. Brumbaugh ; May 30', 1908, Joseph S. Sollenberger ;
May 11, 1924, Ephriam Sollenberger, Howard Brumbaugh, Homer
Bechtel.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The Sunday-school first organized in the Fairview territory dates
back to 1885 when Joseph S. Snowberger was elected superintend-
ent. For a few years, only summer sessions were held and then the
school became " evergreen." In 1904 the school reported 150 en-
rolled ; average, 71 ; 9 teachers ; raised $85.23, of which $27.49 was
given to missions and charity. During 1912-'19 the school main-
tained a front line standard ; had teacher training classes during
1909-'18 and 1918 with a total enrollment of 54.

Superintendents : as far as known : April 16, 1893, Joseph S.
Snowberger; 1894-'97, Andrew S. Bechtel; 1898-'00, Jacob B. Snow-
berger; 1901-'02, Andrew J. Detwiler; 1903-'04, Jacob B. Snow-
berger; 1905-'06, William H. Holsinger; 1907-'09, Joseph S. Sol-
lenberger; 1910, Martin H. Brumbaugh; 1911-'12, Joseph S.
Sollenberger; 1913, John Perrin ; 1914-'16, Jacob S. Sollenberger;
1917, Sannie F. Shelly; 1919-'24, Ernest A. Brumbaugh.

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Aid Society was organized April 13, 1910, in the church by
electing these officers : Sarah Shelly, president ; Sannie Shelly, sec-
retary; Minnie Snare, treasurer.

The charter members were : Cora Holsinger, Sannie Shelly, Min-

■

lliliiP*

Fair view Sisters' Aid Society.

Reading from left : Mrs. Eyhriam Sollenberger ; Mrs. Michael Detwiler ;
Viola Brumbaugh ; Mrs. Frank Imler ; Mrs. Isaac Showalter ;

Mrs. Sarah Shelly.

nie Snare, Julia Shelly, Flora Shelly Berkley, Maggie Brumbaugh,
Kate Bechtel, Julia Bechtel, Harriet Detwiler, Nora Detwiler, Erni
Snowberger Imler, Rosie Showalter, Anna Shock and Sarah Shelly.

Their first regular meeting was held in the home of Mrs. Sarah
Shelly.

Their help consists for the most part in the following items :

Foreign Missionary Work $54.00'

Home Missionary Work 693.15

Eight boxes were sent, valued at about 10.00

On hand 40.00

102

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

WILLIAMSBURG*

Present Membership, 160.

Because of a number of members and brethren's chil-
dren had moved into Williamsburg, it became more and
more apparent that a church should be built in the
borough. This conviction was greatly strengthened
when Samuel S. Bottomfield, most friendly to the church,
donated in part a good lot for a building site. In fact
this brought the issue of a house to the climax and the
Fairview congregation appointed Joseph S. Bechtel,
Joseph S. Sollenberger, Emory Brumbaugh, Frank P.
Detwiler, Jacob B. Snowberger as a building committee.
A splendid brick-veneered building, 44 x 58 feet, costing
when completed $6,000.00 was erected. On February 18,
1912 the house was dedicated, Isaac N. H. Beahm of
Virginia speaking on the occasion from Psalms 133 : 1.
$1,935.00 was raised on the occasion, placing the house
almost free of debt. Brother Beahm continued the meet-
ings for one week.f

Under the fostering care of Fairview congregation the
Williamsburg mission prospered in a most encouraging
manner until March 9, 1917, when in the presence of
Albert G. Crosswhite, of Roaring Spring, and Walter S.
Long of Altoona, the group worshiping at this place be-
came a separate congregation by organizing as follows :
William H. Holsinger, bishop and pastor; Elizabeth
Park, secretary ; Melvin C. Shelly, treasurer ; trustees :
Andrew J. Detwiler, Melvin C. Shelly, Isaac A. Snare.

Bishops presiding:

William H. Holsinger March 9, 1917, to Julv 3, 1922

M. Clyder Horst September 28, 1922, to January 1, 1924

Tobias T. Myers January 1, 1924 continues.

Pastors :

M. Clyder Horst. ... September 28, 1922, to January 1, 1924
Levi K. Ziegler August 1, 1924 continues.

* To William H. Holsinger the reader is indebted for the information of this
church.

t Gospel Messenger, 1912, p. 176.

103 ■

The Williamsburg Church.

Reading at top and from left: Mr. and Mrs. Andrew S. Bechtel; Mr. and Mrs.
David S. Sollenberger ; Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Coble; Mr. and Mrs. Isaac
Snare ; (bottom) Mr. and Mrs. Emory Brumbaugh.

Some Members of Williamsburg Church.

Beginning- at top and left : Mr. and Mrs. Melvin. Shelly ; Joseph and Harry Sollen-
berger ; Mr. and Mrs. Andrew K. Sollenberger ; Mr. and Mrs. Jesse Parks ; Mr.
and Mrs. Emory Sollenberger ; Levi Sollenberger.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Ministers :

Andrew J. Detwiler, in office. Raymond Sollenberger, Decem-
ber 31, 1922.

Deacons : In office at organization, Isaac A. Snare and Joseph S.
Sollenberger; March 9, 1917, Melvin C. Shelly, Jesse Park; De-
cember 31, 1922, Emery Sollenberger.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The first Sunday-school held by the Brethren in Williamsburg
was on February 18, 1912, in the new church. The officers were
Abner B. Dilling, superintendent; Mrs. Iva Baker, secretary; Emery
Brumbaugh, treasurer. The school has been " evergreen " since the
organization and maintained a frontline standard during 1915. It
had teacher training class during 1915-21 in which there was a total
enrollment of 33.

Superintendents: 1912, Abner B. Dilling; 1913-'14, Andrew J.
Detwiler; 1915, Harry Sollenberger; 1916-'17, Mrs. Ellis S. Shelly;
1918-'19, Andrew J. Detwiler; 1920, William H. Holsinger; 1921,
Andrew J. Detwiler; 1922, Emory Sollenberger; 1923, Mrs. Ellis
S. Shelly; 1924, Harry Sollenberger.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Sister's Aid Society first met March 7, 1917 in the Williams-
burg church and organized thus : Mrs. William H. Holsinger, presi-
dent; Elizabeth Park, secretary; Maude Walls, treasurer.

The charter members are :

Mrs. William H. Holsinger Maggie Brumbaugh

Julia Shelly Mary Frye

Elizabeth Park Lydia Sollenberger

Maude Walls Celie Rover
Almira Reed

The Society's work in general may be summed up in making of
children's and womens' garments and quilting.

SMITHFIELD

Present Membership, 77.

About 1890 the brethren from Fairview and Clover
Creek began preaching and during the summer con-
ducted a Sunday-school in the Smithfield school house
across the ridge westward from Fairview church. Later
John R. Bashore, a minister, located at Barbara and be-
came a leader for the group in Piney Creek Valley.
Jacob D. Smith having donated ground for a church site
in 1893 Fairview and Clover Creek congregations jointly

106

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

helped them build the Smithfield house, 35 x 45 feet and
costing about $2,300.00. The Church was dedicated in
October, 1893, John B. Fluck of Yellow Creek and Wil-
liam S. Ritchey of Snake Spring speaking on the occasion.

Mr. and Mrs. Eli D. Smith.

Mr. and Mrs. Harvey Longanecker.

The Smithfield Church.

Clover Creek and Fairview alternately supplied the
preaching until May 4, 1917, when the group of members
in the presence of John B. Miller and Jacob K. Brown,
was organized and took the name Smithfield.

107

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Organization : William H. Holsinger, bishop and
pastor ; Calvin Baker, secretary ; Homer Billing, treas-
urer. In all there were sixty charter members.

Bishops who presided over the congregation and date
each began :

William H. Holsinger May 4, 1917

Frederic R. Zook January 1, 1920

William H. Holsinger January 1, 1922

Isaac B. Kensinger January 1, 1924

Deacons, when congregation was organized : Clarence Smith,
Heaster L. Smith, Calvin Baker, and Eli Hoover. Elected October
20, 1922; Harvey Longanecker and Edward Burket.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

Perhaps as early as the 96's, John R. Bashore started the Sunday-
school, but the first available record is for 1904 which is the fol-
lowing: average attendance of fifty; six teachers; raised $2772, of
which $6.89 was given to missions and charity ; " evergreen " ; five
conversions.

Superintendents: 1904, John B. Bashore; 1905, Clarence Smith;
1906-07, David C. Wineland ; 1908-09, Clarence Smith; 1910, Eli B.
Hoover; 1911, Clarence Smith; 1912, Eli B. Hoover; 1913-14, Clar-
ence Smith; 1915, J. Frederic Dilling; 1916, Clarence Smith:
1917-18, Heaster J. Smith; 1919, Eli B. Hoover; 1920, Ephriam Sol-
lenberger; 1921-22, Heaster J. Smith; 1923, Harry Longanecker;
1924, Frederic Hoover.

JAMES CREEK*

Present Membership, 50.

James Creek and Clover Creek until about the middle
of the nineteenth century were two groups of members
under one organization. Tussey mountain separated
them socially very decidedly and in time made the two
organizations a practical necessity.

Ferreting out the snatches of activities saved through
incidental record on the James Creek side only, George
Brumbaugh, residing with other members in Woodcock
Valley, was called to the ministry about 1820 and Isaac
Brumbaugh, his son in 1832. George was ordained in
1837 or 1839 and given oversight of both settlements of
members.

* To J. Grove Norris the reader is indebted for some of the information in
this sketch.

108

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

During these years there was agitation favoring divid-
ing the territory but the James Creek brethren objected
because they did not have a meeting house. Not until
1858 were the separate organizations effected.* Tussey
mountain became the dividing line but in other directions
there wrere no limitations. Over the new organization,
which took its name after James Creek which flows

The James Creek Church.

through the valley, Isaac Brumbaugh, who had been or-
dained in 1841, was given the oversight. If other officers
were appointed at the time of organization there is no
record of them. Neither is it known what the member-
ship was at the time.

In 1860 the James Creek house, built of brick, was
erected. It is splendidly arranged for large gatherings
and lovefeast occasions and how often in earlier days did
the people gather there in overflowing numbers.

It was not till February 22, 1872, that the congregation
" decided to have a secretary " and elected Henry B.
Brumbaugh to fill that position. At this time the congre-
gation had 99 members on its roll.

* While it is pretty well established that in 1858 the division of the congre-
gation was decided upon, this division is not recognized in the District Meeting
Minutes of 1862 where Clover Creek is named as the congregation holding the
meeting, in the Woodcock Valley House, and the delegates are Isaac Brumbaugh
from Woodcock Valley and Daniel M. Holsinger from Clover Creek proper. The
Minutes of 1864 record recognition of two separate congregations.

109

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Mu. and Mrs. David Brumbaugh.,

he a deacon in the James

Creek Church.

The following April 20, to meet the needs of a group
of members living near the Raystown Dam, the congre-
gation decided to erect a church house, 30 x 36 feet. This
was sometimes called the Bethel house, or the " Corner."

For a time the outlook was en-
couraging, but the work went
back until now there is but a
family or two of members.
Summer Sunday-school is held,
and there was a good oppor-
tunity for building up a good
congregation at this point.

The ministers were zealous
in their spiritual duties, even
while making a living in their
individual vocations, and their
labors were richly blessed with
additions. A group of mem-
bers centered around Entricken
and desired a place of worship in their midst. April 5,
1873, the congregation decided to erect a house for them.
Daniel Brumbaugh, Philip P. Brumbaugh and Andrew B.
Brumbaugh, the building committee put up a frame house
30 x 36 feet, costing $492.50. Those were the days when
dedications were not considered proper; but the James
Creek brethren set Friday, November 7, 1873, for the first
day of a few meetings in the new house. Graybill Myers,
George W. Brumbaugh, James R. Lane, Jacob L. Wine-
land and Samuel A. Moore took their turns at preach-
ing.^ After some years of use, because the membership
moved from the community, the house was sold in 1914
for $450.00.

The Missionary spirit early manifested itself in this
congregation. May 7, 1887, they ask the District for
a better missionary plan. July 30 following, this action
took place. " What will this meeting say in regard to
attendance at Sunday-school celebrations? Answer. In-
asmuch as we look upon the modern so-called celebra-
tions with feelings of extreme doubt as to their moral
influence it is therefore resolved that members refrain
from attending such places."

* See the Weekly Pilgrim, editorial, " Dedication," November 18, 1873.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

The " Record of the Faithful " * states that this con-
gregation was organized in 1859 with 50 members ; that
the first house was erected in 1860; that in 1881-1882 it
had three houses and a membership of 98. George
Brumbaugh was bishop, George B. Brumbaugh in the
second and John Brumbaugh in the first degree of the
ministry.

At a meeting held May 7, 1881, the peace of the Broth-
erhood was heavily upon the hearts of the members at
this place for this query is recorded : " Inasmuch as we
look upon the threatening troubles which seem to hang
over the church at present with fearful apprehensions as
threatening division and severing our relations as a fra-
ternity, therefore resolved that we look upon these ex-
treme agitations as being promoters of strife rather than
the advancement of the church." A strong plea for re-
straint is given.

The question of a supported ministry found favor in
the eyes of the bishop, George B. Brumbaugh, who made
a strong address in its favor at a council meeting Sep-
tember 5, 1885 ; but in the face of this the congregation
voted against such an innovation.

The members petitioned General Conference April 14,
1888, favoring the name " Brethren." While August 12,
1893, the congregation " agreed to be solicited for the
proposed Old Folks Home and invited the Home to be
located within the bounds of the James Creek congre-
gation."

September 7, 1894, the boundary line was established
between the newly organized Raven Run congregation,
consisting mostly of members from the Hopewell com-
munity, and this body. This line " begins at the top of
Tussey mountain and following a line between Hunting-
don and Bedford Counties to Cove station, thence to
Weaver's Bridge at Raystown Branch, then in direct line
to Broad Top City."

Bishops presiding:

Isaac Brumbaugh 1858-Nov. 4, 1871

George Brumbaugh 1872 to 1897

Henry B. Brumbaugh 1897

Galen B. Royer 1922

* Published in 1882 by Howard Miller.

Ill

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Ministers elected: (List not complete.)

George Brumbaugh 1820

Isaac Brumbaugh 1841

John Brumbaugh

George B. Brumbaugh 1853 to 1857

George Brumbaugh 1857

Henry B. Brumbaugh 1863

Irvin B. Brumbaugh 1899

Reuben H. Brumbaugh 1898

Deacons: before the organization: 1841, David Brumbaugh; — — ,
Henry B. Brumbaugh, Benjamin Brumbaugh. After the organiza-
tion: October 31, 1868, Abram W. Brumbaugh, Henry Brumbaugh;
1880, Rufus Zook, Philip Brumbaugh; 1899, Thomas Norris, Mahlon
Brumbaugh; 1907, David Gearhart, J. Grove Norris; 1921, J. W.
Norris.

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Bethel. At the. convention held October 21, 1876, this school was
represented by Benjamin Brumbaugh. It had " forty scholars and
five teachers. Interest seemingly good. Opened and closed as
usual." * Two years later Rufus A. Zook and Samuel Brumbaugh
represented at the Spring Run convention. They reported " not
many children attend. Partakes more of the nature of a Bible
class." f

The school reported to the 1898 convention average attendance,
33 ; $5.39 raised for supplies ; conducted six months of year. In
1904 average attendance, 23; four teachers; $9.63 raised, of which
$3.88 went for missions and charities; conversions, two.

The organization for 1923 was Million J. Miller, superintendent;
Hazel Gahagen, secretary ; Ella V. Miller, treasurer. The average
attendance was fifteen pupils and three teachers.

Superintendents: Up to 1904 not known; 1904, Isaac Brumbaugh;

1905, ; 1906, Oliver V. Gehret; 1907, Thomas M.

Norris. Though no report, in recent years Million J. Miller has
been carrying on the work.

James Creek. This school was represented at the 1876 convention
by Robert Mason who stated that it was organized May 14, 1876.
This however, may refer to the organization for that year, for some
say that a school was started as early as in the sixties some time.
Thus runs the report further : " Average attendance thirty-six. Five
teachers and three officers. International lesson papers used in reci-
tation, and for singing, the Gospel Hymns." $ Two years later
Robert Mason and George Brumbaugh represented at the Spring
Run Convention and made this report : " Average attendance twenty-
nine. Assign a word as ' Lord ' and have pupils commit and repeat
a verse next Sabbath containing such a word."

At the convention 1898 the school reported: average attendance,

* Primitive Christian, 1876, p. 702.

t Primitive Christian and Pilorim, p. 716.

X Primitive Christian, 1876, p. 702.

112

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

38; $20.62 raised, of which $4.00 went to missions and charity. For
1904 average attendance, 31; four teachers; $27.29 raised, of which
$4.38 was given to missions and charity. The school has been
"evergreen" since 1900; had teacher training class during 1913 and
nine received first year certificates.

Superintendents: 1876, Robert Mason; not known then till
1900-'07, John G. Norris ; 1908, Frank Myers; 1909-22, J. Grove
Norris; 1923, Everet Harris; 1924, John Brumbaugh.

James A. Sell wrote the following worthy tribute to
this congregation :

" This church is unique in the number of strong men
it has given to the brotherhood. Here the men were
reared who conceived the idea and put in operation the
forces that resulted in Juniata College, — the first school
of the brotherhood. Jacob M. Zuck is honored as its
founder but it was John B. Brumbaugh who invited him
to Huntingdon to start a school and entertained him in
his own home free of charge the first year. H. B. Brum-
baugh provided the room in his own building in which
the school was kept until it required larger quarters.
Dr. Andrew B. Brumbaugh, a native of James Creek,
used his influence, his talents and his money to advance
the interests of the school and never wavered in his sup-
port. Professor Jacob H. Brumbaugh entered as a
teacher at a sacrifice when the school was struggling for
recognition and existence. The devotion of these four
men to a cause that was new, unpopular and untried,
that required money which was not in sight and talent
not yet developed to give it reputation and make it a
success, is a priceless legacy to their descendants and an
honor to the church that nurtured them in its Christian
fellowship.

" Martin G. Brumbaugh, who, later on, became the
president of Juniata College and a distinguished educator
and lecturer, — the one who established a system of edu-
cation on the island of Porto Rico and later served the
State of Pennsylvania as governor, was reared to man-
hood in this church.

" It was here that the three Brumbaugh brothers,
Henry, George and John started the publication of The
Pilgrim, the second weekly church paper which was
finally merged into other publications now the estab-
lished literature of the church. "

113

A History of the Church of the Brethren

HUNTINGDON*

Present Membership, 586.

Dr. Andrew B. Brumbaugh, through opening an office
to practice medicine in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania in
April, 1866, became the first resident member of the
Church of the Brethren. His wife, Maria (nee Frank,
a member) and two children moved in from their home
in Marklesburg in June following. Later in the same
year David and Jane Deniser began residences here.

When The Pilgrim was moved from Marklesburg on
December 23, 1873, Henry B. and Susan, his wife, John
B. Brumbaugh and Wealthy A. Clark, all connected
with that publication, doubled the group of members.
Next spring Eleanor J. VanDyke, later becoming the
wife of John B. Brumbaugh, joined the number and now
there were nine members of the Church of the Brethren
in the city, most of whom were engaged in large things
for the Lord and the Church.

But the little band had to go to James Creek, some
eleven miles distant, to enjoy fellowship with " those of
like precious faith." While these trips were greatly en-
joyed they also argued strongly for a place of worship in
the borough ; and especially encouraged by promised
help from the District to the amount of $100.00, in less
than two years a room, 16 x 65 feet, on the first floor of
the Pilgrim building, corner of l^th and Washington
Streets, was fitted up for service. A small pulpit, a part
of the furnishings, the gift of Dr. Andrew B. Brum-
baugh, marked a radical change for those times when the
long table was perhaps without exception still used.
That historic, sacred desk is still used in the chapel in
Founder's Hall. On Saturday evening, June 19, 1875,
George Brumbaugh preached ; text, Matthew 9 : 10-13.
The next morning the large room was formally dedi-
cated, Peter S. Myers speaking from Galatians 6:14; in
the evening Archibald Van Dyke spoke ; text, Psalms
119:59-61.

" On Monday morning, on the way to the depot, Peter
S. Myers was met by Wealthy A. Clark of the Pilgrim

* To Mrs. Eleanor J. Brumbaugh the reader is indebted for some of the in-
formation of this sketch.

114

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gation.— Photograph through kindness of Gaius M. Brumbaugh.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

family with, ' Will you accept this?' at the same time
handing a beautifully bound pocket testament. The in-
cident is significant for the days when ministers met
their own expenses and preached the Gospel ' free.'

James A. Sell some months after held the first series
of meetings, beginning March 4 and continuing about ten
days. On March 5, David Y., son of Peter Long Swayne
who had recently moved into the city from Aughwick,
and Gaius M., son of Andrew B. Brumbaugh, were,
by baptism in the old canal, Henry B. Brumbaugh
officiating, received into membership and thereby became
the first members baptized in the Huntingdon congrega-
tion. Howard Coble was also received at this meeting.

A few members joined the group before Jacob M. Zuck
arrived on April 15, 1876, and opened the Normal two
days later. Carrie Miller, who later became the wife of
William J. Swigart, arrived July 26. Then James
Quinter and family came October 31 and a short time
after, Joseph W. Beer and family.

"The Normal" grew rapidly from the start and that
increased the membership of the little, forming church.
Just a short time elapsed until James Creek congregation
decided to effect a separate organization of the Hunting-
don Church and this was done September 28, 1878. The
membership of the new congregation consisted of:

Ministers: James Quinter, Henry B. Brumbaugh, Wil-
liam J. Swigart.

Laymembers : 32.

Organization : James Quinter, bishop ; Jacob H. Brum-
baugh, secretary. In a few months the need of a treas-
urer and a desire on the part of the church to have the
secretary act as treasurer, caused him to resign and Dr.
Andrew B. Brumbaugh was elected and served almost
continuously until his death in 1908. Jacob H. Brum-
baugh became treasurer and rendered a long capable
service in that. office.

" The Normal" moved into Founders' Hall on Monday,
April 7, 1879,t and the following Sunday " the first meet-
ing was held in the new chapel. . . . James Quinter
preached a very interesting sermon . . . from the last

* The Pilgrim, 1875, p. 414.

t Primitive Christian and Pilgrim, 1870, p. 279.

116

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

verse of the 55th chapter of Isaiah. His subject was the
Transformation of human character.' "' * This, how-
ever, does not appear to be a dedication service. At the
" formal opening of the new building," April 17, the dedi-
cation no doubt included both school and church, for at
the time Isaac Price (Coventry Church near Philadel-
phia), one of the trustees, presented the church and col-
lege with a Bible for pulpit use.

At a very early moment of its existence the Hunting-
don congregation manifested an aggressive policy in
seeking the welfare of men and women in circles beyond
their immediate contact. From the records of the con-
gregation it is gleamed that on February 24, 1880, the
congregation considered the work of the Ladies Temper-
ance Union and urged upon " the authorities to unite in
suppressing profanity and loafing in public places/' The
following April 7, Henry B. Brumbaugh had a resolution
favoring the establishing of a " home somewhere in the
East, for the poor and infirm of our fraternity " passed
and sent to District Meeting. Prayer-meetings* were
conducted in the chapel at 1400 Washington Street,!
though there appears to be no record until July 27, 1880,
when Henry B. Brumbaugh resigned from the super-
intendency of that work but was reappointed for another
year.

The " Record of the Faithful " $ states at this time that
this congregation was organized in 1878 with twelve
members ; that in 1881-'82 it had a membership of 175
which " includes resident students." lames Ouinter was
bishop ; Henry B. Brumbaugh was in the second and
William J. Swigart in the first degree of the ministry.

February 7, 1883 " Henry B. Brumbaugh was elected
a member from this church on the board of Trustees of
the Orphan's Home." The spirit of peace so dear to our
Pennsylvania brethren cropped out when in April 30,
1884, William J. Swigart asked the congregation to pe-
tition General Conference to be represented at the next
National Peace Convention. Sunday-school quarterlies
prepared by Solomon Z. Sharp and published by " The

* Ibid., p. 248.

t Letter from Gaius M. Brumbaugh.

j Published by Howard Miller in 1882.

117

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Messenger Office ' were, by the consent of the whole
congregation, introduced into the Sunday-school, on April
7, 1885, the year before the General Conference gave per-
mission to have Sunday-school.

Three were received into the church by baptism on
October 15, 1887, the rite being performed in a new pool
built within the past year in the campus back of

The Stone Church.

Founders' Hall. This continued to be the place of bap-
tism until the Stone Church was completed.*

The congregation took a corporate existence March 21,
1888. Trustees, Dr. Andrew B. Brumbaugh, David Y.
Swayne and John B. Brumbaugh. Beginning with Oc-
tober 1, 1912, the congregation has been electing its pre-
siding bishop annually.

After having the matter of erecting a church house ex-
clusively devoted to religious activities before them for
a number of years, the congregation, through a building
committee consisting of Tobias T. Myers, Otis M. Brum-

* For baptismal purposes the following places were used before the pool : the
canal, the mill race near James Creek Church, and the Juniata River.

118

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

baugh, J. Allen Myers and I. Harvey Brumbaugh, erected
the Stone Church, 45 x 93 feet (outside dimensions) with
basement fitted for Sunday-school purposes, costing
$19,312.75. On December 11, 1910, the dedicatory ad-
dress was delivered by Martin G. Brumbaugh of Phila-
delphia. Text, John 4 : 24. Oscar R. Myers directed the
lifting of the morning offering which amounted to
$6,900.00. Service was held in the afternoon, conducted
by William J. Swigart during which a sermon, " A
Present Tense Christian," by Charles C. Ellis, was deliv-
ered. At this meeting another $1,000.00 was added to the
morning offering. In the evening William M. Howe
(Johnstown congregation) spoke from the text, " In the
beginning God." *

The congregation appointed John B. Brumbaugh as
pastor, May 1, 1905. At first he gave part time and later
all, to the task. September 1, 1914, John H. Cassady be-
gan pastoral labors and continued four years. April 1,
1920, Galen K. Walker took up the work and continues.

Missions, both home and foreign, have always been a
large factor in the church life of the Huntingdon congre-
gation. Through the college and church being so closely
associated, the congregation has a blessed missionary
record. Mary N. Quinter, a charter member, served first
in Chicago and then went to India and was called to her
glorious reward from that field, January 14, 1914. David,
a faithful native, in the India church, was educated by
the Huntingdon congregation. Other special supports
from time to time have been given.

Student missionaries who wanted their light to shine
farthest reflected such a bright light at home — while in
college in the various activities of the church, that they
are worthy of the following place in this history :

Name In College In India

Samuel N. McCann 1880-83 c 1897-1907

Mrs. Elizabeth Gibbel McCann 1886-91 1897-1907

William Howe 1894-95 c 1897

Jesse B. Emmert a 1895-99 1902-1922

Mrs. Gertrude Rowland Emmert... 1895-99 1904-1922

Jacob M. Blough a 1891-02 1903 ....

Mrs. Anna Detwiler Blough 1891-96 1903 ....

* Juniata Echo, 1910, pp. 167-8.

119

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Name In College In India

Mary N. Quinter 1877-83 d 1903-1913

John M. Pittenger 1895-02 1904 . .

Mrs. Florence Baker Pittenger 1897-02 1904 ..

James W. Swigart 1901-03 c 1904 . .

Ida Himmelsbaugh 1899-01 1908 . .

Quincy A. Holsopple b 1907-10 1911-1923

Mrs. Kathren Royer Holsopple 1919-20 1911-1923

Herman B. Heisey 1908-12 1912

Mrs. Grace Nodrow Heisey 1910-12 1912

Olive Widdowson b 1899-02 1912

Sarah Replogle 1906-08 1919

Anna K. Brumbaugh 1910-18 1919

John I. Kaylor 1920-21 1911

Mrs. Ina M. Kaylor 1920-21 1921

In France

Mrs. Lucy Leatherman Mohler 1892-95 1911-1912

In China

J. Homer Bright 1895-99 1911 ....

Isaiah E. Oberholtzer 1906-10 1916....

Grace Clapper 1907-09 1917 ....

In Africa

Harold Stover Kulp 1915-18 1922

Mrs. Ruth Royer Kulp 1915-18 d 1923-1924

a Later continued school work and received degree B.D.
b Have done further study at Juniata.
"3 Approved but did not get to the field and since died,
d Died on field June 15, 1924.

Bishops presiding :

James Quinter Sep. 28, 1878-88

Henry B. Brumbaugh May 19, 1888-18

Tobias T. Myers Jan. 1, 1919-23

Charles C. Ellis Jan. 1, 1924-25

Ministers elected and installed :

(The editor feels sure the list is not complete; and if this page
comes to the attention of one whose name is not here, he will confer
a great favor to write him or Juniata College, giving name, date and
names of others who were elected at the same time.)

John B. Brumbaugh Jan. 18, 1889

Martin G. Brumbaugh Nov. 11, 1891

Charles C. Ellis Nov. 10, 1894

John C. Reiff Nov. 10, 1894

William C. Hanawalt Feb. 9, 1897

I. Bruce Book Feb. 9, 1897

Jesse D. Emmert May 11, 1901

Irvin C. VanDyke July 9, 1902

James W. Swigart March 2, 1903

John H. Cassady March 2, 1903

Harvey Brumbaugh Oct. 29, 1904

120

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Harvey D. Emmert Oct. 29

Carmon C. Johnson Dec. 18

Daniel W. Kurtz Dec. 18

Earl E. Eshelman Jan. 1 1

Arthur J. Culler Jan. 11

A. Brown Miller . Jan. 11

I. Edward Holsinger May 17

Joel C. Flora May 17

J. Edwin Kellar May 17

William P. Harley May 17

Isaac E. Oberholtzer May 17

Oscar R. Myers May 17

Herman B. Heisey May 27

Clifford Workman May 27

Elmer Culler March 27

Henry P. Harley April 16

A'bram B. Replogle April 16

Frank Ankeny April 16

Leonard Gaunt Nov. 1 1

George B. Replogle Nov. 1 1

Lewis G. Knepper Nov. 1 1

Edgar G. Diehm May 9

George B. Replogle May 9

Holmes Falkenstein May 9

J. Clyder Stayer May 9

Myers B. Horner April 4

Raymond Mickle April 4

Herman Breninger April 4

Calvin Rose April 4

Enos Callahan April 4

George A. Crotslev May 31

Carl E. Howe...." May 31

George Griffith May 31

Maynard Cassady May 31

Raymond English May 31

Stanley B. Noffsinger May 4

Wilbur O. Snyder May 4

Glenn Norris May 10

Calvert N. Ellis May 10

Alexander M. Stout May 10

Russel B. Stambaugh March 5

Harold Engle March 5

John Sherman March 5

1904

1906

1908

1910

1911

1912

1915

1917

1918

1921

1922

1923

Deacons : September 30, 1882, John B. Brumbaugh, David Em-
mert; January 18, 1889, William Berry, Daniel C. Burkholder; No-
vember 11, 1891, David Y. Swayne, Otis M. Brumbaugh, Joseph E.
Savior; January 12, 1909, Homer F. Sanger, Thomas Long; De-
cember 3, 1912, William W. Geisinger, Percy B. Browand, W. Em-
mert Swigart; April 4, 1917, James McAllwee, Frank Norris,
Samuel Gehrett, Lewis Coffman.

121

A History of the Church of the Brethren

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

With the opening of " The Normal," a Sunday afternoon Bible
class that supplied the grown people with Bible study, was started.
It remained for Mrs. Eleanor J. Brumbaugh to think of the little
ones and one week in the early fall she went out among the homes
of the community and secured the promise of eight to come to Sun-
day-school the following Sunday morning. On that morning, Sep-
tember 23, 1877, the school began with five pupils and one teacher.
There was no organization until the following July 28, when " the
school was regularly organized with twenty-eight scholars and four
teachers." John B. Brumbaugh was superintendent. During 78 the
attendance ran as high as fifty-eight and it had use for seven teach-
ers. At each session a " penny collection " was taken up for " the
missionary cause.*

With the congregation the school moved to Founders Hall and in-
cluded Normal students and town members until the Stone Church
was dedicated. It elected its own officers but record is not found
of such elections. On June 7, 1893, the church took full supervision
and elected the following officers : William Beery, superintendent;
John C. Reiff, secretary; J. Lee Rupert, treasurer; Mrs. Eleanor J.
Brumbaugh, chorister. In 1898 the school reported enrollment, 132;
average, 82 ; raised $53.30 for supplies ; 3 conversions. Then in 1904
it reported 130 enrolled; average, 90; 10 teachers; raised $99.07, of
which $80.36 was given for missions and charity ; 4 conversions ;
teachers meetings ; home department.

Upon the dedication of the Stone Church the members and chil-
dren from the town met in the new building, while the students of
the college continued in the chapel as a part of the adult department
and under the name, College Sunday-school. From the beginning
the school has been " evergreen " ; since 1903 has had the advantages
of teacher training class every year. Earliest available record be-
gins in 1908 and from that date to 1914, 155 enrolled; then the
church had a separate training class during years 1915-'19 and 1923,
with a total enrollment of 72; the college had training class 1915-'23
with a total enrollment of 185. In other words, since 1908, 412 have
enrolled in teacher training at Huntingdon. The "Truth Seekers"
class, organized in February, 1909, was the second men's organized
class in the Brotherhood.f The average attendance for 1911, the
first year in the Stone Church was 143.

Superintendents: 1878, John B. Brumbaugh; , David Emmert ;

before 1882, William Beery; 1885-'89, Otis M. Brumbaugh; 1889-'10,
William Beery; till October 30, 1911, Oscar R. Myers; 1911-18, W.
Emmert Swigart; 1919- '24, Frank A. Norris.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

Though informal meetings had been held and work done for
about six months, not until September 18, 1885, in a meeting held
in the Henry B. Brumbaugh home, was an organization of the

* Primitive Christian and Pilgrim, 1878, p. 716.

t Hagerstown, Md., Men's Class is first, organized Nov. 26, 1908.

122

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Sisters Aid Society effected. Charter members : Eleanor J. Brum-
baugh, Susan F. Brumbaugh, Maria F. Brumbaugh, Rachel E. Brum-
baugh, Flora Brumbaugh, Cora A. Brumbaugh, Elizabeth B. Howe,
Linda Cupp, Fannie Quinter, Mary N. Quinter, Emma Keeny, Carrie
Swigart, Adaline H. Beery, Eva Falkenstein, Mrs. Jonathan Davis.

Living Members of the 1885 Organization of the Huntingdon Sisters' Aid Society.
Reading from the left : " Auntie " Dr. A. B. Brumbaugh, Mrs. Eleanor J.
Brumbaugh, Mrs. William J. Swigart, Emma Keeny, and Mrs. Cora A. B.
Silverthorn.

Organization : Eleanor J. Brumbaugh, president ; Elizabeth B. Howe,
secretary; Linda Cupp, treasurer. In general the society has been
able to accomplish the following :

Girl's Aid Fund $3,408.59

Home Church 923.78

Other congregations helped 207.00

Charities 298.20

Miscellaneous 157.70

$4,995.27

Presidents: Eleanor J. Brumbaugh, 1885 to '89; Adeline H.
Beery, 1889, '91, '02; M. Ella Snavely, 1891 to 1901; Ida Hoover,
1901, '03, '25; Cora A. B. Silverthorn, 1904, '19, '21; Carrie Swigart,
1905, '06, '09, '13, '17, '22, '24; Elizabeth Carroll, 1907; Florence
Myers, 1908, '11, '20; Viola Myers, 1910; Grace Q. Holsopple, 1912;
Olive Dupler, 1914; Marabah V. Cassady, 1915; Bale Myers, 1916;
Emma L. Keeny, 1918, '23.

THE HUNTINGDON ORPHANAGE

It was while a few sisters of the Huntingdon congregation (four
and a half years later they became the second organized Sisters' Aid
Society of the Brotherhood), in co-operation with students and
others of the Normal College, were administering to the poor in the
west end of the borough that the deplorable condition of some fami-
lies was discovered and reported to David Emmert. Thereupon, he
opened a little home for destitute children, on Sixteenth Street, be-
tween Moore and Mifflin Streets, on March 1, 1881. Carrie Miller,

123

A History of the Church of the Brethren

who later became the wife of William J. Swigart, was engaged as
matron. A little sick girl, Anna Straitiff, was the first guest of care.
On April 1, 1881, the home was moved into a small building, corner
of Moore and Eighteenth Streets. A county organization was
formed the same year, under which supervision the institution has
continued. The matrons have all been members of the Church of the
Brethren and loyal supporters of the local aid society. Following
Carrie Miller, the next matron, though for a short time, was Eliza-
beth Howe, now Mrs. John H. Brubaker, of Virdin, (111.). Next,
Susan Ressler, who had been helper under both former superintend-
ents, became matron and rounded out seventeen years of continuous
service." * Her daughter, Minnie, now Mrs. Ardie E. Wilt, sacrificed
much to help her mother with her task during these years. Then
followed, for shorter terms of service, Anna Detwiler, now the wife
of Jacob M. Blough, missionary in India; a Mrs. Newcomer, of
Waynesboro, (Pa.), and Clara Buyer, who married Harry Sullivan.
In 1902, Emma Keeny, the present matron, began her long term of
service.

* Reminiscences of Juniata College, by David Emmert, p. 101.

124

CHAPTER IV

The Early Yellow Creek Congregation

and Its Growth in Bedford, Blair

and Fulton Counties

1780

1800 1820 1840 1860 1880

rcarly Yellow Cr

1820

1876(b)

1371

1 395 name

372c

1900

1886

1897

1893.
1907.
1901.

18931

1920

changed

1916
1916

1924
1922

.New Enterprise
Woodbury
Claar

Lower Claar
Queen

___ Dunnings Creek

Snake Spring

. J Cherry lane

__ Koontz

_ Arteroas

Yellow Creek

__ _ Raven Run

Riddle sburg

— St oner st own
. Everett

a Its beginning according to the " Record of the Faithful," by Howard Miller.

b Part of Woodbury terrritory was taken from Clover Creek.

c Hopewell was the name first ; about 1900 changed to Yellow Creek.

THE EARLY YELLOW CREEK
CONGREGATION*

Concerning the early history of this congregation
James A. Sell has written thus : " This early group of
members centered at New Enterprise and the territory
in which they were scattered embraced all of Bedford
and much of Fulton counties. Among the early settlers
especially in Bedford and Huntingdon counties were a

* To David T. Detwiler the reader is indebted for much of the information
found in the latter part of this sketch.

125

A History of the Church of the Brethren

large number of Brethren whose descendants trace their
ancestry to Franklin County, (Pa.) ; hence it is highly
probable that our pioneers came from there. The first
of this migration can safely be placed as early as 1750
or 1760.

" The earliest record of the presence of the brethren is
found in a deed for a tract of land containing 269 acres,
located in Morrison's Cove on the Three Springs branch
of Yellow Creek, Frankstown township, Bedford County.
It conveys from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to
Samuel Ullery and Jacob Brumbaugh said tract on De-
cember 12, 1785, and is signed by Benjamin Franklin,
" President of the Supreme Council of the Executive."
The consideration was six pounds, nineteen shillings and
five pence.

" So far as is known this Samuel Ullery * was the first
minister in this church. Just when he came is not
known. He died in 1822 and is buried in the cemetery
close to the New Enterprise church.

" Jacob Brumbaugh, the other person named in the
deed, a brother in the flesh to the Brumbaughs who set-

* In a manuscript written by Samuel Teeter who lived at New Enterprise and
died in 1901, the following statement is made concerning the beginning of the
Yellow Creek congregation.

MORRISON'S COVE OR YELLOW CREEK CHURCH.

Beginning oh Organization.

" Inasmuch as there has no record been kept from the beginning, by request,
will try to give a short sketch of the church in part by hearsay and part bv
memory.

" In the first the Yellow Creek consisted of Snake Spring and part of the Cove.
The first minister was a man or brother by the name of Overholser who died in
the Cove; (second) David Mikesell also died here; (third) perhaps Abraham
Teeter, Senior, but never preached ; (fourth) Samuel Ullery, who labored in the
congregation for some time and was a very influential minister ; (fifth) Isaac
Ritchey and John Holsinger, Senior, elected at the same time, advanced the
same together the same time and ordained the same time. Some time after, Snake
Spring was divided into two separate districts and brother Ritchey fell to
Snake Springs and Holsinger to Yellow Creek ; (sixth) then some time Elder
Martin Miller was elected to the ministry in the Yellow Creek District ; (seventh)
David Brumbaugh was elected some time after by the Snake Spring Church, then
afterwards moved to Yellow Creek Church ; (eighth) then about 1830 Brother
Jacob Oochnour was elected to the ministry, who was laboring with the church
till 1834 when he died. The next year John Holsinger, Junior, was elected then
in 1835 ; (ninth) Jacob Miller was elected next ; (tenth) John Eshelman in 1852,
Daniel Snowberger and Leonard Furry were elected, afterwards advanced and later
ordained the same day and both died in 1868. After this John B. Replogle next
to Christ Holsinger, son of John/ Holsinger, Junior ; next John L. Holsinger,
Junior ; next David Strayle ; next Rinehart Z. Replogle who went Progressive ;
next David T. Detwiler ; next Levi Holsinger and Levi Stuckev, the former a
great-grand-son of Samuel Ullery and the latter a great-grand-son of the
same. — Ed.

126

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

tied at Clover Creek and in Woodcock Vallev, was also
a minister.

" The tract of land conveyed above evidently was pur-
chased jointly, for on February 28, 1822, Samuel Ullery
conveyed his possessions of about 100 acres to Jacob
Brown, who in turn on February 25, 1841, sold the same
to Samuel Brown. From him it went successively to
Daniel S. Snowberger, Christian Snowberger, Samuel
Werking and then to Gilbert Werking, the present
owner.

The time of the organization of this church and who
were the participators are unknown. As was usual in
those days the members and friends met for worship in
homes, some of which were purposely constructed to
meet this purpose. The first movement towards build-
ing a house of worship was in 1840 when a house, 40 x 65
feet with an L for kitchen, 20 x 34 feet, was erected on the
lot where the present New Enterprise house stands. It
was fashioned after the architectural ideas of that time,
more for service than anything else, and judging by its
dimensions the congregations that gathered in those
early days were large/' — Jamks A. SeXL.

Quite a settlement of members had located near Bakers
Summit, among them John M. Holsinger, the bishop of
the congregation. He conceived the idea and prevailed
upon the church to erect a house on a corner of his farm.
The building committee consisted of. Simon Snyder, head

carpenter, Jacob and John Miller, Charles and J

Bobb and John Jordon. It was a frame house, cost
$620.00 and was dedicated in 1850.

This policy of placing houses where groups of mem-
bers were living was followed further in 1872 when two
frame house each 32 x 45 feet, the one at Waterside and
the other at Snyder, were erected. At the dedication of
the former house June 16, 1872, John B. Brumbaugh
preached.*

But the territory included in this early Yellow Creek
congregation was far too large for successful manage-
ment and on August 16, 1876, it was decided to divide.
The line established was such that the present New En-

The Weekly Pilgrim, 1872, p. 207.

127

Some Members op the New Enterprise Church.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

terprise territory continued under the name of Yellow
Creek, and that now included in Woodbury, Claar,
Lower Claar and Queen took the name Woodbury.

This division left Yellow Creek with ministers : Daniel
Snowberger, Leonard Furry and Joseph Z. Replogle;
deacons, George Brumbaugh, Samuel Teeter, David L.
Replogle, Isaac Replogle, Sr., Jacob Furry, Abraham
Sollenberger; and a large congregation of laymembers.

It is exceedingly unfortunate that the records of this
congregation earlier than May 29, 1875, " were consigned
to the flames." * Judging from a resignation minute,
November 16, 1875, Daniel Snowberger was clerk for the
first two years of preserved record. The Danish Mission
funds received a contribution of $4.82 from this congre-
gation in 1875. The church answered the query, " Is it
right for brethren to bail criminals out of prison?5 by
deciding " that brethren should not do it, at least, before
consulting the church. " At the same meeting where the
congregation decided it was wrong to " take part in play-
ing ring during intermission at spelling schools," it de-
cided " to invite Daniel P. Saylor to come and preach for
a week or ten days and pay his expenses." The delegates
to District Meeting were instructed " to vote in favor of
a full report of the proceedings of Annual Meeting in
pamphlet form."

The deacons reported, on their visit in 1876, a complaint
that there was too little preaching in the German, but no
conclusion was reached on the matter. January 1, 1877,
the congregation " agreed to permit brethren and sisters
to meet together in their own houses during the week in
a social capacity to engage in singing and prayer and
other exercises that may be beneficial." But before the
year was over these meetings were moved into the meet-
ing houses. " No change " was the answer to a petition
" to have preaching at the Snowberger house every two
weeks instead of every four " and Annual Meeting was
asked " if it is right that the one who washes the feet
wipes them or whether one does the washing and an-
other the wiping."

In the fall of 1876, Stephen H. Bashore held a revival

* David T. Detwiler, present bishop of the New Enterprise congregation, in a
letter dated July 12, 1924, says he has thus been informed.

129

A History of the Church of the Brethren

in this church and one hundred were added to the fold.
This was a new record for the brotherhood.

The next year (1877) the congregation entertained the
Annual Meeting. The old house was still the place of
worship and with some temporary additions was used
for dining hall. Boarding and lodging free to all. The
conference proper was held in the Over barn on the out-
skirts of the town.

New Enterprise Conference Grounds of 1877.

Upper: New Enterprise Church and lunch counter before it. Lower

barn, where the conference proper was held.

The Over

But the old house that had served the people for thirty-
eight years had become too small and it was to be
replaced. Building" Committee : Jacob Furry, Samuel
Werking and David L. Replogle. The new one was a
frame building, 50 x 80 feet, basement, costing, after de-
ducting the proceeds of the old house, $3,361.81. It had
a " platform two steps high from aisle to aisle for the
speakers." Some wanted a vestibule but this was not
carried. No formal dedication was held when the house
was completed in 1878, but James Quinter held a short
series of meetings. The house had a seating capacity of

130

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

800 and often has it been full to overflowing, especially
on funeral and lovefeast occasions.

In 1878 the church decided it was wrong for members
to have their fortunes told. At the October council
meeting (Snowberger meeting house) the following rules
for speaking in a council meeting were passed, a decided
step forward, " Only one member to speak at a time.
No one to speak without rising to their feet. In all cases
to address the brethren before commencing on the sub-
ject. Not to commence speaking upon the subject until
recognized by the elder. Members to confine themselves
to the question and avoid repetition/'

On May 28, 1879, the Sunday-school convention of
Middle District of Pennsylvania met in this new house.

The church decided (1879) to read the minutes of the
council meeting at the close of the session. It instructed
its delegates to District Meeting " to oppose the Breth-
rens Home of Charity " and to " oppose division of the
District of Middle Pennsylvania. " It " unanimously
agreed ' to have the aisles of the church carpeted with
" coarse matting without any cost to the church treas-
ury." At the same meeting single mode of feet washing
was unanimously agreed to.

At a council June 16, 1880, it was decided to build a
meeting house at Dutch Corners (Imlertown). A com-
mittee on location was appointed and at the next meet-
ing (August 14) it was decided " to build 34x40x12,
no basement, platform at one end 18 inches high/'
Building committee: Jacob Furry, Samuel Teeter,
Samuel Werking. David Miller did the carpenter work
under contract. Cost, $1,902.81. James A. Sell dedicated
the house and followed it with a series of meetings.
After some years of unsuccessful effort the work was
given up and the building sold in 1908.

The church decided (1880) to continue the practice
and " line the hymns (two at a time) on funeral occa-
sions/' The time of beginning lovefeasts was changed
from ten to two in the afternoon." A query, " Is it right
for brethren to attend political state conventions ? " had
to be " tabled " for want of unity of sentiment. A
brother who was working on Sunday and had one and
half months to complete his contract was instructed " to

131

Upper: The Teeter Home. One-half the upstairs used for church services in
earlier days. Built by Isaac Teeter, in 1835. Middle: The present New
Enterprise Church. Loweu: Salemville Church.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

cease at once." The church answered, " Is it right for
brethren to engage in anything like lottery ? ' by a unani-
mous " No." " Is it right for brethren to engage in a
debate, speak against their own sentiments and use
every means to gain a question and afterwards say " the
sentiment was not our own?" Answer, "No." Having
decided to hold an election for speaker and finding that
electioneering had been clone, the election was postponed
indefinitely. It was decided unanimously (1881) to
" adopt taxation system for raising funds for treasury."
But a " proposition to have a clock placed in the audience
room free of charge " w^s not accepted.

The " Record of the Faithful " * states that this con-
gregation was organized in 1800 with eighteen members ;
that its first church house was erected in 1839 ; that in
1881-1882 it had four church houses and 300 members.
Jacob Miller was bishop. David Straley and Rinehart
Z. Replogle were in the second and Charles L. Buck and
Joseph S. Replogle in the first degree of the ministry.

In 1882 John and Leah Burger built, furnished and
then maintained a good substantial church, 40 x 60 feet,
in Salemville and at their death gave it to the congrega-
tion. Joseph Z. Replogle preached the first sermon in
this house and Silas Hoover, of Somerset County, held
the first series of meetings shortly after the dedication.

The first echoes of agitation due to the unfortunate
division of the Brotherhood in 1882 is seen in a record
on the minutes marked " special." " At a social mem-
bers meeting January 26, 1883, it was decided to take the
fW'ord of God and every decision that is in accord with
the Word and have no one to interfere with us and sow
discord ; and ourselves stop agitating the differences."

At the regular quarterly council held August 16, 1883,
brethren James Quinter, James A. Sell and Solomon
Buckelew were present and assisted in the deliberations
of the day. In the afternoon the following resolution was
voted upon :

" Whereas, the troubles that have disturbed the general brother-
hood have seriously effected the New Enterprise Church; and
whereas, at the last Council Meeting of said church, several mem-

* Published in 1882 by Howard Miller. But see page 135 for correct data for
this time.

133

A History of the Church of the Brethren

hers left the Council meeting, indicating by the movement and lan-
guage used a withdrawal from the church, and then assembled and
appointed a delegate to the Progressive Convention at Dayton, con-
firming by this last act the idea of withdrawal from the church ;
they also made appointments for meetings independent of the
church ; and, whereas, we cannot, as a church, fellowship such as
withdraw, if they persist in the course they have taken; therefore,
resolved that a vote of the church be taken to ascertain who still
maintain the position taken by those who left our last council meet-
ing as they did."

The final vote was taken and twelve names are re-
corded as withdrawing, — of these one was a minister, one
the church clerk, one the church treasurer. At the next
council meeting one of the number came back stating he
did not understand the import of the action.

The church voted favorable (1887) to having brother
John B. Gluck preach on temperance in their meeting
house.

Because in the Hopewell congregation not far away
was a postoffice named Yellow Creek and many confused
this name and the one of the congregation, on April 23,
1895, the Yellow Creek church changed its name legally
and hereafter it is known as

NEW ENTERPRISE

The large church house erected in 1878 was the one-
big-room type and not adapted to the needs of the large
Sunday-school that assembled there. Therefore, at a
cost of $2,500.00 the building was remodeled and divided
into class rooms suited for the Sunday-school and yet so
arranged that it could all be opened into the main audi-
torium. Charles C. Ellis spoke on the occasion of the
dedication, which was October 31, 1915. His text was
Ezra 6:16. In 1921, class rooms were made in the
basement.

The congregation had tried the envelope system, for
on February 13, 1897, " a proposition to take up a collec-
tion every quarter for Missions at each meeting point
. . . carried and the envelope system was dropped. "

Believing that the interests of the church would be
best subserved by having a supported pastor, in 1918 they

134

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

secured the services of H. Stover Kulp. He remained
for one year and then accepted a call to the First Breth-
ren Church of Philadelphia. The project was so success-
ful, however, that the church decided to continue the
pastorate. George E. Yoder entered upon the work
July 1, 1919 and continues with good results.

Elders who have presided over Yellow Creek

Samuel Ullery

John M. Holsinger

Jacob Miller

Over New Enterprise :
Charles L. Buck, Dec. 10, 1893

Daniel Snowberger
Leonard Furry
Joseph Z. Replogle

David T. Detwiler,

April 19, 1912

Ministers, and date elected by Yellow Creek:

a Samuel Ullery

John Holsinger

b Isaac Ritchey, Sr

Jacob Snyder

Isaac Ritchey, Jr

Jacob Goughnour 1827

Martin Miller

David Brumbaugh

John M. Holsinger 1835

Andrew Snowberger 1841

Jacob Miller 1844

John Eshelman 1845

c Leonard Furo^ 1851

c Daniel Snowberger 1851

Christian Holsinger 1862

John B. Replogle 18/0

Joseph Z. Replogle 1875

d Samuel A. Moore

John L. Holsinger 1876

Charles L. Buck 1877

David M. Straley 18:8

Rinehart Z. Replogle 1880

Levi F. Holsinger 1884

Levi T. Stuckey 1884

d George S. Myers

David T. Detwiler 1887

a Moved in, perhaps, with the first settlers,
h Was elected in Snake Spri rg Valley.

c Called " twin preachers " because elected, advanced and ordained each time
on the same clay.

d Moved into the congregation.

Under name New Enterprise :

Harvey S. Replogle 1896 Guy Beach 1915

•Edgar M. Detwiler 1906 Kenneth Bechtel 1919

a Edward Holsinger 1907 Orville Holsinger 1919

a Elected while at Juniata College.

Deacons: 1827, Jacob Brown; 1837, Daniel Replogle, George M.
Holsinger; 1844, John Eshelman, Leonard Furry; 1849, Daniel
Snowberger, Alexander Holsinger; 1851, Daniel Holsinger, Jacob
Keifer; 1855, David Miller, John B. Replogle; 1862, Samuel Teeter,
Conrad Imler; 1865, David L. Replogle, Isaac Replogle; 1872, Jacob
Furry, Abram Sollenberger ; 1876, Samuel Burger, Adam Frederic;
date unknown, George Brumbaugh, Isaac Teeter, Jacob Longanecker,
Rheinhart Replogle, Daniel T. Miller.

135

A History of the Church of the Brethren

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Yellow Creek — New Enterprise. In the home of Daniel Snow-
berger Sunday-school was first organized in April, 1866. Samuel
Furry was made superintendent and served three summers. In
1869, Jacob B. Furry became superintendent and served till 1876.
At the James Creek convention in 1876, Daniel Snowberger and
Jacob B. Furry represented the New Enterprise school and made a
report, part of which is the following : " A constitution and by-laws
govern the school. In 1868 there were nine classes of male pupils,
53 in all, who committed 3,657 verses of scripture. Eleven classes
contained 54 pupils, who committed 3,314 verses. ... In 1870 total
number of scholars, 104. . . . For 1875 Jacob B. Furry, superin-
tendent. Total attendance, 122. Number of classes reading the Old
Testament, two ; German, one. School is opened with singing and
prayer and reading a chapter of scripture, after which the scholars
ask such questions as present themselves. Take no part in picnics.*

At the 1898 convention the school reported enrollment, 201 ; aver-
age, 86; raised $30.91 for supplies. In 1904 enrollment, 140; average,
85; 12 teachers; raised $69.46, of which $14.30 went to missions and
charity; teacher meetings. "Evergreen" since 1890. From 1908 on,
over 100 have enrolled in teacher training and a good percentage
of them received first year certificates.

Superintendents: 1866, Samuel Furry; , Jacob Furry, Charles

L. Buck; 1887-'93, David T. Detwiler; 1893-'04, Charles L. Buck;
1904-'08, William H. Mentzer; 1915, Levi T. Stuckey; 1916, Edgar
Furry; 1917, Levi T. Stuckey; 1918, Oscar Beach; 1919-'24, A. B.
Replogle.

Waterside. The Sunday-school was first started in the church on
May 14, 1876. George Brumbaugh and Isaac Replogle represented
at the 1876 convention but their report is not recorded. Two years
later Jacob Furry and Joseph Z. Replogle represented and report
an average attendance of 43 and 3,113 verses committed by one
person. f

Superintendents: 1895, Levi T. Holsinger ; 1896, Samuel B. Mad-
dock; 1907, William H. Mentzer; 1910-'12, Christian R. Holsinger;
1913, Albert R. Musselman; 1914, Christian R. Holsinger; 1915-'16,
John W. Baker; 1917, Christian R. Holsinger; 1918. John W.
Baker; 1919-'21, Ernest Replogle; 1922-'24, John W. Baker.

Salemville. The school was organized in the spring of 1909 with
David T. Detwiler, superintendent. They had twelve officers and
teachers that year, an enrollment of 112 and an average attendance
of 61 ; raised $24.39, of which $3.00 went to missions.

Superintendents: 1909-'10, David T. Detwiler; 1911, Levi T.
Stuckey; 1912, no school; 1913, A T. Replogle; 1914-'17, Burger C.
Baker; 1918, H. Stover Kulp ; 1919, N. S. Keagerise; 1920, George
E. Yoder; 1921, no school; 1922, Jason Hoover; 1923, Burger C.
Baker; 1924, S. A. Ford.

Snyder. Sunday-school was begun at Snyder as early as 1878,
because by letter a report was sent to the convention that fall. The

* Primitive Christian, 1876, p. 702.

f Primitive Christian and Pilgrim, 1878, p. 716.

136

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

school was discontinued after 1908, for there is no report after that
year.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The New Enterprise Society was organized on March 22, 1913,
in the home of Levi T. Holsinger. Officers : President, Mrs. Eliza-
beth Over ; vice-president, Maggie Snowberger ; secretary, Mrs.
Lydia Werking; treasurer, Mrs. Ella Snowberger. They had their
first meeting March 26, 1913, in the home of David T. Detwiler. Be-
ginning with January 1, 1922, Mrs. Rosa Reasy has been president.
With needle and offerings they have been able to make gifts as fol-
lows: To local church, $301.25; relief work, $124.53; to Bethany
Bible school, $20.00; to Foreign Missions, $165.30.

SNAKE SPRING*

Present Membership, 172.

Jacob Snyder, formerly of Berkley County, Virginia,
in 1784 moved from Hagerstown, Maryland into Croyle,
the earlier name for Snake Spring Valley. Having been
previously chosen, he was the first deacon located in the
original Yellow Creek territory. A few members had
preceded him into the valley and once a year Samuel
Ullery from the New Enterprise section, ordained in 1810
and the first bishop of what was known as the Old Yel-
low Creek congregation, would come over and in com-
pany with this deacon, extended the visit to these mem-
bers and preached some for them. These trips were
sometimes taken afoot and about three weeks time de-
voted to the work.

This Jacob Snyder in 1786 located near the big spring
on what is now the Snowberger farm. Here he built
himself a small shack, the ground for floor, and with his
wife and baby, lived until he could build a larger house.
In the shack, after he moved, he taught " reading and
writing and ' rithmetic/ " using the German New Testa-
ment for his reader. These few months of school gave
him the distinction of being the first school teacher in
the valley. It is said that in those days he took his grain
to Hagerstown, (Md.) to have it ground into flour. In
1811 he built the present brick house, size 33 x 33 feet.

* To Albert S., son of William S. Ritchey, the reader is indebted for much of the
information not given by his father in this sketch.

137

A History of the Church of the Brethren

He brought his workmen from Hagerstown and made
the brick on his farm.

Jacob Studebaker, married to Mary, daughter of Jacob
Snyder of Virginia, built in 1803 the large stone house
on the farm now owned by Elias Baker. In the bake-

The Snyder Residence on the Snowberger farm, built in 1811,

near the big spring. Here services were held in the upper

story for a number of years.

oven house, still standing on this place, the first lovefeast
in the valley was held.

In these early days the home served the purpose of
meeting house, and each one at all adapted took regular
turn in entertaining the very precious preaching occa-
sion.* It was in the spirit and need of these times that
in 1811 Jacob Snyder erected the large residence still
standing on what is known as the Snowberger farm and
located the house so that the water from the big spring

* John S. Hershberger writes Sept. 1, 1924, " I have a distinct recollection of a
number of benches made from slabs kept above in the dry house and when our
turn came to have the meeting, these were taken down and placed in my father's
house to provide for preaching day. My mother told me that when these meet-
ings came around the custom was to give dinner to all who came to meeting.
I remember distinctly the building of the meeting house in 1861. I write these
things because I was an eye-witness to them."

138

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

close by ran through the cellar. The first floor was ar-
ranged for living rooms and the second was finished in
one large room, 33 x 33 feet, and was used for meeting
house. It was in this room that the good old fashioned
spiritual meetings were held about which some of the
grandfathers tell and many found Jesus as their Saviour
and later emigrating to western states became the found-
ers of churches. Among those who were thus used of
the Lord are the names of Studebaker, Ullery, Snyder,
Hendricks, and Snowberger.*

Some time near 1820, Snake Spring Valley congrega-
tion was organized. The line between it and Yellow
Creek started at the old stone house on Bayers farm and
continued to Evitts Mountain at the Sell farm. Other
boundaries were needless, for the unoccupied field, south
of Everett to the Maryland line, eastward into Fulton
and westward into Somerset Counties, looked to Snake
Spring for spiritual guidance.

Isaac Ritchey, Senior, son of Francis Ritchey, who be-
longed to the Reformed Church, was the first minister
and later the first bishop of this congregation. He died
in 1845 and left the work in the hands of Jacob Snyder,
who died May 25, 1848. Before these bishops passed
away, Jacob Steele was called to the ministry and did the
first English preaching in the church in these parts, but
English was so unpopular among these sturdy German
members that rather than advance him to the oversight
they did without a resident elder until Andrew Snow-
berger was ordained in 1872.

The Snyder up-stairs room served the purpose of meet-
ing house long and well but in time sentiment grew
strong enough to pass a decision in 1860 to build a frame
house for the congregation on the lowlands of the Daniel
Hershberger farm. Martin Hoover was contractor as
he afterwards was for several houses built in this
congregation.

Two years later the congregation erected what is
known as the Yellow Creek house on land owned by
Jacob Steele on the Hopewell-Loysburg road, about nine
miles north of Everett.

* John Snowberger, son of Andrew, once the bishop in this congregation, bap-
tized the editor of this book.

139

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Again in 1865 the church set herself to erect a house
of worship, this time in the " Cove " across the mountain
from Snake Spring Valley in what is now the Koontz
congregation.

From a compilation made by William S. Ritchey the
foregoing is gleaned. Much of it was handed down to
him through tradition and the other part comes within
his own experiences.

Perhaps as early as the first half of the last century
members located in the vicinity of Clearville. Among
these early families Daniel Snyder, in whose home
meetings were held before they were taken to the school
houses, is prominent. Other families noted, — Thomas
Dibert, John B. Smith, Isaac Ritchey, John Dibert.
Among the ministers who served this group in these
early days are the names of Henry Hershberger, Jacob
Steele, Graybill Myers, Andrew Snowberger, Jr., Wil-
liam S. Ritchey and Jacob Koontz. For a number of
years meetings were held in the Calhoun, Weimer, Kerr
and Clearville schoolhouses. In 1872, the Snake Spring
congregation to which this group belonged, erected the
first Cherry Lane house. The deed, made by Daniel
Snyder and John B. Smith, dated April 13, 1872, was
given to the Snake Spring Valley congregation. The
house erected was 38 x 48 feet. The building committee
was Thomas Dibert, Daniel Hershberger and Daniel
Snyder.*

According to the " Record of the Faithful " f the Snake
Spring congregation was organized in 1840 with 100
members ; their first house was erected in 1861. In
1881-'82 they had a membership of 218. Jacob Koontz
was bishop, William S. Ritchey, John S. Baker and John
B. Fluck in the second degree.

On May 31, 1879, " it was agreed that a book called a
Church book or record should be kept and John B. Fluck
was chosen as secretary. It was further agreed that the
proceedings of council meetings be made on a separate
sheet of paper and that at the close of each meeting the
minutes should be read and only such transactions re-

* To Daniel W. Dibert the reader is indebted for this early history of the
Cherry Lane house.

t Published by Howard Miller in 1882.

140

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

corded as the body in council shall decide/' Thus be-
gins the earliest record of this congregation. This is
given in full here because so many congregations do not
even yet know the value of reading the minutes at the
close of the session instead of at the beginning of the
next session.

At this same meeting the question of starting a Sun-
day-school was " discussed and decided in favor of a
school by a vote of 27 to 13." To accommodate the mem-
bers living down towards the Maryland line, some time in
the early part of 1879 or the year before, it was decided
to build what is now known as Artemas Church. At
the time the locality was known as the Southampton
" branch " or congregation. The earliest record shows
that on October 25, 1879, " Daniel Snyder, John Stayer,
Thomas Dibert and John Bennett, soliciting committee,
and Israel Bennett, building committee, and Samuel
Kagarise, carpenter," reported settlement to the congre-
gation at Snake Spring Valley house. The total expendi-
ture was $731.79, with an added bill for " stoves and
pipe, five lamps, two candlesticks, flue pipe, broom, etc.,
of $27.99." It was opened for use in October, 1879.

At a meeting preceding the foregoing settlement,
(August 2, '79) " it was revealed that some able mem-
bers failed to contribute any towards the building of said
(Southampton) meeting house." A committee of three
was appointed to wait on such members and make report
to later meeting. . . . That " members should not leave
the house without legal excuse before the close of meet-
ing " was made a matter of record and the basis for dis-
cipline of some kind.

At the meeting (April 24, 1880), the query, "Should a
brother act on a committee to build a union church?'
was answered, " Not without consulting the church."
... u It was allowed to hold social singings in all the
churches if conducted in the order of the Brethren."

Musical instruments about this time gave the congre-
gation deep concern. In 1883 it was decided that a mem-
ber should not have an organ in the house and the few
who have them were given until June 6, 1885, to remove
them. At this date, however, a committee, William
Howe, Daniel Keller and Solomon Sieber, appointed by

141

i*>

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tsJ

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, Ss<

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C'y

b*
%

<3"

•v

§3

fv*

«N

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■y

.N"

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- %

Diagram of appointments made by Jolin B. Fluck for the use of ministers in the
Snake Spring Valley congregation. Through kindness of Mrs. C. Knisely,

of Everett.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the District Meeting- in April, 1885, in response to a peti-
tion signed by seventy-six names, met with the church
and it was " decided that a proper use of the instrument
could not be made a test of fellowship.1' The commit-
tee's report was accepted thus: "Positive, 21; Negative,
5; Optional, 11."

April 21, 1887, the query, " whether members of our
church should unite with the Women's Christian Tem-
perance Union," was sent to District Meeting for answer.

About 1880 or earlier, Jacob Koontz, William S.
Ritchey, John B. Pluck, and Henry Clapper began to
make preaching tours southeast from Everett, about ten
miles, because here were located John Snyder and wife
Hannah, Nathon Welch and wite Mary A., Anthony
Spade and wife Rosa, Abram Garlick and wife Luennia,
and other scattered members. The congregation met
(Feb. 10, 1883) in the Snake Spring house k< to determine
the propriety of building the Rays Hill house," later
known as Brush Creek or Snvder house, the intent
thereby to serve these members so distant from the home
church. A locating committee was appointed and two
weeks later reported '* a suitable location near the Union
lot on Enos Wink's land. " Wink sold the land for
$13.00, which amount was immediately covered by two
subscriptions." Daniel Hershberger, John Baker and
John S. Snyder were appointed " to go on and build ac-
cording to their best judgment and secure title to the
land." John B. Fluck was contractor and builder. This
committee had a subscription of $405.00 when they began
the building. The house is a frame, 24 x 32 feet, without
basement.

For some reason, perhaps the location was not so
favorable, after about thirty years use the Snake Spring-
house did not suit the members and on February 1, 1890,
it was decided to build a new church. Fifty-one favored
an entire new house while sixteen voted to repair the old
one. When it came to location for the new church,
'forty voted for location on John S. Baker's land below
Samuel Ritchey's, at the old log house and twenty-three
favored the old location." At the March meeting it was
decided the house should be the same size as the old one,
40 x 60 feet, but sixteen feet high and the basement eight

143

A History of the Church of the Brethren

feet high. Building committee : Solomon Hershberger,
William Forney and Philip Wyles. The house was com-
pleted at a cost of $1,763.99. Brice Sell was the first to
preach in the new house.

January 13, 1891, the congregation decided to observe
single mode of feet washing.

Then, in 1894, over in Buck's Valley in Fulton County,
the seventh church was erected to meet the needs of the

The Snake Spring House.

members in that section. John Crawford, Robert Car-
son, John Bennett, Peter Mellott, John U. Snyder and
John B. Fluck were made a committee " to build, pay
for the church and appoint its own treasurer/' Robert
Carson was made treasurer. The house was erected the
following summer. It is a frame structure without
basement.

Because of the rapid growth, and needs of the members
living in the city of Everett, arrangements were made
(Dec. 16, 1893) for them to complete a separate con-
gregation.

It was thought wise to set off the territory south of
Monroe township, Bedford County, to itself. This was
done July 17, 1897. The new congregation adopted the
name Artemas.

July 16, 1898 the " brethren and sisters were admon-

144

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ished to stay away from county fairs and places of
amusement, lest they fall into the judgment of the
church."

The members in the " Cove " felt the need of a house

Some Members of the Snake Spring Valley Congregation.

better adapted to their growing work and in 1904 the
present building was put up. The committee to erect it
consisted of Solomon Hershberger, Jacob Guyer and
Calvin Detwiler. It is a substantial, well arranged frame
building 40 x 60 feet, basement, costing $1,800.00, suit-

145

A History of the Church of the Brethren

able to hold lovefeasts. On October 1, 1903, David T.
Detwiler conducted the dedicatory service.

Likewise the Cherry Lane members outgrew their
house, for in 1913 a new one was erected on land given
by Daniel Snyder, at a more advantageous location than
where the former house stood. The building committee
were Aaron Stayer, Elmer Pittman and Andrew Garlick.
A good frame house, 40 x 60 feet and kitchen 12 x 20 feet
at the back, was dedicated February 23, 1913. Mahlon
J. Weaver (using 2 Tim. 2:20 for his text), led in the
dedicatory exercises. This gave this group of members
a " lovefeast house " and laid the foundation for future
growth. In 1924 they were organized into a separate
congregation.

To meet the requirements for the Sunday-school the
Snake Spring house was remodeled at an expense of
$1,200.00. The changes included two Sunday-school
rooms at the entrance. On October 26, 1913, the congre-
gation assembled for a rededication. Mahlon J. Weaver
led in this dedication, using for his text I Kings 8 : 1 and
Eph. 2 : 20-22.

Perhaps there is not another congregation in the
brotherhood that has such a record of building meeting
houses as Snake Spring Valley. This is due simply to
her response to the needs of the several groups in her
very large territory.

Bishops presiding:

Isaac Ritchey, Sr to 1845 Jacob Koons . . . Oct. 22, 1881-'03

Jacob Snyder 1845-'48 William S. Ritchey 1903-'20

Without resident bishop. 1848-72 Daniel M. VanHorn, 1920-
Andrew Snowberger, Sr. 1872-74 March 19, 1923

Henry Hershberger, 1875- David A. Staver 1923-'24

March 4, 1877

The following ministers were elected in the Snake Spring Church :

Isaac Ritchey Jacob Koontz 1869

Tacob Snyder, Jr David Clapper 1871

Jacob Steele William Ritchey 1873

Andrew Snowberger John Bennett 1876

Isaac Ritchey, Jr John Baker 1878

Sylvanus Bennett 1851 John B. Fluck 1879

Abraham Ritchey 1851 Christian Kniselv 1883

Henry Clapper 1858 David Snyder .1887

Henry Hershberger 1863 Solomon Hershberger . . . . . 1895

146

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Daniel M. VanHorn 1895 Wilson Hoover ... 1907

Herman Guyer 1908 Roy Hockenberry

Joseph Snyder 1904 Elmer Butts i912

Daniel Diebert 1904 Henry Koontz Jan 4 1913

Alva Shuss 1907 Adam Snyder Jan. 4, 1913

Edward Hershberger 1907 Dorsey I. Pepple 1917

Deacons: before 1863, Jacob Snyder, Jr., Henry Snyder, Sr.,
Daniel S. Snyder, Daniel S. Hershberger, John U. Snyder, Daniel
B Snyder, Daniel Shuss, Philip Wyles, James C. Snyder, Solomon
Hershberger, George A. Snyder, Joseph F. Snyder, Jacob Hersh-
berger, John S. Snyder, David Hershberger; Jan. 1, 1863, Daniel K.
Snyder; April 24, 1887, Jacob Guyer, Daniel Guyer; June 8, 1895,
Herman Guyer, Samuel Beeler, Andrew Snowberger; October 12,
1913, Roy Dibert, Albert Claar, Andrew Garlick.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

Tradition has it that a Sunday-school was started by Henry
Hershberger in the first Snake Spring Valley Church, built in 1860.
This school may have been earlier than the seventies, but after two
summers, because of opposition it was forced to close. The elder,
Andrew Snowberger, gave it no encouragement. A little later an-
other school was opened by George Hershberger in the Valley Mill
No. 3 school house. In the course of a few months it was trans-
ferred to the church, but opposition drove it back to the school
house and finally it was abandoned.

Under date of August 26, 1878 William Forney makes the follow-
ing interesting report* of the Snake Spring Sunday-school: "We,
the brethren, a few in number, met at the Ritchey schoolhouse on
the 2nd day of June, 1878, and organized by electing Christopher
Knisely superintendent and George Hershberger assistant superin-
tendent. Since Brother Knisely failed to attend, Brother Hersh-
berger has taken the superintendency upon himself, and we think the
school is in prosperous condition. Our average attendance is about
forty-five. Our school is opened by singing and praver, after which
a chapter is read by the school, and then read by the superintendent
or some one else, and an opportunity given to each and every one
to ask and answer questions upon the same, than close by singing
We use the Brethren's hymn books. We are also taking the " Young
Disciple to distribute among the scholars, and are very much
pleased with it."

In 1887 Daniel M. Van Horn, then a member of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, started a Sunday-school in Valley Mill No. 3
school house. After it was conducted for two years it was ad-
mitted into the Snake Spring house and fostered by the congrega-
tion. Simon Mixel, its first superintendent, was elected by the con-
gregation. In 1898 the school represented at the convention and re-
ported enrollment, 110; average attendance, 77; raised $8.50 for
supplies for the school; continued seven months of the year. In
1904 it had an average attendance of 62; eight teachers; raised

* See Primitive Christian and Pilgrim, 1878, p. 622.

147

A History of the Church of the Brethren

$26.07, of which amount $6.50 was given to missions or charitable
purposes, and twenty-one of the scholars were received into the
church bv baptism. The school became " evergreen " in 1912.

Superintendents: 1870, Henry Hershberger ; 1878, George Hersh-
berger; 1887, Daniel M. Van Horn; 1889, Simon Mixel, Solomon
Hershberger; 1897-'00, Joseph F. Snyder; 1901, not known; 1902-,03,
Isaac Snvder; 1904, E. Tvson Price; 1905, not known; 1906, Howard
Hershberger; 1907, E. Tyson Price; 1908, Theodore Steele;
1909-'ll, Dorsey I. Pepple ; 1911-'12, Adam A. Snyder; 1912-'16,
Albert S. Ritchey; 1916-'22, Alva Shuss ; 1922-'25, Clayton Z. Diehl.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

This society began first in the Willing Workers Sunday-school
class of the Snake Spring Valley Sunday-school, consisting of young
married women and girls. On April 25, 1921, the congregation
recognized the society and it was organized by electing Mrs. Sara
Cowen, president; Miss Minnie Snyder, secretary and Mrs. Adam
Snyder, treasurer. The presidents have been :

Mrs. Sara Cowan, till January 1, 1922; Mrs. John Snyder, till
January 1, 1925.

The total of the Society's efforts, in general terms, are the fol-
lowing :

Equipment for the church, such as baptismal suit etc., $10.00;
Home Mission, $20.00; Green County, Virginia, Home, $20.00.

DUNNINGS CREEK*

Present Membership, 99.

The foot-hill country of St. Clair and Napier Town-
ships, Bedford County, on the eastern slope of the Alle-
gheny Mountain is the territory, twelve miles east and
west and twenty-five miles north and south, which this
congregation assigned to itself even though its north and
south lines do not touch boundaries of other congrega-
tions of the Brethren. Because Early Yellow Creek (now
New Enterprise) extended to the Allegheny Mountain on
the west, this was a part of that congregation.

When, on April 1, 1841, George M. Holsinger, a deacon
and George Stull, lay-member, moved from Morrison's
Cove to Dunnings Creek, they found John Garber, a min-
ister too timid to preach, and some half dozen members
already located. Whence these came is not known.

* To Blough's History of Western Pennsylvania Churches, — Dunning' s Creek,
and to Thomas B. Mickle, the reader is indented for most of the information in
this sketch.

148

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Others moved in shortly and a nucleus for a preaching
place was formed.

The little group went to work, too. About 1843, George
M. Holsinger and Moses Rogers were called to the min-
istry and perhaps Robert Callahan, Senior, was made
deacon. Then a friend, Christian Mock whose wife was
a member, gave three-quarters of an acre on the Layton
road about two miles from Pleasantville as a building

:*rttpf

H\L^t ***':

The Mock Church,, erected in 1843 or '44.

site for a church and in 1844 the little group had com-
pleted the log house which is still standing and known
as Mock Church. At the dedication Leonard Furry
spoke. The members were much encouraged. While
their ministers were young and inexperienced in the min-
istry, much of the preaching was done by Martin Miller,
Christian Long and others. But because these spoke in
the German and were not readily understood, the congre-
gation invited ministers from the Conemaugh congrega-
tion near Johnstown to come over and speak to the people
in the English. It is related with justifiable pride that
such brethren as Levi Roberts, nearly seventy years old
and Peter Lutz, much younger, did not shrink from
walking the twenty miles over that Allegheny Mountain

149

A History of the Church of the Brethren

to hold three services over a week-end. Also that every
four weeks John Mineely, though crippled, would endure
the horseback ride to render a like service.

Because of isolation the little group, through the years,
had been holding its own council meetings and lovefeasts
in barns. The year 1870 marked a great turn in the life
of the church. For in that year they built a " lovefeast
house," meaning one with a kitchen and necessary con-
veniences for holding the agape. It is known as the Hol-

Tiie Holsinger House.

singer house, located on the Fyock road leading across
the Allegheny to Rummel. The house is 40 x 50 feet,
cost the congregation about $500.00, and was dedicated
in November, 1870. Henry Clapper preached the dedi-
catory sermon.

Following up the enthusiasm which the new house
gave, the congregation now numbering fifty decided to
organize and did so on January 15, 1871. First it or-
dained John S. Holsinger and then chose him as elder.
He was thereby the first resident elder in the territory.
It also elected Thomas Holsinger, treasurer. Gideon
Rogers was a minister in the second degree and John B.
Miller in the first.

Though on the eastern slope of the Allegheny Moun-
tain, the new congregation was so much nearer the large

150

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

body of members in and around Johnstown that by the
consent of both districts it was transferred, about 1874, to
the Western district of Pennsylvania.

According to the " Record of the Faithful,'' * this con-
gregation was a part of Western District of Pennsyl-
vania. It was organized in 1871 with 50 members. It
had two church houses. John S. Holsinger was bishop ;
George Rogers was in the second and John B. Miller in
the first degree of the ministry.

The internal growth of the congregation during the
following years is an interesting study. The members,
somewhat scattered, wanted places of worship " near

Ministers Who Have Served in Dunnings Creek.

Left to right: Levi Rogers, Abraham Fyock, George H. Miller, and

Thomas B. Mickle.

home." Thus it came about that a house, 30x40 feet,
was erected at Point. On September 20, 1893, the house
was dedicated, John B. Fluck and Michael Claar con-
ducting the service. These brethren had been conduct-
ing a revival meeting in the house, beginning August 14.t
Then, in 1905, a house, 36 x 50 feet, costing $3,600.00',
was erected in New Paris. This was dedicated on De-
cember 30, 1905. Brother William J. Swigart preached

* Published by Howard Miller in 1882.

f Gospel Messenger, 1893, p. 636. Report of John B. Miller.

151

A History of the Church of the Brethren

in the morning, using for his text Hebrew 10 : 25. In the
evening Charles B. Smith preached.

In 1916 this congregation transferred its membership
from the Western to the Middle District of Pennsylvania.

The New Paris Church.

Bishops presiding :

John S. Holsinger Jan. 15, 1871

John B. Miller 1893

Levi Rogers 1912

Abram Fyock moved in 1915

Thomas B. Mickle 1917

Ministers :

George M. Holsinger about 1843

Moses Rogers about 1843

John S. Holsinger about 1850

John B. Furry 1858

Gideon Rogers Jan. 2, 1864

John Rogers Jan. 2, 1864

Christ S. Holsinger Jan. 15, 1875

Levi Rogers June 13, 1885

George H. Miller Sep. 7, 1894

Thomas B. Mickle March 16, 1901

Oliver S. Corle March 16, 1901

George W. Rogers Jan. 27, 1918

152

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Deacons : about 1843, Robert Callahan, Sr. ; about 1850, Thomas S.
Holsinger; 1858, John Rogers; August 26, 1865, Joseph Holsinger,
John B. Miller; January 15, 1871, George Callahan, Christian S.
Holsinger; 1875, Archibald Wissinger, Albert Blackburn; June 13.
1885, Henry Wentz, Robert Callahan, Elias Snowberger ; June 23,
1889, David B. Rouser, Michael S. Miller; March 16, 1901, James
C. Smith, Samuel L. Lappe, Lewis Gordon ; January 27, 1909, An-
drew D. Rouser, Jesse Smith; October 13, 1913, George Smith,
William Blackburn; May 14, 1915, Emanuel F. Callahan, Jordan
Mock.

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Holsinger. This school was organized in the Holsinger house,
date unknown, by electing Gideon Rogers, superintendent; Joseph
Holsinger, secretary and Thomas Holsinger, treasurer. In 1916
when this school came under the supervision of the District, it was
"evergreen," enrollment, 75; average, 47; 8 teachers; raised $24.61.

Superintendents: 1916, Sewell Rogers; 1917-'08, O. Sherman
Mock; 1919-'21, John J. Rogers; 1922-'23, Mrs. David L. Miller;
1924, Ruie Mock.

New Paris. The school in 1916 reported total enrollment, 25;
average, 10; 5 teachers; raised $9.00, of which $3.00 went to benevo-
lences ; conducted nine months of year.

Superintendents: 1916, Allen Harbaugh; 1917-'18, Andrew D.
Rowzer; 1919-'20, Allen Harbaugh; 1921, E. D. Weaver; 1922-'24,
Thomas B. Mickle.

Point. In 1916, when this school came into the district, it reported
total enrollment, 27 '; average, 15; 5 teachers; raised $18.48, of which
$3.00 went to benevolence ; continued nine months of the year.

Superintendents: 1916-'18, George H. Miller; 1919-'24, Jesse C.
Smith.

YELLOW CREEK*

Present Membership, 200.

What is now known as the Yellow Creek congrega-
tion had its beginning in a meeting held about 1830, in
the home of Samuel and Esther Ritchey Stayer on the
Lamberson farm in Hopewell Township, a few miles
from the town of Hopewell. It is probable that brethren
from New Enterprise or Snake S!pring Valley conducted
the services. Seven, one of whom was Jacob Steele, ac-
cepted Christ. He and Esther Stayer with great zeal and
persistency held prayer meetings in the homes of mem-

* To David A. Stayer and Joseph Clapper the reader is indebted for informa-
tion herein given concerning- this congregation. It is greatly to be regretted that
records earlier than April 30, 1898, are not available; because of this the history
of this congregation is not as complete as justly should be given for one as
old as it is.

153

A History of the Church of the Brethren

bers and friends. Soon after Brother Steele was called

to the ministry; and with the leadership of Henry Clap-
per the group of members
increased rapidly. With the
help of Snake Spring Valley
members they were able to
build, in 1862, a good frame
house, 40 x 70 feet, with base-
ment, on a plot of ground just
across the road from the pres-
ent church site, which lot Jacob
Steele sold to them. On Janu-
ary 9, 1872, the group were
organized into a separate con-
gregation. The following
boundary lines were estab-
lished : on the west Tussey
Mountain ; on the south the

Juniata River ; on the east Rays Hill Mountain ; on the

north the Huntingdon County line.

Of the membership, Jacob Steele and Henry Clapper

George and Priscilla Clapper.

deacon in the Yellow Creek

Church.

Yellow Creek Church.

were ministers ; John Dilling and George Clapper,
deacons ; Jacob Steele was elected bishop.

The " Record of the Faithful " * states that this con-
gregation, under the name Hopewell, was organized in
1850 with four members. Its first house was erected in

* Published in 1882 by Howard Miller.

154

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

1850 (? Editor). In 1881-82 it had three houses and a
membership of 207. Jacob Steele was bishop. Henry
Clapper, David Clapper, John S. Rush were in the second
and Samuel Ritchey in the first degree of the ministry.

The congregation increased in membership, A special
season of blessing occurred in February, 1887, when fifty-
three were received into the church by baptism and four

Bethel Church.

reclaimed through the ministry of the word of Jesse
Calvert.* The old house was no longer adequate and it
was decided to tear down, and build a new church.
George Steele, John Burket, William Steele, Edward
Steele, Emanuel Clapper were building committee. The
present splendid frame house, 40 x 60 feet with kitchen,
no basement, costing about $2,000.00, was dedicated De-
cember 31, 1899. William J. Swigart preached the dedi-
catory sermon, using for his text 2 Chron. 2 : 4.

As early as 1860, in an old log school house northeast
of Tatesville along John's branch, preaching was con-
ducted by such brethren as John Steele, Henry Hersh-
berger, Henry Clapper, David Clapper, Samuel Ritchie
and others, because gathered around this centre and lo-
cated on farms were the families of John K. Bowser,
George H. Knisely, Levi Brallier, Jeremiah E. Gates,
John, Jacob Burket and other members. In 1885 the first
house, a small frame, called Bethel, was built on a plot of
land bought of Jeremiah E. Gates for $1.00. This house
served their purpose for nearly twenty years. The

* Gospel Messenger, March 1, 1887.

155

A History of the Church of the Brethren

present house was erected in 1903. Building" committee,
David A. Stayer, Jeremiah E. Gates, Levi Brallier,
George Batzel, William Burket. It is a frame structure
with kitchen in rear, 35 x 50 feet over all and cost about
$2,000.00. On October 11, 1903, Milton C. Swigart of
Philadelphia led them in their dedicatory exercises. Of
the membership of the Yellow Creek congregation of
which Bethel is a part, this group numbers 125.*

Bishops who have presided over the congregation with date :

Jacob Steele, 1872; Henry Clapper, ; George W. Brumbaugh,

; John S. Rush, ; David A. Stayer.

Ministers who have been elected or moved in : David S. Clapper,
; John S. Rush, ; Samuel Ritchie, ; John Bowser,

George Knisely, ; David A. Stayer, 1891; James H. Morris,

1902; George E. Batzel, 1907; William Steele, 1907; Joseph H.
Clapper, 1914; Paul Dilling, 1923.

Deacons : Up to 1903 the following were elected, but date not
known : George Clapper, John Dilling, David A. Stayer, John
Burket, Daniel Snyder, John H. Burket, Samuel Ritchie, John
Bowser, George Knisely, George E. Steele, Abraham Steele, Isaac
Steele, Alfred Simmons, Frank Ritchey, Edward B. Steele, John T.
Burket, Josiah Clapper, William Morris, John Clapper, Jonathan
Hoover, Emanuel Clapper, Jeremiah E. Gates; 1903, George Batsel,
William Burket; 1905, Irvin Fluke, Charles Boor; 1906. Harvey
B. E. Border; 1914, Levi Greenawalt; 1915, William Fluke.

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Yellow Creek. Its beginning not known. The school did not
represent at 1898 convention, but was " evergreen " in 1904; how
much earlier is not known. In that year it had an average attend-
ance of 35; had five teachers; raised $30.15, of which $6.97 was
given to missions or charitable purposes. The superintendents and
time of service as far as known, are as follows : L. H. Thomas,

1891; Edward B. Steele, ; William M. Steele, 1904-'07; Joseph

Clapper, 1907-'18; 1919-'24, Edward P. Steele.

Bethel. This school was organized in 1886 with Daniel Ritchey,
superintendent. It was "evergreen" in 1904 and how much earlier
record is not at hand. In that year it had an average attendance of
57; seven teachers; raised $21.69, of which $6.69 was given to mis-
sions or charitable work. In 1908-'09 it had a class of twelve in
teacher training, seven completing the course. In 1923-'24 twelve
again enrolled.

Superintendents, as far as available: 1883, Daniel Ritchie; till
1903, not known; 1904-'07, Harry Burkett; 1908, George Batzel;
1909, Harry E. Border; 1910-'ll, Harry Burkett; 1912-'16, Ed-
ward B. Steele; 1917, William Fluke; 1918, Harry E. Border;
1919-'20, G. Frank Ritchey; 1921-'24, Harry E. Border.

* To Levi Greenawalt the reader is indebted for the early history of the
Bethel group.

156

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

EVERETT*

Present Membership, 264.

The territory east of Tussey Mountain between the
Juniata River and Tatesville, and extending eastward to
Rays Hill Mountain, now known as the Everett congre-
gation, was originally an undivided section of country
cared for by both Yellow Creek and Snake Spring Val-
ley congregations. How early members located here is
not known, but among them were Daniel and Annie
Ritchey, Mrs. David Karns, Jacob and Phoebe Burket,
Joseph Snowberger, Joseph and Elizabeth McDaniel,
Simon Ritchey, Jacob and Lucinda Ritchey. Preaching,
mostly in Rays Cove, was supplied by both Snake
Spring Valley and Yellow Creek ministers, among whom
may be mentioned Henry Hershberger, Jacob Steele,
Henry Clapper, John S. Rush, David Stayer, Samuel A.
Moore and William S. Ritchey. Later this work de-
volved upon David S. Clapper, Alfred T. Simmons, John
S. Hershberger and George Batzel.

Ground being donated by Jacob Burket, the Fairview
house, five miles east from Everett, was erected in 1887
at a cost of about $500.00. Building committee : William
Simmons, Jacob Burket and David S. Clapper. Dedica-
tion day was so stormy that no special service was held.f
At this place services at stated intervals have been held
ever since, though the congregation has not increased in
numbers very greatly.

In Everett and immediate vicinity the following mem-
bers were living when on April 1, 1891, David S. and
Susan Clapper and daughter Laura moved near the north
borough lines : Benjamin and Susan Mahoney, Lorenzo
D. Bouser, William and Eliza Simmons, Alfred T. and
Laura Simmons, Luther and Mary Miller, Joseph and
Tilitha Crawford, Philip Knisely, John S. Hershberger,
James Q. Hershberger, Mrs. Margaret Calhoun, Jacob
and Margaret Lingenfelter.

Services were greatly desired and no suitable place
available, seats were placed in David S. Clapper's barn-

* To John S. Hershberger and Ira A. Holsopple the reader is indebted for in-
formation of this sketch.

t This house was erected while the territory belonged to Yellow Creek con-
gregation.

157

Upper: Beginning May, 1891, services were held in David Clapper's barn.
Second: In 1892, the Temporary Church of Everett. Third: In 1895, the
first house on the present site. Fourth : The Present Church.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

~—

floor and beginning with May, 1891, a preaching service
was held every two weeks. David S. Clapper did most
of the preaching and spent much time in pastoral work.
When the barn was needed to store the harvest, the seats
were moved across the road into Joseph Tates' grove.
During the summer some ten united with the church by
baptism. In the early fall John M. Mohler held a series
of meetings and seven united. The following winter
a vacated Church house was rented and used. Silas
Hoover of Somerset County held a revival from October
21 to 25 and fifteen were added to the membership. The
next summer (1892) a dwelling vacated at the ore mines
near Tatesville was bought for $14.00, moved near David
S. Clapper's home, repaired to make a room 16x24 feet,
and furnished, — all for $90.00. Here the Everett Sun-
day-school was organized that same summer; and here
in the latter part of October, 1892, the first lovefeast was
held, Conrad G. Lint of Myersdale officiating.

Though a temporary organization (no record was kept
of it) seems to have been formed in 1892, it was not until
December 16, 1893, that a complete one was effected.
George W. Brumbaugh of Clover Creek was chosen
bishop ; Alfred Simmons, secretary ; and Lorenzo D.
Rouser, treasurer. On April 7, 1894, the church sent its
first delegate, Alfred T. Simmons, to the General Con-
ference at Myersdale and John S. Hershberger to the
District Meeting at Woodbury.

Two years after the organization forty-two members
had been added. Growth and interest were most marked
and gratifying. A more commodious house of worship
was agitated and this crystalized on October 2, 1894, into
appointing a committee which on New Year's day, 1895,
recommended the corner of Water and Second Streets
as a site for the new church. The location was accepted.
Building committee: William Simmons, Francis Baker,
John S. Hershberger, Luther Miller, George Burket and
Alfred T. Simmons. The building 35x50x14 feet,
brick-veneered, was framed mostly from lumber taken
from an old planing mill and purchased for $100.00, while
the brick for the casing was niade and placed in the wall
by^Jamei Q. and John S: H^shberger for^otfe cent £ach.
A vestibule 7x10 was built at the front. Seating ca-

159

Solomon Hershberger, a minister, and his wife, (above), always had their mem-
bership and labored in the Snake Spring Valley congregation. The others on
the page are at present members of the Everett congregation.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

pacity, 350. The cash outlay was $2,244.00. It was dedi-
cated October 6, 1*895, Martin G. Brumbaugh delivering
the dedicatory address and using as his text Psalms
122 : 1. In the evening William J. Swigart spoke from
Acts 22 : 22.

Januar}^ 16, 1896, the congregation adopted parlia-
mentary rules to govern their deliberations in council.
The following council (March 30) decided to place "two
small contribution boxes in the back part of the church."
" Young people's meeting on Sunday evening " was de-
cided upon (July 16, 1896) "when there was no preach-
ing in the morning, to secure if possible a greater interest
in church work by our young members. "

While Everett from her beginning was recognized as
a separate congregation, her territorial bounds were not
fixed until a joint meeting of the Snake Spring Valley
and Everett congregations was held on July 16, 1896, in
the Everett house. There " it was decided that the sum-
mit of Tussey Mountain should be the line to where it
intersects with the river at the big rock below Mr. Dallas
station : then the river be the line to the Raystown cross-
ing (as it was) ; then the turnpike to be the line to the
summit of Sidling Hill."

The District Meeting was asked (March 27, 1899) " to
consider the propriety of owning a tent to be used in
holding meetings in the summer season in places where
we have no church house convenient. "

On July 10, 1899, by consent of Snake Spring Valley
congregation, Earlston school district, south of the
Juniata River, was added.

Growth continued to be most marked and more room
was needed to meet the demands of the rapidly growing
Sunday-school. On February 10, 1913, the congregation
decided to enlarge and remodel its house. 35 x 18 feet
were added to the rear, 43 x 13.5 feet on the north, and
an entrance tower on the front corner, 10 x 10 feet. These
additions provided ten class rooms for Sunday-school,
four of which, when occasion demands it, can be thrown
into the main auditorium. The pool that had been con-
structed in the yard " back of the church " by a decision
made November 22, 1897, was abandoned and a baptistry
placed in the house. During the entire time of remodel-

161

A History of the Church of the Brethren

ing, services were held regularly in the building. John
H. Cassady dedicated the remodeled house on August
24, 1913.

Through David S. Clapper moving from the congrega-
tion and Alfred T. Simmons suddenly passing away, the
burden of leadership from 1895 has rested upon John S.
Hershberger. The members have stood by him faithfully
and the congregation never became an expense to the
District Mission Board. Much ministerial help was re-
ceived from the students of Juniata College. Among
them A. Brown Miller, Charles C. Ellis and J. Arthur
Culler should have special mention.

Mahlon J. Weaver, as the first pastor, served from
June, 1912, to January, 1918. On April 1 following, Ira
C. Holsopple was employed and continues at present in
the pastorate.

Bishops presiding :

George W. Brumbaugh Dec. 16, 1895

David Stayer May 27, 1899

John S. Hershberger May 19, 1901

Minister at the time of organization: David Clapper.

Ministers elected :

Alfred T. Simmons Feb. 15, 1894

John S. Heshberger Aug. 4, 1894

Alonzo L. Simmons June 5, 1898

Isaac Ritchey June 4, 1905

Ministers received by letter :

John S. Baker, John Clapper, Wiliam Steele, Mahlon J. Weaver,
Marling J. Maust, Howard S. Hershberger, Roy Hockenberry,
Dorsey I. Pepple, Ira C. Holsopple.

Deacons : February 13, 1894, William Morris, Luther Miller, John
S. Hershberger; November 28, 1895, James Q. Hershberger; June 5,
1898, Lorenzo D. Rouser, Frederic Burket; January 17, 1900, Wil-
liam Crawford; November 8, 1903, Willard Clapper, Howard Sim-
mons; November 26, 1906, John Drenning, Elmer Whetstone; De-
cember 18, 1912, Wilson Burket; May 5, 1918, Oscar Snyder, Chester
England; November 23, 1920, Emanuel Barkman, Paul B. Hersh-
berger; December 16, 1920, John C. Baker, Jacob Lashley and
Charles Boor were received by letter.

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Everett. As soon as the first meeting house was completed in
1892, Sunday-school was organized. Alfred T. Simmons was the
first superintendent. At the convention of 1898 it reported on en-
rollment of 66, average attendance, 46 ; raised $25.06 for home sup-

162

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

plies; used Brethren's supplies; one scholar received into the church.
In 1904 its average attendance was 43; teachers 6; raised $45.75, of
which $14.00 was given to missions and charitable purposes ; 7 were
received into the church. From the start the school was "ever-
green." It has maintained a front-line standard during 1912 to 1918
inclusive and in 1922. Teacher training class has been conducted
during the years 1908-'18 and 1922-'23 with a total enrollment of 85.
The average attendance for 1892 was about 35; a vacation church
school has been held the past four vears, — a decided success.

Superintendents: 1892, Alfred f. Simmons; 1893-'99, —

; 1900, Willard L. Clapper; 1901-'03, ; 1904,

Willard L. Clapper; 1905, ; 1906-'07, Howard W.

Simmons; 1908-'09, James Q. Hershberger; 1910-'16, William M.
Steele; 1917-'18, O. G. Snyder; 1919-'20, Paul Hershberger;
1921-'22, John Drenning; 1923, Chester England; 1924, L. Chester
England.

Fainnew. On July 4, 1897, the first Sunday-school was organized
by John S. Hershberger. He became superintendent and furnished
the literature for the first quarter. In 1904 it had an enrollment of
20, average attendance, 14; 3 teachers; raised $10.70, of which $5.80
was given to missions or charitable work. Because many of the
leaders moved out of the valley and others died, the school dwindled
to such small numbers that in 1922 the remaining four scholars were
transferred to a union school near by.

Superintendents: 1897, James Q. Hershberger; 1898-'04,

; 1904-'06, William Crawford; 1907, David Rush; 1908-'10,

William Crawford; 1911, Harry Foor; 1912-'14, William Crawford;
1915-'16, Clyde Crawford; 1917-'18, William Crawford; 1919-'22,
Marshall Foor.

Mountain Chapel. In the east end of Ray's Cove, about twelve
miles from Everett, ministers from Everett held meetings at regular
intervals in the woods near Graceville. George Batzel did some
very acceptable work here, and in 1916 a Union house was erected.
An active Union Sunday-school continues here. The pastor from
Everett preaches every two weeks in the afternoon to a well filled
house.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Society was first organized in 1904 with Mrs. Dessa Sim-
mons president and Mrs. Wilson Burket secretary-treasurer. But
the records for about nine years are lost and nothing further can
be said until on January 9, 1913, the society organized in the home
of Mrs. John H. Brumbaugh. Officers : Elizabeth England, presi-
dent; Martha Drenning, vice-president; Nettie Steele, secretary-
treasurer.

Presidents since 1913:

Mrs. Wilson Burket 1914 Mrs. Nancy Lashlev 1917

No record 1915 Mrs. Iva Brallier./ 1919

Mrs. Delia Myers 1916 Mrs. Amy Holsopple 1921

Besides making garments and quilts, selling books, etc., the society
has been permitted to make the following cash distributions
through the year:

163

A History of the Church of the Brethren

India Orphanage $130.00

Mary Quinter Memorial 5.00

Forward Movement 25.00

Ping Ting Hospital 30.00

China Sufferers 55.00

Church Building Fund 140.00

Church Furnishings 36.90

Parsonage Fund 35.00

Home Missions 10.00

Old People's Home 5.00

Bible Department, Juniata 2.00

Miscellaneous 68.80

Total $542.70

RAVEN RUN*

Present Membership, 95.

The territory now known as Raven Run was once a
part of the Hopewell congregation. Just how early
Samuel Brumbaugh, Martin Hoover and John B. Dilling
probably first members of the Church of the Brethren to
locate in these parts is not definitely known. In 1878
they erected a brick church, 28 x 40, and the little group
increased in numbers until some ninety lived in the
Raven Run Valley and around Saxton. November 25,
1893, they petitioned the mother congregation for sep-
arate organization which was granted them. They had
two deacons, John B. Dilling and Jonathan Hoover
among their number. On December 16, 1893, in the pres-
ence of George W. Brumbaugh and Henry Clapper, they
effected an organization as follows : George W'. Brum-
baugh, elder; George H. Dilling, secretary; Jonathan
Hoover, treasurer ; Samuel I. Brumbaugh, solicitor.

The new organization went to work and steadily grew
in numbers. However, the opportunities for labor in
Stonerstown were such that a goodly number settled
there. It was thought best to let this group separate
and be under the District Mission Board. The dividing
line is the Henrietta road. This was done January 5,
19l01. Five years later, on May 27, 1906, they gave the
same grant to Riddlesburg.

They had need of a new church and on March 10, 1910,

* To Frederic Hoover the reader is indebted for the information of this sketch.

164

The Raven Run Church and Some Members.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

appointed a building committee, — Frederic Hoover,
David P. Hoover, John P. Ritchey, Samuel I. Brum-
baugh and Philip Richard, — and during the summer put
up a good frame house, 35 x 50 feet, basement under one-
half of it, costing $2,500.00 besides donated labor. On
December 18, 1910, Charles C. Ellis preached the dedica-
tory sermon.

Raven Run Sisters' Aid Society.

Bishops presiding :

George W. Brumbaugh Dec. 16, 1893

John B. Replogle April 7, 1894

David A. Stayer Sept. 29, 1900

Ministers elected :

Samuel I. Brumbaugh Oct. 6, 1894

Henry H. Brumbaugh May 16, 1903

Frederick Hoover May 16, 1903

David P. Hoover Mav 16, 1903

Andrew Edwards Oct. 30, 1921

Deacons: Oct. 6, 1894, William Shimer, John Long; Oct. 2, 1897,
George H. Dilling, Philip Richard; April 5, 1902, Frederic Hoover,
David Hoover; Jan. 2, 1904, John P. Ritchey, Thomas Lear; July 7,
1906, Andrew Hoover, Reuben Perrin ; Jan. 2, 1909, Berzy Miller;
Oct. 30, 1921, Joseph Wyles, Robert Miller.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

As near as can be ascertained, the Raven Run Sunday-school be-
gan in 1885. The school did not report to the convention of 1896,
but in 1904 reported enrollment, 120; average, 45; five teachers;
raised $36.64, of which $16.46 went to missions; " evergreen." The

166

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

school had teacher training classes during 1908-1909, 1914-1916;
in all a total enrollment of 25.

Superintendents : Before 1904, no record ; 1904, Frederic Hoover ;
1905, no record; 1906-'07, Philip Richards; 1908, Frederic Hoover;
1909, Philip Richards; 1910, Frederic Hoover; 1911, Philip Rich-
ards; 1912, Burzy Miller; 1913, Jonathan Hoover; 1914-'18, Frederic
Hoover; 1919-'20, Mrs. Sadie Reed; 1921-'22, Andrew E. Edward;
1923-'24, David Lewis.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The first organization occurred, April 5, 1903, with the following
officers : Sadie Reed, president ; Irene Reed, secretary ; Dessa
Hoover, treasurer. In all seventeen members enrolled. Their work
consisted mainly in making prayer coverings and quilting. In 1909
the society discontinued its organization ; but in 1914 a new one
was formed with Lizzie Brumbaugh, president; Addie Ritchey, sec-
retary; and Catherine Long, treasurer. This time the enrollment
was ten. Their average attendance (for they meet weekly) was six
for 1923. To the sewing and quilting they added scrubbing school
houses. Thus in 1923 they made $184.04, which amount was given
to help pay for the erection of the new church. The present or-
ganization is : Addie Ritchey, president ; Lizzie Weimert, secretary
and Kate Reed, treasurer.

STONERSTOWN*

Present Membership, 235.

Some time before 1880, Susan Kelly, from Yellow
Creek, and Mary Fockler, from the Woodbury congrega-
tions, located in Stonerstown and thereby became the
first members in the territory now known as Stoners-
town, but then a part of the Raven Run congregation.
Following these sisters were Rebekah Smouse, Hannah
White, Mary Smith, and Catherine (Mrs. Samuel B.)
Ritchey, the last named moving into the community in
1883. These members were supplied with spiritual food
through the ministrations of George W. Brumbaugh,
John B. Fluck, David Clapper and Samuel Ritchey from
time to time. An old Lutheran church was rented and
in 1893 Silas Hoover held the first revival meeting. Late
in the next year the Raven Run congregation bought the
Lutheran house and took possession in their own right,
January, 1895. Several series of meetings were held by
Walter S. Long, but not till 1897 was there a confession,

* To John P. Harris the reader is indebted for the information of this sketch.

167

The Stonerstown Church: Its Pastor. Group, beginning at left: Mrs. S. B.
Ritchey, Mrs. Eliza Brumbaugh, George Dilling, Mrs. George Dilling,

Mrs. Mary Smith.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Mary Metsger being baptized. William I. Book, Prin-
cipal of the Stonerstown High School during 1898-'99,
preached regularly for this mission and part of the time
for the Raven Run congregation. The work progressed
steadily and on May 26, 1901, the group of believers, —
namely : Mr. and Mrs. George H. Billing, Mrs. Samuel
B. Ritchey, Mary Smith, Eliza Brumbaugh, Mr. and Mrs.
Thomas Lear, Hannah White, Mrs. Fockler and Carrie
and Anna Putt, — were organized into the Stonerstown
mission. John B. Brumbaugh of Huntingdon (Pa.)
preached for them and, the following year, was chosen
bishop, which position he held till his death, in 1922.
In this same year Milton C. Swigart conducted a re-
vival, and thirteen were added to the church. Samuel
B. Ritchey, James F. Gates, James Fink and later Mrs.
Margaret Fulton and Mrs. Samuel F. Harclerode were
appointed to draft a plan for doing certain charitable
work. The results of their labors were decidedly favor-
able to the little body.

Harvey S. Spanogle, in a series of meetings in 1914, re-
ceived forty-three into membership. This was a great
impetus to the work. At once it was realized that " the
old church house was worn out and too small to accom-
modate the growing congregation. . . . The members
there are not wealthy, but they had a mind to build such
a house as was needed, and as would honor the Lord."
The new building is 43 x 64 feet, brick veneered, base-
ment and a number of rooms for Sunday-school pur-
poses ; a splendid auditorium ; steam heated, electric
lighted, baptistry behind the pulpit, — the entire costing,
$8,495.00. " It is a model of neatness and simplicity.
Much credit is due to Brother Harris, the pastor, who
carefully managed every detail, and worked hard."
George W. Flory of Covington, Ohio led in the dedica-
tion services, speaking morning, afternoon and evening.
He had also spoken on Friday and Saturday evening be-
fore. At the dedication $5,000.00 " was raised in a quiet
way. No public demonstration was made of the
donors." * Under John P. Harris' faithful and untiring
efforts the congregation grew rapidly. In December,

* From John B. Brumbaugh's report of the dedication in the Gospel Messenger,
1916, p. 606.

169

A History of the Church of the Brethren

1917, he held his first series of meetings, when thirty-two
were added to the church.

Bishops presiding :

John B. Brumbaugh 1902 to 1922

John P. Harris since 1922

Pastors and date each one began:

William A. Gaunt March 27, 1907

Herman B. Heisey Sept. 30, 1911

Charles O. Beery 1913

John P. Harris since Jan. 21, 1915

Roy X. Wilson, as minister, moved into the congregation.

Deacons elected: December 24, 1906, James F. Gates, Thomas S.
Foreman; July 16, 1922, Samuel B. Ritchey, Daniel M. Brumbaugh,
Charles C. Stapleton, William B. Dilling.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

On April 1, 1895, the school was organized in the church bought
of the Lutherans, with Samuel A. Moore, superintendent. Members
of other denominations helped and the school grew. Since 1903 it
has been "evergreen." In 1904 it reported enrollment, 100; aver-
age, 69; eight teachers; raised $42.89, of which $17.32 went to mis-
sions and charity; two conversions; teachers meeting. It has had
teacher training classes during 1907, 1919-'21 and thirty have re-
ceived first year certificates.

Superintendents: April 1, 1895, Samuel A. Moore; 1896-'05,
George H. Dilling; 1906-'09, Thomas S. Foreman; 1910, George H.
Dilling; 1911-'12, Thomas S. Foreman; 1913, George H. Dilling;
1914-'16, J. Ambrose Ritchey; 1917, Thomas S. Foreman; 1918, E.
Paul Dilling; 1919-'23, Roy X. Wilson; 1924, William B. Dilling..

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

As early as April 25, 1906, the Aid Society was active and a meet-
ing of that date shows the following charter members: Mrs. Cath-
arine Replogle Hawn, Mrs. Rosa Rice, Mrs. Nancy Dilling, Mrs.
Catharine Ritchey, Mrs. Lizzie Foreman, Mrs. Hannah Fink, Mrs.
Mary Smith, Mrs. Maggie Fockler, Mrs. Thomas Kelley, Dessa P.
Ritchey, Iva M. Ritchey, Stella M. Ritchey, Bertha Dilling, Cath-
arine Dilling, Elizabeth Dilling, Ruth Negley, Ella Hoover, Grace
Hoover, Minnie Smith, Ola Foreman, Lydia Kensinger, Veda
Troutman, and Barbara Detwiler.

It is supposed that Mrs. Catharine Replogle Hawn was president
until 1908, when organization as follows, the earliest record found,
was effected: Mrs. Sadie V. Long, president; Mrs. George H. Dill-
ing, vice-president; Mrs. Bertha Troutman, secretary. On March
16, 1911, new officers elected: Mrs. George H. Dilling, president;
Mrs. Thomas H. Foreman, vice-president ; Iva M. Ritchey, secretary,
and it is probable that this organization continued until about six
years.

During the foregoing period the society met about twenty times

170

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

a year, made many, many garments as shown by the records of a
few of the years and raised in seven of the eleven years for which
record is found, cash $166.02.

Then, on April 19, 1917, the following officers were elected: Mrs.
Eva Putt, president; Mrs. Nancy Dilling, secretary; Mrs. Catharine
Ritchey, treasurer. Mrs. Eva Putt has served as president since.
A total of $1,018.78 has been made by quilting, offerings and sales.
The greater part has been applied to their own church needs but a
portion has been sent to missions at home and abroad.

RIDDLESBURG*

Present Membership, 95.

Riddlesburg originally was a part of the Raven Run
congregation. Through the efforts of Thomas C. Lear,
Charles O. Berry held a two weeks' meeting in the
Knights of the Golden Eagle Hall during April, 1906, and
seven were added to the church. This now made a mem-
bership of twelve, representing six families in Riddles-
burg and Defiance.

Weekly prayer-meetings in the homes began at once,
and a request was sent to Raven Run to have regular
preaching services. But the parent church was very lim-
ited in ministerial help and on May 27, 1906, decided to
give up the Riddlesburg territory and place it under the
District Mission Board as a mission point. William A.
Gaunt, to whom the congregation owes much for his un-
tiring efforts in soliciting funds for the church house as
well as preaching regularly for four years, held meetings
in the homes of Christian Oaks, Thomas C. Lear and
Melvin Reed. In the spring of 1907 the Mission Board
gave permission to the group to go ahead and arrange
to build.

On July 14, 1907, William A. Gaunt presiding, Riddles-
burg was properly organized into a church. The follow-
ing were charter members : John W. Lear, Mrs. John W.
Lear, Christian Oaks, Mrs. Emily Oaks, Mrs. Jacob
Oaks, Mrs. Wilmer Oaks, Mrs. Melvin Reed, Mrs. Nim-
rod Guthridge, Sr., Mrs. William Banks, J. Noble Cogan,
David Brumbaugh, Henry H. Brumbaugh, Thomas C.
Lear, and Mrs. Thomas C. Lear.

The new congregation elected John B. Brumbaugh,

* To Henry H. Brumbaugh all are indebted for the information herein given
of this congregation.

171

The Riddlesburg Church and Some Members.

Beginning at top : Mr. and Mrs. John W. Brumbaugh. Left : Mr. and Mrs. Chris-
tian Oaks and Charles E. Brumbaugh. Right: Mr. and Mrs. Thomas C. Lear,
Mrs. Emily Oaks. Below : J. N. Cogan and Shannon Weyant.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

bishop ; J. Noble Cogan, secretary-treasurer, and John W.
Lear, solicitor.

At a meeting held in Christian Oaks' home in April,
1907, William A. Gaunt, Henry H. Brumbaugh and
Thomas C. Lear were appointed building committee.
Members and friends took a deep interest in putting up
the new church, a brick-veneered building, 35 x 50 feet,
11-foot ceiling, tower 10 x 11 feet, providing a good as-
sembly room and two Sunday-school rooms and costing
$2,975.00. On September 13, 1908, the church was dedi-
cated. Frank F. Holsopple of Juniata College spoke in
the morning, text, Joshua 4: 6, and in the afternoon, text,
2 Peter 3 : 9. In the evening John B. Brumbaugh, text,
1 Peter 1:3.

Officers of Riddlesburg Sisters' Aid Society.
From left : Mrs. Wilmer Oaks, Secretary ; Mrs. Jacob Oaks, Treasurer ;

and Mrs. John Oaks, President.

Bishops presiding :

John B. Brumbaugh May, 1907

William A. Gaunt Jan., 1909

John B. Miller Sep., 1913

Henry H. Brumbaugh Jan., 1918

John P. Harris since Jan., 1919

Pastors :

William A. Gaunt July 14, 1907

Herman E. Heisey Jan. 1, 1912

John B. Miller Feb., 1914

173

A History of the Church of the Brethren

John P. Harris since Jan. 1 , 191 5

Charles O. Beery Sep. 7, 1915

Deacons: by letter, Thomas C. Lear; Aug. 20, 1911, J. Noble
Cogan, Christian Oaks; Feb. 18, 1917, John W. Brumbaugh; July
23, 1922, Shannon Weyant, Chales E. Brumbaugh.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The Sunday-school was first organized in the new church house
on October 1, 1908. Henry H. Brumbaugh was elected superin-
tendent; Thomas C. Lear, assistant superintendent; J. Noble Cogan,
secretary; Irene Reed, treasurer. From the beginning the school
has been " evergreen." The average attendance for 1911 was 35;
for 1923 it was 61. During the years 1916 to present time it has
maintained a teacher training class and nine have received first year
certificates. Present class, twelve enrolled; teacher, Burzey Miller.

Superintendents: 1908-'21, Henry H. Brumbaugh; 1922-'24, Shan-
non Weyant.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The society met first in the home of Mrs. Christian Oaks on
January 1, 1910, with the following members present: Mrs. Jacob
Oaks, Mrs. Samuel Harclerrode, Mrs. Wilmer Oaks, Mrs. John
Oaks, Mrs. John Lear, Mrs. Henr H. Brumbaugh and Mrs. J. N.
Cogan.

Organization: Mrs. John Oaks, president; Mrs. Samuel Harcler-
rode, secretary; Mrs. Wilmer Oaks, treasurer. Mrs. John Oaks
has been president from the beginning.

The society has not been as active as it might have been, but it
has been able to raise funds to the amount of $1,500.00, or more,
since its organization, most of which has been paid out on the
church debt, for repairs and improvements on the church, and for
installing electric light in the church.

ARTEMAS*

Present Membership, 95.

Probably about the time of the Revolutionary War
Joseph and Rachael Bennett located in Southampton
township, Bedford county (Pa.), and became the first
settlers of the Church of the Brethren in these parts.
Joseph's will, on record in Bedford, has an introduction
" rather lengthy but of a decided religious tone." f
Joseph died in 1815, his wife later. They had two sons,
Robert and John who remained in the county and two

'r To John Bennett the reader is indebted for information given concerning
this congregation,.

t In a letter dated Sept. 10, 1924, John Bennett says: "I went to Bedford and
examined the will of the original Joseph Bennett."

174

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

— ■ - -

who went to the " far west " in Ohio. The children of
Robert Bennett were Sylvanus, Charles, Artemas,
Daniel, Freelove, Celia and Edith, — all of whom except
Artemas and Edith were members of the Church of the
Brethren. What spiritual ministries these early mem-
bers enjoyed is not known but it was meagre at the most.
Sylvanus and his wife Sarah were active in church work
as opportunity permitted as early as 1840, and about 1850
were joined by Abraham Ritchey and his wife Elizabeth
who moved in from Snake Spring Valley. These two
families of members became the nucleus for the church
now occupying the southern part of Bedford and Fulton
Counties to the Maryland lines. This the present terri-
tory of the now known Artemas congregation was a part
of the Snake Spring Valley congregation and by them
known as the Southampton Church, until 1892 when the
name was changed to Artemas. Jacob Steele and Henry
Clapper were among the more frequent ones who came
from the north and preached the Word. In 1851 a love-
feast, probably the first in these parts, was held in Abra-
ham Ritchey's house. On this occasion Abraham Ritchey
and Sylvanus Bennett were called to the ministry. The
latter was very active and extended his efforts into
Fulton and Franklin Counties ; but his labors were ab-
ruptly ended by death in 1855. Abraham Ritchey con-
tinued the work with some zeal till 1866 when he and
his family moved to Illinois. Through this removal but
seven members were left and the ministry of the Word
ceased among them for a season. Then an occasional
visit was made by such brethren as Andrew Snowberger,
Leonard Furry, Samuel A. Moore, Henry Clapper, Henry
Hershberger and others. On one such trip Leonard
Furry, probably in 1872, induced Israel M. Bennett to
subscribe for The Pilgrim, Its messages had a strong in-
fluence in leading him to unite with the church and to his
death he was an ardent reader of the Church's literature.
In June, 1874 Israel M. Bennett and his son John, the
latter now residing at Artemas, united with the church.
Meetings became more frequent, interest was aroused
and members were steadily added to the little group of
believers. The second lovefeast was held in Israel M.
Bennett's barn in June, 1876. At this meeting he and

175

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Zachariah A. Shaffer were made deacons while the son,
John Bennett, was called to the ministry.

From the home, to the school house called " Forks of
the Creek' at Artemas, the place of worship was shifted,
Through some prejudice later, the school building was
denied the members and this started an agitation for a
house of worship. In 1879 their longings were gratified
when, in October, the members and friends of the com-
munity gathered to dedicate the first church house of

The Artemas Church.

the Brethren in these parts, located at Artemas.* The
minutes of a meeting of the congregation in the Snake
Spring house, October 25, 1879, runs thus : " South-
ampton lovefeast granted in two weeks from next Friday
at 10 o'colck." This means that on Friday, November
14, 1879 the first lovefeast in the new church and in this
part of the country was held.

Jacob Koontz being present, on July 31, 1897, the mem-
bers of this section were organized into a separate con-
gregation and took the name of Artemas. The charter
members were: Minister, John Bennett; Deacons, Peter
Malotte and Albert Deneen ; Lay-members, Susannah
Bennett, Charlotte Roberts, Espy J. Bennett, Annie C.

* See under Snake Spring congregation for fuller account of this house.

176

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Bennett, Eliza J. Diehl, Jacob Kern and wife Phoebe,
Abraham B. Bennett and wife Alcinda, Nancy L. Ben-
nett, Edith B. Bennett, Jacob H. Lashley and wife Nancy,
and possibly a few others. Organization : Jacob Koontz,
elder; Nancy Lashley, secretary; Edith B. Bennett,
treasurer.

All went well for nearly a decade when a reverse came
that tried the metal of the little group of believers. The
season was very dry in 1908, and from a threshing engine
operating about 100 feet away the wind carried a spark
to the church roof on June 27, and it was burned to the
ground. They decided to rebuild, — what else could they
do since they enjoyed fellowship in the church so much?
Building committee: Espy J. Bennett, William H.
Sowers, Jacob H. Lashley, David Bowman, Edgar J.
Bennett and John Bennett. A new house on the old
foundation was dedicated, September 12, 1909 ; William J.
Siwigart conducted the dedicatory service, using for his
text, Rev. 22 : 9.

FAIRVIEW

(The postoffice now called Amaranth, a part of Ar-
temas congregation, about twelve miles northeast.)

The Snake Spring Valley Brethren in the early eighties
began to preach in Whip's Cove and Buck's Valley, their
labors centering around the McKibbin school house. A
number united with the church ; services have been held
regularly ever since, even when the work of the ministry
fell into the hands of a very busy man, John Bennett.
In 1895 a church house was erected, John Bennett
preaching the dedicatory sermon.

GLENDALE

(A part of Artemas congregation, about thirteen miles
to the southwest.)

In 1910 James W. Bible and Benjamin Y. S. Teeter,
two ministers from the Seneca and North Fork congrega-
tions of West Virginia, with their families and some
other members, located near Flintstone. Among other
names may be mentioned Henry C. Mallow, Isaac Miller,
Enoch Vanmeter, Pearl Ault and Mary Dolly. Through
the preaching of the Word a number were added to the
church and the work grew steadily to the point where

177

A History of the Church of the Brethren

they felt they needed a house of worship. Through the
aid of the General Mission Board, to the amount of
$1,500.00, and the District Mission Board of Middle Penn-
sylvania a house costing $4,000.00 was erected, one quar-
ter of a mile from Flintstone. On June 28, 1922, it was
dedicated, John H. Cassady preaching the dedicatory ser-
mon. This was followed with a revival during which
eighteen united with the church.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

Artcmas. As early as 1872, Sunday-school was organized with a
Mr. Stoner as superintendent for a while and then Emeline Shaffer.
At the 1898 convention it reported enrollment, 96; average, 53;
raised $8.00 for home supplies; five received into the church. In
1904 the average had dropped to 37 and $4.77 was raised for home
purposes. The school did not become " evergreen " until 1922.
Superintendents: 1872, Mrs. Emeline Shaffer; 1880, Truman Tewell;
1882, Amos R. Elbin; 1884-1912, John Bennett; 1913, Alvah S.
Brumbaugh; 1914-1924, Mrs. Alva Brumbaugh.

Fairvicw (also known as Buck Valley). This school was orig-
inally a " Union " school, organized in 1896 with Samuel Straitiff
superintendent. Members of the Church of the Brethren located in
the community until it came under their entire control. Superin-
tendents as far as known: About 1877, Joseph Miller; 1879, George
Miller; two summers, Peter Malotte ; about 1882, William Potter;
1885, Daniel Malotte; several summers, Lewis H. Cornell; 1890-
1892, Samuel Straitiff; 1892-1904, not known; 1904, Peter Malotte;

1905, ; 1906-'07, Lewis H. Cornell; 1908-'10, Peter

Malotte; 1911, Lewis H. Cornell; 1912-'13, Peter Malotte; 1914-'19,
Lewis H. Cornell; 1920-'22, George Carson; 1923, Lewis H. Rich-
ards; 1924, Lewis H. Cornell.

Glendale. Organized April 1, 1922. Officers: Benjamin Y. S.
Teeter, superintendent; Blaine Teeter, secretary; Harry C. Mallow,
treasurer. Later Harry C. Mallow bcame superintendent and
continues.

KOONTZ*

Present Membership, 130.

This congregation is located in the southern extremity
of Morrison's Cove and though separated from the main
body by a mountain, up until 1922 it remained a part of
the Snake Spring Valley church and under that head
may be found the account of erecting its church house in
1865 and rebuilding the same in 1903.

Of its beginning this is known. About 1826 John

* To Herman S. Guyer the reader is indebted for most of the information in
this sketch.

178

Some Early Members of the Koontz Church.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Koontz bought the farm on which the present church
house stands. Within another decade, John Snyder,
deacon, and Peter Baker located in the community. To
these early brethren settlers may be added, though com-
ing later, John Teeter, David Stayer, Jacob Guyer, John
H. Miller and Henry Miller.

At first Isaac Ritchey and Andrew Snowberger came
across the mountain and supplied spiritual food at far-
apart intervals. In 1865 when Jacob Koontz was called
to the ministry, the members had their first resident min-
ister. Then in 1879 John B. Fluck, being made a minis-
ter, in a very capable way added to the resident minis-
terial force. Of course the ministers from Snake Spring
Valley congregation continued to come and assist, and
the group enjoyed a steady growth through the years.

In the fall of 1908 they held their lovefeast, John Ben-
nett officiating. Because of their isolation from the main
body and the advantages accruing, the members living
about the Koontz house were organized separately, on
April 29, 1922. David T. Detwiler and David A. Stayer
assisted in the organization. Officers : Herman Guyer,
elder; Cyrus Bechtel, secretary; Charles Detwiler,
treasurer.

Charter members :

Ministers : Herman Guyer, Henry Koontz, Elmer Butts, Tobias
Henry, Howard Hershberger.

Deacons : Howard Beach, Josiah Clapper, Charles Detwiler,
Daniel Guyer, Calvin Hetrick, William Snyder, Harvey Snyder.

Lay-members, 99.

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

This was first organized about 1875, in the
Koontz Church, with John Rush as superin-
tendent. The school, however, for some rea-
son, did not represent at the 1876 or 1878
conventions, so no record is preserved of this
early beginning. To the 1898 convention this
school reported average attendance, 60 ; $5.70
raised for home supplies ; conducted six
months. In 1904, average attendance, 39; seven
teachers ; raised $30.82, of which $22.97 went
for missions and charity; "evergreen"; eight
conversions. A frontline standard and teacher
training class were maintained 1916-'22, seven
Russel Snyder received first year certificates. Two of the

Superintendent four organized classes have formed a Young

180

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

People's Meeting and well-directed week-day activities are being
accomplished. During 1924 it had a good vacation Bible School.

Superintendents: 1875, John Rush; 1878, Daniel Guyer; 1894, Her-
man Guyer; 1903-'05, Daniel S. Guyer; 1906, Herman S. Guyer; 1907,
Daniel S. Guyer; 1908, Herman S. Guyer; 1909-'ll; Daniel S. Guyer;
1912, Henry S. Koontz; 1913, Josiah Clapper; 1914-'15; Daniel S.
Guyer; 1916-'17, Oscar A. Beach; 1918, Howard Steele; 1919-'20,
Levi Clapper; 1921, Tobias Henry; 1922-'24, Russel Snyder.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Sisters' Aid Society was first organized in the home of Josiah
Clapper on October 23, 1912. Charter members : Elizabeth Hoover,
Maggie Baker, Laura Guyer, Alice David, Lillie Koontz, Clara
Snyder, Annie Guyer, Annie Clapper, Minnie Grubb, Hannah Guyer,
Mollie Koontz, Minnie Bechtel, Theda Baker.

Organization : President, Alice Davis ; secretary, Laura Guyer ;
treasurer, Annie Clapper. Presidents: 1912-17, Alice Davis ; 1918-'19,
Minnie Bechtel; 1920-24, Alice Davis.

By means of the needle the society has made, money and given to
home work, $75.00; to district work, $5.00; to support of orphan in
India, $275.00 ; to relief work, $2.00.

CHERRY LANE

On May 10, 1924, the members residing around the
Cherry Lane house, fostered and developed by the Snake
Spring congregation of which it was a part, were organ-
ized into a separate congregation. Daniel Maddocks pre-
sided at this organization and was assisted by David T.
Detwiler, David A. Stayer, John S. Hershberger and Ira
C. Holsopple. The new congregation took the name
Cherry Lane and organized with the following officers :
Ira C. Holsopple, bishop ; Mrs. Lena Sollenberger, secre-
tary ; Daniel G. Koontz, treasurer. The new congrega-
tion consisted of the following: Ministers, Daniel W.
Dibert and Emanuel Koontz ; deacons, Roy F. Dibert,
Albert Khlare, Andrew Garlick, Daniel Koontz, Samuel
Ritchey, Job Harmon, Jacob Sollenberger and Roy Ben-
nett. Lay-members, 84.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

In the report of Sunday-schools made to the convention held in
1898, Cherry Lane is not mentioned. For the year ending Decem-
ber 31, 1901, the next available report which appears in the District
Meeting Minutes of 1902 Cherry Lane reported as follows: Enroll-

* For the information of this sketch the reader is indebted to Emanuel G.
Koones.

181

A History of the Church of the Brethren

ment, 90 ; average attendance, 50 ; five teachers ; conducted six
months ; 20 per cent members attending ; $9.85 raised. One may
conclude without further evidence that between 1898 and 1901 the
school was organized, no doubt in the Cherry Lane house. It
started out for six months of the year, changed to nine months in
1913 and was "evergreen' in 1918 only. As far as known, the
superintendents and the years they served are as follows : Before

The Cherry Lane Church.

1904, Daniel W. Dibert, Andrew Snowberger and Elmer Pittman
among those who served; 1904-'ll, Daniel W. Dibert; 1912, Roy F.
Dibert; 1913, Daniel W. Dibert; 1914-'15, Daniel G. Koontz; 1916,
Daniel W. Dibert; 1917-'18, Daniel Steele; 1919, Rov F. Dibert;
1920-'21, Daniel G. Koontz; 1922, Roy F. Dibert; 1923-'24, Daniel
Dibert.

WOODBURY

Present Membership, 323.

The Yellow Creek congregation, in a council meeting
held in the Holsinger house, by a vote of 56 for and 35
against was divided in August, 1876, into two congrega-
tions. The territory now known as New Enterprise is
one part ; that included in Woodbury, Claar, Lower
Claar, Queen and a part of Clover Creek the other. The

182

Old Holsinger House Was Built in 1850. The New Holsinger House Was
Built in 1912. The Snyder House Built in 1878.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

following November 11, the members in this new terri-
tory, i. e., cut off from Yellow Creek and from Clover
Creek, met in the Holsinger house and unanimously
voted to become one congregation, and adopted the name
Woodbury.

This newly formed congregation included Curryville
on the east, to the Allegheny Mountain on the west. The
northern boundary was marked by a road leaving Tus-
sey's Mountain, thence westward about three quarters of
a mile south of Woodbury by Maria and on west across
Cove Mountain to the Allegheny Mountain.

The officials of this new territory consisted of

Ministers: Jacob Miller, John B. Replogle, Joseph W.
Wilt, John L. Holsinger and John G. Snyder.

Deacons : Alexander Holsinger, Daniel Holsinger,
Jacob Kifer, Levi B. Replogle, Simon Snyder, Adam
Frederick, Daniel Stayer, Cyrus Over, Henry Brum-
baugh, James Brumbaugh, Jacob Claar and Aaron I.
Claar.

The church elected Jacob Miller, bishop ; Alexander
Holsinger, secretary and Jacob Guyer, treasurer. This
congregation has a record of its proceedings from the
beginning.

One of the first important acts was a decision made
November 11, 1876 to erect a church known as the Rep-
logle house on a plot of ground belonging to Rhinehart
L. Replogle, about one half mile north of the village of
Woodbury. Building committee, John B. Replogle,
Simon Snyder and Adam Frederick, put up a frame house,
45 x 77 x 14 feet, basement, costing $3,090.00. " Decided
to have backs to the seats." On October 14, 1877, the
house was dedicated, James Quinter leading in the ser-
vice. Here beginning March 15, 1879, Silas Hoover of
Somerset County held a ten days revival and twenty-one
were received into the church by baptism.

The congregation, on January 17, 1878, decided to ac-
commodate the members living around Snyder cross
roads with a place of worship. The building committee,
Simon Snyder, John G. Snyder and David M. Replogle,
put up a frame structure, 40x53 feet, costing $1,050.00.
James A. Sell conducted the dedicatory service.

Musical instruments evidently gave concern to the

184

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

congregation, for at a council meeting (March 15, 1880)
a " Query was sent to the District Meeting relating to
them." Some members had been attending political
meetings and instructions were given (Oct. 5, 1880) that
" if they justified themselves . . . they cannot commune
at the coming lovefeast."

Evidently at some time the taxation system was
adopted by the congregation, for at a meeting (March
18, 1882) a number came before the council and were re-
leased from paying their levy. At a later meeting the
system of taxation is reaffirmed.

The " Record of the Faithful " * states that this con-
gregation was organized in 1876 with a membership of
250; that its first house was erected in 1850; that in 1881
and '82 it had five church houses and 388 members.
Jacob Miller was bishop ; John Replogle, John L. Hol-
singer, Michael M. Claar and John G. Snyder were min-
isters in the second degree.

In 1882 the influence of the Progressive movement is
noted in the deliberations of the congregation. At the
last council of that year (Dec. 2, 1882), one of the min-
isters was disfellowshiped. At the next council (Feb. 17,
1883), thirteen were excluded from the church on the fol-
lowing resolution: " Inasmuch as the hereinafter named
members of our church district have identified them-
selves with the Progressive brethren and have so de-
clared to the brethren who visited them, we therefore ac-
cept their declaration as a withdrawal of their member-
ship from us and we exclude them from the privilege of
communion, church council and the salutation of the
kiss." The vote stood 39 for, 3 against and 3 neutral.

A few of those withdrawing returned to the old fold,
while a few more from time to time withdrew and joined
the Progressive Brethren. Evidently the cleavage at
first was not so marked because, for a part of the time
up to May 4, 1889, the Progressives had been using the
Snyder house in which to worship. At this time some
dissatisfaction arose and the house was closed against
them for a season.

In 1883, the " dinner after the lovefeast ' was discon-

Published in 1882 by Howard Miller.

185

Replogle House, Built in 1877. Cukryville House,, Built in 1906.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

tinued, and the next year (May 29, 1884), "decided not
to line the hymns before singing them." (June 4, 1885),
" matting in the aisles of this house (Replogle) the same
as in the Enterprise house " was decided upon. Later
still, it was decided to " Have no breakfast at the meet-
ing house, the morning after lovefeast " and have a
" series of meetings of about a week duration immedi-
ately preceding it."

At a council at the Replogle house (Feb. 19, 1887), a
vote of the members was taken to change from the
double to single mode of feetwashing " which lacked two
votes of being unanimous." Then a query was sent to
Annual Meeting " asking it to reconsider the minutes of
1887 that the minority should submit to the majority."

After the Annual Meeting the vote was taken again
and it showed 118 in favor of single mode while 59 voted
for double mode. Then, at the spring council (March 2,
1889, it was " decided to practice feetwashing at our
coming lovefeast by the rotation system," meaning single
mode.

" The case of brethren going to the election and vot-
ing against the prohibition amendment ' was considered
(Oct. 3, 1889) and decided " that it was wrong for breth-
ren to do so, and they shall make acknowledgment to the
visiting brethren for doing so." At the next meeting it
is recorded that " those members . . . made satisfactory
acknowledgment."

For the purpose of assessment on September 20, 1890,
the following was recorded :

" Replogle house, value. .$2,200.00
Snyder house, value. . . . 825.00
Crossroads house, value. 600.00
Holsinger house, value. . 500.00

seating capacity, 700
seating capacity, 400
seating capacity, 450
seating capacity, 400

The number of communicants in the Woodbury
church, 213."

The wide sympathies of the congregation for the suf-
fering is noted in the record (May 5, 1892) of a " receipt
for the Russian sufferers for $307.00." At the same
meeting a brother at the demand of the church made ac-
knowledgment " for signing a license for a certain hotel

187

A History of the Church of the Brethren

keeper in Woodbury," the objectionable part no doubt
being " the bar."

The congregation voted (Nov. 19, 1892) against the
church purchasing the Brethren Publishing Company.
The next year (Oct. 24, 1893) it gives permission to the
" Brethren's Insurance Company to hold meetings in
this (Replogle) house." Rhinehart Z. Replogle was
(April 11, 1894) to " superintend the work of putting in
the pool for baptizing ' in the yard, and the preachers
were " to get a Bible desk on the table " for the Replogle
house.

A proposition (May 13, 1899) to have a two weeks
" Bible term of school beginning January 1, 1900, was
unanimously accepted." It had been the custom that the
second person close prayer by using the Lord's prayer.
But the congregation decided (Feb. 17, 1900) that the
one who leads in prayer should close with the Lord's
prayer.

The congregation departed (Aug. 18, 1900) from the
rule that the elders in office of the bishopric presided
over the congregation and by unanimous vote chose
John L. Holsinger as presiding bishop.

" Select singing" was (Oct. 19, 1902) forbidden in any
church of the congregation except " by permission of the
church."

To comply with the wishes of the members living in
or near Curryville the church, in March, 1906, decided to
give them a good church house. Building committee,
Samuel S. Rhodes, David Burket and George W. Rep-
logle, erected a good brick building, no basement, 40 x 60
feet, costing $2,958.02. On December 9, 1906 it was
dedicated, Frank F. Holsopple leading in the dedicatory
service. Immediately following John Bennett conducted
a series of meetings.

The strong band of members located near the Hol-
singer church felt the old house no longer satisfied their
needs and it was decided to tear down and build larger.
The farewell service was held September 9, 1912. John
B. Fluck spoke on the sacred past ; James A. Sell on the
promising future; George S. Myers gave a historical
sketch. Then the building committee, — Adam Frederick,
Joseph F. Long, Ferdinand H. Mohr, Adam Z. Pote,

188

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

David Miller, George W. Klouse and Andrew C. Pote
began their work. The new brick house, 40 x 60 feet,
costing $3,200.00, was dedicated on April 6, 1913, free of
debt and a small surplus in the treasury. James A. Sell,
assisted by John B. Fluck, conducted the dedicatory
services.

Bishops presiding:

Jacob Miller Aug. 16, 1876 John L. Holsinger 1900

John B. Replogle 1890 John R. Stayer 1907

April, 1924 Dorsey I. Pepple was elected presiding bishop and
John R. Stayer made senior bishop for life.

Ministers elected :

John L. Holsinger 1876 A. Brown Miller 1906

John G. Snyder 1877 Ferdinand H. Mohr 1913

Michael Claar 1877 Jesse Stayer 1914

Jacob K. Brown 1883 Nelson Guyer 1914

Jacob C. Stayer 1893 * James D. Brumbaugh

John B. Miller 1888 Clyde E. Stayer 1918

*John R. Stayer Howard Kiper 1920

April 1, 1924, John E. Rowland became first supported pastor of
this congregation; though Maynard A. Cassady had served as pastor
for one summer vacation, one year before.

Deacons, elected : 1877, Daniel Stayer, Cyrus Over, Frederic C.
Dively; 1879, Daniel S. Replogle, John Poter ; 1883, Rhinehart L.
Replogle, George W. Replogle; 1890, Albert Stayer, David H.
Miller; 1893, James E. Mock; 1895, Isaac D. Snyder, Adam Z. Pote;
1896, Emanuel Guyer, David Pote; 1903, John H. Sell, George
Miller; 1907, George K. Stayer, Ferdinand H. Mohr; 1909, Adam
Frederic, Alva S. Brumbaugh; 1911, Adam C. Pote, Joseph Frederic,
Andrew Smith, Nelson Guyer, Andrew C. Pote; 1920, John K.
Frederick, Galen R. Sell, Paul A. Stayer. Lawrence C. Over moved
into congregation in 1913.

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Replogle. The Sunday-school was first organized in the Eshel-
man house in 1876, with Levi B. Replogle superintendent. In 1877
the school was moved to the Replogle house. Thus writes John R.
Stayer.

At the Sunday-school convention held at Spring Run Church
October 15, 1878, Levi B. Replogle and Michael Bechtel were dele-
gates and this much of their report is preserved : " Organized
April 1, 1877; 75 on the roll; average, 60; verses committed, 4,814." f
The same volume } gives a lengthy " Report of Sabbath School "

* Moved in from another congregation.

f Primitive Christian and Pih/rim, 1878, p. 716.

X Ibid., p. 760.

189

A History of the Church of the Brethren

(Woodbury) from which the following is extracted: "This church
is a part of the Yellow Creek and Clover Creek districts, organized
in the fall of 1876, and in the spring of 1877 we organized a Sab-
bath-school. The school was conducted by the usual officers with
the following instructions from the church : To open with singing
and prayer, the same as we do our public meetings, and also close
after the same manner. Our school seemed to prove a success.
The attendance was good on the part of children of parents of dif-
ferent persuasions. ... A leading objection by our dear old breth-
ren against Sunday-schools was that they would lead to pride, by
each one trying to dress the best, etc. . . . Let me say here that
parents can help the cause a great deal by not dressing or putting
too much unnecessary clothing on their children before sending
them to Sunday-school."

"The church again organized a school this spring (1878) with
Levi B. Replogle, superintendent; Cyrus Over, assistant superintend-
ent, and Jacob R. Stayer, secretary. These officers then chose three
more to assist them. . . . Number on the roll, 75. Average attend-
ance, 65. Number of verses committed, 4,814. We closed our
school on the 20th of October by presenting the scholars with re-
ward and merit cards. There seemed to be rejoicing over these re-
wards, but we tried to tell them of a greater reward in the future,
if they would be faithful, which we could not give but would be
given by the Father in Heaven. We also told them or reminded
them that they had now read of Jesus being born into the world,
and that he suffered and died and rose again, and then ascended to
heaven, where he was now pleading for us all. I saw many tears
rolling down over the children's faces. Thus ended our school.
We hope some good seed may have been sown." Signed by Levi
B. Replogle, superintendent; Cyrus Over, secretary.*

The year following a report states : " School for the summer or-
ganized March 16, 1879. . . . Average attendance, 85; enrollment,
122; verses memorized, 3,382. The highest memorized at one lesson
by one single pupil, 104. At the closing of the school there were
three essays read, one by sister Elsie Snyder, subject, "Hope," one
by sister Ettie Brown, entitled " Meeting and Parting " and one by
sister Anna Brown, the topic being, " How are we spending our
lives." The school was addressed by the superintendent and several
of the old brethren. . . . We were all very sad to see our school
close, for 'tis such a pleasant place to spend the Sabbath after-
noon." Signed R. L. Replogle.f

This school has been " evergreen " since 1904. Average attend-
ance in 1877 was 65. In 1898, enrollment, 133; average, 107; raised
$43.39, of which $17.19 went to missions; 24 conversions; continued
nine months of year. In 1904, average, 75; ten teachers; raised
$67.12, of which $23.79 went to missions and charity. The school

* Primitive Christian and Pilgrim, 1878, p. 766.

t Primitive Christian and Pilgrim, 1879, p. 733.

The editor's apology for these lengthy extracts concerning the Replogle school
and no other thus treated is this: This school was the only one reporting in such
detail in these years. The description is a fine picture of the manner of con-
ducting the schools in the seventies, the spirit of the work and some of the
problems and hindrances the Sunday-school had to meet.

190

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

has maintained a frontline standard during 1914, *16-20, '22, '23,
had teacher training during 1908, '09, [11, '18, '20, '21, and '23, total
enrollment of 118; about 60 have received first year certificates.

Superintendents: 1876, Levi B. Replogle; , Cyrus Over; 1903,

George W. Replogle; 1904-'07, George H. Miller; 1908-'18, John H.
Sell; 1919-'24, Paul A. Stayer.

Holsinger. The school was first organized some time along 1880
to '82, with Daniel Replogle, superintendent. The school has been
"evergreen" since 1913. The average attendance the first year
was 38.

Superintendents: 1882, Daniel Replogle; between that and 1906,
Isaac L. Snyder, John L. Holsinger, William Echard ; 1906-'ll,
Joseph P. Long; 1912-'23, Ferdinand H. Mohr; 1924, Isaac Snow-
berger.

Curryville. Organized January 6, 1907; John B. Miller, superin-
tendent ; Ora Stonerock, secretary ; Daniel Brown, treasurer. Aver-
age attendance, 1907, 65. " Evergreen " from the beginning. It has
maintained a frontline standard since 1915; had teacher training
during 1908, '09, '13, '23 during which time 59 have enrolled; forty
first year certificates have been given.

Superintendents: 1907-,09, John B. Miller; 1910-'12, Samuel S.
Rhodes; 1913, Simon Zook; 1914, Harrv Rhodes; 1916, Simon
Zook; 1916, Alice M. Baker; 1917, J. W. Burket; 1918, Ira Burket;

1919-'20, Lawrence R. Over; 1921, ; 1922-,24, Alice

M. Baker.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

Woodbury. There was a society started in the early nineties but
was of short duration and no record kept of it. February 19, 1913,
Lydia, Mary, Esther, Sarah, and Elizabeth Stayer, Mary Miller,
Fannie Smith, Ida Leidy, Mrs. John B. Guyer, Maggie Frederic,
Nannie Miller, Nannie Replogle, Annie Frederic, Annie Sell, Mrs.
Annie Sell, Barbara Johnson, Elizabeth Hoover, Nannie Koontz and
Minnie Settle met in the Replogle house and organized by electing
the following officers : Lydia Stayer, president ; Mary Stayer, assist-
ant president ; Esther Stayer, superintendent ; Maggie Frederic,
treasurer ; Fannie Smith, treasurer.

Presidents: 1913-'20, Lydia Stayer; 1921, Barbara Frederic;
1922-'24, Maggie Frederic.

In totals the Society has accomplished the following, besides help
in many ways locally :

Juniata Mission Home $10.00

Virginia Home 15.00

Carpet for church 11 .00

Miscellaneous 54.20

$90.20

Curryville Aid Society was organized in the home of Mrs. Dewey
D. Kauffman, on March 16, 1922. Charter members: Mrs. Dewey D.
KaufTman, Mrs. John Wareham, Mrs. Joseph Hartman, Mrs. John

191

A History of the Church of the Brethren

B. Miller, Mrs. Nancy Mock, Mrs. Levi Settle, Mrs. Hiram Replogle,
Mrs. Wilmer Hynish, Mrs. Daniel Kauffman, Mrs. Irvin Zook, Rena
Stayer, Alice Baker, Mabel Hoover, Sadie Zook, and Mrs. Minnie
Forney.

Organization : Mrs. Dewey D. Kauffman, president ; Mrs. John B.
Miller, vice-president; Mrs. Joseph Harman, secretary; Mrs. Daniel
Kauffman, treasurer.

Presidents: 1922-23, Mrs. Dewey D. Kauffman; 1924, Alice Baker.

Through quilting, making bonnets, aprons, prayer coverings and
other articles, and some contributing money, the society has been able
to donate $10.00 to the Missionary Home in Huntingdon, $15.00 to
the Japanese sufferers, and $90.00 to the Virginia home.

CLAAR*

Present Membership, 160.

The beginning of the Church of the Brethren in the
territory now occupied by Upper and Lower Claar and
Queen congregations centres around Frederic Claar, born
October 30, 1780, who, with his bride of a few weeks, in
the fall of 1800 located on a farm on which now stands
the Upper Claar house. Their ancestors were not mem-
bers of the Brethren Church, but through the preaching of
Levi Roberts and Jacob Miller, who for some years came
to the neighborhood from Yellow Creek and held services
in the home of the young people, they were led to unite
with the church in 1816. Others followed and it was
not long until their home was too small for the gather-
ing of eager listeners. With zeal characteristic of many
of the earlier brethren they decided to build a church.
Frederic Claar donated the land for the house and ceme-
tery and in the summer of 1851 a house 26 x 36 feet was
erected and dedicated, brother Jacob Miller preaching
the first sermon. Frederic Claar, Jacob Claar and George
Lingenfelter were appointed trustees. Regular week-end
services were held every four weeks ; the preachers,
among the more prominent, Jacob Miller, John Hol-
singer, Daniel Snowberger and Leonard Furry, came
from Yellow Creek.

The earnest little body received a big lift in enthu-
siasm in the winter of 1853-4 when, in the new church,

* To Taylor C. Dively the reader is indebted for some of the information of
this sketch.

192

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

James Quinter held a debate with Joseph Fichtner, min-
ister of the Lutheran church. The subject under con-
sideration was baptism and the debate lasted four days.

Upper : The Old Claar Church. Lower : The Frederic Dively Home.

So deep was the impression made by Brother Quinter
that to this day there are instances of persons uniting
with one of the denominations of the community by im-
mersion as baptism when the denomination ordinarily
does not perform this rite.

But all through these years they held no lovefeasts at
home, — they all traveled the long road to Yellow Creek

193

Some Members of the Claar Congregation.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

for this blessed privilege of communing and how
precious were those occasions when they did go. This
however, only made the longing for a lovefeast at home
the stronger. In 1867 they held one in the home church
but the house proved far too small and unsatisfactory.
As a result, the next year the members enlarged and
fitted up the church for such occasions and from that
date they have enjoyed lovefeast occasions every year,
some years both spring and fall.

Stephen Hildebrand and James A. Sell held the first
revival for this congregation. The blessings were so
large that ever since a revival has been held each year.
During March, 1877, Joseph W. Wilt held a meeting of
two weeks and eighteen accessions were made. This
was unusual for those times. In the following spring
Brother Wilt accepted the call to be pastor of the con-
gregation, receiving support, and was not there long until
he organized its first Sunday-school. During his two
years in the congregation about fifty united with the
church.

The group began to feel they were strong enough to
become a separate body and on September 25, 1886, in
the presence of Jacob Miller, John B. Replogle, and
James A. Sell they were properly organized. In honor
of him who was founder and father of the church they
called themselves Claar. Organization : John S. Hol-
singer, bishop ; Frederic C. Dively, secretary.

The charter members were : Frederick Claar, Christian
Claar, Rachel Walter, Mathias Walter, Barbara Walter,
George Lingenfelter, Barbara Lingenfelter, Samuel
Walter, Barbara Claar, John Claar, Jacob Bowser, Mar-
garet Bowser, John Claar, Mary Claar, David Gouchen-
our, Slamuel Roudenbush, Mary Gouchenour, Matilda
Claar, Bartholomew Dively, Rachel Dively.

The territory is peculiar in this, the Brethren have been
so wide awake to their opportunities that no other de-
nomination found it needful to enter. One of the ways
of keeping abreast with the times was the building of a
new church 38 x 65 feet, costing about $3,100.00 besides
donated labor and material, located one and one-half
miles east of the old church and now known as the
Lower Claar house. It was dedicated on August 6, 1891,

195

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Joseph W. Wilt preaching and using for his text, 2
Chron. 2 :4.

But after the dedication it was found far from easy to
leave the old place of worship even if the new house was
more modern and commodious. Hard by the old church
rested fathers and mothers who had given their lives to
the cause and it was like forsaking them to go to the new

The Claar Church.

house. Hence it is no surprise to find that next year,
1892, a number of members and friends began the con-
struction of a new house on the site of the old one.
Brothers Taylor and Moses Lingenfelter, though not
members at that time, did more than any other two for
the erection of this house. This is the Claar house.
Joseph W. Wilt preached in the morning and Frederic
C. Dively in the evening of the day of dedication.

Edward Eller, a member of the Progressive Brethren,
saw the need of religious instruction in a neglected
neighborhood about five miles from the Claar house and
began a Sunday-school in 1903 in the Eller school house.
The State Sunday-school Association got behind the pro-
ject and on May 26, 1906, a union house, 30 x 40 feet, was
dedicated free of debt. Irvin Van Dyke, a member of the
Church of the Brethren and Field Secretary for the As-
sociation, preached the dedicatory sermon. Trustees
from four denominations were appointed, the Church of

196

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the Brethren thereby having a fourth interest. Charles
O. Beery held the first revival in the church August
20-31, 1906, and fourteen were baptized. The trustees of
the other denominations, seeing the tendency of the work,
in a most kindly spirit asked the Church of the Brethren
to take full charge and push both Sunday-school and
church. Since that time it has been known as the Union
Chapel.

In 1903, James A. Sell was called to the oversight of
the church and introduced a Reading Course which
proved a great blessing. Lower Claar fell heir to the
splendid library and the Circle was merged into the
Christian Workers meeting.

The Claar house in the course of a number of years
proved all too small for the needs of the growing con-
gregation and in 1908 an addition 34x32 feet, costing
$1,500.00, was built. On August 2, 1908, Milton C.
Swigart dedicated the house again, using for his text:
Psalms 84:1-2.

Three centres now had recognition in the congrega-
tion. While theirs was a common interest, the advance-
ment of Christ's kingdom on earth, their local energies
were somewhat divided. The situation took such a
form that Albert G. Crosswhite, Brice Sell, David A.
Stayer, Mahlon J. Weaver and John B. Miller, a com-
mittee from the elders meeting of the district met
with the church, May 6, 1916, and advised that three
organizations be formed just as soon as this could be
done amicably. Also at this meeting James A. Sell
was again called to the oversight. On July 1 following,
separate organizations to be known as Claar, Lower
Claar and Queen were formed. The Claar congregation
elected James A. Sell, bishop ; E. Franklin Claar, secre-
tary ; and George G. Dively, treasurer.

At the time of this organization the following were
ministers : Taylor L. Dively, Samuel C. Weyant and
Frederic C. Dively ; deacons, Harry Claar, Ralph Claar,
George G. Dively, Franklin Claar, Chauncy Lingenfelter,
Albert Claar; the membership, 120.

Bishops presiding before the division of territory in 1916:
Jacob Miller Abram Claar

John S. Holsinger Frederic C. Dively

Michael Claar James A. Sell

197

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

After the division of territory in 1916:

James A. Sell 1916-17 Taylor Dively,

1917 to present time

Pastors before the division of territory in 1916 :

Joseph W. Wilt... .1877 to 1879 David M. Adams.. 1907 to 1909
Oliver S. Corle....l905 to 1906 Andrew M. Dixon. 1912 to 1916

After the division of territory in 1916:

Edgar G. Dieh'm. . .1916 to 1917 Taylor L. Dively.. .1918 to ....
Charles J. Rose.... 1917 to 1918 Samuel C. Weyant.1918 to ....

Ministers elected :

Michael Claar Oct. 21 1877 Abram I. Claar. ... Jan. 24, 1890

Frederic C. Dively, July 17, 1880 Taylor L. Dively.. Aug. 20, 1916
James Brubaker .. , 1885 Samuel C. Weyant. Aug. 20, 1916

Deacons: 1872, Frederic C. Dively, Henry Brumbaugh; 1878,
Thomas Claar, Chauncey F. Lingenfelter; 1886, James Brumbaugh,
Jacob C. Claar, Abram I. Claar; 1889, Albert Claar, Moses Walter;
1898, Essington Claar, Emery Walter; 1904, David Burket, Franklin
C. Claar; 1905, William Lingenfelter; 1911, Austin Burket, Essing-
ton F. Claar, Frederic M. Dively, Albert F. Claar, George G. Dively,
Henry Claar. Isaac Bowser, Moses Claar, Austin Claar, William J.
B. Claar, dates unknown.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

Sunday-school was first organized in the old Claar house on
May 13, 1877. Organization: Joseph W. Wilt, superintendent;
Michael Claar, assistant superintendent; Abram I. Claar, secretary;
Frederick Dively, assistant secretary; Thomas Claar, treasurer.
The attendance the first day was 48. The lessons studied, first
chapter of the Gospel of John. In 1904 the average attendance was
85; seven teachers; $35.97 was raised, of which $24.96 was given to
missions and charities ; sixteen conversions. The school has been
"evergreen' since 1906; has maintained a front-line standard dur-
ing the years 1914-'20, 1922-'24 ; has had teacher training 1914 to
present time and twenty-two have received first vear certificates.

Superintendents: 1877, Joseph W. Wilt; 1892, "Chauncey F. Lin-
genfelter; 1904, Joseph A. Claar; 1905, Miriam Claar; 1906-'08,
Joseph A. Claar; 1909, Chauncey F. Lingenfelter; 1910, Essington
H. Claar; 1911-'12, A. Frederick Claar; 1913, Jesse H. Claar; 1914,
Andrew M. Dixon: 1915-'20, Taylor L. Dively; 1921-'22, Samuel C.
Weyant; 1923, Blair Musselman ; 1924, Lucretia Black.

198

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

LOWER CLAAR

Present Membership, 60.

The centre of spiritual activity for the Claar congrega-
tion was the Lower Claar house for a time after this
house was built in 1890.f Here lovefeasts and council
meetings for the whole congregation were held. Here
the district meeting of 1906, the only one entertained

Lower Claar Church.

by the congregation, was held. The church mewed for-
ward with fair progress up to the time of the division of
territory, May 5, 1916.

The new organization, Lower Claar, had but 50 mem-
bers ; yet it was free from debt and had a splendid equip-
ment. A non-resident minister was a serious handicap.
They organized as follows : David M. Adams (Albright
congregation), bishop and pastor; Joseph Claar, secre-
tary ; Frederic A. Claar, treasurer. David M. Adams did
not take residence in the congregation, after five years
discontinued his labors and the congregation was sup-
plied with preaching by Dorsey I. Pepple and others.

* To Linnie Claar the reader is indebted for some of the information con-
tained in this sketch.

t See full account under Claar.

199.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

This has been greatly against the growth of the con-
gregation.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The Sunday-school was first organized in the Lower Claar house
on May 14, 1916. Officers: Joseph A. Claar, superintendent; Kath-
eren Claar, secretary; Moses Walter, treasurer. The school was
" evergreen ' from the beginning ; the first year had an average at-
tendance of 45.

Superintendents: 1916-'18, Joseph Claar; 1919-'20, Andrew Snow-
berger; 1921-'23, McClellan Walter; 1924, Andrew Snowberger.

QUEEN

Present Membership, 52.

Abram I. Claar and family lived in the village of
Queen, about four miles from the Claar Church and were
very anxious that there be a place of worship in their
home town. Hence on September 24, 1913, a number of
members and others met in the William F. Hainsey resi-
dence to consider the advisability of building a church in
the village. Jeremiah Wright, Jr. was elected president
of the meeting and Harry B. Coder secretary. The re-
sults of that meeting were these : $600.00 was subscribed
by the eight individuals present ; second, a building com-
mittee consisting of David A. Claar, David Burket, Jere-
miah Wright, Jr., Jesse H. Claar and Harry B. Coder
was appointed; third, the project was to be brought be-
fore the Claar congregation in council, October 4, 1913.

David A. Burket, David A. Claar and Jeremiah
Wright, Jr., were elected trustees at a meeting held De-
cember 2, 1913. Also David A. Burket was appointed
treasurer and the Claar Brothers of East Freedom were
given the contract to erect the house, a 40 x 50 frame,
plain square windows, slate roof, for $1,847.74. When
the house was well under construction a storm blew it
down. This delayed the completion and added greatly
to the cost.

By October 4, 1914 the house was completed and the
people gathered to dedicate it. Walter S. Long of Al-
toona led the people in the services, assisted by Andrew
M. Dixon, reading Psalms 96, Levi Rogers leading in the

200

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

opening prayer. The message was based on Exodus 4.
Closing prayer by Abram I. Claar.

Total cost of the house before dedication was. . $2,097.75
Offering that day 382.63

Unpaid $1,715.12

The same year the house was dedicated. Abram Claar,
the leading spirit in having the church erected, died.

The Queen Church.

This left the group without a minister but not discour-
aged, for they were ready for the proposed division of
territory and a separate congregation, which was ac-
complished on July 15, 1916. James A. Sell was given
the oversight. July 15, 1917, a " get together " meeting
was held, $300.00 was raised towards the church debt and
a new inspiration came to the membership.

A Sunday-school was organized with David A. Claar
superintendent. John B. Miller succeeded James A. Sell
in the oversight in 1918. Under his supervision the debt
has been entirely removed, appointments are regularly
rilled and the little church is proving a blessing to the
community.

201

CHAPTER V

The Duncansville Congregation and Its
Growth in Blair County

1780 1800 1820 1840 1860 1880 1900 1920

Franks-; own ti . 1866;

Duncannville ;il 190l;then Cars on Valley

1682

1919

Hollidaysburg
Learner sville
Altoona, First
Altoona, 28th St.

DUNCANSVILLE

Originally called Frankstown

"When, in August, 1756, Col. John Armstrong
marched against the Indian town of Kittanging, he was
accompanied by Rev. Charles Beatty, who served as
chaplain of the expeditionary forces. A halt was made
at Beaver Dams, — a locality now known as McCahan's
Mill (about one mile west of Hollidaysburg. — Ed.) — and
there on a quiet Sabbath-day in the month of September
religious ceremonies were observed. This undoubtedly
was the first worship and preaching of the gospel in this
vicinity, and probably within the limits of the present
county of Blair." t

Charles B. Clark in his Semi-Centennial History of
Blair County refers to the foregoing and says, " The
first permanent white settlers in Blair County, coming
into the southern end of Morrison's Cove about 1760 or
earlier, were Tunkers and that was probably the first re-
ligious denomination to obtain a foothold in Blair

* To James A. Sell the reader is indebted for paragraphs in quotation, not
otherwise credited.

f Africa's History of Blair County, p. 89, 1883.

202

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

County territory. A Presbyterian minister by the name
of Beatty preached a sermon one Sunday at Beaver Dam,
now called McCann's Mills, (McCachan's Mill is meant.
Ed.) in 1756 ; but it is likely the Tunkers, who resided
here, as above stated, held religious services at a still
earlier date, and that the congregation consisted of resi-
dents of the Cove."

James A. Sell, who was reared in this section and took
a special interest in its history, gives this account of the
beginning' in Blair County :

" This is the name of that body of members of the
Church of the Brethren who in the beginning occupied
the territory east of the Alleghany Mountain and in the
upper end of the Juniata Valley. Her history goes back
almost to the very beginning of activities in these parts,
and of course to a time when records were not kept by
those who ' kept the faith ' and even those who received
the traditions from first handed have gone to their re-
ward. Yet it is assuring that what traditions have been
handed down are in the main correct and dependable/'

" Agents who traded with the Indians came into this
valley as early as 1750. On their heels came a few set-
tlers and soon after 1760, when good title to the land
could be given, the Brethren came in such numbers that
they secured the right to all the land adjacent to the
place now known as Frankstown, a few miles down the
river from Hollidaysburg. So completely did the Breth-
ren occupy the good lands along the Juniata River, that
it took the name of ' Dunker Bottom/ a name appearing
in legal papers to designate the location of properties/'

" The church started as a colony or settlement entirely
separate from other settlements of Brethren and was
from the beginning known as the Frankstown Church.
There is a large probability that there never was any
formal organization. Among the earliest members are
to be found such names as Philips, Kinsel, Christian,
Koontz, Almaugh, and a quarter of a century later, such
as Sell, Stiffler, Snyder, Albright, Wilt, Ressler, Donner,
Slingluff and Burkhart.

" With the preaching of the Word in these times tra-
dition associates the names, Ullery, Holsinger, Cripe
and Etter. The first two of these evidently lived in Yel-

203

A History of the Church of the Brethren

low Creek congregation and so one may conclude that
these brethren simply journeyed hither occasionally and
preached, for the members and friends. On the other
hand it is reasonable to conclude that Cripe and Etter
were resident ministers. *

" Some time later David Albaugh, born in Maryland in
1760, married March 26, 1782 to Maria Herndern, located
close to Duncansville. He took up a large tract of land,
built for himself a home, partitions of which were re-
movable so as to use the house for meetings, and took a
deep interest in the religious needs of the country. Min-
isters of the Gospel were few and heavenly messages
were rare. So splendidly did David Albaugh fit into the
spiritual needs of the times that he began preaching
without the usual formal call to the ministry, soon was
advanced to the bishopric and in all probability was
the first resident bishop of the Frankstown group of
members.

" David Zachariah Albaugh, born to David Albaugh in
1794, married Elizabeth Snyder, was elected to the min-
istry and served the church faithfully for many years.
After the death of his wife, he, broken down by hard
labor and bearing the burden of years, retired to the
home of his son in the Conemaugh Church, Cambria
County, where he died March 2, 1866.

" While in the beginning the brethren settled thickly
around Frankstown in the course of time there was mani-
fest a disposition to scatter; some located in the Loop;
others up the river south of Hollidaysburg; and still
others among the foothills of the Alleghany Mountain.

" In addition to this tendency to scatter because of
land advantages, the members at Frankstown were sur-
rounded by the Scotch-Irish who made it very unpleasant
for them. One by one the Brethren sold out and in the
course of a generation their fertile farms were all in the
hands of others. Through this exodus a colony went

* In describing a visit to this congregation!, in 1877, in Primitive Christian and
Pilgrim, June 12, 1877, James Quinter says: "This church dates back a good
many years, perhaps nearly a hundred. The first minister, from what we could
learn of the ministry of the congregation, was Brother John Cripe ; the next was
Brother Etter; following him was Brother David Albaugh, Senior; after him
was David Allbaugh, Junior ; next was Brother Burkhart ; and now the ministers
of this church are J. A. Brice, and David Sell. These are all brothers, and
active laborers in the church, the first named having the oversight of it. In
Middle Indiana there are members known as Frankstown members. These went
from this congregation."

204

Upper: The John Wilt home. Middle: The Smith home. Lower: The Dormer
home, the residence of the late Brice Sell. In these homes the Albaughs and
others preached before the days of a church house.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

west and settled in the neighborhood of what is now
known as Deer Creek Church, between Delphi and
Logansport, Indiana. For many years they were known
as the " Frankstowners." They had some peculiarities
which clung to them that made them famous. One was
that the sisters wore broad-brimmed fur hats.

"Thus the centre of the brethren settlement shifted
from Frankstown to Duncansville. Here the preachers
all lived ; here also the first church house had been built
some years before ; here the most of their services were
held; hence in 1866 the name was changed from Franks-
town to Duncansville Church.

" This first house of worship, — date not known, — was
built jointly by the Brethren, Mennonites and Lutherans.
It probably was the first church building in this part of
the valley, was erected on a hill above the Gesseytown
cemetery, constructed of logs, and served its purpose well
for about three quarters of a century. Gradually the
Brethren and Mennonites sold their houses and moved
away and the Lutherans came into sole possession of
the church property. After years passed they built a
brick church just a few rods from the site of the old
house and maintain worship at this historic spot unto
this day.

" About the time that David Albaugh, Senior, built his
home adapted for worship, the community built a house
on the present site of Larson Valley Church. It was
erected for church and school purposes, was known as
the " Old School House," constructed in the most primi-
tive manner and served the church for about half a cen-
tury. It was finally removed to make place for the
Carson Valley Church cemetery.

" This left the church without a house of worship.
Meetings were held in private homes and school houses.
A few of these homes are standing in which meetings
were held a century ago. Among the more prominent may
be named the Donner house, now owned by Sister Brice
Sell ; John Wilt's home, — he the grandfather of Joseph
W. Wilt of Juniata ; Abraham's Sell's home, — he the
grandfather of Brice, James, and David Sell ; the Smith
home on the Johnstown road at the foot of the Alleghany
Mountain. In all these homes David Albaugh preached.

206

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

" October 20, 1852, David Albaugh conveyed one acre
of ground on the end of his farm near Duncansville to
Daniel Sell, Thomas Snyder and Levi Hoover as trus-
tees of the Frankstown Church. The consideration was
$30.00. The trustees proceeded at once to build, and the
house was completed the following year. This was the
first house owned exclusively by the Brethren. Though
the location was inconvenient, it served the church for
meetings and lovefeasts until 1875.

" During David Z. Albaugh's administration which
covered approximately forty years, Jacob Burkhart was
elected to the ministry, date unknown. He was never
ordained, yet for twenty-five years, the management of
the church rested on his shoulders.

" After the removal of David Z. Albaugh the church
was without a resident elder until 1860, at which time
Graybill Myers located at Eldorado. He however, spent
most of his time in the evangelistic field and never had
oversight of the home congregation.

" In 1866 Daniel M. Holsinger located in the bounds
of the congregation and was perhaps the same year or-
dained. He had oversight of the church until he moved
away in 1870.

" Michael Claar resided in the congregation, but as he
spent much time in the evangelistic field he was of but
little service to the Frankstown Church."

The earliest official record is July 26, 1871, when a
special council was called and Joseph R. Hanawalt,
George Brumbaugh, John W. Brumbaugh, Jacob Miller
and Leonard Furry assisted the church in settling a
difficulty. James A. Sell was clerk. A few extracts from
these records show the aggressive and yet prudent spirit
of this congregation.

November 11, 1871, it was " agreed unanimously to
build a new meeting house at Leamersville, 24 x 40 feet.
James A. Sell, Joseph Soyster and Brice Sell were ap-
pointed trustees, to receive labor, get the material, and
in short build the house. . . . Robert McFarlin was ap-
pointed collector and treasurer." At the next meeting
March 7, 1872, for lack of funds the erecting of the house
was deferred and " James A. Sell resigned his place on
the building committee on account of interfering with

207

A History of the Church of the Brethren

his ministerial duties/' A special meeting (November
9, 1872) decided to locate the new church " on Andrew
Snowberger's place near the town of Freedom." James
A. Sell was appointed solicitor.

Then in 1872, Daniel D. Sell, a deacon, gave a big
impetus to a realization of their hopes by donating a lot
at Leamersville for church purposes. The members had
become quite eager to have their own house because,
since 1865, they had been worshiping in a rented Metho-
dist Episcopal Church. Plans were entirely changed.
Such confidence was reposed in James A. Sell, a carpen-
ter and a member of their own group, that they made him
solicitor, treasurer, architect and head carpenter. He
undertook the task with a cheerful, courageous heart and
on Thursday, Christinas, 1873, a house, 30x40 feet and
costing, besides donated labor, $640.00 was dedicated.
Henry R. Holsinger preached the dedicatory sermon,
using for his text I Kings 6 : 11. The occasion was a
spiritual uplift, for the meetings were continued until
Sunday evening, as follows : Christmas evening, Daniel
M. Holsinger of Clover Creek, text, Matthew 11 ; Friday,
Leonard Furry of Yellow Creek, text, Romans 12 ; in the
evening John W. Brumbaugh of Clover Creek, text, I
Peter 2:2; Saturday evening, Henry R. Holsinger again,
text, Micah 6 :8 ; Sunday, Graybill Myers of Eldora and
in the evening Amos Wright of Lower Cumberland,
text, John 14 :15 *

Also at the same meeting, November 11, 1871, " it was
agreed to appoint a treasurer and each member pay quar-
terly at least five cents for paying traveling expenses of
strange preachers who may visit ' the congregation.
" About this time a move was made to dispose of the
Albaugh house and build one at Carson Valley. John H.
Stiffler, Joseph Stiffler and Samuel Brubaker were ap-
pointed building committee in the winter of 1874. They
sold the old house for $334.00 and gave a contract for a
new one, 34 x 48 feet, good basement story, for $1,350.00.
On Friday, October 23, 1874, Henry R. Holsinger dedi-
cated the new house, using for his text, Titus 2 :14. His
subject was " Peculiar People." In the evening William
H. Quinn from Warriors Mark spoke, text, Matthew 5.

* Gleaned from Christian Family Companion and Gospel Visitor, 1874, p. 61.

208

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Saturday following, a communion was held, Leonard
Furry officiating. On Sunday Stephen Hildebrand spoke
in the morning, and in the evening, Leonard Furry on
" The Lord's Supper/' *

The problem of properly taking care of visiting preach-
ers engaged the congregation still further, for it was de-
cided (April 27, 287?) "to hold open collection when
strange brethren come to pay their way. The church
decided to pay the preacher's way to Altoona to church."
At the same meeting the church " granted the house
(Carson Valley) for the purpose of holding a Sunday-
school under the control of the brethren." Further (No-
vember 10, 1877), the church decided to have "a system
of quarterly council meetings to take effect in 1878."
Also lengthy minutes are found about the finances of the
church, the most important part of which is first, volun-
tary subscriptions to meet all expenses ; if this did not
cover all expenses of church then to levy a tax. James
A. Sell " asked permission to have a prayermeeting at the
church " and same was granted.

At a meeting May 3, 1878, it was decided to " let the
Altoona members hold a lovefeast of their own." At
the next meeting (August 23), the Altoona "Arm" was
granted the privilege of electing a deacon. Persons stay-
ing all night in the church had been causing considerable
trouble and it was decided " not to feed the people the
next morning " and all go home after the communion.
At the fall council (November 2), by a vote 26 to 3, the
congregation decided to pay their preachers " not less
than $1.00 per day for each day lost to visit the sick,
preach funerals, etc."

In 1879, the members (May 3) were very much in favor
of home missions but cannot pledge ourselves to a special
amount." They favor the division of the State District
and decided to pay $5.00 of the expenses incurred by
Graybill Myers to represent the church at District Meet-
ing. The Altoona group was granted privilege to or-
ganize and Mr. Mahaffey " to have a singing school " in
the Altoona house.

In 1880, the congregation (September 11) adopted a

* Gleaned from James A. Sell's Report in Christian Family Companion and
Gospel Visitor, 1874, p. 783

209

A History of the Church of the Brethren

rather elaborate home missionary plan for reaching the
outposts of the congregation. The home ministers are to
do the preaching, — one at a time go, $1.00 per day for
each week day lost to be paid, collections to be taken
up at places of meeting and if these do not meet the

Upper Line: Members in earlier days of the Carson Valley locality.
Lower Line : Members in recent years in the congregation.

allowance, special offerings by the church shall be taken
to meet the deficit.

The next year (February 9), it was "resolved that the
members stand by the ministers to get all persons not to
use any tobacco while in the house of God.': The con-
gregation also asked that some one of the ministers
preaches a sermon on temperance. At the next council
(April 30), it was decided " to change from double to
single mode of feetwashing."

210

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

May 6, 1882, the congregation resolves that " the Al-
toona arm of the church be organized separately from the
Duncansville Church." At the next meeting (August
26) this was passed : " In view of the conflicting elements
of the Church Progression, etc. the church decides this
26th day of August to go on in the even tenor of its way
or stand where she always stood."

The " Record of the Faithful " * states that this congre-
gation was organized in 1800 with twenty members ; that
in 1881-1882 it had three houses and a membership of
175. The first house was erected in 1856. James A.
Sell was bishop, Brice Sell, Daniel D. Sell, Daniel Bral-
lier were in the second and Jacob Musselman in the first
degree of the ministry.*

" For several years James A. Sell was the only active
minister. In 1872 his brother Brice Sell was elected and
in the same year a little later David, another brother.
From 1870 to 1880 the church passed through the great-
est prosperity of its history. Its membership was doubled
in one year. The building debts were all paid and the
membership were in love and peace. The unfortunate
division of the church in 1882 caused some members to
withdraw and for a few years affected the growth of the
church.

" The ministers of the Duncansville church started and
carried forward the work in Altoona until it was organ-
ized in 1882. Up to that time its history is part of the
history of this church.

" By the organization of Altoona, the territory of the
Duncansville church was now limited to Carson Valley
and Leamersville. As the membership was about equally
divided, a movement arose to form two separate congre-
gations. This was consummated in 1904. James A. Sell
who had been presiding for thirty-two years, in order to
remove all embarrassment in the new organization ten-
dered his resignation. The decision to divide was made
almost unanimous and yet the separation was more sad
than joyful. Two farewell meetings were held at each
place, — the one a memorial and the other a forward look.
They were considered the best meetings ever held in this
church."

* Published in 1882 by Howard Miller.

211

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Bishops who presided and the years of their service as far as
known :

David Albaugh, Sr to Daniel M. Holsinger.1866 to 1872

David Z. Albaugh James A. Sell 1872 to 1904

Jacob S. Burkhart.. 1860 to 1866

Ministers elected and the date of their election as far as can be
gathered :

A. Brother Garver James A. Sell 1865

John D. Veach Brice Sell 1872

Abraham Sell David Sell 1876

Joseph B. Sell 1864 Levi Benner 1898

Deacons and the date of their election :

Daniel Sell 1850 Simon Sell 1875

Daniel Ressler 1850 Samuel Brubaker 1875

Thomas G. Snyder John Stiffler 1876

John Ressler about 1866 Ellis Brubaker 1876

Jessee Crumpaker . . .about 1870 Jeremiah Klepser 1894

David Sell 1872

CARSON VALLEY*

Present Membership, 127.

This is one of the three congregations which came
from the divisions of the Duncansville congregation and
formerly known as the Frankstown Church. This
division was effected in 1904. Carson Valley organized
with the following:

Ministers: Levi B. Benner, William N. Hoover.

Deacons: Ellis J >rubaker, Samuel Brubaker, Levi
Hoover.

Laity: 84

Organization: Brice Sell, bishop; P. Pearl Benner, sec-
retary; Samuel Brubaker, treasurer.

A mission was started in Lakemont the same year the
church was organized, but for sufficient reasons it was
abandoned. The Holiday sburg mission, begun in 1908,
was a part of the Carson Valley territory and absorbed
the time of William H. Hoover, one of the ministers of
the congregation, and he could not help elsewhere. Still
the church tried to serve in the larger sphere and in 1912

* To Frank A. Brubaker the reader is indebted for some of the information
of this sketch.

212

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

started a mission at Bennington. At first this was quite
promising but lack of ministerial help compelled disap-
pointments and at last the project had to be abandoned.
Again a renewed effort was made at Lakemont where
there were a number of members : good interest and
splendid congregations gathered and there were large
hopes of organizing a separate congregation. But again

The Carson Valley Church.

through shortage of ministerial help the mission was
abandoned and all that was gained, lost.

Levi Benner, Frank E. Brubaker and Jacob Hoover
felt to center their efforts at the Carson Valley house.

Their efforts built up the work, and the church building
erected by the Duncansville congregation in 1875 was
remodeled and dedicated anew on August 13, 1917. Wil-
liam J. Swigart conducted the service, using for his text
John 4 :20-22. The building committee consisted of
Jacob Brubaker, John Replogle, John A. Brubaker,
Frank E. Brubaker and Gilbert Bingham.

The year 1925 began with their bishop Levi B. Benner,
deceased, Frank E. Brubaker, moved to Martinsburg to
superintend the Children's Home, and no presiding
bishop chosen.

213

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Elders who have presided since the organization :

Brice Sell 1904 Levi B. Benner, 1908-

Dec. 12, 1924

Ministers elected :

* George Cochrane 1904 Frank E. Brnbaker 1912

Blair Hoover 1910 Jacob Hoover 1912

Daniel G. Brubaker 1910

Deacons: 1904, John A. Brubaker, Daniel G. Brubaker; 1908,

Samuel Clapper; 1909, Frank E. Brubaker, Jacob Hoover; 1912,

Lewis Hoover; 1914, John Rcplogle, David Kaufrman ; 1920, Ray-
mond Brubaker, Gilbert Bingham.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

" The brethren and sisters of the Duncansville congregation, after
repeated requests, made arrangements at the quarterly council, held
Saturday, May 4, 1878, to organize a Sabbath-school here, the first
ever held in this place by the Brethren. For several years the Breth-
ren have been holding successful schools at Leamersville and at
Altoona, the extremes of this congregation. Officers : Ellis Bru-
baker, superintendent; Elijah Berkey and David Smouse, assistants;
Joseph Sifiier, secretary-treasurer ; William Buck, monitor. " His
office was to invite strangers forward into the classes, etc. . . .
Thirty-six scholars present at the opening, the following Sunday.
The Brethren's hymn book used for singing. The Testament for
lessons. Questions were asked by the superintendent, to different
classes to be discussed the following Sabbath. Collections were
taken up from time to time, wherewith to purchase the necessary
books, tickets, etc. It will be understood this is the first Sabbath
school ever held by the Brethren in this vicinity, and it as well as
many other things had its opposition." The school closed the fol-
lowing October with an enrollment of 76. t

Through James A. Sell writing a letter the school was represented
at the Spring Run Convention October 10, 1878. The next year
John Stiffier represented at the New Enterprise convention, May
28, 1879.

The school did not represent at the 1898 convention, but in 1904
made this report : average attendance, 70 ; seven teachers ; raised
$102.00, of which $38.73 went to missions and charity work; two
conversions.

The officers of the school when Carson Valley became a separate
congregation in 1904 were Levi Benner, superintendent; F. Pearl
Brubaker, secretary ; John A. Brubaker, treasurer. The average at-
tendance was 55 ; for 1908, 98. The school has been " evergreen "
since 1904. It has maintained a front-line standard during the
years 1916, 1917, 1918, and 1920. Teacher training class was con-
ducted during 1917 and four received first year certificates.

* Did not accept.

f Extracted from Emily R. Stiffler's report in Primitive Christian and Pilgrim,
1878, p. 749.

214

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Superintendents: 1878, Ellis Brubaker; 1879, Leonard C. Stiffler;
1880, Ellis Brubaker; 1881 to 1903, not known; 1904, Levi B. Ben-
ner; 1905, William N. Hoover; 1906-'08, Levi B. Benner ; 1909,
Jacob W. Hoover; 1910-'14, Frank E. Brubaker; 1921-'22, H. Gil-
bert Bingham; 1923-25, Martin Albright

SISTERS AID SOCIETY

The Society first met in the home of Annie Hoover on June 22,
1911. Presidents: Annie Hoover till 1914; Ida M. Benner till 1921.
Reorganization March 15, 1922. Elsie Brubaker, president; in 1923
Pearl Brubaker. The Society has had few members and they have
given their efforts mainly to the needs in their own community, in
the following manner: In 1917 carpeted the main auditorium and
purchased pupil chairs and sent clothing and food to the Chicago
Mission. In 1922 sent carpet and curtains for one room of Old
Folks Home at Martinsburg. In 1924 thus far bought linoleum
for vestibule and sewed different days for sisters who wanted help.

HOLLIDAYSBURG*

Present Membership, 146.

Although Hollidaysburg is located in the very heart
of the old Frankstown Church territory of early settle-
ment times, very few members of the Church of the
Brethren ever resided in the town until recently, and no
public worship was held by them until in this century.
In the spring of 1908 a Sunday-school was started in
Sltultz Hall, corner of Mulberry and Wayne Streets, by
six resident members and at once grew in interest and
attendance. On September 13 following, the first preach-
ing service was conducted by James A. Sell and such
services have been held regularly ever since.

Inasmuch as Hollidaysburg was a part of Carson Val-
ley congregation and this new work was begun rather
independent of the mother church, steps were taken to
organize the little beginning into a separate mission
point. This was done August 28, 1909, in the presence
of George S. Myers, John B. Brumbaugh and John B.
Miller, representatives of the District Mission Board.
George S. Myers presided. After the purpose of the
meeting was set forth, these propositions, copied from
the minutes of that meeting, were presented :

* To Clarence C. Shiffler the reader is indebted for much of the information
in this sketch.

215

Bishop William N. Hoover.

Mr. and Mrs. Matthew Sell.

The Hollidaysburg Church.

Mr. and Mrs. Walter C. Sell. Mr. and Mrs. Clarence C. Shiffler.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

" Do you want to organize where you can work to-
gether as Christians for the upbuilding of the faith of the
Gospel as taught in the New Testament and upheld by
the Church of the Brethren, — where you can place your
membership and have a church home? Unanimously
affirmed. "

" Do you love and are you willing to maintain the Gos-
pel principles as held by the church and set forth in your
baptismal covenant? The elders present explained what
all was involved in this covenant and it was unanimously
accepted."

The charter members were William N. Hoover, min-
ister ; Matthew W. Sell, deacon ; Grace Sell, Minnie
Keith, Rosa Rice, Edna Ringler, Sadie and Elizabeth
Baker, Maria Sell and Susie Baker.

The little group organized by electing William N.
Hoover foreman under the District Mission Board and
Matthew W. Sell secretary-treasurer. No boundary lines
were made other than that Hollidaysburg and vicinity
was to be the territory occupied.

Bishops presiding :

William N. Hoover 1909

Joseph J. Shaffer 1919

Ministers elected :

Clarence C. Shiffler Oct. 15, 1915

Mrs. Alice D. Sell ' Oct. 5, 1924

Deacons elected: April 5, 1913, David M. Snowberger, James
D. Malone and Clarence C. Shiffler.

Pastors and dates each began to serve :

William N. Hoover 1908

Joseph J. Shaffer Oct., 1919

Walter C. Sell September 1, 1924

From the beginning the mission has been self supporting.

At the time of the organization James A. Sell proposed
starting a building fund at once and turned over four
cents as a neucleus, saying that years before a poor sister,
Emily R. StifTler, who once lived in the city, sent him
two postage stamps towards a building in town. Brother
Sell himself took a deep interest in the proposed building
and raised $1200.00 outside of the congregation.

April 14, 1911, a lot on Pine Street was bought. David

217

A History of the Church of the Brethren

M. Snowberger, Clarence C. ShifTler, Samuel N. Gearhart,
James D. Malone, Matthew W. Sell, Daniel B. Maddocks
and George A. Keith were appointed building committee.
By November 29, 1914, a brick house 36 x 50, with an an-
nex 12 x 25, and, including the lot, costing $5,250.00, was
dedicated. John H. Cassady, of Huntingdon, spoke on
the occasion.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The Sunday-school was first organized and met in Stultz Hall on
April 26, 1908, by electing Matthew W. Sell superintendent; Viola
Soyster, secretar}^; Matthew W. Sell, chorister.

The average attendance for the first year was 47; for 1923, 111.
Teacher training classes have been held since 1913 and 22 have re-
ceived their certificates.

Superintendents and date term of service began :

Matthew W. Sell April 26, 1908

Clarence C. Shiffler July 1, 1915

CHRISTIAN WORKERS SOCIETY

This was organized January 1, 1909. Officers: Rosa Rice, presi-
dent ; Grace Sell, secretary ; Elizabeth Replogle, treasurer. It has
kept up its organization by electing officers annually.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Sisters met December 2, 1908, in the home of Minnie Baker
and organized. The charter members and the officers for the first
term : Elizabeth Baker, president ; Maria Sell, vice-president ; Susie
Baker, secretary; Sadie Baker, assistant secretary; Minnie Baker
and Grace Sell.

LEAMERSVILLE

Present Membership, 140.

On June 25, 1904, Carson Valley and Leamersville
groups of members, being originally a part of the Dun-
cansville (Frankstown) congregation, were divided, the
boundary between them being a line running east and
west midway between Duncansvile and Newry.

The Leamersville congregation, organized on the date
of the division, consisted of the following:

Ministers : David D. Sell, James A. Sell, Brice Sell,
Michael Claar, and Jacob Zimmerman. Deacons : Simon

218

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Sell and Martin Greenleaf. Laymembers, forty.

David A. Sell was chosen bishop.

" The church enjoyed a healthy growth, so much so
that it was thought best in five years to sell the church
and lot and accept a parcel of ground, the present site of

The Leamersville Church from 1873 to 1910.

the Leamersville house, donated by John Sell and Martin
Greenleaf.

" The last service in the old house, laden with thirty-
eight years of precious memories, was held April 3, 1910.
The Carson Valley members and friends were present
and the service was both a home-coming and farewell.
Brice S'ell preached from the same scripture used at the
dedication. James A. Sell among other things expressed
these fitting words : " Call it not weakness if like Joseph
of old we turn aside to weep as we go away from this
place to which we are bound by a thousand ties of sweet
and pleasant memories. Here we came for comfort in

219

A History of the Church of the Brethren

our sorrow, strength for our weakness, pity in our way-
wardness and forgiveness for our sins. With sad hearts
we part with our dear old home. But we are cheered in
the thought that there is another awaiting us just over
the way, — and one still better over the river/'
" But the new house must be erected.

The Leamersville Church from 1910 to 1922.

' Again James A. Sell was engaged as solicitor and
contractor, and this time he did a greater part of the
work himself. It was a frame house 38 x 60 feet, without
basement, and cost $3,000.00. The Sisters Aid Society
furnished it throughout at a cost of $500.00 additional.
On September 18, 1910, Charles C. Ellis, leading in the
service and speaking from Ezra 6:16, dedicated the
house. It was not only free of debt but had a small sur-
plus which later was given to the Hollidaysburg congre-
gation." Thus has James A. Sell written. He also com-
posed the following lines :

" Hear us, O thou great Jehovah,

While we lift our hearts in praise;
Make this place thy habitation

Now and through the coming days.

220

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

" May the burdened soul find solace
In the service of this place,
And enjoy the heavenly comfort
Given by the Savior's Grace.

" May this house become a refuge
To the weary troubled soul,
As we strive through pain and conflict
For the Christian's happy goal.

" While we linger at this altar,
Craving blessings from above,
Send Thy Spirit down to meet us;
Fill us with the Savior's Love.

Chorus.

" May Thy Spirit, Lord be with us
As we gather here to pray ;
Fill our hearts with joy and gladness;
Lead us in the perfect way."

The congregation continued in its growth in an en-
couraging way. Members alive to the needs of the Sun-
day-school began an agitation for remodeling the house
and installation of a number of features needful for effec-
tual work. As a result at the council held April 2, 1922,
a paper was presented from the Sunday-school Workers
Meeting as follows : " Realizing the need, possibility and
advantage of a fully equipped basement, we as a Sunday-
school Workers Meeting respectfully ask the church to
take definite steps to do this work." This request met
with favor and Essington H. Claar, Burdine Claar,
Homer Benton, George Lewis and Jacob Benton were
appointed a building committee. Another committee
was appointed to solicit the members and it reported to
a special council April 15, 1922, that $750.00 had been
subscribed for the first year. The proposed improve-
ment, raising the house five feet, installing steam heat-
ing plant and making a number of S!unday-school rooms,
it was reported (April 15, 1922) would cost about
$3,500.00. Sixteen voted to remodel and four were
against the proposed measure. On April 29 plans pre-
sented for the basement were approved and building
committee was instructed " to start the work and pro-
vide the finances until the next business meeting." No-
vember 5, 1922, the work was done and the people as-

221

A History of the Church of the Brethren

sembled to rededicate their house of worship. Charles
C. Ellis led in the dedication service, speaking in the
forenoon and afternoon. That evening Benjamin F.
Waltz of Altoona began a series of meetings. In the fall
of 1924 Commercial electric light was installed.

SPg

The Leamehsville Church Since 1922.

Bishops presiding :

David Sell 1904

James A. Sell 1910

David D. Sell 1911

No one 1916

Brice Sell 1919

John B. Miller 1921

Pastors :

George B. Rogers April 1, 1921, March 1, 1924

John B. Miller March 1, 1924, and continues.

Ministers elected :
Homer S. Benton On August 11, 1912

Deacons elected: 1904, Matthew Sell, Jacob Benton; 1909, Archi-
bald Claar, Frank A. Langham ; 1915, Ira Snowberger, Jacob Green-
leaf; 1921, Birdine Claar, Jacob Hoover

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The first Sunday-school in the Duncansville congregation was held
in the Leamersville church on May 1, 1875. Organization: James

222

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

A. Sell, superintendent; David D. Sell, assistant superintendent;
Simon Sell, secretary.

After visiting the school James A. Crawford speaks of the fore-
going organization and makes these interesting comments : " The
teachers are all, I think, members of the church, and such mem-
bers, too, that are active in good works and laboring for the welfare
of the school. Sister Jesse Cogan, a pleasant young lady, who but
a few months ago enlisted under the banner of King Jesus, is
laboring as a teacher and is apparently enjoying herself. . . . The
children's paper is distributed among the school. No library books
are used ; but the Bible is the only reading book. Questions are
asked from the same by the superintendent and explained very satis-
factory in the school. On this account it is the most interesting
one I ever visited. I think if we had such a school in every church
of our fraternity, a great deal of good might be accomplished." *

The school did not represent at the James Creek convention in
1876, represented by letter written by James A. Sell at the Spring
Run convention in 1878, and sent David D. Sell as delegate to the
New Enterprise convention of 1879.

The school did not report to the 1898 convention, but the follow-
ing is given in the convention of 1904: enrollment, 86; average at-
tendance, 48; seven teachers; raised $79.17, of which $44.09 was
given to missions and charity ; " evergreen."

Superintendents: 1875, James A. Sell; after that till 1904, not
known; 1904, Frank A. Langham; 1905, ; 1906, Mat-
thew Sell; 1907, James A. Sell; 1908-'ll, Mrs. James A. Sell; 1912,
Homer Benton; 1913-'24, Frank A. Langham.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Sisters' Aid Society was organized in the home of Mrs.
James A. Sell in June, 1898. The following are charter members:
Esther B. Sell, Sara A. Sell, Cora Greenleaf, Barbara Benton, Junie
Leighty, Grace Benton, Minnie Baker, Rachel Sell, Martha Sell,
Cora Sell, Lydia Greenleaf, Carrie Langham, Grace Sell, Maria Sell
and Anna Sell.

Organization : Esther B. Sell, president ; Grace and Sarah S. Sell,
secretaries ; Cora Greenleaf, treasurer.

Presidents: Mrs. Esther B. Sell, June, 1898 to November 6, 1902;
Maria Sell, to 1905; Barbara Benton, till 1909; Sara A. Sell, 1909
and continues.

Clayburg Mission. Though geographically in the
Lower Claar territory Leamersville congregation has
developed this mission.

There being about 100 members in Clayburg and
vicinity, a Sunday-school was superintended by Jeremiah
Snowberger during the summer of 1821. The next sum-
mer, during August and September, 1922, Charles O.

* Christian Family Companion and Gospel Visitor^ 187G, p. 606.

223

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Berry held a three weeks' tabernacle meeting and bap-
tized twenty-one. From that time John B. Miller held
meetings every Lord's day, morning and evening, for one
year. In Jnly, 1923, John R. Snyder conducted a three
weeks' meeting and three were baptized and two re-
claimed. In September, 1924, George E. Yoder, assisted
by Helen Shelienberger, held a two weeks' meeting and
three were added by baptism and one reclaimed. At
different times one member was added until John B.
Miller received five by baptism. All this work, continued
under the pastoral care of John B. Miller, has been car-
ried on in the Odd Fellows Hall.

Claysburg Sunday-school. This was organized first in the spring
of 1921 by Jeremiah Snowberger. He was superintendent, Mrs.
Elmer Snyder secretary and Jennie Brumbaugh treasurer. The
average attendance was thirty.

The superintendents since the organization are: 1922, Jennie
Brumbaugh; 1923, Franklin Beech; 1924, Jennie Brumbaugh.

FIRST CHURCH, ALTOONA*

Present Membership, 698.

Some time in 1870 or 1871, Graybill Myers began his
work in behalf of the Church of the Brethren by preach-
ing- in the homes of the few members in Altoona. Among
these was the home of John Ressler,f who had moved in
from Duncansville and became the first deacon or church
official of what afterwards was the Altoona Church.
Soon a hall was rented on 6th Avenue near 20th Street
and services were continued for upwards of two years.
Not being able to continue in this hall and there being
more members in the eastern end of the city than in the
western, a Methodist chapel at the corner of 6th Avenue
and 5th Street wras rented.

Inasmuch as there never had been a boundary estab-
lished between Duncansville Church on the west and
Warriors Mark congregation on the east, ministers from
both congregations helped carry on the work in the city
and preaching services were held every two weeks.

* To James A. Sell, Walter S. Long and Joseph W. Wilt the reader is indebted
for much of the information in this sketch.

t The father-in-law of Ardie E. Wilt, well known throughout the district.

224

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

But the owner put the chapel up for sale,— price,
$1,500.00. The members were all day-laborers and could
not think of raising the money and yet the spot had
grown dear to them and they wanted it for a place of
worship. Graybill Myers, bearing the burden of the
situation on his own heart, carried an appeal for assist-
ance to build a house to the District Meeting of 1873
when it convened at Clover Creek. The meeting in-
structed the delegates to present the need to their re-
spective congregations and each one was to report the
amount it would give to help build the needed house, to
the clerk, George Brumbaugh, Grafton, before July 1;
and " John Spanogle, John W. Brumbaugh and Peter S.
Myers were appointed as an investigating committee,
whose duty it shall be, if sufficient encouragement is
given to build, to determine on the location, site and cost
of the house, building material, and appoint a building
committee. " *

Evidently " encouragement " was received, but how
much is not known. Not being familiar with city condi-
tions the committee appointed a sub-committee consist-
ing of Robert McFarlin and two others (now unknown),
all residents of Altoona, and this sub-committee made a
contract to pay $1,500.00 for the chapel.

On June 21, 1874, the newly purchased house of wor-
ship was dedicated in behalf of the Church of the Breth-
ren. Peter S. Myers delivered the dedicatory sermon,
using for his text Mark 11 : 18. He was followed by
Daniel M. Holsinger. The people met for worship at
three and at eight the same day. Besides the two men-
tioned above, visitings ministers present were John W.
and George VV. Brumbaugh of Clover Creek, and Henry
B. Brumbaugh of Huntingdon.f

While perhaps a few congregations sought to disre-
gard the obligation made by the sub-committee, the offi-
cers of the District Meeting and a number of congrega-
tions recognized the debt and set about paying it, be-
cause at the District Meeting five years later in Hill
Valley the churches which had not paid their promises

* Minutes of the District Meeting of 1873.

t The Weekly Pilgrim, June 23, 1874, p. 204, gives the sermon preached bv
Brother Myers.

225

The Upper Building was the first house of First Church of Altoona, used from 1871
to June 21, 1874 ; the other house, from 1874 to November 18, 1917 ; and some
members closely associated with the second house.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

to Altoona were urged to do so and at the same time the
meeting recommended that $17.50, "surplus money due
them (Antietam) for the expenses of the last Annual
Meeting (at New Enterprise) now in the hands of Daniel
Snowberger " shall go towards cancelling the debt.*

Interior Decorations of a Children's Meeting, held in 1877 or '78, in

the First Church, Altoona, — probably the first Children's

Meeting held in the Brotherhood.

Thus through help from outside and cheerful though
severe sacrifices of the members of the congregation the
debt was finally liquidated somewhere near 1879.

By common consent the oversight of the work fell to
the Duncansville church. It assumed a very liberal
policy of management. James A. Sell, the bishop of
Duncansville congregation of course had oversight of
Altoona also. He was ably assisted by Graybill Myers,
Brice and David Sell. On Saturday evening, September
29, 1877 the first lovefeast was held. The church failed
to get a " strange preacher ... so the labor fell upon "
Graybill Myers, David D. Sell and James A. Sell.

* District Meeting Minutes of 1878.

227

A History of the Church of the Brethren

" The house was crowded to overflowing by attentive
listeners." *

Although not an independent congregation till in 1882,
because of the freedom granted by the Duncansville con-
gregation this arm of the church without formal organi-
zation began to hold members meetings and keep record,
September 6, 1879. George W. Kephart was made clerk.
At the same meeting the congregation decided to elect
the officers of the Sunday-school thus bringing it under
more direct control of the church.

The next meeting (March 6, 1880) a subscription plan
was provided " for the purpose of paying the rent for
Brother J. W. Smouse if he continues with us and
preaches for us every Sabbath unless unavoidably pre-
vented." Also decided that the deacons visit " some
members who seldom get to church except on communion

occasions."

In 1881 (June 1) quarterly councils were established.
Going to shows and places of amusement gave the
church considerable concern. It was decided (June 18)
" to allow members to go to one animal show, but not
oftener." And " members shall not be permitted to go
to picnics, circus shows, play parties, theaters and
dances." At the next council (December 30) members
who failed to pay their monthly dues for six months were
to be reported to the church."

Some, however, were not satisfied without independent
organization and finally being assured that Duncansville
would not neglect them in the ministry of the Word, on
July 4, 1882, by a vote 24 to 4 " those inside the city
limits " of Altoona became an individual congregation.
This was accomplished in the presence of Graybill
Myers, John W. Brumbaugh, Samuel Cox, Jacob Miller
and James A. Sell. There were thirty-six charter
members.

Organization : James A. Sell, bishop ; Samuel G.
Rupert, clerk (elected September 29, 1881), George W.
Kephart, treasurer (date of election not recorded), trus-
tees, Robert McFarlin, Joseph Kinsel and Samuel G.
Rupert (elected December 30, 1881).

Soon after the organization Daniel Brallier, a minister

* James A. Sell in Primitive Christian, 1877, p. 644.

228

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

from Indiana County, located in the city and gradually
the care of the church passed from James A. Sell to him
and his assistant, Samuel Rupert.

November 29, 1883, the church decided to ask the min-
ority to accept the single mode of feet washing.

The chapel paid for through such a great struggle, in
a few years proved far too small for the growing body
of believers. All felt the need of a larger house, but
many feared to go ahead because of past experience.
Finally a special meeting of the members (forty in all)
was called. Nine attended. The question of building a
new house was duly put to the assembly. Seven voted
for and two against building. The majority ruled and
the new church project went forward.

Building committee: Daniel S. Brallier, Robert Mc-
Pharlin and Samuel G. Rupert, appointed January 7,
1882, let the contract for a complete house for $3,300.00 *
and some time during 1883 began building; for at the
November 29 meeting it was decided " to occupy the new
unfinished Sunday-school room for holding lovefeast and
series of meetings provided we agree to continue the
meetings." On February 17, 1884, James Quinter led in
the dedication of the uncompleted house.f

In the midst of putting up a church home when many
perplexing problems confronted the members and they
were taxed to the limit for time, they decided (April 5,
1884) to begin a Wednesday evening prayer-meeting.

Lack of funds called forth the best in the supporters
of the new house. James A. Sell canvassed the district
and raised about $1,000.00. The house was far from
complete, when in the early part of May, 1884, Joseph
W. Wilt, a minister formerly from Armstrong County,
moved from Warrior's Mark and located within the
bounds of the congregation. He became active at once
in the affairs of the church, and worked incessantly to
help lift the church debt.

For some reason a new building committee, Joseph W.
Wilt, John H. Law and John H. Shiffler, was appointed
(May 27, 2884) to succeed the old one.

* See Minutes, January 12, 1884.

t Gospel Messenger, February 26, 1884, says Brethren Quinter, John W. Brum-
baugh, Sells and S. G. Rupert were present on the occasion. Although the day
was wet and unpleasant the attendance was encouraging. — Ed.

229

A History of the Church of the Brethren

On October 3, 1885, the members decided to give " the
church for the use of the Sisters Mission Society when-
ever they have occasion to use it." The next year
(November 25, 1886) incorporation papers were ordered
out and the trustee board increased to six. Additional
trustees : Martin S. Greenleaf, Daniel McFarlin, John
Kinsel.

Some time after the church house was completed the
District through an arrangement made by representa-
tive elders, agreed to pay a certain sum annually to help
meet the church's indebtedness. But the District appar-
ently failed to support the promise. Then " the Sisters
Sewing Society" (March 5, 1887) offered the following:
" In view of the fact that the District Meeting is failing
to meet its part of the payments on the church debt and
inasmuch as the sisters oppose selling the old house and
propose borrowing the money and paying the interest
until they are through with their share, and then pay off
the other half, we therefore decide to give it into their
hands until District Meeting and see what can be done
for them by District Meeting. We appoint Eliza Freet
and Martha Shellenberger and allow them to appoint a
third to attend to the matter."

By a vote 11 to 5 (August 6, 188?) the " lower room
of the church was rented to the Board of School Direc-
tors of Altoona to hold public school in." But for some
reason the " old house ' was refused the Salvation Army
at the same meeting. Later (April 7, 1888) it was rented
to the Presbyterians for Sunday-school purposes, reserv-
ing the " privilege to use the house for singing school,
prayer meeting and other purposes throughout the
week." At this last meeting the Gospel Messenger was
sent to the Y. M. C. A. reading rooms and a petition
went to General Conference asking that the Brotherhood
name be changed from " Fraternity of German Baptists '
to " Brethren Church."

By a vote, 16 to 2 (July 16, 1889) the congregation
" permits the building of a baptistry as soon as the neces-
sary funds can be raised," the same to be constructed in
the back yard of the church. Seven years later (January
3, 1896) by a vote of 12 to 1 because the frost injured the
outside pool, a baptistry was ordered to be built in the

230

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

house. This action was reconsidered the following
March 6, objectors pressed their views and again the
baptistry, by a vote of 21 to 10 was ordered to be placed
in the church. It then was built as decided.

The prayer meeting was changed (July 16, 1889) into
a Bible class for " the purpose of studying the Scrip-
tures, especially the Sunday-school lesson/' Children's
Day Exercises evidently had been observed for a little
time for (July 5, 1890) the " propriety or impropriety of
holding the present form " of such exercises was dis-
cussed but no conclusion reached.

" Because it is not customary ' it is decided (July 4,
1891) that delegate to Annual Meeting does not make a
report of the meeting.

The question of an organ in the Sunday-school room
was disposed of (January 2, 1892) by concluding that
had the Annual Meeting considered such a question the
answer would be much the same as relates to member's
homes, and the question was dropped. This did not
satisfy those feeling the need of the organ. At the spring
council (April 2) it developed that an organ had been
installed and was in use. The church established inno-
cence of the offense ; the Sunday-school officials carried
the responsibility and the advice was "that the object of
so much trouble be removed from the school." But at a
fall meeting in the same year there is no record of its
removal. Ushers for the church are elected for one year
at the same meeting.

In 1894 the congregation petitioned Annual Meeting
to provide a plan and funds that ministers may attend
Bible terms at our colleges, but at the same meeting
(April 4) refused to let other denominations use the
baptistry.

A committee of seven brethren were appointed (Jan-
uary 15, 1897) to devise a better plan for taking care of
the preaching in the congregation. At their next meet-
ing (April 2) this committee brought in a report favor-
ing a salaried ministry and it was accepted by the
church. But who should serve? The question dragged
along through the years till in 1902 a written vote was
taken from all the members revealing as reported (No-
vember 28, 1902) that an outside minister was desired,

231

A History of the Church of the Brethren

and that he should have the oversight of the congrega-
tion. This report was accepted.

Finally at a " special council held after the morning
services ' (July 3, 1904) the pastoral committee made a
report and it " was accepted and by a large vote it was
decided that Brother Long should be our pastor/'
November 1, following, Walter S. Long and his wife
from Philadelphia entered upon their work. They found
a few over two hundred members. One hundred and
twenty attended the first lovefeast just after they arrived.
Frank F. Holsopple of Juniata College who had preached
for the church for the previous few months was present
and officiated.

Through the years leading up to this transition to a
regular pastor Joseph W. Wilt, ably assisted by Daniel
S. Brallier, Benjamin F. Ranck and others, did a noble
work gratuitously. The membership grew from a hand-
ful to upwards of two hundred. Its very growth com-
mended the change for the welfare of the individual
believers.

The spiritual leadership of the new pastor widened the
influence of the congregation in the city. As the years
went by men and women flocked to this altar and with-
out respect of persons, all were received and blessed.

On June 28, 1914, the splendid brick church known as
28th Street house, costing $4,100.00 was dedicated. This
was but a forecast of the energy lying dormant in the
congregation.

" The light that shines farthest, shines brightest at
home ' was now to be realized at First Church. The
missionary spirit that erected the 28th Street house had
awakened enthusiasm for better facilities at First Church.
Already funds for this purpose had been coming in with-
out solicitation and were being cared for by a committee
— Ardie E. Wilt, Mrs. Harriet Kipple and Walter S.
Long. October 1, 1915, a committee was appointed to
secure suggestive plans and possible cost and report to
the next meeting. January 7, 1916, upon motion offered
by Ardie E. Wilt it was decided by an almost unanimous
vote to build a new church. Building committee ap-
pointed by the* pastor, — Ardie E. Wilt, Daniel B. Mad-
docks, Rhinehart B. Replogle, Ellis G. Eyer, Robert P.

232

The present house of the First Church of Altoona, dedicated November 18, 1917.
Building Committee, from left to right : Standing, Ellis G. Eyer, Secretary ;
Robert P. Good, Rinehard B. Replogle. Sitting, Daniel B. Maddocks, Ardie
E. Wilt, Chairman.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Good, had their first meeting February 29, 1916. Ad-
ditional twenty-five feet on Sixth Avenue were purchased
for $4,000.00, making the entire building lot 72x120
feet. The old house went for $1,000.00 but not before
another lovefeast was held May 14, at which James A.
Sell, Brice Sell, Josiah B. Brumbaugh, Joseph W. Wilt,
Seth F. Myers, Daniel M. Kreider, Benjamin F. Ranck,
and the pastor were present. James A. Sell officiated.
Five members, James A. Sell, Lizzie McFarlin, Susannah
Rath, Sophiah Fisher and one other were at the table
who were present when the first Sunday-school was
organized.

During the erection of the new church the congrega-
tion had the use of the German Evangelical house. The
corner stone of the new church was laid December 17,
1916, William J. Swigart, I. Harvey Brumbaugh and
ministers from other denominations in the city speaking
fittingly on the occasion.

The world war delayed progress on the construction
somewhat, but on October 7, 1917, preaching and Sunday-
school began in the Sunday-school section. Then on
November 18, 1917 this splendid brick and stone struc-
ture, with a main auditorium seating 500, with a Sunday-
school assembly room, seating 650, with seventeen indi-
vidual class rooms, with every convenience and facility,
yet plain and becoming the people of God, — costing, in-
cluding the $4,000.00 for the added lot and the splendid
parsonage built at the same time, $56,309.65, was dedi-
cated. Henry C. Early of Virginia delivered the dedi-
catory address, text, Mark 11:17. Charles C. Ellis had
charge of the financial part of the program. The new
house has proved a great help to a great work in a great
city.

On July 6, 1924, the congregation held Jubilee exercises
as follows : " Organization in 1874," by Ardie E. Wilt ;
" Incidents in the History of the School,'1 by Joseph W.
Wilt, Jacob C. Kinsel, David S. Miller and Harvey A.
Hess ; address by Charles C. Ellis. Perhaps the most
touching part of this program was the call for all to stand
who attended the school a half century ago. Susah Rath,
Mrs. Mary Patton, Mrs. Maggie Ross Histler, Mrs. Kate
Pherson and James A. Sell stood.

234

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Then in the evening the building committee came for-
ward and in the presence of a full house burned the
mortgage, after which Charles C. Ellis spoke, using for
his text Psalms 73 : 17. '

The year 1917 is marked in this church also by intro-
ducing the individual communion cups.

During Walter S. Long's pastorate which continues at
the present time, 732 have been received into church fel-
lowship by baptism.

Bishops presiding:

James A. Sell 1882-'87 No one in charge 1903-'04

George W. Brumbaugh. 1887-'93 Walter S. Long 1904-'24

Joseph W. Wilt 1893-'03

Ministers elected :

Seth F. Myers moved in Abram Hollinger.. April 21, 1883

John Garver moved in Homer Feathers. . . Sept. 7, 1921

Samuel G. Rupert. .Dec. 17, 1881 Byron Sell Sept. 7, 1921

Deacons: Located before work began, John Ressler ; moved in,
George W. Kephart ; December 17, 1881, John H. Law, Joseph
Kinsel; March 12, 1883, Alexander Rath, Abram Hollinger; April
18, 1885, Martin S. Greenleaf, Oliver P. Pherson; March 7, 1890,
Daniel M. McFarlin, Allen C. McCartney; February 22, 1897, David
S. Miller, Ardie E. Wilt, Harvey A. Hess; January 17, 1905,
Samuel H. Brumbaugh, Daniel M. Sell, Harvey E. Ressler; Sep-
tember 2, 1906, George H. Hepner, Cyrus B. Replogle, Harry A.
Claybaugh; Julv, 1908, J. Gilbert Shaw; September 19, 1911, C.
Edward Miller, Herman V. Morse, Edgar O. Shaw, Reinard B.
Replogle, David H. Glass, Edward L. Barr.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL .

" By letter " the Altoona Sunday-school reported to the Conven-
tion held at James Creek on October 21, 1876 as follows: " The
first Sabbath school was organized by the Brethren July 5, 1874, by
choosing the following officers : Superintendent, Alexander Rath ;
secretary, Andrew J. Murray; treasurer, Robert McFarlin. The
school is opened by singing and prayer: classes are then arranged,
using the Bible, Testament and Spellers. A chapter is also selected
and read in the hearing of the school ; and also encourage the com-
mitting of scriptures to memory. Average number of attendance in
1874, 62; in 1875, 50; in 1876, 86. We have now adopted the Gospel
Hymns : first, because they are very cheap ; second, because the
children from other schools are familiar with them and join us
heartily in singing. At present we have no library for distribution.
We use tickets, cards, etc., for attendance, good lessons, memorizing,
etc." Thus was the record fifty years ago.

At the convention of 1898, when the present pastor was field secre-

235

Some members of the Sisters' Aid Society of the First Church of Altoona, the
First Organized Aid Society of the Brotherhood.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

tary and the present superintendent had served four years, this
school reported "enrollment, 259; average attendance, 162; raised
$147.68 for home supplies, and 17 were received into the church/'
In 1904 the average dropped back to " 123, raised $331.43, of which
$90.20 was given to missions or charitable work." The school has
been " evergreen" from the beginning. 1911-24 inclusive the school
has maintained a front line standard; during 1908-23 teacher train-
ing classes were conducted in which 197 enrolled and 40 received
first year certificates. Present enrollment, 499; average for 1924, 321.
Superintendents: July 5, 1874, Alexander Rath; January 3, 1875,

Andrew J. Murray; January 6, 1877, Joseph F. Emmert; ,

Alexander Ambrose; , George Kephart; , John H. Law;

, Daniel M. McFarlin ; , Joseph W. Wilt; , Daniel S.

Brallier; , Samuel G. Rupert; , Jacob Kinsel; January 1,

1891, Ardie E. Wilt; July 1, 1891, David Miller; January 1, 1892,
Seth F. Myers; July 1, 1892, Harvey A. Hess; January 1, 1893,
Jacob Kinsel; July 1, 1893, David Miller; January 1, 1894, William
F. Spidle; July 1, 1894-1925, Ardie E. Wilt.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

As early as July 21, 1885, the sisters of the church met in the home
of Eliza Freet and organized an aid society by electing Laura
Brown, president; Amanda Wilt, vice-president; Minnie Miller,
secretary; Susan Rath, assistant secretary; and Eliza Freet, treas-
urer. This probably is the first society organized in the brother-
hood. They took Galatians 6:9, 10 for their motto. The charter
members were :

Laura Brown ' Susan Rath

Sophiah Fisher Pearl Brallier

Hannah Brallier Eliza Parkhurst

Mary Gearhart Laura Hummelstine

Katie Hollinger Katie Pherson

Amanda Wilt Minnie Miller

Sarah Kinsel Susan Brallier

Martha Shellenberger Aggie Claybaugh

Eliza Freet Hannah Graybill
Anna Kinsel

The first sale for the society was on July 30, 1885, a white apron
bought by Lydia Greenleaf for 28 cents. A general summary of
the efforts of the society since 1905 is as follows:

Towards home church building $750.00

Home Work in congregation 450.00

Mission work 300.00

Orphan in India 320.00

Other places helped 294.00

$2,114.00

237

A History of the Church of the Brethren

28th STREET, ALTOONA*

Present Membership, 202.

In the first decade of the present century Joseph W.
Wilt, Daniel S. Brallier, Seth Myers and others of what
is now known as the First Church in Altoona quickened
sentiment for city missions to the point where the dona-
tions of one S'unday of each month was set apart for this
purpose and on April 2, 1909, appointed Ardie E. Wilt,
Benjamin F. Ranck and Samuel N. Brumbaugh a com-
mittee to report on a suitable location for opening a Sun-
day-school. Difficulty in finding* a proper place at reas-
onable rent was met and not until April 1, 1910, did they
recommend the renting of a hall at 8th Avenue and 23rd
Street. The following July a Sunday-school was organ-
ized and the new project which in a short time devel-
oped into 28th Street congregation, was fostered most
vigorously.

July 7, 1911, the church council instructed the trustees
to purchase a lot 50 x 120 feet, corner of 6th Avenue and
28th Street. This awakened intense interest in some
hearts. George W. Kephart, under August 20, 1913,
wrote the trustees thus : " I believe it the right move '
and then obligated himself to bear all the cost of excava-
tion and construction of the cellar walls.

Ellis G. Eyer, Samuel N. Brumbaugh, Daniel B. Mad-
docks, Daniel M. Sell and Harvey A. Hess were appointed
a committee on plans and estimates and on September
26, 1913, made report which was accepted. The same
Brethren were continued as building committee and in-
structed to erect the proposed house at once. On the
afternoon of June 28, 1914, a well-planned brick building
50 x 33 feet, annex 14 x 12 feet, including $790.00, the
price of the lot, costing $4,488.41 was dedicated. Walter
S. Long, the pastor of the church, delivered the dedi-
catory sermon. In the evening William J. Swigart spoke
to a well filled house.

From the dedication until May 14, 1916, preaching
services were held only on Sunday evening, and forty-

* To Benjamin F. Waltz the reader is indebted for much of the information
contained in this sketch.

238

Upper: The Parsonage. Middle: The deacons and their wives.

Lower : The Church.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

eight different ministers occupied the pulpit. Since that
date services have been held twice each day.

With much activities centering around this new place
of worship it was only a matter of time until all saw the
wisdom of a separate organization. With the assistance
of James A. Sell, Levi Benner and Walter S. Long, com-
mittee from the elders meeting " 28th Street Church of
the Brethren " was organized on June 26, 1919. Charter
members : Ministers, none ; Deacons, Samuel N. Brum-
baugh, Harvey A. Hess, Rinehart B. Replogle, Cyrus B.
Replogle, Daniel M Sell, Henry E. Snyder; laymem-
bers, 79.

Organization: Daniel B. Maddocks, bishop; Cyrus B.
Replogle, secretary; Samuel N. Brumbaugh, treasurer;
Harry C. Kinsel, Samuel N. Brumbaugh and Wilson
Mentzer, trustees.

The parent congregation which built the church house
gave the new body full right and title without any con-
ditions whatsoever.

Benjamin F. Waltz was called as first pastor on May 3,
1920, and continues. A parsonage was purchased on
January 27, 1920 for $6,500.00 and was fully paid Jan-
uary 1, 1924.

The educational policies of the church are shaped by a
board of Christian Education, consisting of Benjamin F.
Waltz, the pastor, Samuel N. Brumbaugh, the Sunday-
school superintendent, H. Atlee Brumbaugh, Cyrus B.
Replogle and Edgar C. Long. Among the activities for
the young people worthy of mention are sermonettes to
the Juniors every Sunday morning, two Christian Work-
ers meetings, — senior and junior. A Young People's
Council to include all between the ages of twelve and
twenty-four was organized September 21, 1923. A mid-
week service, average attendance 35, is regularly held.

But the growing activities of the congregation have
been such that more room must be provided. July 9,
1924, the members expressed themselves unitedly in favor
of additional building. Daniel M. Sell, H. Atlee Brum-
baugh, Rhinehart B. Replogle, Wilson Mentzer and
Henry E. Snyder were made building committee " with
authority to formulate plans and bring estimates for an
addition to the rear of the church and that they report

240

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

within three months." On October 1, following, this
committee reported that it " contemplated building a
two story building, 30x49 feet, for Sunday-school pur-
poses at a cost of $1,800.00.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

This was first organized in the hall at 8th Avenue and 23rd Street.
Officers : Edward O. Shaw, superintendent ; J. Quinter Replogle,
secretary; Rhinehart B. Replogle, treasurer. The first session was
held July 10', 1913. The school was "evergreen" from the start.
During 1913 the average attendance was forty-nine; offering, $97.59 ;
during 1922, 158; offering, $1,037.55. In addition to the officers
elected at the beginning there have been two more added, — Adult
superintendent, H. Atlee Brumbaugh ; Junior Superintendent, Martha
Mentzer. During the years 1917, 1922 and 1923 the school has
maintained a frontline standard, had teacher training and eighteen
have received teacher training certificates. Four Vacation Bible
Schools have been conducted, the one in 1923 having an average at-
tendance of 106 pupils. The school ministered to sixteen congrega-
tions of eleven denominations.

Superintendents: 1910, Edward C. Shaw; 1911-'12, George H.
Hepner; 1913-'24, Samuel N. Brumbaugh

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Willing Workers organized August 14, 1917 as a Sunday-
school class and included in their purposes the usual activities of
an Aid Society. Officers : Samuel N. Brumbaugh, president and
teacher; Mrs. Gertrude Graybill, secretary; Mrs. Eliza Replogle,
treasurer. Each member was expected to pay five cents per month
membership fee and in that way $114.75 has been raised. Total
offerings for all purposes amounts to $2,603.00. Public programs
are rendered every April and October.

Some items of helpfulness :

Parsonage Fund $1,623.34

Frescoing the church 235.00

First Church Building 70.00

Ida Himmelsbaugh 9.15

Forward Movement 30.00

Quinter Memorial Hospital, India 20.00

Piano Fund 25.00

One share Quinter Memorial Fund at Juniata 10.00

John B. Brumbaugh Bible Fund 10.00

Bethany Bible School 12.50

Mercy Hospital 10.00

American Fund 10.00

China Mission 5.00

Old Folks Home 5.00

Clothing, flowers, etc 25.00

241

A History of the Church of the Brethren

On March 22, 1922 the sisters thinking that an Aid Society con-
forming fully to the District Organization might prove beneficial,
met in the church and organized a regular society. Officers ; presi-
dent, Mrs. Martha A. Brumbaugh ; vice-president, Mrs. Nettie Glass ;
secretary, Mrs. Minnie Replogle; treasurer, Mrs. Nannie Hite. In
addition to gathering clothing and food and distributing to the poor
of the city, making quilts and hats for the needy, the society has
been able to raise $267.00, part of which is distributed as follows :

Virginia Home $15.00

Old Folks Home 5.00

Parsonage Fund 1 25.00

242

CHAPTER VI

Warriors Mark Congregation and
Growth in Huntingdon and
Blair Counties

Its

17B0 1800 1820 1840 I860 1880 1900 1920

1800

1897
1894
1883

1907

Warriors Mark

Juniata Park

Bellwood

Tyrone

_ Glenhope Mis s

WARRIORS MARK*

Present Membership, 40.

" This is a congregation of members northeast from
Tyrone in the northwestern part of Huntingdon County,
so isolated from the other congregations of the District
that boundary lines seemed unnecessary. It originally
had members in Warriors Mark, Tuckaho, Bald Eagle
and Sinking Valleys. Our people owned quite a number
of the most fertile farms, especially in Warriors Mark.
How early the first members located here cannot be as-
certained for records have not been kept. But among
others the names Beck, Nearhoof, Autelberger, Grazier,
Spanogle, Buck and Grain may be mentioned. The fact
that movable partitions are found in some of the older
houses where brethren lived, points to the conclusion
that services were held in different homes in earlier days.

" Tradition insists that John Spanogle and Henry
Nearhoof were their first ministers. It is probable that
one of these brethren was still living when Jacob Beck

* Aside from quotations, the reader is indebted to Walter E. Cox for infor/ ation
in this sketch.

243

A History of the Church of the Brethren

was called to the ministry in 1833 because shortly after
his election the care of the church fell upon his shoulders
and remained until Graybill Myers moved into Tuckaho
Valley in 1851. But both brethren Myers and Samuel
Cox, the latter called to the ministry October 15, 1856,
lived so far from the main body of members that the care
of the church was to a great extent neglected.

" From all accounts there never was a formal organiza-
tion. The oldest minister was elder and that was all that
was needed to direct the flock.

" The members, however, had strong faith in their
cause, for Jacob Beck in 1856 deeded to the congregation
a plot of ground on the corner of his farm next to the
cross roads and the members put up a good house 40x40
feet, well preserved and in use to-day.

" There was included in the membership some of the
best and most thrifty citizens of the valleys, but they
were scattered and the minister was growing old and
church matters were not receiving much attention.
While the young people were indoctrinated in a general
way they were not gathered in.

" In 1865 Henry R. Holsinger began the publication of
the * Christian Family Companion ' in Tyrone, a city
within the bounds of this congregation. The year fol-
lowing the church called him to the ministry. James A.
Sell worked in this printing office and these two min-
isters gave a new lease to the life of the church. The
same year the Sunday-school was started. The attend-
ance at church service was increased and quite a number
of new members were added to the church. In 1868,
James A. Sell withdrew from the eitorial staff of the
paper and was succeeded by J. W. Beer, which left the
ministerial force the same.

" In 1871, Brother Holsinger moved his printing plant
to Myersdale, Pennsylvania. Brother Sell had left before
this, and their departure reduced the working force of
the congregation/' — James A. Sell.

Record in the form of minutes for this congregation
begins with October 23, 1869, but no name is signed to
them until ten years later (Sept. 27, 1897), when a reor-
ganization appointed Even Nearhoof treasurer and Solo-
mon S. Gray secretary.

244

The Warriors Mark Church.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Joseph W. Wilt held the first revival in June, 1877,
when thirty-six were added to the church. Two years
later he located as a self-supporting pastor and had the
joy of seeing the membership increase from about fifty
to one hundred and twenty-five in the five years he was
with them. During his administration the church was
completely remodeled.

" Complaint had been lodged against " a certain min-
ister because he " wTas delinquent in his ministerial
duties " and a committee was appointed (Oct. 2, 1880)
to visit him and ask him " to clear himself of the charge
before communion meeting.'1 At this same meeting
notices not to use tobacco in the house of God were
ordered put up. The congregation decided (Aug. 13,
1881) to have only two councils each year instead of
quarterly as before. This continued until 1896 when it
returned to quarterly councils again.

The " Record of the Faithful " * states that this con-
gregation was organized in 1800 with twelve members;
that in 1881-1882 it had one house, date of erection not
known then, and a membership of 126. Solomon M. Cox
was bishop ; he had as his co-laborers in the ministry
Conrad Imler, Samuel S. Gray and Joseph W. Wilt.

The congregation voted (April 26, 1881) to adopt the
single mode of feetwashing. What effect the Progressive
movement had on the congregation is not stated, but a
request to let them hold meetings in the Cross Roads
house was declined (Aug. 20, 1884) " almost unani-
mously.'5 Evidently there was a prayer meeting con-
ducted for some time, for at the meeting, May 1, 1886,
" there was considerable said about prayer meeting and
the coldness and delinquency of the Brethren in their
duties."

At the spring council (April 14, 1888) the congrega-
tion instructed its delegates to District Meeting to favor
the church name " Brethren " instead of " Tunker or
German Baptist ' and to vote in favor of the Old Folks
Home. Order at the lovefeasts was a problem with this
congregation and it appointed (Oct. 4, 1890) a brother
to keep order with instructions " in case of bad conduct

* Published by Howard Miller in 1882.

246

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

that the parties be dealt with according to the laws of
the commonwealth."

At a council meeting held April 29, 1893, rules govern-
ing the congregation were adopted. The duties of the
respective offices of secretary, treasurer, trustees and
missionary solicitors are quite complete and then some
regulations for members, two of which are unique but
very helpful. Fourth, " Members are not allowed to visit
on the Sabbath in preference to attending church. See
Exodus 16 : 23 ; Hebrews 10 : 25." Fifth, " Gossiping,
backbiting and revealing business that has been done at
council meeting, 1 Timothy 5 : 13, is forbidden."

" About this time a series of unfortunate events mili-
tated greatly against the influence of the church and it
began to decline. Deaths and removals added to the re-
verses to such an extent that the membership was re-
duced to a mere handful ' (James A. Sell). Under these
trying conditions, the problem of being supplied with
ministerial help the congregation tried to solve ; but after
trying out a plan or two, the congregation decided
(April 2, 1898) " to ask the District Mission Board to
take entire charge . . . agreeing at the same time that
the Board shall not be at any expense thereby."

" Repairing the church, purchasing matting and
blinds " was ordered (Feb. 23, 1901), and two years later
(Aug. 29, 1903) Young People's Meetings were approved
by the majority and the same were organized by electing
Walter E. Cox, president and Nancy Chronister, treas-
urer. As a last resort they placed themselves under the
care of the District Mission Board and preaching was
supplied from Tyrone City Church. In 1920, William N.
Hoover purchased a farm and began Christian work as
well. The outlook at present is very much more hopeful.

Ministers as far as known who labored in this congregation :

John Spanogle * Joseph W. Beer

Henry Nearhoof * William H. Quinn

Jacob Beck 1833 Jacob Musselman 1876

* Graybill Myers Samuel S. Gray 1877

Samuel Cox 1854 * Joseph W. Wilt

Conrad Imler John H. Law 1885

* James A. Sell * William N. Hoover

Henry Holsinger 1866

* Elected elsewhere.

247

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Deacons: date not known, Evan Nearhoof, John Buck; 1872,
James Cox; 1877, Jeremiah Nearhoof; 1878, John Eyer ; 1902, Ben-
jamin F. Nearhoof; 1903, Abraham C. Nearhoof; 1906, William
Hitchings, Walter C. Cox, Dorsey Chronister.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The first school was organized in 1865, Evan Nearhoof being
appointed superintendent. On October 15, 1878, Dr. Myers and
Samuel S. Gray represented the school at the Spring Run Conven-
tion and reported an average attendance of 60. In 1898 the school
reported: average, 34; raised $19.14, of which $1.00 went to mis-
sions; "evergreen." In 1904 it reported average, 33', hve teachers;
raised $32.45, of which $8.00 went to missions and charity; one
conversion. '

Superintendents: 1865-75, Evan Nearhoof; 1875-77, Jeremiah
Nearhoof; 1878-'84, Samuel S. Gray; 1885-'86, Benjamin F. Near-
hoof; 1887-'89, John Law; 1890-'91, Evan Nearhoof; 1892, William
Hitchings; 1893-'96, Abraham Nearhoof; 1897-'98, George Near-
hoof; 1899-'00, Abraham Nearhoof; 1901-'24, Walter E. Cox.

GLENHOPE*

About 1881 Joseph W. Wilt received a letter from
James Quinter stating that John B. Wampler of Blanco
(Pa.) had visited Glen Hope, a village about thirty miles
northwest from Warriors Mark, and baptized a father and
son. Perhaps at the time no members save brother Tick-
erhoof and wife lived in the territory. There was no
district mission board then, but Brother Quinter was
eager that the spiritual wants of these people be supplied
and Brother Wilt, living at the time in the Warriors
Mark Congregation, was always ready to do all he could
to answer such appeals even when he had an overload at
the time. For two years, every four weeks, usually by
horse and buggy the trip was made across the mountain
— from 60 to 70 miles each time and the Word was
preached faithfully and received most heartily. Revivals
were held and a number gathered into the fold. On Sep-
tember 2, 1883, James Quinter dedicated a good house of
worship that cost $1,500.00. There were about forty
members living in the territory. The outlook was prom-
ising to build up a strong congregation. At the district
meeting of 1885 the following petition was granted: " In

* To Joseph W. Wilt the reader is indebted for the information in this sketch.

248

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

consequence of the fact that Glenhope and surroundings
are worthy of the consideration of the Brotherhood, the
Altoona Church asks the District Meeting to recommend
it to the Mission Board."

Glenhope is on the dividing line between Middle and
Western Districts of Pennsylvania. Both districts con-
tributed to build the house, the former perhaps giving
the larger amount. The work apparently was kept up by
Middle District for no account is found to the contrary
until 1894 when the following was presented : " It was
decided by the District Meeting of May 19, 1886, that
John S. Holsinger, of the 'Western District of Pennsyl-
vania, should confer with said district as to where Glen-
hope belongs, and submit a report to the next District
Meeting of Middle Pennsylvania. But no report was
submitted. It is now reported that said mission is neg-
lected. " This petition from the Altoona church was re-
ferred to the District Mission Board.

Then, at the District Meeting of 1900, the following is
recorded : " The Mission Board reported that as letters
addressed to the District Meeting of last year from the
Glenhope Church had been referred to them, they report
as follows : The Middle District of Pennsylvania has re-
linquished their claim on the Glenhope Mission as long
as the Mission Board of Western District will care
for it."

Evidently it was the wish of the Glenhope members
to be attached to the Western District and this was
granted. About 1897, the Glenhope house was torn down
and rebuilt one-half mile from Five Points and all that
was left of the Glenhope Mission was included in what
is now called the Chess Creek congregation of Western
Pennsylvania.

TYRONE*

Present Membership, 114.

" The city of Tyrone is the birthplace of the brother-
hood's first weekly paper, the ' Christian Family Com-
panion.' The publication began on May 10, 1864, Henry

* To J. W. Fyock the reader is indebted for most of the information of this
sketch.

249

A History of the Church of the Brethren

R. Holsinger editor and proprietor. Later he fitted up a
hall for mission and Sunday-school purposes but the
project did not prove very successful and it was discon-
tinued when he moved his paper to Mversdale, (Pa.)
in 1871."

About fifteen years later, Samuel S. Gray held preach-
ing services in the home of Harvey N. Stewart, corner of
Hamilton Avenue and Thirteenth Street. Then in 1890
the little mission was moved to the second floor of a
building known as Goheen's Hall, corner of Columbia
Avenue and 21st Street. " Inasmuch as he could not
follow up the work as it should be done, he turned it over
to John B. Brumbaugh of Huntingdon, who, at his own
expense, ministered to the wants of the mission for over
two years. Finally at his suggestion the District Mis-
sion Board assumed the mission and on June 24, 1891, in
the presence of James A. Sell, William J. Swigart, John
B. Brumbaugh and Samuel S. Gray, the members were
regularly organized into a congregation." James A. Sell.

The District Mission Board assumed the charge in
February, 1891. " From the commencement of the work
there up to May 1, 1895, there were five received by bap-
tism and an organization formed of nineteen members." *
The following are charter members, as recorded on their
minutes : Albert Garland and wife Annie, Benjamin F.
Cox and wife Catherine, Mary Grazier, George B. Laird
and wife Elizabeth, Harvey N. Stewart and wife Maggie.

Because under the care of the District Mission Board,
no bishop was chosen. By ballot Harvey N. Stewart be-
came secretary and Albert B. Garland treasurer.

The Board continued supervision and for $300.00 pur-
chased a lot, corner of Adams Avenue and 18th Street,
on April 30, 1894. The deed is made to Samuel G.
Rupert, president, John B. Brumbaugh, secretary; Albert
O. Dilling, treasurer — Committee Home Missions Ger-
man Baptist Church Central Pennsylvania, and their
successors in office.f

A good brick church 32 x 47 feet, without basement,
was erected during the winter and spring of 1895. The

* Minutes of District Meeting, May 8, 1895 held at New Enterprise,
t Copied from deed in care of John C. Swig-art. Deed recorded in Vol. 103,
p. 102 of Blair County.

250

Above : Tyrone Parsonage. Below : The Tyrone Church.

A History of the Church of the Brethren

house, including furnishings and all, cost $1,632.89 and
was dedicated May 5, 1895, with a debt of $547.21.* " The
house was crowded with listeners ' at 3 p. m. when
" Samuel Cox announced the opening hymn." Joseph W.
Wilt led in the opening prayer. Martin G. Brumbaugh
preached the dedication sermon. Theme, " Joy in Wor-
shiping God." Text, Psalm 122. William J. Swigart
" made a brief, dignified appeal for funds to help
liquidate " the debt and $225.00 was subscribed. " John
B. Brumbaugh led in the closing prayer and made the
announcements. Levi Stoner assisted in the services."

Ministers from Huntingdon rilled the pulpit for the
congregation until April 1, 1897, when Walter S. Long
and wife, from the Aughwick congregation located and
took full pastoral charge.

" A Young People's Meeting to be held on Sunday
evening before preaching service ' was (Oct. 30, 1897)
decided upon.

During the pastorate of Charles O. Beery, 108 were re-
ceived into the church by baptism and though still under
the partial support of the District Mission Board, the
congregation purchased and paid for $3,000.00 parsonage.

Bishops who presided : John B. Brumbaugh, from organization ;
Harry A. Spanogle, Jan. 1, 1918; Charles O. Beery, April 2, 1922.

Pastors who served and date each began :

Walter S. Long April 1, 1897

Theodore R. Coffman Nov. 1, 1900

William Howe April 1, 1904

Charles O. Beery April 1, 1905

David P. Hoover July 1, 1913

William H. Ulrich Jan. 1, 1923

James W. Fyock since June 10, 1923

Ministers elected :

Sanford J. Weston June 20, 1913

Charles L. Cox June 20, 1913

Deacons: elected June 12, 1897, Benjamin F. Cox, James C. Mil-
ler, Harvey N. Stewart; 1898, L. E. Conway, Philip P. Ray,
Cimious A. Beckwith ; 1911, Joseph Swayne ; moved in, Henry L.
Hershberger, William W. Hitchings.

* Minutes of District Meeting-, May 8, 1895, held at New Enterprise.

252

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

Sunday-school was started in 1868 and conducted a few years and
discontinued. It was begun again in 1894 with the following or-
ganization : Harvey N. Stewart, superintendent ; Elizabeth Ginter,
secretary and Albert Garland, treasurer. At the 1898 convention the
school reported: enrollment, 150; average, 90; raised $46.50, of
which $3.31 went to missions; two conversions; " evergreen." In
1904: enrollment, 106; average, 57; seven teachers; raised $118.78,
of which $12.00 went to missions and charity ; ten conversions ;
teachers meetings and home department. April 13, 1904 the follow-
ing organization was made : the pastor, William M. Howe, superin-
tendent; James C. Miller, assistant; Mabel Miller, secretary; Edith
Howe, treasurer.

Superintendents: 19O4-'05, William M. Howe; 1906-'08, Charles
O. Beery; 1909, W. F. Bigler; 1910, Cimious A. Beckwith ; 1911-'12,
Mrs. John Stapleton; 1913-'16, Charles L. Cox; 1917, Park Ray;
1918-'21, George V. Fagley; 1922, Park Ray; 1923, David T. Solley;
1924, George V. Fagley.

SISTERS AID SOCIETY

While Walter S. Long was pastor his wife Alice organized an
Aid Society. She was made president and Jane McClain secretary
and treasurer. They quilted, made aprons and sunbonnets and with
the proceeds of their labors purchased matting for the isles of the
church and helped some poor families. The society was reorgan-
ized in 1922 by electing Mrs. Park P. Ray superintendent; Clara
Stapleton, president ; Mrs. William W. Hitchings, vice-president ;
Mrs. George V. Fagley, secretary-treasurer. They have been get-
ting results, for they have painted the church, papered the parsonage,
carpeted the church, helped pay for the new windows, contributed
to the Morrison Cove Home, to Missions, given $100 towards the
new furnace ; helped to support the pastor and buy the piano, pur-
chased a sewing machine for their own use and donated to the Vir-
ginia Industrial School. For the most of the time the pastor's wife
served as president of the organization, until 1922.

BELLWOOD*

Present Membership, 138.

The territory now included in the Bellwood congrega-
tion was originally a part of the Warrior's Mark Church.
At irregular intervals as early as the eighties, a few meet-
ings were held in the schoolhouse in the vicinity by Gray-
bill Myers, Samuel Cox, James A. Sell, Conrad Imler,
Samuel S. Gray and others, but no real effort was made

* To Daniel B. Maddocks the reader is indebted for much of the information
in this sketch.

253

A History of the Church of the Brethren

to establish the faith until 1894. At this time five mem-
bers lived in the vicinity and Joseph W. Wilt of Altoona,
whose ears were always open to the call of his brethren,

Upper: Where the congregation started. Below: The Bellwoort Church.

rented a first floor storeroom and began preaching on
March 25 and opened a Sunday-school April 22, 1894.
The school grew rapidly and more room was imperative.

254

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

The adjoining- wareroom was secured and the partition
removed. But this room became too small and the second
floor of the same building was added.

Joseph W. Wilt provided reg-ular preaching. On Jan-
uary 23, 1895, he began a revival, the results of which,
along with a few received during the year, increased the
membership twenty-two.

Both the Sunday-school and the church were greatly
in need of more room and this forced the issue of build-
ing their own house of worship. A called meeting of the
members was held on June 10, 1895, a committee consist-
ing of Joseph W. Wilt, Charles L. Douglas and Harry
Laird was appointed and told to get to work as building-
committee, solicitors and general managers of the entire
project. The brethren accepted their task in good faith.
Joseph W. Wilt gave what time he could spare to raising
money. In order to bring the whole project forcibly be-
fore the district and the General Mission Board he, being
bishop of the Altoona Church, had the following petition
endorsed in that congregation and passed on to District
Meeting of 1895 :

" The church at Altoona, in special council, considered
the necessity of building a church house in Bellwood.
We believe the location a suitable one and that success-
ful work can be accomplished in the future. This we
think is evident from the successful work of the past
year through the Mission Board. 'We therefore recom-
mend the consideration of building a house to the Dis-
trict Meeting of Middle Pennsylvania trusting that it
will be favorably considered, and that the General Mis-
sion Board be solicited to aid in the good work."

This request was granted. But the committee of the
church had not waited for a favorable reply. In faith
they began work on the house even before the petition
was sent, and had the building completed at a cost of a
little over $2,000.00 and ready for dedication on Decem-
ber 29, 1895. William J. Swigart preached the dedicatory
sermon, using for text, Revelations 22 : 9. The debt that
hung over the building on this occasion was removed
within a few years.

On April 11, 1897, in the presence of William J.
Swigart and Joseph W. Wilt the members organized and

255

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c
o

—

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bo
C

o
o

•i-H

c
a

T3
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O
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in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

took the name " Bellwood Church of the Brethren."
Officers: Joseph W. Wilt, bishop; William J. Carothers,
secretary; Charles L. Douglas, treasurer. The member-
ship of the new organization was as follows:

Ministers, — none ; Deacons, — none ; Lay-members, 63.

In 1899, Joseph W. Wilt, who had so faithfully labored
for the establishment of this church gratuitously, who
had the joy of seeing the church grow in five short years
from five to seventy-five members, tendered his resig-
nation and the District Board took charge. It secured
the services of Josiah B. Brumbaugh to oversee the
church and do the preaching for $200.00 per year, with
the understanding he was to provide a living for himself
in some kind of business. He entered upon his duties
April 1, 1899 and continued eleven years. No record
has been kept of his self-sacrificing efforts. He was fol-
lowed by John B. Miller who carried on the work till
the summer of 1912; then Charles O. Beery divided his
time between Tyrone where he lived and Bellwood until
May 1, 1913. At this date Daniel B. Maddocks, spend-
ing his week days as supervisor in the Altoona Car Shops,
gave his Sundays and some evenings to the care of the
flock. Two revivals held by David P. Hoover, the one
on October, 1914, and the other April, 1915, resulted in
eighteen gathered into the fold. This developed a need
for more Sunday-school room and the congregation de-
cided (Jan. 3, 1915) to remodel. Building committee:
Daniel B. Maddocks, Joseph F. Campbell and J. Lawrence
Cherry. When the congregation came together in the
remodeled house (Oct. 3, 1915), they found three added
Sunday-school rooms, baptistry, choir platform, floors
recarpeted, new heater, electric lights, redecorated walls,
new roof, — all done at a total cost of $1,600.00. Daniel
B. Maddocks, assisted by Josiah B. Brumbaugh, led in
the rededication a part of which was an offering of cash
and pledges covering the entire expenditure. Meetings
continued the next week by Josiah B. Brumbaugh and
eight were added to the fold. 1919-'20 marked a steady
yet rather unusual growth when twenty-one were added
to the church without special meetings.

The need of a parsonage loomed up and August 11,
1920, one was purchased for $2,500.00. The following

257

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Sunday at the close of a sermon preached by Daniel B.
Maddock— theme, " God's expectation from His people
and our Privilege and Duty to serve Him with all Tem-
poral Things," $1,725.00 was subscribed towards paying
for the parsonage. The congregation was strong enough
to support a resident pastor in part at least and on Sep-
tember 1, 1920, Virgil C. Holsinger and wife, whom they
congregation and the mission Board had called, arrived
to take up the work. They found a membership of 102,
were given $90.00 per month and parsonage free and
he had the privilege of teaching school. In 1922, John R.
Snyder of Huntingdon, (Pa.) held a revival when
twenty-eight united with the church ; in 1923 he was
called back and twelve were added. The double duty
proving too heavy for the pastor, Virgil C. Holsinger
resigned June 1, 1924. The pulpit was supplied till Oc-
tober 1, when Galen Blough, as pastor, located and is
carrying forward the work while continuing his college
course at Juniata.

Deacon elected: April 11, 1897, Harvey J. Campbell,
William J. Carothers, Oliver R. Rush; October, 1910,
William J. Miller, J. Lawrence Cherry; March 28, 1915,
William Ernest Campbell, Blaine D. Wolfe; February 9,
1923, William A. Davis, Frank S. Hetrick.

SUNDAY-SCHOOL

The Sunday-school was organized April 22, 1894, in the rented
storeroom where preaching began a few weeks before. Officers :
George Irvin, superintendent; Laura McCaulley, secretary; Mrs.
Mary Johnson, treasurer. From the beginning the sessions were
held in the afternoon and many from other schools attended. Be-
ginning 1913, the school has been meeting before church in the
morning. Average attendance, 1894, 81; for 1904, "average, 65;
six teachers; raised $69.32, of which $8.00 was given to missions;
two conversions." The school has been " evergreen ' from the be-
ginning; maintained frontline standard during 1915-'17, '22 and '23;
teacher training class during 1915-'17, '21, '23 and gave first year
certificates to seventeen.

Superintendents: 1894, George Irvin; 1895-,96, Joseph W. Wilt;
1897, Charles L. Douglas; 1898, Harvey J. Campbell and W. Harry
Laird; 1899, Charles L. Douglas; 1900, Harvey J. Campbell; 1901,
W. Harvey Laird; 1902-'03, Charles L. Douglas; 1904, Harvey J.
Campbell, Charles L. Douglas; 1905, Harvey J. Campbell; 1906,
Charles L. Douglas; 1907, Oliver R. Rush; 1908-'09, Harvey J.
Campbell; 1910, Charles S. Crawford; 1911-'14, Howard J. Camp-
bell; 1915-'16, Charles W. Williamson; 1917, Taylor W. McCauley;

258

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

1918, Blaine D. Wolfe, Taylor McCaulley; 1921-'22, Charles W.
Williamson; 1923-'24, Reuben H. Hostler.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The society met for the first time in the home of Mrs. J. Lawrence
Cherry on March 19, 1914. Record shows that Mrs. Grace Camp-

Bellwood Sisters-" Aid Society

Standing, from left: Gertrude Taylor, Pearl Campbelle, C-race Campbelle, Ollie
Glasgow, Minnie Davis, Bessie Holsinger, Lula McCaulley. Sitting, from
left: Mary McCaulley, Margaret Campbelle, Addie Cherry, Josephine Rush.

bell was elected secretary and it is possible, though not verified, that
Mary McCaulley was made president and Mrs. Goldie Campbell,
treasurer. While the society has been small as far as membership
is concerned, it has done some sewing and quilting and been able
besides to make the following donations :

Parsonage Fund $1 10.00

Repairs on the Church 50.00

Ping Ting, China Hospital 12.60

JUNIATA PARK*

Present Membership, 345.

When the Altoona Church decided to have a pastor
giving full time and being paid by the church, Joseph W.

* To Joseph W. Wilt the reader is indebted for the information in this sketch.

259

The Juniata Park Church.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Wilt who had labored gratuitously as their pastor turned
his attention to starting a mission in the nearby subur-
ban town of Juniata. He found fourteen members living
in the place and they heartily joined him in the project.
A lot, corner Ninth Avenue and Third Street, was pur-
chased. Zula and Pauline Brumbaugh contributed the
first money for the proposed new house. J. Ellis Wilt
broke the ground for the foundation. A building com-
mittee, Joseph W. Wilt, John F. Nelson and Martin P.
Brumbaugh, went to work and by 2.30 p. m. on March
26, 1905, a brick-veneered house, 48 x 49 feet, costing
$4,766.00, was dedicated. William J. Swigart preached
the dedicatory sermon, — text, Psalms 93 : 5.

The following Sunday the Sunday-school was organ-
ized and the little group started out with a will that
promised success. There were fifty-nine members who,
on April 26, 1907, by the assistance of James A. Sell and
Henry B. Brumbaugh, organized themselves into a new
congregation and adopted the name " Juniata Park."
Aside from Joseph W. Wilt, minister, there were no
officials in the membership.

Organization : Joseph W. Wilt, bishop and pastor ;
H. Atlee Brumbaugh, secretary ; John F. Nelson, treas-
urer. They held their first lovefeast June 30, 1907 and
were happy to be out of debt for their house, Decem-
ber 31, 1913.

In 1910, Josiah B. Brumbaugh located in the congrega-
tion and helped in the ministry. On July 1, 1919, Charles
O. Beery became the first supported pastor in which
position he continues while Joseph W. Wilt continues
as bishop.

While serving as pastor in the Claar congregation
Joseph W. Wilt, during the last half of December, 1877,
and the first half of January, held a four weeks revival
meeting in the Riggles Gap school house, about seven
miles northeast from Juniata, and some twenty united
with the church. This encouraging result was not fol-
lowed up as it should have been and the gains for the
kingdom were nearly all lost. In 1914, Brother Wilt be-
gan holding meetings every two or four weeks at the
same place and the results were so encouraging that
plans were laid to erect a suitable house of worship,

261

Some Members of the Riggles Gap Mission.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

about one-half mile south of Riggles Gap school house.
Frank Nail, not a member, donated an acre of ground
for the church and cemetery. Joseph W. Wilt and Mar-
tin S. Henry were building committee, the latter giving
more money and time to the erection of the church than
any other person. On April 15, 1917, a frame house
26 x 38 feet and, besides donated labor, costing $1,200.00
was dedicated. Walter S. Long conducted the dedicatory
services. At this time there were about twenty members
living in the vicinity. This group of members are a part
of the Juniata Park congregation.

Ministers elected :

Jacob Kinsel August 8, 1911

Martin S. Henry January 6, 1920

John D. Brumbaugh November 30, 1924

Leonard S. Mallery November 30, 1924

Deacons: November 15, 1907, H. Atlee Brumbaugh, Gilbert Shaw,
Martin P. Brumbaugh, John F. Nelson, Ulyssess G. Glass; April
14, 1910, John V. Carter, Frederic Oast, Marshall B. Wineland,
Alexander Rogerson ; September 3, 1912, William Brallier, Martin
S. Henry, David Burket, John D. McKnight ; April 10, 1921, John
D. Brumbaugh, James E. Nelson, J. Emery Miller; November 30,
1924, Roy E. Glass, John W. Crain.

SUNDAY-SCHOOLS

Juniata Park. On April 2, 1905, the Sunday-school was organized
by electing Ardie E. Wilt superintendent; Mary Nelson, secretary;
Ulysses G. Glass, treasurer; Martin P. Brumbaugh, chorister and
Sadie A. Brumbaugh, organist. The average attendance for the first
year was 90. The school from the beginning was "evergreen ;
maintained a front-line standard during 1912 to 1917 inclusive, had
teacher training class during 1908, '12, '14, '15, '17, and }23, and a
goodly number have completed the first year's work and received
their certificates.

Superintendents : (They were elected every six months which ex-
plains why two names appear in one year in some instances.)
April 2, 1905, Ardie E. Wilt; 1906, Edward O. Shaw, Alexander
Wilson; 1907, H. Atlee Brumbaugh, Edward O. Shaw; 1908, H.
Atlee Brumbaugh; 1909, Joseph W. Wilt, Martin P. Brumbaugh;
1910 Joseph W. Wilt; 1911, Jacob Kinsel, John D. Brumbaugh;
1912' Martin S. Henry and Ulyssess G. Glass; 1913, J. Emery
Walter; 1914, Martin S. Henry, J. Emery Walter; 1915, Merle
Brallier; 1916, David Burket, Martin S. Henry; 1917-'18, Joseph W.
Wilt; 1919, John F. Nelson; 1920-'24, John D. Brumbaugh.

263

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Riggles Gap.

George H. Ross,

Superintendent }

Riggles Gap

Sunday-school.

In the fall of 1916 a Sunday-school was organized
by electing Martin S. Henry, superintendent;
Pearl Yohn, secretary, and Harry Yohn,
treasurer. The average attendance the first
year was 29.

Superintendents: 1916, Martin S. Henry;
1917, John Holland; 1918-'19, Harry Yohn;
1920, Henrv Potsinger; 1921-'22, John Hol-
land; 1923-'24, George H. Ross.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETY

The Sisters' Aid Society at Juniata was or-
ganized in the church in February, 1908. Offi-
cers : Mrs. Joseph W. Wilt, president ; Mrs.
Sadie A. Wilt Brumbaugh, secretary-treasurer.

Presidents: 1908-'19, Mrs. Joseph W. Wilt;
1920-'24, Mrs. Lucinda Brumbaugh.

In general totals the results of their labors
are as follows :

Home Church $416.70

Parsonage 130.00

General Aid Society 7.35

District Work 5.00

China Relief 5.00

$564.05

264

CHAPTER VII

Beginnings That Have Ceased
WILL'S CREEK

By James A. Sell

In the southern part of Bedford County are a number
of narrow valleys running north from the Potomac River,
where our brethren preached in the very early years.

A few families by the name of Whipp came from West
Virginia to about the center of Cumberland Valley, fif-
teen miles north of Cumberland, Maryland. They were
members of the Church. The Livengoods from West
Virginia visited them and they had preaching in differ-
ent homes. The work was not continued long, but some
of the families never united with any other church.

This Cumberland Valley is often confused with the
larger Cumberland Valley farther east. It is a pretty
little valley, the second one east of the Alleghany Moun-
tain, part way the third, full of beautiful springs and
streams. It is thirty miles long, extending from Bedford
to Cumberland. The stage-coach route to and from these
towns passed through this valley. West of this is the
little narrow valley called Will's Creek. It is twenty-five
miles long. Will's Creek congregation included this little
valley to Cumberland, also the country north called
Buffalo Run and Milligan's Cove, a little valley only nine
miles long. This is the location of the Will's Creek con-
gregation. Like all the other older churches no records
are left to consult. Sister Emma Replogle (nee Miller,
daughter of Jacob Miller, the school man) is the only
surviving member. For seven generations on her
mother's side her people had gone in and out here. The
traditions that have come to her and have been pre-
served in her cultured mind, together with her own per-
sonal knowledge, now furnish the most reliable data that
we can get. It is supposed that as an organization Will's

265

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Creek antedates all others in Bedford County. It seems
as if George Adam Martin visited the members living
here when he lived at Stoney Creek, Somerset County,
about 1762 to 1770.

Immediately after the Revolutionary War, Catherine
Miller with her three sons, Elias, Peter and John, came
here from Maryland or Virginia. They took up land in
Milligan's Cove and became permanent settlers.

It is thought that Catherine Miller was the first mem-
ber of the church in the Cove. Her sons built good
houses and barns, planted large orchards and had large
well-kept farms. They all united with the Church.
Peter built a large house and had the upstairs arranged
for church and school purposes. Long before they had
school houses their private houses were utilized for that
purpose. Who did the preaching or taught their schools
is not known.

Jacob Studebaker was the first minister known to have
lived here. He bought a large farm in 1812, a mile south
of Sulphur Springs. He was a son of Jacob and Mary
Snider Studebaker who had settled in Snake Spring Val-
ley about 1780. Jacob took up land and bought other
tracts, owning in all about seven hundred acres. He was
a brother of the ancestors of the wagon manufacturers
of South Bend, Indiana.

Jacob Studebaker was a man of great influence and
did a great deal of preaching and served his day and
generation well. He reared a family of thirteen children.

Of the number of members composing this church
nothing is known. From the number of families and the
size of the families, the number must have been consid-
erably large. In fact there were no other church people
there till about 1820.

This congregation never had a church building, but
many of their dwellings were arranged for both church
and school purposes.

Jacob Studebaker, Senior, died 18-17. This left the
congregation with only one minister — Andrew Miller.
He was a good man, loved and respected by all who
knew him. His oldest son, Jacob, who frequently as-
sisted him in ministerial work, was in 1850 called to fill
that position. This is the Jacob Miller who started the

266

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

school at Buffalo Mills in 1852, which places him among
the pioneers of educational work in the Brotherhood.
His school house was also used for religious services.

Jacob Miller, the son, died May 11, 1853. This was a
hard stroke on the father and one from which he never
fully recovered. He died December 19, 1855. His
widow died in 1860.

This left the church without a minister. The preach-
ing services were supplied by the ministers from Clover
Creek, Snake Spring Valley, Elk Lick, Milford, Yellow
Creek, Berlin, Quemahoning and Shade. This arrange-
ment did not long continue and its interests were cared
for by ministers from New Enterprise. When the few
remaining members died or moved away all services
were discontinued. It will be seen that this congrega-
tion lived about 100 years and came to an end by death
and removal.

Sister Emma A. Replogle, to whom 1 am indebted for
the data of this sketch, is the only surviving member.
While visiting the scenes of her childhood and the many
places made sacred to thought and memory and seeing
havoc wrought by the ruthless hand of time, especially in
the church so dear to her heart, very feelingly she wrote :
" I looked all around. Looked up to the old house and
imagined how it looked as the friends gathered there at
the meetings. Then I thought: Does this end it all? It
does here, but there are workers over many of the west-
ern states, the fruit of the work here. I thought of the
work in northern Illinois, of Brother Ellis Studebaker of
Kansas, and Sister Hannah Studebaker Eby, of Wash-
ington State. But too many are far away from the par-
ents or any kind of faith/'

The Will's Creek Church was unique. From the first
its members were interested in the education of their
children and all through its history it was far in advance
of most of the congregations of its day. They went by
the name of Brethren Church, not Dunkard. To this
day people there use this term.

267

A History of the Church of the Brethren

BLOOMING GROVE

Seeking religious liberty and freedom from the mili-
tary system of Germany over a century before the World
War, a handful of members of the Church of the Breth-
ren left Wurtemburg, in 1804, on the good ship Margaret
and in the latter part of the same year landed in Phila-
delphia. They spent the winter in Germantown (Pa.),
during which time they did some prospecting for a settle-

The Blooming Grove Church, Built in About 1828.

ment. Through Wendle Harmon a tract of land, — 420
acres, between six and seven miles north of Williamsport
in Lycoming County, — was purchased from a Quaker
then living in Reading, (Pa.).

In the spring the little party took possession. They
arrived when the dog-wood was in bloom and so called
their new home community " Blooming Grove."

Among the names in this early group are Heim, Waltz,
Uhner (the great-grandfather of the one furnishing this

* To Levi J. Ulmer, professor in Science, Department of Central State Normal,
Lock Haven, (Pa.) the reader is indebted for the information given in this
sketch.

268

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

information) Wendle Harmon and Haller. Others came
later until the settlement assumed considerable strength.

" Soon after settling in Blooming Grove the colonists
built a log church, little better than a cabin, which served
as a place for worship and a schoolhouse." * Around the
wall of the room was a line of crude desks where the
big boys and girls sat, with their faces to the wall. The
smaller children gathered around a table in the centre
of the room. Text books, aside from the Bible and the
" abc book," were not. The school term consisted of the
winter months " after the fall work was done and till the
spring work began/' The teacher was paid from a com-
munity fund.

Naturally the instruction was of a very strong relig-
ious character. These early settlers believed in the Bible,
in the way they were reared in ' the old country/5 So
thoroughly were these things fixed in them that when, in
later years (about J865 to 1870) the State undertook to
enforce the public school system upon them, the com-
munity objected on the ground that it was of an inferior
grade of instruction. It so happened that one year the
school had a poor teacher. These people refused to send
their children to the public school, employed a teacher
and held school in a shop on a farm now owned by
I. Fernando Heim.

Dr. Conrad F. Haller, a graduate of a German Univer-
sity, who was educated in five different languages; a
civil engineer, a physician, a preacher, and a school-
teacher, was easily the leader of the group while he lived.
As a teacher he was of the old type. The subjects he
taught were the " three R's." His discipline measured
up to the standard quite common for that day, — to catch
a child playing meant to give it a flogging.

In 1828 Dr. Haller died, and was buried on a small
farm plot about two miles from the present church site.
About ten years ago one of his descendants had his grave
moved to the church cemetery.

" After Haller's death he was succeeded by Gottlieb
Heim, and others, who conducted religious services and
held the church together for a while. " f

* History of Lycoming County, McGinness, 1892.
t History of Lycoming County, McGiraiess, 1892.

269

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Because of needed room for both school and church,
the community in the same year that Dr. Haller died
built the Blooming Grove Church, a log structure 40 x 54
feet and still in a good state of preservation. At the
same time the school was moved to the cross roads
where now stands Klumpp's school house. Other teach-
ers came to the fore. Among them Joseph Gross and
Michael Buehl.

Dr. Haller was followed by a practicing physician, Dr.
Adams, who after moving into the communitv united
with this body of worshipers. His own reference to
these people in his autobiography is very illuminating
and through the kindness of Professor Ulmer is given
here in part : ' Among the many kinds of people who
came to me for medical treatment, my attention was soon
drawn to a special class of people who even in their out-
ward appearance were clothed much as was the fashion
of the Quakers. ... I inquired who, and what, these
people were. * They are members of a peculiar religious
denomination who are known by the name of Blooming-
Grovers or Ana-Baptists.'

"Soon I had the privilege of seeing these people on their
homesteads, about six miles north of Williamsport, situ-
ated in the hills. 1 was called to give medical attention
to a very sick old mother. . . . The woman had refused
medical attention and her wishes had been granted until
it was seen that it was absolutely necessary that the
doctor be called. ... I stood before the bed perplexed,
when suddenly the plaintive tones of a piano were heard
accompanied with the voice of song ... by the son of
the sick mother. ... I could hardly believe my ears.
Music in the immediate vicinity of the death bed of your
own mother was beyond my conception. I looked at the
face of the dying mother to see the effect the music
would produce. She folded her hands as in prayer and
the features of her face brightened strikingly, so that a
smile appeared on her face and seemed to wipe the tears
from her eyes.

" As I stepped into the living room I expressed to the
musician * my surprise at finding a piano in this out-of-

* This musician was none other than the beloved Christian Heim, leader,
preacher and teacher of later years.

270

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the-way place ; not only that but that he could play it so
well. He answered, ' Music and song are for me a source
of great comfort, and also for my sick mother. Yet it
cost me some labor and pains until I brought this instru-
ment to completion.' My astonishment reached its high-
est point ; that a farmer with his own hands could con-
struct a piano."

A spirit of helpfulness to other denominations is re-
vealed in this congregation in the following: " The
Dunkards of Blooming Grove gave him (Rev. Konrad
A. Flieshman, the first German Baptist Missionary
among his countrymen in America) the privilege of using
their own church for religious meetings and he labored
zealously among the people. His labors were crowned
with success and on February 7, 1841, he baptized twenty-
nine converts in Blooming Grove. . . . The German
Baptists now have a church of their own at Pleasant
Valley, situated about three miles from the Dunkard
church." *

Following Gottlieb Heim, was that pastor and teacher,
a real leader in many ways, — kind and humane in his
discipline, — Christian Heim. He served them between
1847-79. For his day he was a well-educated man inas-
much as he was versed in astronomy, algebra and sur-
veying. He was the author of a number of hymns and
a compiler of a hymnbook used in the church. Besides,
he was author of several other books.

The Blooming Grove congregation reached its zenith
of influence and strength during the middle of the nine-
teenth century. The settlement was distant from other
congregations of the Brotherhood, and therefore out of
touch with any progress the church might be making
elsewhere. The reader should remember church period-
icals date their beginnings in this period and these had
little general influence yet. This isolation evidently
greatly narrowed this dear people. True, they favored
education but they looked with disfavor on any method
that did not coincide with their past. Indeed they were
pious and firmly entrenched in God's Word, yet they re-
jected the Sunday-school, — it was an institution not to
have the least recognition.

~^ — — — —

* History of Lycoming County _, McGinness, 1892.

271

A History of the Church of the Brethren

The District Mission Board gave some help, for in
1892 is an item of expenditure, " Mission to Williams-
port, Bellefonte, etc., $40.00,' but the help came too late.
The young people of this community felt that the new
order of things was the hope of their future and, inas-
much as there was no prospect of rinding a recognition
of it in the church of their fathers, they went elsewhere.
Fine as these people were in purpose, in spirit and in de-
votion, the church lost out. To-day but two members,

The Interior of the Blooming Grove Church., Still Used in this

Manner for Funerals.

Mrs. Mary Heim and Christian D. Heim, both in their
eighties, remain to tell the story, while scattered all over
Lycoming and adjoining counties, even to Nebraska and
thereabouts in the Middle West, are some of the finest,
most progressive and sturdy men and women one may
find anywhere, descendants of these splendid settlers
but worshiping in other communions.

Could the church building, the interior of which is
seen above, tell its story of struggle and hope, of the
joys of conversion and the sorrows of death, it would be
but a verbal testimony of that faith for which it now is a

272

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

silent witness. The property belongs to the Blooming
Grove Cemetery Association, an interdenominational or-
ganization. Here the descendants of the Church of the
Brethren of whatever creed or fold, come and weep as
they lay away their loved ones, — for the house is used
only for funerals now.

273

PART TWO

District Endeavor

CHAPTER I

The District and Its Conferences
ORIGIN OF DISTRICT MEETINGS

The " Western Brethren " held a kind of district coun-
cil to consider differences between them and the Eastern
Brethren in Adams County, Illinois, on November 22,
1851.* While this did not establish District Meetings,
this shows the drift of sentiment in those days.

Evidently one who reads the Minutes of General Con-
ference in these earlier years, cannot help but see how
burdened that assembly was with details and individual
cases that should never occupy the time of such a repre-
sentative body. It is no surprise, then, to find the answer
to " a proposal for forming districts of five, six, or more
adjoining churches for the purpose of meeting jointly at
least once a year, settling difficulties, etc., and thus les-
sening the business of our Yearly Meetings " (Art. 23,
1856) to be the following, which is virtually a grant to
organize into suitable districts. "'We believe/' says the
General Conference of 1856, " this plan to be a good one,
if carried out in the fear of the Lord."

Such District Conferences were held in 1857 at Mil-
ford (presumably Indiana) and perhaps in Maryland. In
1859 the Brotherhood was divided into eleven districts
for a definite purpose.f Also, that same year, General
Conference gave distinct recognition to districts already
formed after some plan and for some purpose, in the fol-
lowing action: "This meeting recommend and give lib-
erty to any of the districts or states to make a move on
the subject of spreading and sustaining the gospel as
preached and understood by the brethren, so that the
same may be done in the order of the gospel. And we
recommend to those churches which may adopt this, to
make a report to the next Annual Meeting upon their
success." At this same meeting a committee was ap-

* History of the Church of the Brethren, in Eastern Pennsylvania.
t Ibid.

277

A History of the Church of the Brethren

pointed to frame something to carry out this missionary
program, and the following year it recommended : " That
the churches of the brotherhood form themselves into
districts, the brethren in those districts to meet as often
as they may judge it necessary to transact their business ;
that each of said districts has its treasury, etc." While
this report was not accepted that year, it was not because
the recommendation to form districts was made ; for this
evidently was becoming quite common by this time.

John Umstead called a district meeting in the Green
Tree Church, near Philadelphia, September 22, 1860, for
thus runs the report by the secretary in the Gospel
Visitor:* " Pursuant to the advice or suggestion of the
committee appointed by the Y. M. (Yearly Meeting) of
1859, who reported to the Y. M. of 1860, Brother J. M.
Umstead, of Green Tree Church, Montgomery County,
Pa., issued a call to the Brethren east of the Susquehanna
River, etc."

True, it is not until 1866 that General Conference, in
adopting an organization plan for the Brotherhood, took
formal action " recommending that each state form itself
into convenient District-Meetings."

It was during this formative period leading up to the
action of 1866 that

Thk First District Mkkting of Middle: Pennsylvania

was called in the Spring of 1861.

It is probable that Graybill Myers consulted some
brethren and then assumed the responsibility of ex-
pressing publicly, in the following manner, what was
generally felt as needed at that time. Thus runs the
announcement :

A GENERAL COUNCIL MEETING

Altoona, March 12, 1861.

Editors of the Gospel Visitor, Dear Brethren:

I hereby inform you that the Middle District of Pennsylvania has
appointed a council meeting for said district, at the Aughwick meet-
ing house, Huntingdon County. Mt. Union, on the Pennsylvania
R. R., is the nearest station. This district lies between the Susque-
hanna River on the east and the Alleghany mountains on the west.
The north and south boundaries are the boundaries of the state.
The meeting will convene on the 9th of May at 10 o'clock in the

* History of the Church of the Brethren in Eastern Pennsylvania.

278

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

morning. It is expected that each sub-district will hold a council
meeting above named. It is further expected that each sub-district
will take the Oregon and home missions into consideration, and
present their plans for operation. The proceedings of this council
meeting will then be presented to the Annual Meeting for confirma-
tion or amendment. A hearty invitation is given to all the churches
comprised in the district in which the council is to be held.

Graybiix Myers.

The next year district meeting was omitted because the
General Conference was held within the bounds of the
district. Thereafter a meeting was held each year, save
in 1867 and 1883.

THE DISTRICT DIVIDED

In the southern portion of the district, where the mem-
bers resided, the Cove and Tuscarora Mountains divided
the congregation almost equally. It is interesting to note
that at the District Meeting of 1862 there were present
five churches from the western and four from the eastern
half of the territory. The inconvenience of going around
the mountain for half the group to meet in district council
each year became burdensome, and in 1892 the territory
was divided as follows : The counties of Fulton, Franklin,
Adams, York, Cumberland, Perry, Juniata, Snyder and
Union were set apart and took the name Southern Dis-
trict of Pennsylvania, while Bedford, Blair, Huntingdon,
Mifflin, Centre, Clinton, Lycoming, northern part of
Northumberland, Montour, Columbia, Sullivan, Potter,
Tioga, and parts of Bradford, Wyoming and Luzerne,
lying west of the river, were included in Middle District.
Of these counties the Church of the Brethren had organ-
izations only in the first five.

If the original district had but nine congregations at its
second district meeting, thirty years later it had twenty-
nine. Of these Aughwick, Altoona, Claar, Clover Creek,
Duncansville (now Carson Valley), Fairview, Hopewell
(now Yellow Creek), Huntingdon, James Creek, Lewis-
town (or Dry Valley), Snake Spring, Spring Run, War-
riors Mark, Woodbury, and Yellow Creek (now New
Enterprise), fifteen in all, fell to Middle District, while
eleven went to Southern District. Buffalo, Lost Creek
and Perry congregations, at a later date, decided to cast

279

A History of the Church of the Brethren

their lot with the Southern District, making fourteen in
all for it.

Confining the observation to the congregations which
now compose the Middle District, the outstanding im-
pression is that this district has been in

THE FORERANK OF DEVELOPMENT

in the Brotherhood. Such facts as these point to it:

1864 — The first weekly church paper, the Christian
Fa mily Companion .

1875 — Petition for the privilege to publish the full re-
port of the General Conference in pamphlet form.

1876 — The first school established that became perma-
nent,— now Juniata College.

1877 — Urging that the Danish Mission be recom-
mended to the Brotherhood.

1880 — Petition to establish a Home somewhere in the
East for the benefit of the poor.

1884 — Asks that the Brotherhood be represented at the
National Peace Convention.

1884 — Stood against Grange and other picnics, but not
against attendance at Sunday-school conventions.

1885 — Because of great expense, asks for a triennial
General Conference instead of an annual one.

1886 — Evidently a District Mission Board was created,
for the next year Seth Myers reported not much prog-
ress, and John B. Brumbaugh, secretary, and Andrew
Bashore, treasurer, were elected for one year. Seth
Myers, chairman, was elected for two years, and James
A. Sell and Samuel G. Rupert for three years.

1888 — Petition to permit single mode of feet washing
where majority favor it.

1889 — Asking permission to vote on the Prohibition
amendment to the Constitution of Pennsylvania.

1891 — That no brother be connected with service on
Standing Committee more than two years out of four.

1893 — Decided to open a Home for the aged and poor.

1894 — A sermon to be preached the evening before the
convening of the District Meeting on some subject ger-
mane on the gathering.

280

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

1895— Asked to strike out " Dunkard " and " Dunker "
from our church name.

1896 — Petitioned to omit the salutation between the
supper and the communion and permit sisters to break
bread and pass the cup the same as brethren.

1897 — That the Lord's Day at General Conference be
kept more sacred and quiet and with less trafficking.

1898 — Commendation and sympathy to President Mc-
Kinley for his efforts to adjust foreign relations without
going to war. Also the district had Jesse B. Emmert,
Irvin C. VanDyke, Isaac Book and William T. Book
visit the district and establish reading circles in nearly
all the congregations.

1899 — Three years' course of reading and study for
ministers at home outlined and adopted.

1900 — Two supervising bishops over the several
churches of the district considered.

Though interesting and profitable to thus scan through
the Minutes of the District Meeting from year to year and
note the steps forward, it is needless to continue, because
at the District Meeting of 1901, when " information was
asked in regard to the minutes of the meetings of this
district/' it was decided " that the present secretary (Mil-
ton C. Swigart) of this meeting be empowered to secure
a file for the preservation of these minutes, and to secure
minutes of all passed meetings possible." It is to be re-
gretted, however, that the early records thus far are not
quite complete.

GENERAL CONFERENCES

The following General Conferences have been held in
the Middle District:

1823 Clover Creek, Blair Co. 1855 Aughwick, Huntingdon Co.

1825 *Yellow Creek, Bedford Co. 1863 Clover Creek, Blair Co.

1833 fLost Creek, Juniata Co. 1877 New Enterprise, Bedford

1839 Aughwick, Huntingdon Co. Co.

1840 *Yellow Creek, Bedford Co. 1885 t Mexico, Juniata Co.
1847 fFranklin Co.

* Name now New Enterprise.

t After the division of Middle District, May 11, 1892, these congregations became
part of Southern District.

281

A History of the Church of the Brethren

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283

A History of the Church of the Brethren

The " Minutes of the Annual Meeting," in book form,
gives no location for the General Conferences of 1823,
1824 and 1825. But James Quinter, in an editorial in the
Primitive Christian, October 25, 1881, makes this state-

Conference ground for Mexico meeting of 1885. Photo through kindness of

Henry R. Gibbel, of Lititz, Pa.

ment: "There was an Annual Meeting in the Yellow
Creek congregation in 1825 and 1840."

The Minutes of this first district meeting, and succeed-
ing ones until 1868, are recorded in a book, the title page
of which bears the following inscription :

" Church Record of Middle District of Pennsylvania,
bought for the use of the District in the City of Lan-
caster by Elder Graybill Myers and given into the hands
of the Secretary of the District, March the 28th,
A. D. 1864."

Daniel M. Holsinger was secretary those days, and the
handwriting would lead one to conclude that after re-
ceiving the book he transcribed the minutes of the earlier
years into the record.

The ink is fading. The editor, therefore, in order to
make a permanent record of these first District Meetings,
gives room for the Minutes preceding 1868. From this
date on, there is a complete file of printed minutes, kept

284

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

in the fireproof vault at Juniata College, save the year
1883. Should this come to the notice of any reader who
has a copy of the minutes for 1883, he will confer a great
favor on the District to place it with this file.

Inasmuch as the minutes of the first meeting do not
appear in the record, copy has been made from the Gospel
Visitor, Volume II, June, 1861. Thereafter follows exact
copy of the District Records.

MINUTES

COUNCIL MEETING OF DELEGATES

from the

Middle District of Pennsylvania, held in the Germany Val-
ley Meeting House, Aughwick Church, Huntingdon County,
Pa., May 9th and 10th, 1861.
Public meeting being held for worship in the evening of the 8th

and the morning of the 9th, the meeting was organized, the names

of delegates from the different churches given.
^ From Aughwick church present, And. Spanogle, J. G. Glock, A. L.

Funk and John Spanogle. From Perry Co. ch., Jacob Spanogle, W.

Panabaker & Ab. Roraer. Lost Creek ch., David Myers and B.

Waidman. Buffalo ch., Isaac Myers and Charles Royler (Royer).

Lewistown ch., Joseph Hanawalt and Reuben Myers. Warriors

Mark ch., Graybill Myers. Frankstown ch., John D. Veach. Clover

Creek ch., Dan. M. Holsinger, George W. Brumbaugh and George

Brumbaugh. Snakespring V. ch., Jacob Steel. L. Cumberland ch.

represented by letter.

Henry Kurtz, from Ohio, was present and requested to act as

Clerk.

1. About the Oregon Mission.

The question about the Oregon Mission having been presented to
the different churches, the views entertained on the subject and stated
by the delegates seemed somewhat indefinite and clashing, but the
brethren present came to the conclusion to recommend to our
churches the plan proposed by last yearly meeting (Art. 12) for
united and speedy action, and to propose br. John Kline, of Virginia,
and br. Grabill Myers, from Blair co., Pa., as proper candidates for
this mission.

2. Concerning the work of Evangelism or Home-Mission it was
concluded, that we should go on in this work, in the manner
hitherto pursued, and with increased energy and zeal, at the same
time waiting for further light and the final action of Yearly Meeting.

3. Concerning the Yearly Meeting. Inasmuch as it seems by the
present deplorable state of things in our hitherto happy and peaceful
country, civil war actually existing in the South, the attendance at
our yearly meeting appointed in Virginia for next Pentecost (ten
days hence) would not only prove a perilous undertaking, but also a
useless and impracticable effort, it was concluded to appoint no dele-

285

A History of the Church of the Brethren

gates at this time, but send only a letter to our dear brethren in
Virginia, and to postpone arrangements for a yearly meeting in the
fall or following spring until we may hear further from our breth-
ren throughout our country by letter or through the medium of the
Gospel Visitor. At the same time we should all guard against the
great temptations surrounding us.

4. Query concerning re-baptizing. " It sometimes happens that
individuals make application to become members of our church, who
formerly belonged to the River Brethren or Seventhday Baptists,
having received baptism in the same form and mode which we
practise. Must such indeed be re-baptized, or might they be re-
ceived without, as our brethren used to do, till of late years? —
After a free interchange of sentiments the question was referred to
next annual meeting for consideration. Reference had also been
made to the Gospel Visitor, vol. 6, page 196.

5. Query 2. Would it be contrary to the Gospel or the views of
this meeting for the brethren in such churches, where the crowds
are so immense at lovefeasts, to not have any preaching in daytimes
at all at the place where lovefeast is to be, but to come together in
the evening at the time when the exercises immediately connected
with the Lord's Supper should begin? — Answer. In our view it
would not be contrary to the Gospel.

Several other questions were discussed in a friendly manner, of
which no note was taken.

6. Concerning the continuing distress of famine in Kansas.
Henry Kurtz, from Ohio, presented this case, referring to the differ-
ent articles in last (May) No. of the Gospel Visitor, and stating that
he left his home under a strong impression of duty for the very
purpose to awaken a new interest in our brotherhood East and West
in behalf of our distressed brethren and fellow-mortals in Kansas,
who must be supported till harvest, or suffer starvation before that
time. — The delegates present agreed unanimously to use all diligence
as soon as they come home, in order to collect and send still further
relief, directing them to the Editors of the Gospel Visitor, Colum-
biana, Ohio, who will send on the same by express. Brother Kurtz
contemplating to go and visit Kansas himself as soon as possible,
asked the prayers of the brethren, and an immediate collection was
raised and handed to him to the amount of some thirty dollars.

7. Concerning next Council meeting of this District it was con-
cluded to have it in future on Easter Monday each year, the brethren
to meet on Saturday evening before, and spending the Lord's day in
public worship. A corresponding secretary was appointed to ascer-
tain the wishes of the churches comprising this district with regard
to the place of next meeting.

The meeting being closed by singing and prayer, the brethren bid
farewell to each other solemnly and affectionately, and departed in
the evening of May 10.

(Signed)

Henry Kurtz, Clk. pro tern.

The following is copied from the Written Records :

286

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

In obedience to the advice of the Old Brethren at several Annual
Meetings, the Churches of Penna. embraced in that part of the
State, lying between the Alleghany Mountain, and the Susquehanna
River; did agree, to form a district, to be known and denomi-
nated as :

"THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA."

Accordingly a meeting being called; and was held in the Augh-
wick congregation, Huntingdon County, on Ascension Day, 1861.
The proceedings of said meeting were published in the Gospel
Visitor, to which reference can be had. The Brethren attending said
meeting were all favorably inclined, to continue the " District Meet-
ings * annually. But as none of the elders had consulted their re-
spective churches, before leaving home, it could not be decided where
the next meeting should be. However, a corresponding secretary
was appointed, with authority to decide on the place of next meeting;
to whom application was to be made by those willing to take the
Meeting. And the time for holding said meetings, for the future,
was agreed, should be on " Easter."

By virtue of the authority vested into his hands, the secretary gave
due notice to the Churches embraced in the District; that the next
meeting (God willing) would be held in Clover Creek church, James
Creek Meeting House, Huntingdon County, (Since struck off as a
separate church). The proceedings of said meeting were likewise
inserted in the Gospel Visitor, but also considered necessary to be
put on the District Church Record.

Organization of District Meeting. April 21-22, A. D. 1862.
Daniel M. Holsinger, the former Secretary, retained in office.
Names of delegates from Aughwick Church, J. G. Glock, J. Span-
ogle ; Perry Church, Jacob Spanogle, John Eby ; Lost Creek, David
Myers, Michael Bashore; Buffaloe Valley, Isaac Myers, Charles
Royer; Lewistown, Joseph R. Hanawalt, William Howe; Warriors
Mark, Grabill Myers; Clover Creek, Isaac Brumbaugh, Daniel M.
Holsinger; Snakespring Valley, Henry Clapper; Upper Conawago,
Adam Brown.

Article 1. About the Pacific Mission. This meeting feels satisfied
with the nomination of last year, without change. The minutes of
last Annual Meeting having come too late for the different churches
to counsel at home prior to this meeting. The brethren nominated
were: John Kline, of Virginia, and Grabill Myers, of Pennsylvania.

Article 2. It sometimes happens that individuals make application
to become members of our church, who formerly belonged to the
River Brethren, or Seventh Day Baptists, having received baptism in
the same form and mode which we practise. Must such indeed be
re-baptized or might they be received without, as our brethren used
to do till of late years? Referred to next Annual Meeting.

Article 3. Have we a right to object to any person from being re-
ceived into the Church on account of former conduct? Considered
not; by giving evidence of their Repentance and Faith.

Article 4. Have poor ministering brethren, when called to preach
in other Churches, a right to take or receive voluntary contributions

287

A History of the Church of the Brethren

or donations from members or others, to bear their necessary ex-
penses? Considered: We see no wrong in it.

Article 5. Is it allowed for brethren to make public speeches at
Teachers' Institutes, or at the close of Public Schools, etc., on edu-
cational subjects? Considered: We see no wrong in it.

Article 6. Has a brother the privilege to report an incendiary to
the civil authorities ; who sets fire to buildings, or a wagon loaded
with a flitting? Referred back to the Church where the query came
from, with advice not to act on it till after next Annual Meeting.

Article 7. What are the views of this meeting in regard to the
many queries sent to the Editors of and answered in the Gospel
Visitor, particularly such as relate to Church difficulties, and had
been acted on by the Churches? Considered: We would advise
members not to place too much confidence in man; to read the
Scriptures more, and inform themselves out of the same, and not
send any queries concerning matters that had been acted on by the
church.

Article 8. Would it not be more consistent with the Saviour's
example of feetwashing, for the brother or sister that washes also
to wipe? Considered: The delegates present are unanimous for the
old practice.

Article 9. Is it inconsistent with the Gospel for the Bread and
Wine to be on the Table with the Supper, if a majority of any
branch sees good to have it so? Considered: Not inconsistent.

Article 10. Will we have a District Meeting next Spring, in A. D.
1863? Considered: As we expect the Annual Meeting within the
bounds of our district, we will omit the District Meeting for
one year.

Article 11. How are the delegates for this district to be selected,
who are to represent it, at Annual Meeting? Considered: By the
voices or votes of the delegates present.

Accordingly, Grabill Myers, of Warriors Mark Church, and Dan-
iel M. Holsinger, of Clover Creek Church, both in Blair County,
were chosen and sent as delegates, at the expense of the churches in
the District.

The Gospel Visitor report of this meeting is signed thus :

D. M. Holsinger,
Corresponding Secretary and Clerk.

Organization and proceedings of District Meeting held March
28-29, A. D. 1864, at Spring Run Meeting House, Lewistown Church,
Mifflin County, Brother Isaac Myers being appointed foreman and
the former secretary retained in office. The following are the names
of the delegates : Aughwick church, John G. Glock, John Spanogle ;
Perry church, Peter Long, William Panabaker; Ridge church.
Wendel Foglesonger, John Foglesonger; Upper Cumberland, Daniel
Keller; Lost Creek, David Myers, Solomon Seiber; Buffalo Valley,
Charles Royer, John L. Beaver ; Lewistown, Joseph R. Hanawalt,
William Howe; Warriors Mark, Grabill Myers; Duncansville, Wil-
liam B. Sell; Clover Creek, Daniel M. Holsinger, John W. Brum-
baugh; James Creek, George Brumbaugh, Henry Brumbaugh.

288

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Article 1. How does this council understand that portion of
Scripture which relates to the subject of avoidance as practiced by
some of our churches? See 1st Cor. 5 Chapt. 7-13. Considered:
To leave the query over till next District Meeting, and in the mean-
time the elders of the different churches should try to get the feelings
of the members in their respective districts on the subject.

Article 2. How is it considered for brethren to contribute money
to the local bounty fund, to procure volunteers and avoid the gov-
ernment draft? Considered: That under existing circumstances we
are willing to bear with one another, but that no brother shall take
an active part in raising such funds.

Article 3. Will this meeting approve of the proposition of Brother
Henry R. Holsinger to publish a religious Paper? Considered: That
he may go on at his own discretion.

Article 4. Would this meeting approve of a brother sitting in the
capacity of inspector, judge, or clerk at the worldly elections? Con-
sidered : It does not approve of it.

Article 5. Does this meeting approve of brethren taking any part
whatever in worldly elections ? Considered : Unanimously agreed we
do not approve of it.

Article 6. There is in some churches of our Brotherhood a custom
practiced of setting members back (as they term it), that is, they
exclude them from the communion table, and that for years. But
otherwise hold them as members. Can such a custom be sustained
by the Gospel ? Considered : It cannot be sustained thereby.

Article 7. Will we have the minutes of our district meeting pub-
lished in the Gospel Visitor ? Considered: We will, and also in the
paper by Brother H. R. Holsinger proposes to publish. ^

Article 8. Is it expedient to change the time of holding our Dis-
trict Meetings, inasmuch as the weather invariably is raw, unpleasant,
and frequently deep snows fall about Easter, and thereby many are
deprived from attending, as was the case this year, in consequence
of the snow that fell Friday? Considered: Unanimously agreed, it is
expedient.

Two propositions were then offered and their several advantages
or merits discussed. The first proposed three weeks before Whit-
suntide. The second proposed the third Sunday in October. A vote
being taken, the second proposition carried. Consequently the time
is fixed to meet hereafter the third Sunday in October.

Article 9. Lastly, a vote was taken for Delegates to represent the
District at next Annual Meeting, and Brethren Joseph R. Hanawalt,
of the Lewistown Church, and John Spanogle, of the Aughwick
Church, were duly chosen.

Organization and proceedings of District Meeting held October the
17th, A. D. 1864, at the Dry Valley Meeting House, Lewistown
Church, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania.

The meeting was organized by appointing Brethren Isaac Myers
foreman and Daniel M. Holsinger secretary.

The following delegates were present : Aughwick, Christian Myers,
Samuel Lutz; Lost Creek, Ezra Smith, Michael Bashore; Buffalo

289

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Valley, Isaac Myers, Adam Beaver; Lewistown, Joseph R. Hanawalt,
David Eshelman ; Warriors Mark, Grabill Myers ; Clover Creek,
George Brumbaugh, Daniel Holsinger.

The following queries were considered in the fear of God :

Article 1. How does this council understand that portion of
Scripture which relates to the subject of " Avoidance" as practiced
by some churches? See 1 Cor. 5:9-13. After considerable discus-
sion, it was finally referred to the next Annual Meeting.

Article 2. Is it conflicting with the Gospel teachings for brethren
to pay local bounty tax ? Considered : Our duty to pay all govern-
ment taxes — " Tribute to whom tribute is due."

Article 3. Is it contrary to the Gospel to raise Church funds by
taxation ? Considered : A very good plan for raising Church funds,
but we would not advise to proceed in that way unless the Church
is unanimous, or nearly so.

Article 4. Our next District Meeting where? Only one invitation
was given, so it was agreed our next District Meeting should be
held (God willing) with our dear brethren in the Lost Creek Church,
Juniata County, Pennsylvania, on the third Tuesday of October,
A. D. 1865.

Delegates to Annual Meeting: Joseph R. Hanawalt and Daniel
Keller.

Organization and proceedings of District Meeting held October
16-17, A. D. 1865, with the brethren in the Lost Creek Church,
Juniata County, Pennsylvania. The meeting was organized by ap-
pointing Brother Isaac Myers foreman, D. M. Holsinger, secretary,
and George Brumbaugh, assistant secretary.

The delegates from the Aughwick church, J. G. Glock, J. Lane;
Perry, Peter Long, W. Panabaker; Lost Creek, David Myers, W.
Kaufman; Upper Cumberland, Daniel Keller, Daniel Hollinger;
Ridge, Daniel Eckerman, J. R. Fogelsonger; Buffalo Valley, Isaac
Myers, Charles Royer, Isaac Royer ; Lewistown, J. R. Hanawalt, W.
Howe, A. Myers; Warriors Mark, none; Duncansville, Graybill
Myers; Clover Creek, D. M. Holsinger, J. W. Brumbaugh, George
W. Brumbaugh; James Creek, George Brumbaugh, H. B. Brum-
baugh; Antietam, J. F. Rohrer, D. F. Good; Upper Conawaga, Sam-
uel Longenecker ; Snakespring Valley, Jacob Steele, H. Hershberger ;
Marsh Creek, David Bosserman.

Article 1. Is it right to require an applicant for baptism to make
restitution, or reconciliation (if possible) where there is a known
difficulty of a serious character existing between him and others who
are not members, before receiving him into the Church? Consid-
ered : Right, whether against members or such who are not members
and that the Church is to be the proper judge of the matter.

Article 2. Is it right for a brother to hold the office of assistant
assessor of revenue tax ? Considered : By no means advisable for a
brother to do so.

Article 3. Can a brother serve as a member of the state legisla-
ture? Considered: He can not. Inasmuch as the Saviour says, "No
man can serve two masters."

Article 4. Is it expedient for the Annual Meeting to reconsider

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in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the thirteenth article of minutes of Annual Meeting 1840 and twen-
tieth article of the Minutes of Annual Meeting, 1865 ? Considered :
That is expedient.

Article 5. Does this meeting approve of a brother who is a physi-
cian to push forward his reputation, by stating in his bills and
circulars that he is a member of the German Baptist Church? Con-
sidered : We do not approve of it. Referred to next Annual Meeting.

Article 6. Whereas no application has been made as yet for the
Annual Meeting in the year A. D. 1866, and whereas the brethren of
the Middle District of Pennsylvania have received the grant they
had for A. D. 1865, on account of the troubles existing in our beloved
country. At the time preparations should have been made for said
meeting, and whereas Brother H. D. Davy demands immediate action
on our part to secure a grant for said meeting in A. D. 1866 within
the limits of our District. It is, therefore, unanimously resolved by
the delegates present, representing the different churches, that we will
secure a suitable place for said meeting (God willing) within the
bounds of this, or the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, and that the
following brethren shall constitute a committee to solicit and de-
termine on said place: Joseph F. Rohrer, Daniel Keller, David Bos-
serman and Daniel Eckerman.

Article 7. Resolved, that a copy of the proceedings of this meeting
shall be sent to the elders of each church embraced in this district
by the secretary of this meeting.

Article 8. Delegates to next Annual Meeting : Isaac Myers, Daniel
M. Holsinger.

I do certify the above to be a true record.

Daniel M. Holsinger, Sec.

Proceedings of the District Meeting of the Middle District of
Pennsylvania, held in Upper Cumberland Church, October 21-23,
A. D. 1866. The following are the branches of the Church embraced
in the District, with their (alphabetically arranged) delegates :
Aughwick, John Spanogle, Peter L. Swine ; Antietam, Jacob F.
Oiler, Joseph F. Rohrer; Back Creek, Adam Pfile, George Mower;
Buffalo Valley, Isaac Myers, Adam Beaver; Clover Creek, J. W.
Brumbaugh, G. W. Brumbaugh ; Codorus, Isaac Myers, Thomas
Gray; Duncansville, Daniel M. Holsinger; Falling Spring, Joseph
Geib, Abraham Golley; James Creek, George Brumbaugh; Lewis-
town, William Howe; Lost Creek, David Myers, Solomon Seiber;
Lower Conawaga, Joseph Myers, J. H. Raffensperger ; Lower Cum-
berland, Samuel Etter, Moses Miller; Marsh Creek, David Bosser-
man, Henry G. Koser ; Little Conawaga, not represented ; Perry,
Peter Long, Abraham Rohrer; Ridge, John Newcomer, Daniel Eck-
erman ; Snakespring Valley, represented by letter ; Spring Run,
Joseph R. Hanawalt; Upper Conawaga, Daniel Longenecker, Adam
Brown; Upper Cumberland, Joseph Sollenberger, Daniel Keller;
Warriors Mark, Graybill Myers, Henry R. Holsinger; Yellow
Creek, John Eshelman, Leonard Furry.

Isaac Myers was elected foreman ; D. M. Holsinger, secretary, and
George Brumbaugh, clerk. The following queries were considered :

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

Article 1. A brother commits fornication in its worst features, is
tried in Church council, is found guilty and is expelled ; after some
time he professes repentance and makes application to be received
again. After repeated applications his case is considered by the
church and a private vote taken, in which about two-thirds of the
members were willing to receive him again, upon which he was re-
ceived. Now, some of the minority are dissatisfied with the decision
and refuse to commune. What is to be done in this case? Consid-
ered : That this meeting confirms the proceedings of that church and
advises the minority to abide by such decision.

Article 2. In regard to receiving the testimony of those who are
not members of the church and putting them on oath ? Considered :
That the church does not demand or admit of an oath. Referred to
minutes of 1865, Article 35.

Article 3. A sister, who lives away from the body of the church
and whose husband is not a member, but is getting very savage to
her; and actually threatened to do her violence, leaving her nearly a
wreck without bread or flour in the house, and to subsist on pota-
toes. She says she is afraid he will kill her, and asks advice from
the church what to do. Now, what advice should be given in such a
case? Should she leave him, or report him to the proper officers of
the law? Considered: That if she cannot be reconciled with her hus-
band so as to live in safety with him, she would be justified in with-
drawing from him under such circumstances, but yet remain his wife.

Article 4. Inasmuch as it seems to have been the practice of the
Apostles in setting apart a member for any special duty in the
Church to do so by prayer and laying on of hands according to
Acts 6:6 and 13:3. Would it not be more in accordance with the
Gospel to establish visiting brethren and speakers in their offices in
that way? Considered: Inasmuch as it appears to us that those upon
whom the Apostles laid hands, as recorded in Acts 6th chapter,
ranged in office parallel with our Deacons, we could see no Scrip-
tural objection to establish such by the laying on of hands, but in the
case of ministers when first elected we would not be so decided.
(Referred to Annual Meeting.)

Article 5. Would it not be advisable to make arrangements at this
District Meeting that a meeting be appointed and that each church in
the State be invited to send Delegates thereto, for the purpose of
dividing the State into more convenient Districts ? Considered : In-
asmuch as this District is quite satisfied with its territory and or-
ganization we do not feel the necessity of any such call.

Article 6. For liquidating the debt incurred in holding the Annual
Meeting in the Antietam branch in A. D. 1866: Resolved, that the
delegates to this meeting lay the matter before their respective
churches and endeavor to raise their proportionate shares as near as
possible.

Article 7. A sister was requested by her husband (who was of an-
other persuasion) to have his minister preach his funeral. Should
she comply with his request? Considered: Yes, she should.

Article 8. A ministering brother, in soliciting his hearers to the
indispensable necessity of obeying the Gospel, remarked that if the
Saviour had been disobedient to His Father's will He probably might
have brought a similar fate upon Himself to that of His disciples.

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in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Is this doctrine consistent with the Gospel? Considered: To be an
unnecessary and uncalled for supposition.

Article 9. Resolved, that this District Meeting send two brethren
to the Annual Meeting as delegates to report its proceedings author-
izing each individual church to send one delegate. Brother David
Bosserman and Daniel M. Holsinger were chosen for the district to
Annual Meeting.

Article 10. Resolved, that this meeting recommends that the
churches, in soliciting their delegates, either for District Meeting or
Annual Meeting, do so by means of the ballot or votes, as they select
their church officers.

Article 11. Concerning the time of holding our District Meetings,
it was agreed to meet on the third Sunday before Whitsuntide, but it
was agreed not to hold a meeting in the spring of 1867.

Article 12. Applications were received for the next District Meet-
ing from the brethren in the Buffalo Valley Branch, Union County,
and also from the James Creek Branch, Huntingdon County. It was
left to the brethren of those two branches to decide among them-
selves where it is to be held, and to give due notice of their
conclusions.

Article 13. In behalf of the missionary cause, the following reso-
lution was accepted :

Whereas, we see the necessity of a more extended spread of the
Gospel, and whereas the Annual Meeting has recommended the
Brotherhood to imitate the worthy example of those Districts which
have made efforts in this cause, therefore, Resolve, that we, the
churches composing the Middle District of Pennsylvania, will em-
ploy renewed efforts to comply more fully with the command of our
Saviour to M Go into all the world and preach the Gospel to every
creature," and that we will make an effort to establish a fund for
that purpose.

Isaac Myers, Foreman.
D. M. Holsinger, Secretary.

293

CHAPTER II

Education in the Middle District

EARLY EFFORTS

While isolation and frontier hardships had very strong
influence against " higher learning " and the voice of the
majority, especially of the General Conference, was
against such " worldly departure," such sentiment was far
from unanimous in the Middle District of Pennsylvania.

During the closing decade of the eighteenth century,
Jacob Snyder, a deacon, felt the need of training the chil-
dren, and taught three months during the winter, in the
shack which he built near the big spring in Snake Spring
Valley. And soon after the opening of the nineteenth
century (1806-28) Conrad F. Haller, a graduate of a Ger-
man University, educated in five different languages, a
physician and a minister, conducted a school in the
Blooming Grove community, just north of Williamsport.
This educational work, moulded after the ideals of these
pious, early settlers, who wanted the Bible as the founda-
tion of all their activities, was not abandoned for the
public school system until towards the middle of the
century.

BUFFALO MILLS SCHOOL

Educational interest now shifted to Buffalo Mills, in
Wills Creek Valley, southwest of Bedford about ten
miles. This effort to establish a school has an interesting
background, showing clearly that there was considerable
sentiment and strong convictions on the part of many for
better education during the period sometimes called " the
Dark Ages " of the church.

Andrew Miller, the father of Jacob Miller, the school-
man, seeing that his eldest son was small of stature and
probably not suited for the farm, had the lad sent to
school, — until he was ten years old — in the upstairs of
his father's own home, then he went to Thomas A. Har-

294

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ris' school, in Bedford. In 1845, Jacob began to teach
public school in the vicinity of New Enterprise. In the
Fall of 1847, he taught a select school at the same place.
Samuel Teeter's two brothers attended his school and he
taught branches that had never been taught there before.
Leonard Furry and Daniel Snowberger boarded him free
to induce him to teach in their community. Daniel said,
one time, to Jacob Miller's daughter, Mrs. Emma
Replogle,* concerning this school teacher, " Your father
convinced me that I needed a dictionary/' This teacher
organized a debating society. One of the questions de-
bated, of more than ordinary note, was, " Resolved, that
ministers of the Gospel should be educated.'5 This ques-
tion was debated on the very spot where the New Enter-
prise Church now stands. He was " the first man that
really taught school in the Cove," said William Grove,
years ago, a resident of Waterside. Of this same brother.
John B. Fluck, almost of our own times, said he " had a
more systematic mode of instructions than the old-styled
teachers at that time, and a number of young men be-
came more proficient in teaching than those of the com-
mon schools of that day under his system of teach-
ing. . . . Young men became interested in him and his
school, . . . and from his and adjoining districts attended
this school and the Literary Society and Spelling Schools
conducted by him. . . . The schools were organized by
classes and set times were fixed for writing and reciting.
Arithmetic was taught in classes and explanations from
the blackboard were given each day at certain hours."

Evidently he taught each winter in the Cove until 1852,
when, because his father was located in Wills Creek Val-
ley, he, too, moved there. Here, in the Fall of 1852, he
opened what is known as the Buffalo Mills School. From
the beginning it was successful. Home patronage was
good. Students from adjoining counties came and
boarded in his home while attending his school. Among
his students may be mentioned Jeremiah Beeghly, of
Accident, (Md.) ; Nelson Myers, Lewis Keim, Israel
Berkley, Daniel Hauger, of Somerset County; William

* To Mrs. Emma Replogle, now (February, 1925) in the home of her daughter.
Mrs. A. W. Dupler, in Huntingdon, Pa., the editor is indebted for this material
on Buffalo Mills.

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

Snowden, EH Miller and John S. Holsinger, of Dunnings
Creek section. His more advanced students assisted him
in teaching. Among these John S. Holsinger was one.

In 1897, Henry R. Holsinger, gathering data for his
" History of the Tunkers," said, " What a work ! What a
life ! Without the aid of the press, without a bit of adver-
tising, to build up a school and get students from other

Buffalo Mills, where Jacob Miller had his school. Note the white arrow at the
right pointing to a house with a cross marked on it.

counties right at his own home and in his own congrega-
tion ! What a strong personality ! "

Through exposure and overwork, his untimely death
came in 1853, and this school effort came to a close,
though not without large and splendid results in the lives
of many pupils who went forth for the King.

During these

FORMATIVE YEARS

of the third quarter of the nineteenth century, a few
hearts, considerate yet fearless, labored for better educa-
tional facilities wherever they could, and thereby pre-
pared the church for further efforts to provide higher
learning. In 1856, James Quinter wrote a strong article

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in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

on the need of educating the young of the church in
proper religious surroundings. The Gospel Visitor pub-
lished the article. This becomes the more interesting
because it was our only church paper those times, and
was owned and edited by Henry Kurtz, a leader who put
a big question mark after so much learning. Brother
Quinter's words were so timely and his reasoning so clear
that they are worthy of a place in this record, and the
more so since later he was identified with Juniata College.
" If our youth now desire anything more than a com-
mon school education, they are compelled to resort to in-
stitutions not under that pure Christian influence which
we, as parents, should want our youth placed under, and
thus, by failing to afford them the helps desirable for pur-
suing their studies, we may in some degree endanger their
spiritual welfare. And not only so, but we are in danger
of losing the influence and talents of many of our youth,
as they will not be likely to feel the same respect for, or
attachment to, our denomination, should they not find in
us the inclination to sympathize with them in their de-
sires for mental culture and a readiness to afford them
suitable opportunities for obtaining that culture, that
they would if they found the Church ready to encourage
them, and to take them under her sheltering wing, and
to feed them with useful knowledge. . . . Knowing that
a number of young people are from home, pursuing their
studies in other institutions of learning, and feeling a
deep concern for the welfare of our youth, and a growing
attachment to the holy doctrines and practices of Chris-
tianity as held by our beloved brethren, we confess we
feel no little desire to see the Church affording her youth
every opportunity necessary for the promotion of their
happiness and usefulness. We think that it is not only
right that the Church should encourage an institution in
which our youth may acquire useful knowledge, but we
think that it is her duty — a duty she owes to her God, to
herself, and to the rising generation — to encourage and
build up such an institution." The same article outlines,
to some extent, the kind of school he had in mind : " We
would expect such an institution to be under the influence
of spiritually minded Brethren. We would want re-
ligious teachers — teachers who would have a regard to

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

the religious as well as to the intellectual improvements
of the students, — consequently, the students would have
religious counsel administered to them. We would have
the Bible daily used in the institution. We would have
the students to board in a religious family and have them
led daily to a throne of grace and Heaven's blessing in-
voked upon them. In short, we would have the school
to resemble a pious family under such rules as would
discountenance whatever is evil and encourage whatever
is good." *

Eight years after the Buffalo Mills School came to a
close, Solomon Z. Sharp, who has given his life to the
development of education in the church, purchased

KISHACOQUILLAS SEMINARY,

located about ten miles from Lewistown, in Big Valley.
It had been built by the Presbyterians some years before
and abandoned for want of support. At the time Brother

Kishacoquillas Seminar}' building. Still in good repair, but not used for

educational purposes.

Sharp had just been called to the ministry and was prin-
cipal of the McVeytown High School. On April 1, 1861,
thirty-six students present, he started a summer normal

* See Life and Sermons of Elder James Quinters by his daughter, Mary, pp. 36-38.

298

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

for teachers. Professor Davenport, a graduate of Co-
lumbia University, taught Latin and higher mathematics ;
a German artist taught oil painting. Thus equipped, the
school continued through the year, ending with an en-
rolment of seventy-two. Among the names of students
enrolled are found Amich, Bashore, Bolinger, Brum-
baugh, Custer, Hagey, Hanawalt, Myers, Smith, Snow-
berger, Spanogle, Swigart, Rush and Zuck. The
abnormal conditions created through the Civil War
greatly embarrassed the institution financially, as well as
affected the attendance. At the end of three years
Brother Sharp sold the school to Martin Mohler, who
continued it for several years.

Thus far individual effort marked the way of education.
Sentiment had developed far enough now that some
brave hearts thought the time had come for concerted or

ORGANIZED EFFORT

in establishing a school somewhere in Pennsylvania.

Henry R. Holsinger, of course, stood wholehearted for
better educational facilities, and now and then voiced his
sentiments in the Christian Family Companion, which he
had been publishing since 1865. Not, however, until
1874, when he called a meeting at Martinsburg, (Pa.),
through the columns of the Pilgrim (Issue, February 24,
1874), did the pros and cons of education get down to real
work. " Since our last/' Brother Holsinger started out in
his announcement, " we have been to Martinsburg. Have
examined the school buildings, and have had an interview
with the proprietor and the agent, and also with a number
of brethren residing there. All agree that it is a good
location, and that there is a bargain in the offer. And
now we have appointed an educational meeting, to be
held at Martinsburg, at the Brethren's Meeting House, on
Monday, March 16th, next, all the delegates and friends
to assemble on Saturday previous.

"The object of this meeting will be to effect an or-
ganization of the friends of education among us, and to
take such steps towards the establishing of a school as
will afford the facilities to our children for acquiring an
education, such as the meeting may think advisable.
Should a better location be proposed and agreed upon, we

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

will heartily concur, as we have nothing in view save the
prosperity of the cause of light and knowledge."

The call further urged that " delegates be elected, sent
and instructed. . . . Pledges are to be secured and sent
along." Then the writer offered his " favorite plan for
the support of the school." In brief it is that one hundred
brethren give $1,000.00 each, one quarter down and the
balance at six per cent, until paid within ten years. He
himself proposed to be of the hundred.

With such a call in the paper published by Henry and
John B. Brumbaugh, when Brother Holsinger had a paper
of his own in which it might have appeared, one need not
guess where the Brumbaugh Brothers stood on the issue.
In fact, in an editorial (presumably by Henry B. Brum-
baugh), there is open avowal of the cause in these words :
" The school movement seems to be creating considerable
interest, and the prospects are good for a fair representa-
tion of those interested in education. The time has come
that it is expected of all people to be consistent. We, as
a church, must either discard education altogether or
make some provisions towards obtaining it. The fact
that our children are sent to the higher grades of schools
by the scores and hundreds is an undisputable evidence
that educational interests are growing amongst us. The
Brethren are now sending enough children away from
home to support several good schools, and many of them
return home with their minds so tainted with sectarian
influences that their after deportment does not very well
correspond with the humble teachings of Christ, thus
casting a stigma upon education that is wholly unjust, as
true education has nothing to do with it. . . . The object
of this school should not be to teach religion, but to have
it surrounded by such influences as will point the young
and expanding mind to the principles of divine truth as
is exemplified in our holy religion. All such as can
view the subject in this light should feel it a privilege
and duty to attend the approaching meeting and thus
show that they are concerned about the educational in-
terests of the rising generation." *

The " proceedings of the educational meeting held at
Martinsburg, March 16, 1874," are worthy of a place in

* The Weekly Pilprim, March 10, 1874.

300

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

this record. " After opening in the usual order, by sing-
ing and prayer, H. R. Holsinger was chosen Chairman
and J. A. Sell, clerk. The object of this meeting was
then stated by the chairman to be :

First. To ascertain the sentiment of friends of educa-
tion present, upon the importance or necessity of having
a school of a higher grade under the control of our own
membership. And if so, then,

Second. The question would arise, when shall we
prosecute the project of organizing and establishing the
institution? The importance of having such a school
under our control was then discussed by the chairman,
H. B. Brumbaugh, Graybill Myers, George Brumbaugh,
and it was unanimously agreed that such a school is
needed.

" It was also resolved that the wants of the Brother-
hood demand such action as will most speedily put into
operation such a school as will furnish accommodation
sought after by our youth."

" After a discussion of how to raise money, suitable
locations were then nominated as follows : H. B. Brum-
baugh named Huntingdon; George Brumbaugh, Pleasant
Grove in Huntingdon County ; Franklin Forney, Berlin ;
H. R. Holsinger, Wooster, Ohio; John H. Shiffler, Mar-
tinsburg, Thereupon nominations closed and " the meet-
ing adjourned for one hour."

" In the afternoon ... it was agreed that Martinsburg
was a suitable and convenient location, . . . but that it is
not advisable to purchase the proposed property, as more
convenient buildings could be constructed for about the
same money/' All agreed " that the success of the enter-
prise greatly depends upon its location." Martinsburg
was " suitable in point of healthfulness, easy of access,
church influence, religiously but not so good pecuniarily.
Only a few thousand dollars of stock could be secured at
the meeting."

Huntingdon " was shown to possess superior advan-
tages in the way of railroad facilities, water works and
gas light, but wanting in church influence and other
points."

Berlin " was shown to possess advantages of healthful-
ness ; easy of access, being warranted to have railroad

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

connection before the school could be put in operation.
Church influence, in patronage, religious and pecuniary
influences and in sending pupils. The delegates from
Berlin also offered to secure $30,000.00 stock in the school
and to donate $4,000.00 in cash to the enterprise, if the
school would be created at Berlin."

" It was then unanimously agreed to adopt Berlin as
the location for the Brethren's school. The following
resolution was unanimously adopted : Resolved, that we
raise a fund of not less than one hundred thousand dol-
lars, in shares of five hundred dollars each, each share-
holder to be entitled to one vote. Twenty-five per cent,
of the amount subscribed to be paid in as may be de-
manded and the balance to be secured by mortgage for
ten years, upon which six per cent, interest shall be paid
annually on the entire amount if preferred by the sub-
scriber; the school to be located at Berlin, Somerset
County, Pennsylvania."

Henry R. Holsinger was unanimously appointed " gen-
eral solicitor to secure the endowment." The meeting
adjourned with " the best of feelings and in confidence
for the success of the enterprise which it had organized."

The publication of the foregoing in the Pilgrim plunged
the brotherhood into a furore of deep anxiety, as is re-
flected in another editorial,* from which the following is
extracted: " Since the School Meeting, there are a few of
our readers, fearful that our connection with the School,
as they seem to think, may result unfavorably to our
work. We beg leave to state that we are unconditionally
in favor of, at least, a thorough English education, but
have no personal interest in connection with the pro-
posed School more than our common cause demands, and
the duty of our position seems to call for. That our
Brotherhood is favorable to a good education is plainly
evident, if not by oral affirmation, by practical illustra-
tion. ... Is it not an undeniable fact that when a
brother is to be called to the ministry, other things being
equal, the one having a good education is always chosen?
Is this not done on purely democratic principles by the
vote or voice of each individual member? . . . Our con-
clusion is nothing more or less than that the Church is

* The Weekly Pilgrim, April 28, 1874.

302

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

favorable to education. . . . Whether the school is a
success or a failure will not affect our interest in the least,
as financially, we are not concerned, but the cause has
our sympathies and also the sanction of Annual
Conference."

The Pilgrim surely did its part to help on the Berlin
project. " H. R. Holsinger writes us * that he is now
working in soliciting funds for the school and is hopeful
of success. We just here wish to disabuse the minds of
those brethren who persist in calling it the Holsinger
school. While he is justly and honorably identified with
the first move, he claims no more control over the school
than his bonafide subscription entitles him to."

By September 29, 1874, H. R. Holsinger states through
the Pilgrim: "We are happy to announce to the friends
of the enterprise that the local quota of $30,000.00 has
been subscribed by the brethren and friends within the
limits of the Berlin congregation. Besides this amount,
we have nearly $6,000.00 from other places, especiallv
Elk Lick." P y

Again an editorial in the Pilgrim is illuminating: " The
subject of High Schools," says the editor,f " is becoming
fearfully agitated, and if not stopped, we fear it will end
just like every other subject that has been rabidly dis-
cussed through our periodicals, nothing gained, but a
great deal of love lost. In the last Companion, Number
40 (H. R. Holsinger's paper. Ed.) we notice no less than
ten columns devoted to the subject, and the writers differ
so widely that we feel to say, brethren, better not."

Perhaps the promoters of the Berlin School were too
sanguine in raising the $100,000.00, or it may be that
sentiment in favor of education was not strong enough
yet. Anyhow, one thing is sure; though Berlin did her
part nobly, the friends of education outside failed to re-
spond to Brother Holsinger's strenuous efforts, and at
last he had to give it up,— a step that cost him more pain
and heartache than most people imagine. Yet his labors
were not in vain. The agitation was one more step for-
ward towards the educational goal.

* Editorial item June 23, 1874.

f The Weekly Pilgrim, October 13, 1874.

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

Dr. Andrew B. Brumbaugh

JUNIATA'S BEGINNING

Meanwhile a young physician, Dr. Andrew Boelus
Brumbaugh, a graduate of the Medical Department of

the University of Pennsylvania in
the class of 1866, located the same
year in Huntingdon. He " saw
visions and dreamed dreams " edu-
cationally, for the future of his
people, the Church of the Breth-
ren. January 1, 1870, the Pilgrim
first appeared in Marklesburg, a
village in Woodcock Valley, off
the railroad, eleven miles from
Huntingdon. When the young
doctor was out in that section visit-
ing his patients, now and then he
would drop into the office and talk
matters over with his two cousins,
Henry Brumbaugh and John B.
Brumbaugh, the publishers. His theme usually was a
school for the church at Huntingdon. He finally induced
the brothers to move to Huntingdon. Henry Brumbaugh
built a large three-story brick building at the corner of
Fourteenth and Washington Streets and here, in the Fall
of 1874, the Pilgrim was located.

At this time there was more or less agitation on the
school question in the Pilgrim. It was a difficult subject
to handle because of the divided sentiment of the church,
and this gave occasion for these three to discuss the needs
of education often. Early in the Spring of 1875, Jacob M.
Zuck visited John B. Brumbaugh, and these two formed
a close friendship, afterwards kept up by correspondence.
About a year later when, one day, the three Brumbaughs
were surveying the school situation in the Brotherhood,
noting that the Berlin project was failing for lack of sup-
port in endowment, that the Plum Creek school was not
succeeding in raising endowment very well, Dr. Andrew
B. Brumbaugh proposed to his associates that a school
be started in Huntingdon solely on the basis of soliciting
students and not asking for endowment. So thoroughly
was he enthused on this being the place for a Brethren's
school that already, on his own initiative, he had pur-

304

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

chased " two lots for a mission school or church. " The
three agreed that this was the thing to do. Henry Brum-
baugh proposed to furnish the building, a large unoccu-
pied room on the second floor of his printing plant; John
Brumbaugh said he would give board, room and washing

" The Brumbaugh Brothers »
Henry B. Brumbaugh John B. Brumbaugh

for the teacher, free for one year; Dr. Andrew B. Brum-
baugh was to " furnish the students and some furni-
ture." * John B. Brumbaugh at once invited Jacob M.
Zuck, of Clay Lick, Pennsylvania. He agreed to come
and sent the following announcement for publication. It
appeared in the Pilgrim, April 4, 1876 :

NORMAL SELECT SCHOOL
The undersigned will open a Normal Select School in the Pil-
grim Building, Huntingdon, Pennsylvania. The school year will
consist of four terms of eleven weeks each, beginning April 17th,
September 4th, November 20th, 1876, and February 12th, 1877.

T£RMS

Tuition for 1 1 weeks $6.50

For less time, per week 65

Boarding, per week 3.00

The patronage of all is solicited. Special attention given to those
desiring to teach. For further particulars address,
J. M. Zuck, Box 50, Huntingdon, Pennsylvania.

* Gleaned from History of Juniata College, and life of Dr. Andrew B. Brum-
baugh in Genealogies of the Brumbaugh Families, by Gaius M. Brumbaugh, son of
Dr. A. B. B.

305

Professor Jacob M. Zuck, the Founder. The first three graduates, Class of
1879, Phoebe R. Norris, Linnie Bosserman, and Gaius M. Brumbaugh.
The Faculty of 1878. (Standing, from left), Jacob H. Brumbaugh,
David Emmert and A. S. M. Anderson. (Sitting), Phoebe W. Weakley,
Jacob M. Zuck, J. C. Ewing. The Brumbaugh Building, corner this way,
second story, where Juniata began. The First Chapel. The Burchinell
House, Juniata's Second Home.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Following in the advertisement are recommendations from Edward
Brooks, Principal State Normal School, stating Brother Zuck had
" taught with success in our Normal School." From A. Holsbrook,
Principal of National Normal School, Ohio, stating he had "gradu-
ated in our Scientific class of 1874" and was "a man of correct
habits, of remarkably clear mind, mastering with certainty every
subject to which he applies himself. . . . well qualified in the Higher
Mathematics, in the Natural Sciences, and in the Latin language, to
teach them with success." From E. A. Hering, president, and J. B.
Hamilton, secretary of the Waynesboro schools, who, after stating
that he had taught nine months in the city schools, say they "take
pleasure in recommending him to any in need of a first class teacher.
He displayed rare administrative skill in the management of his
school, etc."

An editorial in the same issue (presumably written by
Henry B. Brumbaugh), after calling attention to the
advertisement, declares " because we have always had a
deep interest in the proper education of the children of
the Brethren, we have consented to give part of our large
building to be devoted to that purpose." Further, the
editorial states that " the design of the school is not to
teach religion, but to educate, therefore in principle it
will not be sectarian, and all who are desirous of obtain-
ing good educational facilities are cordially invited to
attend. . . . We have no interest in this school more than
that we desire to make it a success/1 *

Jacob M. Zuck appeared on the scene in time to open
school as announced, and in the room 12 x 16 feet on the
second story of the Pilgrim building, three students pre-
sented themselves for enrolment : — Gaius M. Brumbaugh,
the only son of Dr. A. B. and Maria Brumbaugh, the first
members to locate in Huntingdon, and the lifelong,
staunch supporters of the school ; Rebecca Cornelius, of
Shirleysburg, who later married T. Wilday Black, and
now resides in Huntingdon ; and Maggie D. Miller, who
married Timothy Campbell. On the "third day Edward
Wharton came in. Others enrolling later were a Mr.
Peightal, Mary Dorborough, Ida Black, now Mrs. Wil-
liam Reed, of Huntingdon, and Ida Johnson. By the end
of the first term seventeen had enrolled. The following
full school year twenty-nine enrolled.

The school library consisted of Webster's New Un-
abridged Dictionary; AppletoiVs sixteen large volume

* The Pilgrim, 1876, p. 210.

307

A History of the Church of the Brethren

and Chambers ten volume Encyclopedias. " Works
like these/' Professor Zuck wrote,* " cover the whole
range of human knowledge and are indispensable to the
student. . . . We have also the facilities for fitting up a
first-class reading room which will enable the students,
without expense, to keep themselves posted on the cur-

The Room. 12 x 16, "Where Professor Zuck and the Three
First Scholars Met on April 17, 1876.

rent events of the day, whether in the fields of science,
literature, art, politics or religion/' Mention is then made
of three dailies, — Neiv York Tribune, The Witness, and the
Graphic, — a number of weeklies and leading magazines.
" Students, on reaching Huntingdon, . . . better take the
omnibus, which will be found in readiness at the depot.''
The Brumbaugh Brothers, as publishers of the Pilgrim,
certainly subjected themselves to criticism in being party
to this new school project as they were. John B. Brum-
baugh, in an editorial/)" says : " In the first place, we want
it understood that the publishers of this paper have
nothing to do with this school. We have a large building
here, part of which is unoccupied. We invited our
brother to come here and start a school. He did so, and
we feel anxious for him to succeed. The more we be-
come acquainted with him, the surer we feel that ' he is
the right man in the right place.' His school at present

* See The Pilgrim, p. 298.

t The Pilgrim, p. 321, May 23, 1876.

308

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

is not large, . . . but the prospects are flattering, . . .
and just as soon as the patronage becomes so large that
the room is insufficient, a building will be erected forth-
with. This will be strictly a private enterprise, so that
the church need not fear that anv burdens will be im-

Jacob H. Brumbaugh

David Emmert

posed upon her from this source. . . . We do not intend
to have the propriety or impropriety of having a Breth-
ren's school discussed through our columns, that is, a
discussion on the subject shall not originate from the
effort that is being and will be made here. . . . Give the
school a trial, and if it does not merit your patronage,
then you should go where you can do better.''

Meanwhile the school was quietly going on and new
features were being added as opportunity presented it-
self. June 18, 1876, a Bible class that met every Sabbath
afternoon was organized. Progress was also marked
thus : " The class beginning Caesar read twenty-five chap-
ters, the Algebraists got as far as the Binomial Theorem
( Brooks), and the class commencing Geometry completed
Books 1st and 2nd." *

By February, 1877, the school had grown in numbers
to such an extent that it was necessary to move across

J. M. Zuck's Report of First Term in The Pilgrim, p. 423, 1876.

309

A History of the Church of the Brethren

the street into the Burchinell building. Here it remained

until Founders' Hall
was ready to occupy.
Monday, April 7, 1879,
when all moved into
the new building, the
first of the group now
standing on College
Hill, was a happy day,
a holiday. Ten days
later, April 17, the
" formal opening of the
new building ' was
held.

About the middle of
the first school year a
committee made the
following report as a

Founders' Hall, Built in 1879

basis for directing the school

We, the committee appointed at a school meeting of the brethren
of Huntingdon, Pa., January 27, 1877, to draft resolutions, etc., re-
port the following :

Whereas, the subject of Education has been before the fraternity
of the Brethren for a number of years, and many have felt the need
of a school surrounded by the proper moral influences ; and, whereas,
brother J. M. Zuck has opened a school in the town of Huntingdon,
Pa., known as the Huntingdon Normal School, which has met with
encouragement and has awakened a decided interest on the part of
brethren and others, and apparently only needs better accommoda-
tions to make it a complete success ; and whereas, all acknowledge
Huntingdon to be a good location for a school such as we need, in
order that we may retain, develop and utilize the talent that other-
wise might be lost to the church ; therefore,

Resolved (1), That we will make an effort to raise the necessary
funds to establish an educational institution in the town of Hunting-
don, Pa., and that to this end we will respectfully but earnestly
solicit the co-operation and assistance of our brethren and others
friendly to the cause.

Resolved (2), That we commend to the serious and prayerful con-
sideration of our brethren the educational project set on foot by the
brethren in the aforesaid town of Huntingdon, and appeal to all who
can do so, to lend a helping hand in the way of donating or sub-
scribing to the fund to be known as the " Huntingdon School Fund."

Resolved (3), That although we shall aim to get as many of the
brethren as possible interested in this enterprise, yet we approach all
such brethren in an individual rather than in a church capacity, and

310

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

hence this measure ought to be regarded as a private or individual
enterprise, and concerns only those who are, or may become, friendly
to the cause.

Resolved (4), That the brethren who have inaugurated this move-
ment, residing in the town of Huntingdon, be and are hereby consti-
tuted a Board of temporary trustees, who shall elect their own
officers, appoint a general agent or solicitor, and take such other steps
as may be necessary in order to carry out the work in which they
have engaged.

Resolved (5), That the Temporary Trustees of the Huntingdon
School Fund and the subscribers and donors to said fund enter into
the following articles of agreement:

Article I — Design
The design of this Fund shall be to establish a school or institution
of learning that will provide the young of both sexes with such^ edu-
cational advantages as will fit them for the duties and responsibilities
of life, and more especially to secure these advantages to the youth
of our own fraternity at such a place and surrounded by such^ in-
fluences as will not prejudice their minds against any of the doctrines
of the Bible as believed and practiced by the Brethren.

Here follows Article II, providing for a board of nine
trustees, " all of whom shall be brethren, and at least five
of whom shall reside in the vicinity of the school and
constitute a quorum ; Article III, Manner of raising
Funds; Article IV, Distribution of Funds; Article V,
Obligation.

This report, prepared by James Quinter, Dr. A. B.
Brumbaugh and Jacob M. Zuck, was submitted to a
meeting of the Brethren in Huntingdon, February 2,
1877, and sanctioned at a council meeting of the Brethren
in James Creek congregation, February 3, 1877. The
following six brethren were made the temporary trustees :
James Quinter, H. B. Brumbaugh, A. B. Brumbaugh, J.
M. Zuck, J. B. Brumbaugh, J. W. Beer.

JUNIATA COLLEGE

The school was first announced under the name,
" Huntingdon Normal School." But it soon took the
name, " Brethren's Normal School and Collegiate Insti-
tute/' In 1881 it assumed the name, " Brethren's Normal
College," and continued under that designation until
1893. Then, in honor of the valley in which it is the lone
college and the far-famed river on whose banks it is
located, it adopted its present name, Juniata College.

Its trustees, by the terms of the charter, must be mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren. From the first they

311

Some of those who stood by Juniata through its trying years. Top, from left :
Trustees, Jacob F. Oiler, Waynesboro, Pa. ; John Harley, Pottstown, Pa. ;
D. F. Stouffer, Benevola, Md., and Isaac Price, Schuylkill, Pa. Teachers,
Joseph E. Saylor and William Beery.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

numbered fifteen ; since 1922, twenty-one. Let the reader
turn to the page on which the trustees are tabulated and
note the men who fathered this enterprise through its
perplexing, because unpopular, days and you will dis-
cover who has carried the burden of Juniata College
through the years. The trustee board has had but two

^wmm

Students'

Founders'

Ladies'

Oneida

presidents, — Henry B. Brumbaugh, from 1878 until 1919,
and Martin Grove Brumbaugh, from 1919 to the present.

In addition to Founders' Hall, occupied in the spring of
1879, the following buildings have been added: Ladies'
Hall, 1890; Students' Hall, 1895; Oneida Hall, 1898; In-
firmary, 1900; Gymnasium, 1901; Library, 1907; Stone
Church, 1910; Grand Stand on
Athletic Field, 1914; Heating Plant
and Laundry, 1915 ; Science Build-
ing, 1916.

Principals or Presidents. Prin-
cipals : Jacob M. Zuck, from April
17, 1876, until May 19, 1879 ; Jacob
H. Brumbaugh, until 1881. Presi-
dents : James Quinter, until 1888 ;
Henry B. Brumbaugh, until 1893;
Martin G. Brumbaugh, until 1910 ;
I. Harvey Brumbaugh, Acting
President, 1899-1911 ; President,
1911-24; Martin G. Brumbaugh,
1924 to the present.

Students. The first day they
were three ; the first term, seven-
teen ; the first full school year, 29 ;

James Quinter,,

First President of Juniata

College

313

A History of the Church of the Brethren

the second, 117. Enrollment for 1924-25, all college grade,
347. The first graduates from any Brethren's school were
from Juniata, July 3, 1879, the class, M. Linnie Bosser-
man, of Polo (Mo.) ; Phoebe R. Norris, of Gettysburg,
(Pa.) ; and Gaius M. Brumbaugh, of Huntingdon, (Pa.),

Gymnasium at Commencement Time

each receiving the degree, Bachelor of English. In 1882
were catalogued the first pupils in the college scientific
course. In 1889-90 a two-years' Bible course was begun
with thirty students enrolled. In 1890-91 Juniata Business
College began with twenty-eight students. In 1895 the
first students (eight) in the Classical course were cata-
logued. In 1897 Daniel C. Reber, now occupying a chair
in Alanchester College, (Ind.), was the first, and in 1898
Charles C. Ellis, Vice-President of Juniata and a member
of her faculty, was the second to receive the Bachelor of
Arts degree from any Brethren's college. It was during
Martin G. Brumbaugh's administration (1893-99) that
the institution took advanced steps and became a college
in fact. In 1924 the. iVcademy was dropped.

Faculty. The first term, one instructor; the first year,

314

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

three; second year, seven; 1924-25, twenty-five. The
table of instructors who served three years or more,
extensive attitude and the summer school was dropped,
found on another page, will prove interesting study to the
one who wishes to know who has exerted the larger in-
fluence over the student body.

Summer School. This has had a checkered history.
In the early years of the institution, under the name,
" Pennsylvania Summer School/' a few sessions were
held. Then the school took on a rather intensive than

Science Building

Between 1909 and 1914, six-weeks' summer sessions
were held. Beginning with 1921 a nine weeks' summer
school has been conducted, — the first year the enrolment
being 177, and for 1924, 468.

Soon after the school started, the Eclectic Literary
Society was organized. This continued to meet at regu-
lar times until the Spring of 1892, when the Oriental and
Wahneeta societies were organized in its stead.

Periodicals. In January, 1892, under the editorship of
Dr. A. B. Brumbaugh, who was the agitator of the idea,
the Juniata Echo made its first appearance. First, it was

315

The Library,

The Reading Room in the Library.

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

published quarterly. It is to be regretted that no files of
the first four volumes, presumably quarterly issues, have
been preserved. Volume V begins as a neat monthly.
Thus it continued to represent the ideals and sentiments
of the college until the Fall of 1924, when it was super-
ceded by The Juniatian, a weekly publication. The Juniata
Bulletin began publication January, 1904. It serves a
unique purpose. Within its covers are special reports
and papers dealing with subjects germane to the purpose
and hopes of the college.

Grounds and Library. The college grounds consist of
twenty-three acres. The library has over 30,000 volumes,
over 3,000 of which are carefully selected texts on the
shelves of the Reference Rooms.

Standing. Juniata College is a member of the Associ-
ation of Colleges and Preparatory Schools of the Middle
States and Maryland with recognition of first class.

Fundamentals. The Trustees, at their regular meeting,
April 17, 1919, at a time when taking such a position
meant almost standing alone among educational institu-
tions, declared the position of the college as it relates to
the Bible as follows :

1. The Divine authority and the full and complete inspiration of
the whole of the Old and New Testament Scriptures.

2. The Deity of our Lord Jesus Christ.

3. The Doctrine of the Trinity.

4. The Fall of Man and his consequent depravity and the necessity
of the New Birth.

5. The sinless life of Jesus Christ, Atonement in His blood which
was shed for sin, and His personal Resurrection.

6. Justification by faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.

7. Regeneration by the Holy Spirit.

8. The Personality of the Holy Spirit and as the Divine Paraclete,
the Comforter and Guide of all the people of God.

9. Sanctification thru the Word and the Spirit.

10. The Personal and Visible Return of our Lord Jesus Christ, the
Resurrection of the Dead, and the last Judgment.

Though the college was not founded to teach religion,
as one of its founders expressly said in the beginning, the
declaration of the trustees on the fundamentals indicates
the atmosphere of real Christianity in class room and
elsewhere, which is sought to be constantly realized.

317

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Chapel every day is a quiet hour most uplifting, the
students declare.

Besides, in 1898, Jacob M. Blough, John M. Pittenger
and Jesse B. Emmert formed a Volunteer Mission Band
that has continued with increasing influence ever since.
It should be noted, too, that these three have served on
the mission field of India since they left college. The
band has been a strong link between the college and the
congregation through deputation work which has been
carried on for a number of years. Since Jacob M. Blough
sailed for India, in 1903, it has yearly raised the money for
his support. While all the missionaries who were once
students at Juniata have an abiding interest in the
thought of the college and reference to them in prayer is
often made, Jacob W. Blough, now on the India field, is
the one direct tie that binds the institution closely to that
part of the foreign work.

Jesse B. Emmert was the band's first president. Others
who followed, as far as could be ascertained, are the fol-
lowing: 1899, Lewis Keim ; 1900, unknown; 1901, Jacob
M. Blough, Mahlon J. Weaver and J. William Swigart ;
1902-3; unknokn; 1904, Daniel W. Kurtz; 1905, un-
known; 1906, Arthur J. Culler; 1907, Earl E. Eshelman ;
1908-17, unknown; 1918-19, Linwood Geiger; 1920,
George Griffith ; 1921-22, Dorsey Seese; 1923, Kenneth
Bechtel ; 1924, Kenneth Bechtel and Paul Rummel.

The Young Men's and the Young Women's Christian
Associations each wield a healthy religious influence in
the student body. These organizations, pleading for a
real, practical Christianity, for a number of years have
been meeting on Sunday evening before church. Then,
afterwards, all attend services in the Stone Church.

Though the announcement of the election of Martin
Grove Brumbaugh, Ph.D., LL.D., as president, was made
at commencement of 1924, the formal inauguration into
office was not held until January 29, 1925. On this occa-
sion presidents from seventeen colleges and delegated
representatives from fourteen more, coming from Ten-
nessee, Ohio, Virginia, Delaware, New York, Maryland,
and every part of Pennsylvania were present to give
honor and recognition to the occasion, — a most impos-

ing one.

318

President
Martin G. Brumbaugh

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Among other points stressed in his address, the new
President unequivocally reaffirmed the position of the
trustees on the Bible as his position. The entire address
is a foregleam of what may be ex-
pected to be Juniata's future.

THE INAUGURAL ADDRESS

Archbishop Lang, of York and Lancas-
ter, in a trying hour of the World War,
came to the United States to impress upon
our people the necessity of this country
joining actively with the Allies to save
civilization — Christian civilization. It was
my fortune to escort him from Harris-
burg to Philadelphia. As he looked over
our Lancaster and our York he said, " We
propose to carry on, but we need greatly
your help."

Likewise for Juniata College, founded
and fostered as a seat of Christian learn-
ing— rich in service to God's people, I
propose to carry on, but I need greatly
your help. I not only need your help, but
I earnestly solicit it to the end that we may here maintain the fine
traditions of those pious men who have passed on and achieved by
gradual ascent those heights which they visioned but could not attain.

Let us consider briefly some of the salient objectives of this
college, for it is essential that any institution dedicated to the higher
learning should be wisely led.

First of all, it is a Christian College — dedicated to the advancement
of right living here and teaching that there is a hereafter of tre-
mendous significance. This college teaches the Supremacy of God,
the deity of Jesus, the power and presence of the Holy Spirit. It
accepts without apology the inspiration of the Bible and teaches that
it and it alone holds in its unfolding teachings the hope of immortal
life, through the resurrected Christ of the world. From this ideal I
pray we shall never depart. In this respect the College is not only
conservative, it is immovable. We shall not only endeavor to teach
right, but we shall insist that our pupils shall do the right. Socrates
was assuredly justified in his rebuke to the Athenian youth when he
said, " The boys of Athens know the right, but the boys of Sparta do
the right." Knowledge that is not refined into conduct is a curse,
not a blessing. Hear the words of the Teacher sent from God :
k< Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the
Kingdom of Heaven, but he that doeth the will of my Father which
is in heaven."

Moreover, to carry on in this lofty purpose it is essential that it
remain a small college. We have no ambitious dreams or plans for
a college of many thousands. It is perhaps prudent to declare that
our aim in this respect is a college of about five hundred students

319

A History of the Church of the Brethren

We purpose to maintain close personal touch with our student body.
We want to know these young men and women. We want to counsel
with them. We want to enter vitally into their life purposes, and
help develop those qualities of mind and soul that will be received
with favor in this world and the next.

We are not in any sense hostile to those great centers of learning,
whose students are reckoned by the tens of thousands. We recog-
nize the meaning of these as depositories of vital material for re-
search work. In this age of increasingly widening educational
demands, it is necessary to maintain graduate schools and specialized
technical training. The vast business interests of the country call for
this training. We shall be content if we can, year by year, forward
to these universities those that are fitted wisely to pursue the studies
and the research work there provided.

Is not the time ripe to indicate that only those holding to definite
aims should pursue the higher learning? Is it not true that special
culture should be given only to those that wish to use it for the
welfare of the humankind and not to those that wish to use it to
enhance personal fortune or gratify vanity? The business of the
college and university is to train men and women for honorable
competition in serving society. Whatever is revealed of God to a
student in class room, in library, in laboratory, should be given, and
given freely, for the welfare of one's kind. The crime of scholar-
ship in the recent war was the hoarding of scientific knowledge and
using it to destroy, not to conserve life. Shall we not stoutly main-
tain with Whittier that

11 Truth to us and to others is equal and one,
Shall we bottle up the free air or hoard up the sun ? "

Wre also shall insist upon thorough knowledge. The function of
the elementary school is to impart clear knowledge, which is knowing
the thing and not some other thing for it. In the upper grades of the
elementary school should also be taught related knowledge, which is
knowing the thing in its relation to other things in some system or
category of truth. In the secondary school should be stressed ana-
lytic knowledge, which is knowing the thing in its essential parts or
factor or elements. The function of the college and the university is
to secure thorough, exhaustive knowledge, which is knowing the
thing in its causes. This, and this only, is the form of knowing upon
which all specialized knowing should rest. The student receiving the
approval of this College must have attained the ability to distinguish
between logically significant things and mere incidental things. To
see the reason for things is to know in the highest way a human
mind can know. This involves in college the retention of those only
that possess the capacity and industry essential to the mastery of the
things of the college curriculum. We shall not hesitate to rid our-
selves of the student who thinks that to be in residence is to be in
college. College is no place for loafers. They poison the air and
vitiate the atmosphere for those that wish to breathe the clear air of
industry and scholarship. If an education is worth anything, it is
worth working for. It can be acquired in no other way.

320

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

These conditions imply the sacrificing of certain things not infre-
quently regarded as part of the experience of a student in college.
Beyond a training for health and the acquisition of experience in
team work, we shall not stress competitive athletics. I am heartily
in favor of a training that promotes vigor of body and alertness of
mind. Intra-mural athletics have not as yet been stressed as they
can be. When, however, athletic activities interfere with sound
scholarship, this college will have none of it. To be one of a group
studying, reciting and playing is valuable. The essence of American
democracy lies in the fact that we must work together, think to-
gether, play together, pray together for the enduring of the Republic.
A good athlete subordinates his personal comfort, his idiosyncracies,
his willfulness, his caprice to the good of the group, which is the law
of the country. Wisely directed play is thus an important apprentice-
ship of the country.

Moreover, we shall stoutly resist any dissipation of the student's
time or energy. The business of the student is to secure in college
all the knowledge and discipline he is capable of acquiring. What-
ever his maximum is, that he should assuredly attain. Otherwise he
graduates below his best. He is damaged goods, selling at a discount
in all the markets for all times. Such would be a calamity. It is a
matter of note that our graduates for the most part have demon-
strated the wisdom of this set purpose of the College. We shall
endeavor to improve the record.

We need a reconsecration of the ideals of this Republic. War has
shattered and broken the spiritual values that civilization slowly
wrought through the years. We look about and see crime where we
should see regulated and rational behavior. We are paying in this
Republic goodly sums for education, for religion, for charity, but if
we put into one sum all we give for these constructive and humane
forces, — the forces for Christian civilization, — we do not even ap-
proximate the sum we pay for the conviction and the incarceration
of our criminals. Moreover, the pitiful fact is that 71% of all these
criminals are under the voting age. They are the boys and the girls
of this age. They are the potential citizenry of the next age. Surely
we must now devote time, thought, energy to the vitally needed duty
of lessening crime by increasing in the Republic the group that not
only obeys the laws but gives itself heroically to the duty of con-
straining others to obey the laws.

After every great war arises the task of rebuilding the finer things
of the spirit. If this be not done lawlessness runs riot. Finally
industrial crises sweep the country. If, however, a people sense
aright the situation, there arises a great spiritual revival. The people
turn consciously and actively to the rehabilitation, through home and
church and school, of the things of the Kingdom of Righteousness.

To this constructive service Juniata definitely dedicates its complete
resources and hopes to be counted among those agencies that stand
in a crisis for law, — for country, — for righteousness.

Juniata is a college of ideals, of hope, of faith. It is not as
Emerson once characterized education, " a gesture of despair." We
believe in the essential good of youth and in the abiding good of
Christian culture. To the attainment of these ends I solicit most

321

1877 80
78

84-
83-

Beachey, J.W.,Elk Lick, Pa.
Bechtel, Annie, Grafton, Pa.
Beer, J. W., Huntingdon, Pa. 77..

Beery, William,Huntingdon,Pa.
Blough, Perry J. , Johnstown, Pa.
Brumbaugh, Dr.A.B. ,Hunt;,Pa. .77.

Brumbaugh, Gaius M. ,Wash.,D.C.
Brumbaugh, Henry B., Hunt., Pa. 77.

Brumbaugh, Jacob H., "
Brumbaugh, John B.,. ■ 77

Brumbaugh, Martin G.,"
Brumbaugh, S. P., James Creek, Pa.
Buok,Amanda,. New Enterprise, Pa.
Burkholder, Wealthy A. C. Hunt. Pa.
Cassady, John H., Huntingdon, Pa.
Conner, Jacob L. ,E. Coventry, Pa. 75
Eby, Samuel, Huntingdon, Pa.
Emmert, David, Huntingdon, Pa.
Fike, John H., Somerset, Pa.
Pitrwater, Jos. ,Phoenixville,Pa.
Fogelsanger, J. M., Philadelphia.
Poster, Frank, Philadelphia.
Gahagen, William, Windber,Pa.
Geiger, Mary S., Philadelphia.
Gibbel, Henry, Lit it z, Pa.
Grubb, Mary A., Potts town, Pa.
Harley, John, Pottstown,Pa. 7^

Howe, William, Maitland,Pa.
Howe, William M.» Johnstown, Pa.
Holsopple, F.F., Parker Ford, Pa.
Kendig, E.D.,Fishersville,Va.
Kne pper , Lewis S . ,17indbe r , Pa .
Kimmel, C .B.,Elderton,Pa.
Koehigmacher, Edwin,Ephrata,Pa.
Lane, James R., Cora, Pa.
Long, W.Newton, Hagerstown,Md.
Mentzer, A.W., Ehhrata,Pa.
Miller, E.J., Meyersdale,Pa.
Miller, S.J., Meyer sdale, Pa.
Musselman, Hiram, Windber,Pa. 7$ —

Myers, A.Allen, Huntingdon, Pa.
Myers, J.T., Oaks, Pa.
Newcomer, Mrs. Jennie S. ,Kagers 'n,Md,
Oellig, Dr.C.F., Woodbury, Pa.
Oiler, Jacob F. , Waynesboro, Pa.
Oiler, Joseph J., " "

Price, Benj.F., Schuylkill, Pa.
Quinter, James, Huntingdon, Pa.
Reiff, John C .,Yerkes,Pa.
Replogle, Harvey S., Oaks, Pa.
Rohrer, Bessie D. /Waynesboro, Pa.
Ross, J.Jay, Huntingdon, Pa.
Saylor, Jos. E. , Huntingdon, Pa.
Sieber, Harry F. , Philadelphia, Pa.
Stoner, Belinda, Union Bridge, Md.
Stouffer, D.F.,Benevola,Md.
Swayne, D.Y., Huntingdon, Pa.
Swigart, VJ. Emmert, Huntingdon, Pa.
Swigart, William J., " "

Wilt, Ardie E., Altoona,Pa.
Zuck, Jacob K., Huntingdon, Pa. 77,

85 90
84

84.

83 86

84.

-86

■86

81
83-

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77.

-63

84 8

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86
80

95 00 05 10 15 20 25

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23 —

Trustees and Their Term of Service

Adams, Pkorenoe E.
Adams, Raymond,
Arnold, Ella,
Bartheloir, Mary,
Beery, William,
Blough, Jacob M.,
Bogle, Sara C.N.,
Brumbaugh, Dr.A.B.,
Brumbaugh, Henry B. ,
Brumbaugh, I Harvey
Brumbaugh, Jaoob H.,
Brumbaugh, John B.,
Brumbaugh, Martin G.,
Brumbaugh, Normon J.,
Buys, Peter,
Clark, Rose,
Cram, Robert Vinoent,
Crowell, Joseph A.>
Culler, Arthur J.,
Deskey, Mrs .Mary C.D.,
Dupler, Alpheus W. ,
Ellis, Charles C,
Emraert, David,
Evans, Lillian M. ,
Fahrney, Bertha E.,
Fogelsanger, Luella G.,
Gibbons, Helen W.,
Green, F.H.,
Grauer, Ottilie K.,
Hodges, Charles A.,
Haines, Amos H.,
Howe, Elizabeth B. ,
Holsopple, Frank F.,
Hoover, O.Perry,
Howard Besse B. ,
Johnson, Carman C,
Keihner, Tobert Volk,
Kidder, J.W.,
Kurtz, Daniel W.,
Kurtz, Irene F.,
Lyon, G. W. A.,
MoKenzie, Fayette A.,
MoVey, Nellie,
Miller, A.Brown,
Moorehead, Paul G.,
Myers, J.Allen,
Myers, Lois,
Myers, Osoar R.,
Myers, Tobias T.,
Ookerman, J.E.,
Peoht, Ida M. ,
Reber, D.C.,
Reiff, J.C.,

Roberts, Mrs.Kathren F.t
Rowland, Charles L.,
Royer, Galen B.,
Royer, Neta Ruth,
Rupert, Edgar L. ,
Sanger, Homer F. ,
Saylor, Joseph E. ,
Shenok, M&ry c. ,
She e ley, Ella May,
Shively, Charles S.t
Shontz, Mrs .Mattie
Shuss, Let tie,
Silverthorn, Mrs .Cora B.
Snavely, G.W.,
Stayer, J.Clyde,
Swigart, Wm.J.,
Wampler, B.F.,
Wampler, Mrs.B.F.,
Heakley, Phebe W.,
Hardlow, Chester C,
Van Ormer, A.Bunn,
Yoder, J.W.,
Zuok, Jaoob M., April 17,7

1876 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1915 1920 1925

5 8.

7 7.

82_

83.

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1900

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-24

Instructors Who Served Three Years or More

A History of the Church of the Brethren

earnestly the sympathy, the counsel, the help of all good people, and
I invoke the guidance and blessing of Almighty God. With these
strong-sided champions to help, Juniata will carry on.

OFFICERS OF THE TRUSTEE BOARD
(Only the years entered when a change occurs.)

President Vice-President

1878-1881 Henry B. Brumbaugh Daniel F. Stouffer

1881-1884

1884-1895 " Martin G. Brumbaugh

1895-1909 " Jacob H. Brumbaugh

1909-1911

1911-1919

1919-1920 Martin G. Brumbaugh

1919-1920

1921-1924

1924-

Secretary Treasurer

A. B. Brumbaugh John B. Brumbaugh

Swigart

Wm. J

Joseph E. Saylor
J. Allen Myers

Adie H

Ressler

Stoler B. Good
Oscar R. Myers

1893
1895
1897
1898
1902
1904
1905
1908

CONFERENCE ADVISORY BOARD
(Only those years entered when a change occurs.)

James A. Sell William Howe Andrew Bashore

Edmund D. Book

Thomas D. Maddocks
Walter S. Long
Charles L. Buck
David A. Stayer

" Samuel J. Swigart

The Advisory Board was discontinued by General Conference.

a
tt

324

CHAPTER III

District Missionary Work

The first work, when the preacher was called of God to
go forth, by need recognized only by him and not by his
congregation or district, — where the going meant sacri-
fice, exposure, long, lonely and tedious journeys on horse-
back,— when the preacher paid all his expenses and gave
all his time, — whether these faithful ones lived in Lewis-
town (Country) congregation and went across the moun-
tains one direction or the other, — whether they lived in
Bedford County and pushed southward over that vast,
hilly country, — or elsewhere making similar effort, — this
first work is not recorded. All this early endeavor to
establish the kingdom, lives only in the results seen in
later years, — and with the recording angel in heaven.

The first attempt at organized missionary effort was
made in 1874, when the District Meeting was held in the
Upper Codorus congregation (now part of Southern Dis-
trict), but " the move was lost for want of agreement
on a plan."

Then, in 1880, at the meeting held in the Woodbury
congregation, the fifth and last item of business recorded
is this: "Resolved, that we still feel the importance of
missionary work in spreading the Gospel and are not at
all discouraged with the work that has hitherto been
done. We, therefore, recommend the churches all to
work, either in their individual or united capacity. And
we appoint two brethren to respond to the work of those
churches which shall prefer to work in a united capacity,
leaving those churches which prefer to work in their
individual capacity to work as they think proper. In
defraying expenses, those churches which work in a con-
solidated capacity shall pay the expenses of their work,
and all those who work in an individual capacity, shall
pay the expenses of their work."

Thus missionary endeavor in the district was taking
form and with it a sharing of the burden of expense.

325

A History of the Church of the Brethren

"James A. Sell and John M. Mohler were elected mis-
sionaries for one year " to work under this plan.

It should be noted that this organization, crude though
it may appear now, antedates the conference plan of 1884,
which is the foundation of the present General Mission
Board's activities.

In 1885, the Altoona congregation asked that the Glen
Hope Mission be recommended to the General Mission
Board. This was granted.

Then, in 1886, the present plan for organized mission-
ary endeavor in the district was adopted. The district
meeting was held at New Enterprise. And among other
items of business, some time early enough to have a com-
mittee prepare a report for the meeting, this query was
presented from the Huntingdon congregation:

" Whereas, there is at this time no missionary
organization in the Middle District of Pennsyl-
vania for missionary work in this District, or in
places adjacent, should any calls be made for
preaching by the Brethren ; therefore, Resolved,
that the Huntingdon Church ask the coming
District Meeting to re-organize a Missionary
Board, to further home missionary work, or mis-
sionary work within our District/'

This request was granted, and James Quinter, Jacob
F. Oiler and James A. Sell " were a committee appointed
to draft a plan." At a later stage of the meeting they sub-
mitted the following:

1. That a committee of live brethren be appointed by the District
Meeting to constitute a missionary board, and that they be taken
from churches sufficiently near together to save them from going a
great distance to meet for consultation. The committee shall con-
tinue one year.

2. The object of the committee shall be to take into consideration
the wants of weak churches, or churches that need ministerial help,
and to respond to calls to preach the Gospel in the new fields in
which there are favorable openings.

3. And said committee shall elect its officers, which shall be moder-
ator, clerk, and treasurer, and shall, as often as necessary to carry
on its work successfully, hold meetings.

4. That each church adopt some plan to co-operate with the fore-
going board.

5. In regard to collecting funds, we recommend that the Mission-

326

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ary Board above named appoint a solicitor, or solicitors, in each
church to collect for meeting the expenses of the work done. Said
funds to be forwarded to the treasurer.

6. Said committee shall select such brethren to do the missionary
work as it shall judge suitable to the work, and who are sound in
faith and practice. And such a remuneration shall be given them as
will defray their traveling expenses and give them a reasonable
compensation for their time.

The committee elected for one year, with its organiza-
tion, was as follows: Seth P. Myers, Moderator; John B.
Brumbaugh, secretary ; Andrew Bashore, treasurer ; Dan-
iel Landis and William Howe.

The following year (1887) S»eth F. Myers, the moder-
ator, made this report : " On account of the peculiar cir-
cumstances in which the board was placed, not much
work was done." He further said : " There was a good
balance in the treasury and that the prospect for doing
more during the present year was encouraging."

The board had been appointed only for one year, and
so the following was adopted by the meeting:

" In view of the fact that the term of office of those
appointed at the organization of the Mission Board, at
last District Meeting, expired one year from date, and it
being the desire of the district to continue the work,
therefore, be it Resolved, that the officers of the present
board, J. B. Brumbaugh, secretary, and Andrew Bashore,
treasurer, be continued one year, and Seth F. Myers,
chairman, two years, as members, and the other two
vacancies be filled by electing two brethren who shall
serve for a term of three years, and that all their succes-
sors hereafter be elected for a term of three years. The
two members elected were James A. Sell and Samuel
G. Rupert."

The Board had no report to make that year, but James
A. Sell, " a member of the Board, reported several meet-
ings held by himself, being in the field about three weeks
at a cost of $30.00."

But the next year (1889), a well prepared report was
submitted :

1. We had one meeting of the Board, at which time we arranged
to hold meetings at nine different places.

2. The returns from those entrusted with the work show that only
four fields were occupied. One in Bedford, one in Huntingdon, one
in Perry, and one in Blair County.

327

A History of the Church of the Brethren

3. Three dollars' worth of tracts were distributed.

4. No fruits by way of accessions are reported.

5. The expenses, incidental and otherwise, were $68.40.

6. The contributions from all sources during the year were $86.64.

7. Number of churches that contributed, nine.

8. The largest amount contributed by one church, $28.43. The
lowest, $1.50. Number that did not contribute, nineteen.

9. Brother S. S. Gray, and Sister Miriam, his wife, donated to our
mission work a house and lot worth $800 to $1,000.00, more or less.

The summary shows thirty-six meetings held ; cash on
hand, $200.00. A vote of thanks to Brother Gray for the
house and lot was tendered him, and in accord with his
wishes the property was to be sold and the proceeds used
in mission work.

At the time of the division of the District (1892) a
motion prevailed " to divide the funds now in the hands
of the District Mission Board, by the Treasurer, in the
proportion as contributed by the different churches."

Without giving any explanation, the minutes show
that the membership of the Board was reduced from five
to three.

No statement of receipts were made that year. " There
was an opening made during the year at Williamsport,
Bellefonte, and Renover, and five were added to the
church. The work at this point has been neglected on
account of not being able to secure the services of a
suitable brother to labor there. "

In 1913, through a petition from Huntingdon congre-
gation, the Mission Board was increased from three to
five. At this same meeting the bishops of the district
appointed Brice Sell, Tobias T. Myers and Levi Hol-
sin^er a committee " whose duty it will be to visit our
various mission points, and in connection with the Mis-
sion Board, encourage the electing of ministers from their
respective congregations. "

While the foregoing relates, to some extent, to the
work done in an organized way, endeavor made by indi-
viduals, even after there was a missionary board, — such
as has been done by John Bennett, at "Flintstone and
elsewhere in that large field, by Joseph W. Wilt and
Martin S. Henry at Riggles Gap and other points, it is
impossible to reduce to adequate record. In fact, going
back through the years, every new opening which later

328

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

developed into an organized congregation had at its be-
ginning one or more earnest Christians who made sacri-
fice that the work might grow. Much of what is now the
Church of the Brethren in the Middle District of Penn-
sylvania, is due to the same spirit that prompts mission-
ary Boards, a following up of individual effort.

In addition to preaching at missionary points, the dis-
trict has helped to build the following church houses:
first building in Altoona, Bellwood, Tyrone, Riddlesburg,
Stonerstown, and Hollidaysburg.

A general idea of what the District has been doing
through its Missionary Board may be seen in the follow-
ing table of endeavor through the years :

DISTRICT MISSIONARY ENDEAVOR

Expendi-

Year

Receipts

tures

Places'where work'

[was done.

1887

"Not muc

h work done"1. . . . Good balance

in the treasury."

1888

$30.00

"James A. Sell held revival meetings."

1889

62.40

Bedford, Huntingdon, Perry and Blair Cos.

1890

No report recorded.

1891

$150.89

73.81

No report recorded.

1892

86.49

Williamsport, Bellefonte, etc.

1893

142.78

126.18

"Four places under the

Board."

1894

No report recorded.

1895

551.90

Tyrone and Bellwood.

1895

$1303.58

$1278.58

Whole amount received

and expended from August 23,

1892 to May 1, 1895.

1896

$530.82

Tyrone, Bellwood, Stonerstown, Buck Valley

1897

452.39

<< <<

1898

391.26

No report recorded.

1899

535.83

a ti a

1900

704.28

727.73

Tyrone, Bellwood, Stonerstown

1901

632.44

649.57

Partial support is reported thus: Bellwood $200.00,

Tyrone $300.00.

1902

869.88

716.82

Tyrone, Bellwood, Stonerstown

1903

650.92

710.53

(< <<

1904

599.73

555 . 23

a a

1905

653.74

625.21

i t ((

1906

710.94

627.78

ti c<

ley, Ray's Cove

;Clear Ridge, Buck Val-

1907

651.63

566.38

Tyrone, Stonerstown, Riddlesburg, Bellwood

1908

787.14

1048.63

(< <<

[burg

1909

773.26

(t ii

, Hollidays-

1910

580.17

532.27

ii it

ti ii ii

1911

569.00

621.41

it (<

ii it ii

1912

611.84

654.95

<< it

i t ti ti

1913

731.38

764.02

it ii

ii it

1914

701.56

634.94

(< («

ii ii

1915

821.70

733.95

(< (<

[burg

1916

1130.56

985.40

it Ii

, Hollidays-

1917

1407.72

1284.31

(< t i

ti «« ii

1918

1599.82

1154.82

ii ii

ii ii ti

1919

2192.86

1700.89

ii ii

ti ii it

1920

2180.49

1238.13

ii ii

ti << ii

Also Warriors' Mark

1921

3489.46

1928.19

ti ti

" Hollidaysb-'g

1922

2848.34

2109.11

ti ii

ii a it

1923

3592.21

3349.05

ii ii

ii it ii

1924

3844.84

2277.16

ii ii

ii i< ii

329

A History of the Church of the Brethren

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330

CHAPTER IV

Sunday-Schools

" It seems quite certain that to the Church of the
Brethren belongs the honor of introducing Sunday-
schools into the United States. * However, when they
scattered into the wilderness and had no places of wor-
ship except their own small houses, the holding of
Sunday-schools was not attempted.

" This continued throughout several generations at a
time, when there were no schools and most of the people
grew to man and womanhood illiterate.

" Then, too, our people made themselves unpopular and
the butt of derision on account of their opposition to war,
slavery and the distilling, trafficking and drinking of in-
toxicating liquor. This caused them to look with sus-
picion upon all advanced movements and avoid and
frequently oppose them. This was true of education and
Sunday-schools. Such was the irony of fate that the
same church that introduced Sunday-schools did in a
generation or two afterward oppose them.

" However, while this was general it was not universal.
There alwrays was some sentiment in favor of advance-
ment. This continued to grow and began to assert itself
about the middle of the nineteenth century.

" At first the opposition was so strong that they could
not be held in the meeting houses, and a minister could
make himself decidedly unpopular in some localities if he
advocated the introduction of Sunday-schools/' — James
A. Sell.

While the Annual Meeting of 1839, Article 10, "con-
sidered most advisable to take no part in the Sunday-
schools, class meetings, and the like," a few years before
any Sunday-school was started in Middle District she
placed herself (1857) on the right side of the issue in the
following: Article 11. "How is it considered for breth-
ren to have Sabbath-schools conducted by the Brethren?

* Brumbaugh's History of the Brethren, p. 464.

331

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Answer : Inasmuch as we are commanded to bring up our
children in the nurture and admonition of the Lord, we
know of no Scripture which condemns Sabbath-schools,
if conducted in gospel order, and if they are made the
means of teaching scholars a knowledge of the Scrip-
tures." This action " was readopted," (1862, Art. 1) and
in Article 31, same year, she plainly declared, "We con-
sider it right to have Sunday-schools, if conducted by
the brethren."

Six years later (Art. 14, 1868), "We advise, that,
where the nature of the case will admit of it, for brethren
to hold Sabbath-schools, and such school should be
opened by singing and prayer and closed by singing and
prayer, as it may be thought proper, and they should be
superintended by brethren. And we advise the brethren
to be very careful in introducing books, to introduce none
that inculcate doctrines contrary to the gospel." Thus,
in 1870, she considered "it not wrong' to hold Sunday-
schools in the churches. The following year, when pe-
titioned " to recall the privilege granted to establish
Sunday-schools," she answers : " We do not recall the
above privilege, but where the establishing of Sunday-
schools would cause trouble or division, brethren had
better desist from introducing them."

The Christian Family Companion * shows clearly the
struggle that the Sunday-school had to gain the recogni-
tion it justly deserved. Perhaps a few churches east and
west had Sunday-school and kept quiet about it. Any-
how, under the guise of " Bible Classes," as early as 1860,
Plum Creek (W. Pa.) began Sunday-school. The Sams
Creek house, in " Pipe Creek branch," started a Sunday-
school in 1865.f The Philadelphia Church dates earlier.
Dry Valley, in our own district, began Sunday-school,
though not under the supervision of the congregation, as
early as 1860.

The Christian Family Companion represents some very
interesting features of Sunday-school development.
Though the publication began in January, nothing is said
in its columns till June 20 issue, when Samuel A. Moore

* The first weekly publication of the church, begun January 1, 1865, edited and
published by Henry R. Holsinger, at Tyrone, (Pa.) was conducted as an open
rostrum.

t Ibid., July 25, 1865, p. 230.

332

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

reported the organization of the Clover Creek school.*
" How much better," the writer argued, " do all Christian
parents feel when they know that their nearest, as well
as their dearest, offspring are engaged in a work that will
aid them in their eternal happiness. ... Be it under-
stood, we have no union school, ' not with other denomi-
nations/ but union among ourselves, altogether German
Baptists."

This report from Clover Creek stirred up A. P. Fahr-
ney, of Polo, Illinois, who wrote vigorously against the
inroad.f He " lived in that arm (Clover Creek) of the
church," was " personally acquainted with nearly all the
brethren and sisters in that church," and declared he
" had too much confidence in them to believe that they
would ever consent to allow the ' wolf " to come into
their flock." He prepared to " look into this matter a
little deeper," ... and see if it is not quite the reverse '
of what Samuel A. Moore said " Having myself attended
Sunday-school when I was a boy, I have reason to believe
that it is one of the grand means of bringing up our children
in the pride of life, etc., and no sober-minded man of any
experience will deny this fact. . . . This institution is cer-
tainly very highly esteemed among men, ... It equally
meets the approbation of the so-called professors and
non-professors of religion and is looked upon as a
heaven-ordained institution, and this alone should teach
us that it is an abomination with God. How can you more
easily insult some people than to disapprove of their
Sunday-schools."

George S. Myers,J of Lewistown, later in life a most
ardent supporter, was " well pleased with the manner ' in
which the Clover Creek school is reported to have been
conducted, especially " that there shall be no union with
other denominations. . . . When I see brethren's minds
so completely absorbed with the subject of Sabbath-
schools that they will forsake the assembling of them-
selves together at the regular meetings, to attend schools
conducted (in part at least) by those who do not obey
the Gospel, I cannot but conclude that their zeal is not
according to knowledge, etc. . . . One very great objec-

* See Clover Creek.

t Ibid. j July 4 issue, page 207.

X Ibid., July 11, 1865, p. 212.

333

A History of the Church of the Brethren

tion I have to Sabbath-schools is the predominance of a
class of books in their libraries for which I can find no
better name than religious novels. . . . Another, (in
many places) is the blighting influences of evil surround-
ings to which children are subjected on their way to and
from school."

From the same congregation as the former writer
comes the voice of George Hanawalt,* in which he points
out the Biblical ground for teaching children the Bible in
Sunday-school, stressing " religious education of the ris-
ing generation," pointing out vividly that the Sunday-
school is the " principal engine in proselyting their neigh-
bors to their various faiths/' and showing that " in all
ages of the church it has been necessary for the people of
God to remonstrate against error . . . and common sense
would dictate, if nothing else, that the brethren should
give it their attention or they will lack their reasonable
share of proselytes. "

Not until nine months of publication of his paper had
slipped by did that leader of righteous reform in those
early days, Henry R. Holsinger, speak f with the finest
moderation on the Sunday-school question. He makes
fifteen observations that set forth conditions in his day
and then proceeds to point out seven features of " what a
Sunday-school, such as we advocate, should be/'

Later J Samuel B. Furry, of New Enterprise, after
having " the good fortune, by the permission of God, to
visit the Sunday-school in the Clover Creek congrega-
tion," says, among a number of good things, " it shows
that at least the majority of the brethren make an effort
to have their children, as well as their neighbor children,
brought up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord,
. . . and bring their religious influences to bear more
directly upon their neighbors' children, thus forming a
religious society of young men and women."

Next year (March 6, 1866) the same writer from New
Enterprise pointed out " the evils and defects which
mostly adhere to these schools," as follows: (1) The
memory is too much burdened with the retention of

* Ibid., Sept. 5, 1865, p. 276.
t Ibid., Sept. 26, 1865, p. 301.
X Ibid., October 17, p. 324.

334

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

words, or committing to memory without a proper com-
prehension of what is committed instead of exercising the
rational faculty by illustrating facts simplified. (2) Re-
ligious instruction is too much confined to only a few
objects confined within the compass of Divine Revela-
tion. (3) Discussions on systematic theology, too often
take the place of moral instruction addressed to the affec-
tions and the conscience. (4) Catechisms, and other
human traditions, are too frequently made use of, instead
of instructing directly from the Scriptures. (5) Many of
the instructors, however pious and well intended, are de-
ficient in simplifying knowledge, in order to convey clear
conceptions of every portion of knowledge they wish to
inculcate into the juvenile mind."

The great caution with which our brethren moved in
accepting the Sunday-school is finely pointed out in Dan-
iel Snowberger's contributions.* It must be remembered
that he was the first superintendent of the New Enter-
prise school and a leader in many ways in this departure.
" My object," he says, " in taking part in organizing a
Sunday-school in this place was to encourage our youth
to read and study the Scriptures, and to acquaint them-
selves with the doctrines taught therein ; and, upon ma-
ture reflection, I have come to the conclusion that the
Bible and New Testament are the best Sunday-school
books that we could get, and that no other books should
be used, except hymn books to sing from and spelling
books for those who cannot read." Hence he " can see
no necessity for publishing books " to meet the needs of
the Sunday-school, as the editor himself had advocated.
He would impose upon the " parent or guardian " to
supply " such reading matter as he sees proper, for to
read at home, but let the best of all books be used in our
Sunday-schools."

But in spite of the conservatism manifested in the fore-
going, Sunday-schools multiplied in the district, and the
first convention perhaps in the brotherhood, — at least in
the district, was gladly entertained in the congregation
whose sons have meant so much to Sunday-school work,
to education, to the districts and to the Brotherhood. But
let the report speak for itself :

* Christian Family Companion, 18G8, July 28, p. 26G.

335

A History of the Church of the Brethren

SUNDAY-SCHOOL CONVENTION

According to announcement in the Pilgrim, a Sunday-school Con-
vention by the Brethren for the Middle District of Pennsylvania was
held at James Creek, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, October
21, 1876.

Meeting was called to order by Brother George Brumbaugh, after
which Brother John Spanogle was appointed Moderator; Brother
H. B. Brumbaugh, clerk; and Brother J. M. Mohler, secretary.

Brother John Spanogle then addressed the meeting, and explained
the object of a Sunday-school Convention.

The Clerk then read a list of Sunday-school Districts and their
delegates as follows :

Lewistown, J. M. Mohler, Albert Steinberger ; Spring Run, M. F.
H. Kinsel, R. T. Myers; Aughwick, John Spanogle, James Lane;
James Creek, Robert Mason; Bethel, Benjamin Brumbaugh; Manor
Hill, Archie Van Dyke; New Enterprise, Daniel Snowberger, Jacob
Furry ; Waterside, George Brumbaugh, Isaac Replogle ; Lamersville,
not represented ; Huntingdon, J. M. Zuck, J. B. Brumbaugh ; Clover
Creek, not represented ; Cross Roads, not represented.

The delegates then reported (which reports appear in connection
with each Sunday-school under the name of its congregation).

It was moved that a committee be appointed to draft a form of
resolutions and queries to be subject to the adoption, amendment, or
disapproval of the convention. Brethren Daniel Snowberger, J. M.
Zuck, H. B. Brumbaugh and J. M. Mohler were appointed. Meet-
ing then adjourned, for refreshments, by singing a hymn.

Afternoon Session

The meeting was called to order by the Moderator. Hymn was
sung. Report of Committee called for. Read by the Clerk. Sub-
ject to amendment, adoption, or disapproval by the convention.

Resolutions passed for the government of the Brethren Sabbath-
school :

First. Resolved, That we, as teachers, qualify ourselves so as to
be able to defend the doctrine of the Bible in its purity, against all
opposition. Second, That we, as members of the Brethren Church,
take no part in picnics, celebration, church festivals, nor anything of
that nature. Third, That we teach, when called in question, the
characteristics of the Christian, viz. : humility, non-resistance, gentle-
ness of spirit, innocency and plainness of character both in manners
and dress. Fourth, That we instruct our delegates to use their in-
fluence to have our Sunday-schools conducted by members of the
German Baptist Church as far as possible; if not members enough
for teachers, others who are friendly to the doctrine of Christ.
Fifth, That we instruct our delegates to use their influence against
libraries. Sixth, That inasmuch as the lesson leaves published by the
different denominations do not fully meet our views and wants.

Therefore, This meeting agrees to appoint one or more brethren to
prepare lessons for the Sunday-school, to be published in the Young
Disciple, or separately if the demand will justify it.

The convention then appointed the following named as a com-

336

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

mittee : Brethren H. B. Brumbaugh, James Quinter, J. M. Zuck, and
J. B. Brumbaugh.

Query 1 — Is it considered expedient to give liberty to persons not
members of the Church of the Brethren to deliver an address?
Answer — We think it should be left to the discretion of the Super-
intendent in charge.

Query 2 — Are the Lesson Leaves now in use in the Sabbath
Schools beneficial? Tabled.

Query 3 — Would it be best to adopt a uniform or fixed plan for
conducting our Sunday-schools ? Answer — We think it would as far
as circumstances will admit.

Query 4 — What kind of hymns should be used by the Brethren in
the Sunday-school? Brother A. B. Brumbaugh recommended the
Centennial edition of the Service of Song. Brother Henry Harsh-
berger opposed the introduction of any songster; favors the use of
the Brethren's Hymn Book. Brother John Spanogle thinks our
Hymn Book not suitable for Sabbath-schools, but advised the breth-
ren to get up a collection of music. Brethren Daniel Snowberger,
Abraham Myers, Michael Kinsel, James R. Lane, J. M. Zuck, and
H. B. Brumbaugh thought it good to make a selection of music.

Convention then agreed to defer the matter for the present, with
a view of getting up a book of our own.

Query 5 — How can we best secure the attendance of parents and
scholars to the Sabbath-school? This subject was quite freely dis-
cussed by the following brethren : Albert Steinberger, J. M. Zuck,
John Spanogle, Daniel Snowberger, Archy Van Dyke, James Lane
and J. B. Brumbaugh.

Query answered in the following manner : First, Ministers should
feel deeply interested in the youth, believing that the future good of
the church very greatly rests upon them. Hence the necessity of
being well prepared. Second, That parents, as well as ministers, take
no active part in the Sunday-school, by gathering their children to-
gether and taking them to place of meeting. Third, That the breth-
ren and sisters pay special visits to families in the community in
which the Sabbath-school is held, and all children who absent them-
selves on account of poverty, said brethren and sisters are to supply
all that is necessary for their admittance, etc.

Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be sent for publica-
tion in our periodicals.

Having no more business, the Convention adjourned by singing
and prayer.

H. B. Brumbaugh, Clerk.
John M. Mohler, Secretary.

No record has been found indicating a convention was
held in 1877, but one interested in the development of
the Sunday-school will be glad for the account of the
1878 convention which follows:

SUNDAY-SCHOOL CONVENTION
Middle District, Pennsylvania
Pursuant to call in the P. C. (Primitive Christian), No. 39, to hold

337

A History of the Church of the Brethren

a Sunday-school Convention, delegates and others met at the Spring
Run meeting house, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania, on Tuesday
evening at 6 o'clock, October 15th, 1878, Brother M. F. Kinsel, chair-
man of Committee Arrangements, presiding. After devotional exer-
cises, Brother John Spanogle was elected Moderator, Brother S. W.
Bollinger, trans-secretary, and Brother W. J. Swigart, corresponding
secretary; after which the following resolution was adopted:

Resolved, That the presiding officer of this body be termed " The
Moderator," and that all speakers on rising address him as " Brother
Moderator."

A brief and befitting opening address was delivered by Brother
George H. Swigart, and reciprocated by the Convention.

General business being in order, it was decided that delegates only
should vote. That where but one delegate is sent, he has the liberty
to choose a colleague; that when one or two brethren are present
from a Sunday-school whence no delegates have been sent, they may
be considered delegates. A call was made for delegates to report,
with the following response :

Altoona, letter by G. W. Kephart; Aultz Union, Dun-
mere, J. C. Swigart; Bethel, R. A. Zook, Samuel Brumbaugh;
Buffalo Valley, Isaac Heddings, P. H. Beaver; Clover Creek, Samuel
Furry; Carson Valley, name sent by J. A. Sell, but no report; Dry
Valley, Albert Stineberger, Samuel Reichard; Duncansville, letter
by J. A. Sell; Germany Valley (Union), John E. Garver, G. S. Van
Dyke; Hill Valley, W. L. Spanogle, Harry Smelker; Huntingdon,
Ella Brumbaugh, W. J. Swigart; James Creek, Robert Mason,
George Brumbaugh; Lamersville, letter by J. A. Sell; Spring Run,
M. F. H. Kinsel, J. A. Rush; Snyder, letter reported sent, but was
not received by Secretary; Woodbury, Levi B. Replogle, Michael
Bechtel; Waterside, Jacob Furry, Joseph Z. Replogle; Warriors
Mark, Dr. Myers, S. S. Gray.

Wednesday Morning

Convention opened at 9 A. M. with singing and prayer, after which
the following subjects were regularly taken up: "Utility of Sabbath-
schools " was opened by J. E. Garver and fully discussed by several
members.

" Best methods of obtaining attendance in Sabbath-schools," J.
Furry. This subject was discussed by several brethren.

" What are the best methods of instructing children ? " opened by
a paper read by R. A. Zook, and discussed by the convention.

" Should history be taken as authority in teaching Bible lessons ? '
Opened by S. S. Gray.

"What should be the qualifications of Sunday-school teachers?"
Opened by a report submitted by W. L. Spanogle, and was discussed
by the convention.

Adjourned.

Afternoon Session

Afternoon session opened at 2 o'clock, in order. After the reading
of the minutes of the forenoon session, the subject, "What should be

338

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the qualifications of a Sunday-school teacher?" was resumed and
further discussed.

The referred question, "What are the benefits of Sabbath-school
convention," was answered by J. Quinter.

The " Children's Meeting," in the absence of J. M. Mohler and J.
A. Sell, was conducted by J. Quinter and Albert Stinebarger.

Brother Samuel B. Furry read an interesting and instructive paper
on tfie subject, " How can Bible classes be taught most successfully? "

"What should be considered a reasonable excuse for teachers or
officer absenting themselves from the Sabbath-school ? " was referred
to M. F. H. Kinsel. Brother Kinsel thought sickness or accident
were all that should keep one away, and that in all cases of absences
substitutes should be furnished.

The following committee was appointed by the chair to draw up
resolutions expressing the sense of the Convention on the various
subjects that had been before it: R. A. Zook, W. L. Spanogle and
W. J. Swigart.

Upon the whole the audience was large, the order very good, the
subjects ably handled, and a pleasant feeling prevailed.

Adjourned to meet at 6 1/2 o'clock, Wednesday evening.

Evening Session

Convention opened at 6 1/2 P. M. After the reading of the min-
utes of the afternoon, the following committee was appointed to
arrange for the next convention, viz. :

W. J. Swigart, John M. Mohler, Samuel B. Furry, Harry S.
Smelker, James A. Sell, M. F. H. Kinsel and I. S. Reddings (The
last names of committee were since added).

W. J. Swigart read a paper on the proposition, "For what are
church members, and especially parents, responsible with reference
to the Sunday-school." The convention ordered a copy to be sub-
mitted to the editors of the P. C. for publication.

" Would it not be better to designate our Sunday-school repre-
sentatives as ' Messengers ' ; the term ' Delegate ' being offensive to
many of our brethren ? " Opened by P. H. Beaver. Decided by
convention that they may be so called.

The following subjects were referred to the convention:

" What are the uses and workings of Atwater's Sunday-school
government?" and 'What is the propriety or advantage of the les-
son leaves?" discussed by brethren. The subjects elicited consider-
able discussion. Where Atwater's Sunday-school government had
been used it was considered useful. The propriety of the "Lesson
Leaves' was discussed pro and con, and the majority were un-
favorable to their use.

The chairman of the committee read the following resolutions,
which were adopted by the convention, viz. :

Resolved, That we more than ever are convinced of the "Utility
of Sabbath-schools."

Resolved, That in order to induce regular attendance on the part
of the pupils, we feel the importance of making the Sunday-school
interesting and attractive, and urge the regular attendance of parents
and teachers.

339

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Resolved, That we feel more than ever the necessity of adopting
the hest methods of instruction and training the children of our
Sunday-school.

Resolved, That history should be used discreetly in the Sunday-
schools.

Resolved, That the qualifications of the Sunday-school teacher are
first of all a good Christian character, a zealous and discreet desire
to do good, and then a prayerful preparation.

Resolved, That we receive the sentiment expressed in the paper
read by Brother S. B. Furry as profitable admonition in conducting
Bible classes.

Resolved, That we sensibly feel the importance of Sunday-school
Conventions.

Resolved, That we feel to urge upon the general Brotherhood, and
especially the Churches of the Middle District of Pennsylvania, the
necessity of Sunday-school organization, and a representative of
those schools in future Conventions.

Resolved, That although we highly appreciate the labors of these
zealous workers that are with us, we also express our regret that
some of our brethren to whom duties were assigned, could not be
present.

Resolved, That parents and church members are solely responsible
for the success of the Sunday-school.

Resolved, That the thanks of the Convention are tendered to the
brethren of " Spring Run " church for their kind hospitality and
ample entertainment.

Resolved, That a copy of the minutes, as read, be submitted to the
editors of the P. C. for publication.

Closed by singing and prayer.

Adjourned sine die.

John SpanoglE, Moderator, Hill Valley, Pennsylvania.
S. W. Bollinger, Transcribing Secretary, McVeytown, Pa.
W. J. Swigart, Corresponding Secretary, Huntingdon, Pa.

While Middle District of Pennsylvania was, with a few
other districts, forging ahead in the Sunday-school work
it is helpful to note the favorable attitude which General
Conference took during these times in spite of strong
pressure against the Sunday-school in some sections of
the Brotherhood.

In 1880, when a long protest covering a number of
issues came up from Southern District of Ohio, in which
the petitioners state, relating to ounaay-schoois, that
they are " more ot Human origin than by command of
Christ or His apostles, and hence are more of a worldly
custom than a Gospel principle or authority, . . . were
never sanctioned by Annual Meeting, in the way many
are and will be conducted,'' and that Ephesians 8 : 4 is a
command " given to parents, and not to others," the Con-

340

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ference (Sec. 2, 1880) decided that " Sabbath-schools,
when held in the spirit of the Gospel, may be made a
means of bringing up our children in the ' nurture and
admonition of the Lord/ "

Again, while the action of Conference in 1882 (Art. 22)
put an end to conventions, she did not change her favor-
able attitude to the Sunday-school itself, as seen in the
following : ' Answer : However much we are in favor of
Sunday-schools and believe they are promotive of good and
enhance the cause of Christianity (italics by the Editor),
yet the Annual Meeting cannot allow the unnecessary ap-
pendage of Sunday-school conventions which follow the
course of popular Christianity and are contrary to the
principles of the Gospel and contrary to the Scriptures.
See Romans 12 : 2."

The foregoing evidently stopped conventions for a
decade or more, but it did not keep the leaders of Middle
Pennsylvania from studying the question. The Minutes
of the District Meeting of April 18, 1894, give a report
of the Sunday-schools for 1893, of which the following is
the most important part : (Number shows average attend-
ance) Roaring Springs, 61 ; Woodbury, 103, gave $4.49 to
India missions; Altoona, 137; Raven Run, 50, gave $4.58
to India missions; Koonz, 88; Everett, 40; Leamersville,
51, gave $3.00 to India missions; New Enterprise, 150;
Warriors Mark, 58; Huntingdon, 85.

The foregoing were the schools reported. Sentiment
was aroused and the next year thirty-three schools were
represented, though the clerk indicates that some of the
reports " were given at random." For that reason space
is not given to the report here.

But conventions could not be kept down in Middle
Pennsylvania by General Conference decisions, for, in
1898, the " Minutes of the Sunday-school Meeting of the
Central District of Pennsylvania, held in the College
Chapel at Huntingdon, September 8 and 9," supplied by
the then Field Secretary, Walter S. Long, are of more
than ordinary interest. The excerpts from the addresses
are indicative of splendid vision for those days, but this
record must be content with the program. William J.
Swigart called the meeting to order; Walter S. Long
conducted the devotional exercises ; the " minutes of the

341

A History of the Church of the Brethren

former meeting were read and approved ' (But where are
those minutes now? — Ed.) Tellers, A. T. Kockendarfer,
I. J. Long and Lottie Replogle, and the meeting pro-
ceeded to organize, first by the Moderator ruling " that
all persons present who are interested in Sunday-school
work be entitled to vote." Organizations : J. Allen
Myers, Moderator; Josiah B. Brumbaugh, assistant;
Walter S. Long, secretary; Jacob C. Stayer, treasurer.*
Thus runs the program :

Essay — Object of the Sunday-school. Bertha Fahrney, followed
by open discussion by John B. Brumbaugh, Amos H. Haines, Henry
B. Brumbaugh, Otis M. Brumbaugh, William J. Swigart.

Singing by the College Quartet.

Topic — How to secure lesson study? Jacob C. Stayer.

Adjournment for noon hour. Closing prayer by Jacob K. Brown.

At the opening of the afternoon session, which was observed with
prayer by the Moderator, William J. Swigart, Walter S. Long, Amos
H. Haines, John B. Brumbaugh, Henry Shellenberger, Ella Brum-
baugh, Alice Long, Ella Snavely and J. Allen Myers took part in the
discussion.

Topic — How can the Sunday-school be made a help in maintaining
the principles of plainness in the church? Nancy Bennett. General
discussion : Milton C. Swigart, John B. Brumbaugh, Henry B. Brum-
baugh, David Emmert.

Topic — Best methods of inducing liberal contributions. Discussed
by D. M. Gearhart, Amos LI. Haines, Wrilliam J. Swigart, Walter
S. Long.

Singing by the Quartet.

Topic — Election of officers. George H. Swayne. General discus-
sion : Brethren Spidle, Shellenberger and Gearhart, Walter S. Long,
J. Allen Myers and William I. Book.

Essay — Preparing for teaching and work. Alice E. Long.

Singing by the Quartet.

Topic — The Holy Spirit in Sunday-school work. Amos H. Haines.

Singing by the Quartet.

Friday's session was opened by Jesse Ziegler, of Eastern District.

Topic — What constitutes true loyalty toward the Sunday-school on
the part of the officials of the church? Jacob K. Brown. General
discussions : Albert O. Dilling, Henry B. Brumbaugh, Jesse Ziegler,
John B. Brumbaugh, J. Allen Myers.

Singing by the Quartet.

Topic — How to hold scholars till they grow up and become mem-
bers of the church. J. Allen Myers. General discussion : Josiah B.
Brumbaugh, Irvin VanDyke, Isaac B. Book, Amos H. Haines, Jesse

* Evidently Brother Stayer was re-elected, because the convention of 1898, in its
financial statement, says there was a balance of $1.52, which would mean an ap-
pointment the year previous. He served continuously twenty-five years, or until
the new constitution was adopted in 1922.

342

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

B. Emmert, John E. Garver, Ella Snavely, Walter S. Long, William
J. Swigart.

Singing by the Quartet

Topic — The best way of observing Christmas so as to teach chil-
dren the true import of the occasion. David Emmert.

Queries : First. Is it wisdom to change teachers for a class as they
grow older, or retain the same teacher? Josiah B. Brumbaugh.

Second. To what extent should lesson pictures be used in im-
pressing lesson truths? Ella J. Brumbaugh.

Third. What shall we do with parents (members of the church)
who discourage their children uniting with the church ? Jesse Zigler.

Fourth. What methods have you found most successful in build-
ing up a Sunday-school? William I. Book.

The treasurer reported a balance on hand from last year. . $1 52

Collection received at this meeting 10 27

Total 11 79

Four years later, in the District Meeting Minutes,
April 16, 1902, there is a tabulated report of the schools.
It, of course, is for 1901. One column is so full of interest
to all the churches that it is copied here in paragraph
form. It is headed " Per cent, of members attending
Sunday-school." Thus is the report: Altoona, 25%;
Artemas, 53%; Buck Valley, 25%; Hill Valley, 40%;
Germany Valley, 33%; Beech Run, 90%; Black Long,
90%; Enyeart (now Rock Hill), 80%; Ardenheim, 30%;
Clover Creek, 50%; Martinsburg, 50%; Smithfield, 75%;
Claar, 18% ; Leamersville, 40% ; Carson Valley, 58% ;
Everett, 50% ; Fairview (Everett), 60% ; Fairview, 40% ;
Huntingdon, 35% ; Cold Springs, 50% ; James Creek,
90%; Bethel (in James Creek), 95%; Lewistown, 50%?;
Dry Valley, 10%; Bannerville, 90%; New Enterprise,
10%; Raven Run, 12%; Roaring Spring, 32%; Spring
Run, 60%; Aultz, 60%; Pine Glen, 27%; Snake Spring,
40%; Koontz, 56%; Cherry Lane, 20%; Woodbury,
50%; Cross Roads, 25%; Snvder (Woodbury), 20%;
Warriors Mark, 33%; Yellow Creek, 25%; Bethel, 50%;
Bellwood, 25%; Stonerstown, 25%; Tyrone, 50%.

Jesse B. Emmert, secretary that year, declared there
was not one home department ; all schools used Brethren
literature but Ardenheim, Aultz and Pine Glen ; 3.457
enrolled ; average attendance, 2,102 ; teaching force, 277 ;
$1,187.37 collected, and $246.57 given to missions; 100
pupils converted ; nine schools had teachers' meetings ;
the average attendance of the members was 45%.

343

A History of the Church of the Brethren

It was at this same meeting that Jesse Emmert recom-
mended " that the Sunday-schools of the Middle District
of Pennsylvania support a missionary in India." The
meeting enthusiastically approved of the proposition and
instructed the schools of the District to make a selection
" before the next session of the General Missionary
Board.

Here it is proper to record that loving support which
the Sunday-school of the District gave to Jesse B. Em-
mert, their representative on the India Field, as shown
in the amounts forwarded to the General Mission Board
during the earlier years :

1903-'0-l, $100.00; 1904-'05, $100.00; 1905-'06, $250.00;
1906-W, $250.00; 1907-'08, $125.00; 1908-'09, $250.00;
1909-'10, $250.00; 1910-Ml, $250.00, etc. There was no
spurt of enthusiasm, but loyalty to a great cause. Not
until Brother Emmert was compelled to stay at home,
through failing health of his dear wife, who finally passed
to her reward in the late fall of 1924, did the District
cease to support him on the mission field.

The following table is helpful in studying growth of
the Sunday-school movement as revealed under the sev-
eral field secrtaries. Blanks mean no information avail-
able. In the instances of Walter S. Long (1898, W. S.
L.), and Irvin C. Van Dyke (1903, I. C. V.) the record
of the only year available is used. In instances of Milton
C. Swigart (1905, M. C. S.), Edgar M. Detwiler (1911,
E, M. D.), and Ardie E. Wilt (1921, A. E. W.), the last
year of term of service is used. 1923 is the last available
report, and has the handicap of not having a field secre-
tarv but a part of the vear.

1898

1903

1905

1911

1921

1923

AY.S.L.

I.C.V.

M.C.S.

E.M.D.

A.E.W.

No. preaching places

• • • •

....

• ■ • •

No. officers and teachers. .

271*

276*

558

705

694

130

128

162

No. Teachers Meetings. . .

130

128

162

No. Home Departments. .

....

Enrollment

2293

3350

3484

6233

8865

7919

1409

2021

2154

2796

4701

4756

114

155

294

599

383

Money raised in schools...

$640.28

$1779.82

$2014.98

$4250.51

$19060.37

$21902.37

90.19

681.10

753.94

1494.73

5721.80

6103.83

*Just includes teachers

and not

officers.

From Milton S. Swigart's report for 1904 are gathered

344

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

these striking statements : " 48 church houses, 63 preach-
ing places, and only 44 Sunday-schools. Why?" Under
the caption, " Still our Needs are," he recited the follow-
ing : " More Evergreen Sunday-schools ; more specific
work for conversions ; more help from the pulpit ; more
hands willing to work ; more interested workers ; fewer
indifferent church members ; fewer church houses with
no Sunday-school ; fewer persons who do not attend
Sunday-school ; fewer inefficient teachers ; few discour-
aged workers."

From a similar report, in 1906, Edgar M. Detwiler,
under " Worthy of Notice," flashed the following before
the District : " Sunday-school conventions were held at
Raven Run, Roaring Spring, New Enterprise, Sugar
Run, Stonerstown, Lewistown, Bethel, Martinsburg and
Claar." " A number of Normal Classes were organized
during that year." " Your District Secretary visited
twenty-two schools and sent out 145 pieces of mail matter
since April 25." Under " Some present needs ' he em-
phasized "more emphasis from the pulpit; more conse-
crated workers ; more conversions directly in the Sunday-
schools ; more evergreen Sunday-schools ; more training
classes ; more teachers' meetings ; more prayer for the
cause ; more church members in the Sunday-school."

At the 1912 convention, the one at which Ardie E.
Wilt was made field secretary, a district missionary com-
mittee was appointed, composed of three members,
" whose duty it shall be to direct the missionary activities
of the Sunday-schools of the district, to have charge of
the missionary monies of the Association, etc." John C.
Swigart was elected for one year, and served till 1922,
when the plan was changed ; Oscar R. Myers, for two
years; Abraham B. Replogle, for three years. At this
same meeting Edgar Detwiler, under the caption, " A
decade of increase," said " enrolment doubled ; contribu-
tions tripled ; . . . evergreen Sunday-schools increased
from 21 to 39 ; . . . average collection from one to two
cents per week."

At the convention of 1915 a Temperance Committee
was created.

At the 1916 convention the field secretary reported
fifty-five schools in the district, twenty-nine of which

345

A History of the Church of the Brethren

were front-line. Also a " $50.00 scholarship was added
to the J. W. vSwigart Memorial Fund for the purpose of
preparing workers for Christian activity."

At the 1917 convention the field secretary reported
fifty-seven schools represented by actual roll call. The
year revealed that instead of $50.00 set aside for a schol-
arship at Juniata College, that $155.00 had been sent, and
more was assured.

The Sunday-school Convention of 1923 broadened the
basis of their endeavor in the District by adopting the
following revised Constitution :

I. Name. The name of the Committee that shall direct the work
contemplated shall be " Sunday-school Board of the Church of the
Brethren of Middle District of Pennsylvania. "

II. Membership. The Board shall consist of five members so ap-
pointed by this convention that the time of one member expires each
year. No member of the Board shall succeed himself in office.

III. Organization. Immediately after appointment each year the
Board shall organize by electing a president, a secretary and a
treasurer.

IV. Meetings. The Board shall meet quarterly or oftener to
transact business coming before them and to study and develop the
work assigned them.

V. Duties. It shall be the duty of this Board:

1. To provide for the work now done by the Field Secretary.

2. To make a careful survey of the District and its needs.

3. To organize measures for a vigorous prosecution of its work.

4. To provide program and have charge of these conventions.

5. To submit in print a report of progress to this convention.

6. To nominate two for each vacancy on the Board to this con-
vention.

Under the new organization the superintendents of
departments and other officers of the District were all
dropped and the entire work was placed upon the follow-
ing five members, who organized as follows: Benjamin F.
Waltz, president; Grace B. Stayer (now Mrs. Foster B.
Statler, of Johnstowm, Pa.), secretary-treasurer; Charles
C. Ellis, Lawrence Ruble and Mrs. Ruth Laher. During
the summer of 1924 Foster B. Statler served as field secre-
tary and reached nearly all the schools in a flying cam-
paign. Through the removal of the secretary-treasurer
from the District, Russel B. Stambaugh was appointed to
serve out her term and is given the same office.

In 1919, while yet field secretary, Ardie E. Wilt began

346

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the agitation of a home for missionaries from the foreign
field on furlough. His plea may be epitomized into these
few words : " Our missionaries come home for a year or
two to rest ; but they have no home. Let us build one at

Building Committee of the Mission Home
Beginning at left: Benjamin F. Waltz, Ardie E. Wilt, Galen B. Royer

Huntingdon and give these worthy ones a home free of
rent, — a good home."

At the Spring Run convention, August 19 and 20, 1924,
the committee — Ardie E. Wilt, Benjamin F. Waltz and

The Mission Home

Galen B. Royer — appointed in 1922 to look after the erec-
tion of the building for the Sunday-schools of the Dis-
trict, were instructed to go ahead and erect the proposed

347

A History of the Church of the Brethren

mission house. At once the contract was let, and by the
time this history is in the hands of the readers it is
planned that the building will be completed. Juniata
College purchased a beautiful location at the corner of
Washington and Eighteenth Streets, two blocks west of
the college campus. The building faces the south. It
provides four independent apartments, each having four
rooms and a bath ; when needed, two more apartments,

— □ p —

/BACK POAKCH

FRONT VERANDA

-Q-

MI5S/0/V

-Q

HO/V)£ AT

VtrH STREET.

The Floor Plan

not quite so large, may be completed in the front part of
the basement. The building is forty-eight feet square,
brick veneered. A more, loving token of appreciation to
all the foreign missionaries can hardly be imagined.

Walter J. Hamilton, field secretary of Western District
of Pennsylvania for a number of years, has been engaged
for the same kind of work for half his time in Middle
District. He entered upon his duties March 1, 1925.

348

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

SUNDAY-SCHOOL CONVENTIONS IN MIDDLE

PENNSYLVANIA

Field Secretary

1876

Oct. 21

James Creek

1878

Oct. 15

Spring Run

1879

Jan. 14

Leamersville

1896

Nov. 20

Altoona

1897

Sep. 9-10

Everett

1898

Sep. 7-8

Huntingdon

Walter A. Long

1899

1900

1901

Aug.

Woodbury

Jesse B. Emmert

1902

Aug.

Spring Run

1903

Irvin C. VanDyke

1904

Milton C. Swigart

10.

1905

Aug.

Clover Creek

11.

1906

Aug.

Altoona

Edgar M. Detwiler

12.

1907

Aug.

Claar

13.

1908

Aug.

Lewistown (Country)

14.

1909

Aug.

Curryville

15.

1910

Aug.

16.

1911

Aug. 30-31

Huntingdon

17.

1912

Aug. 28-30

Altoona

Ardie E. Wilt

18.

1913

Aug. 26-28

Everett

19.

1914

Aug. 25-27

Roaring Spring

20.

1915

Aug. 24-26

Williamsburg

21.

1916

Aug. 29-31

Lewistown

22.

1917

Aug. 28-30

Stonerstown

23.

1918

Aug. 27-29

Altoona

24.

1919

Aug. 26-29

Huntingdon

25.

1920

Aug. 24-26

New Enterprise

26.

1921

Aug. 23-25

Woodbury

27.

1922

Aug. 29-31

Lewistown

Galen B. Royer

28.

1923

Aug. 28-30

Martinsburg

Kenneth Bechtel

29.

1924

Aug. 19-20

Spring Run

Foster Statler

349

A History of the Church of the Brethren

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351

CHAPTER V

Ministerial Meetings

At the District Meeting held May 15, 1889, in the
Clover Creek congregation, a program committee was
suggested (names not recorded), and it had printed the
following announcement :

BRETHREN'S MINISTERIAL MEETING

For The
MIDDLE DISTRICT OF PENNA.,

To Be Held In The

JAMES CREEK CHURCH

Dec. 12, 13 and 14, 1889

Wednesday evening, Preaching.

OPENING, THURSDAY MORNING.
Session at 10 o'clock.

1. Organization and Statement of Object of Meeting.

2. How Shall We Retain Our Children in the Church ?

Jacob Hollinger, John Beaver.

3. Methods of Church Work. J. F. Oiler, G. W. Brumbaugh.

Afternoon Session

4. Preacher's Preparation of His Work.

S. G. Rupert, D. S. Clapper.

5. The Character and Deportment of the Minister.

George Brumbaugh, E. D. Book.

6. Preaching to Preachers. William Howe, J. B. Replogle.

Evening Sermon

FRIDAY — Morning Session

7. Revival Meetings. J. Snyder, James A. Sell.

8. Best Literature for Preachers Who Have Little Time to Read.

C. L. Pfoutz, H. B. Brumbaugh.

9. Preachers' Helps, What Should They Be?

J. W. Wilt, James R. Lane.

Aeternoon Session

10. Wrhat Should Our Ministers Teach in Regard to Church
Finances? Brice Sell, Thomas B. Maddocks.

11. The Basis of the Preacher's Power.

Andrew Bashor, W. J. Swigart.

352

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

12. How to Conduct Church Meetings.

J. W. Brumbaugh, S. S. Gray.

Evening Sermon

SATURDAY— Morning Session

13. How to Preach. J. B. Fluck, J. A. Myers.

14. What Should Be the Relation of Our Ministers to the Sunday-
school and Prayer Meeting? S. F. Myers, J. Z. Replogle.

The Committee said, in connection with the announce-
ment, " They did the best they could in having the near
surrounding churches represented by at least one on the
program from each church. While it was impossible to
place all, it is hoped that none on this account will remain
away, as there will be general discussion on all the sub-
jects named, in which every one can take part. It is de-
sired that all of our ministers who can do so will be at
the meeting."

The meeting was organized on Thursday morning.
The minutes state it thus : " According to previous notice,
a Ministerial Meeting was organized by electing Brother
William Howe, moderator; H. B. Brumbaugh, assistant
moderator; John B. Fluck, secretary. About twenty-one
ministers were present. Brother Howe stated the object
of the meeting/'

At the next meeting (22 ministers present) the secre-
tary, James A. Sell, epitomized what Thomas B. Mad-
docks said the object of the meeting was:

First. To bring us nearer to each other in feeling and practice.

Second. To raise the standard of holiness among us.

At this meeting " H. B. Brumbaugh made an explanation of the
Bible session to be held in the Normal at Huntingdon, January
5, 1891."

It was also unanimously decided to " hold two ministerial meetings
each year, one in the east end of the district and the other in the
west and extending the same privileges that we now have."

The secretary, at the close, wrote in the minutes thus : " The meet-
ing was pronounced by one and all who were present to be the best
and most enjoyable meeting they ever attended.

Is this a shadow faint and dim of that which is to come?

What shall the unveiled splendor be of our celestial home

Where waves the golden tree of life and all its streams gush free,

And all is glowing in the light of immortality."

In 1892, at Hill Valley, there was a departure of un-
usual type for those times, when Seth F. Myers made an

353

A History of the Church of the Brethren

" address of welcome," and a " Response " was given by
J. W. Brumbaugh. At this meeting, too, three of the
fourteen topics discussed were on the Sunday-school.
Then, in 1896, at Altoona, all of Friday's session, — fore-
noon, afternoon and evening, was devoted to the Sunday-
school. This, the first all-day session in behalf of Sunday-
schools, has continued to the present in the form of our
August conventions.

In 1900, the Ministerial Meeting sessions were cut from
three to two days. In 1903 they were reduced to a day
and a half. In 1910 it united with the District Sunday-
school convention, and the two were held in August,
instead of November. The Ministerial Meeting had
Wednesday evening and Thursday, while the Sunday-
school had Thursday evening and Friday for sessions.
In 1913 an Educational program was placed between the
ministerial and Sunday-school programs, and the min-
isterial meeting was reduced to Tuesday evening and
Wednesday forenoon.

Because of lack of attendance and interest the Minis-
terial Meeting of 1922 thought to better itself by becom-
ing a part of the District Meeting Program, and in 1923
held its first session in April.

One cannot go over the annual programs of this organ-
ization for a generation without being deeply impressed
with the zeal and vision which those attending regularly
had. There were a number of faces who were seen at
almost every session during these thirty-five years, and
these are the ones who have been pillars in the district, —
who were known beyond the bounds of the district. The
very fact they attended regularly and exchanged thought
on the various subjects vital to Christianity made them
more efficient at home, and enlarged their usefulness
away from home. There have been more real growth and
help in the Ministerial Meetings than the preacher, who
has not been attending regularly, thought.

354

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

PLACES, DATES, AND NAMES OF MODERATORS OF THE

MINISTERIAL ASSOCIATION

Churches
James Creek
Maitland
Clover Creek
Aughwick
Woodbury
James Creek
Snake Spring
Altoona

New Enterprise
Dry Valley
Learners ville
Everett
Clover Creek
Fairview
New Enterprise
Roaring Spring
Aughwick
Snake Spring
Altoona
Clover Creek
Lewistown
Claar

Huntingdon
Altoona
Everett

Roaring Spring
Williamsburg
Lewistown
Stonerstown
Altoona
Huntingdon
New Enterprise
Woodbury
Lewistown
Spring Run
Stonerstown

Dates
December 12-14
December 18-20
November 25-27
November 2- 4
November 22-24
October 17-19
November 20-22
November 18-20
November 7- 9
November 18-20
November 22-24
November 22-23
November 21-22
November 26-27
November 18-19
November 3- 4
November 15-16
November 22-23
November 20-22
November 18-19
November 17-18
Aug. 31, Sept. 2
August 30-31
August 28-29
August 26-27
August 25-26
August 24-25
August 29-30
August 28-29
August 27-28
August 27-28
August 24-25
August 23-24
August 29-30
April 18-19

April 8-9

1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924

Moderators
Henry B. Brumbaugh
Jacob F. Oiler
James A. Sell

John B. Fluck
James A. Sell
William J. Swigart
James A. Sell
William J. Swigart
John B. Fluck
William J. Swigart

James A. Sell
John Bennett
James A. Sell
John B. Brumbaugh
William J. Swigart

James A. Sell
Henry B. Brumbaugh
James A. Sell
William J. Swigart

Albert G. Crosswhite

William J. Swigart
Walter S. Long

J. Allen Myers
Ira C. Holsopple
Charles O. Beery
Galen K. Walker
Joseph W. Wilt

355

CHAPTER VI

Sisters' Aid Society

The "weaker vessel," it would appear, the brethren
purposed to keep weak. They were in authority and took
literally, as well as conscientiously, Paul's words, " let
them keep silence " to the extent that the sisters' only
function was to cook meals and keep quiet. And what a
struggle these " weak ones " have had to wedge them-
selves into the recognition they now enjoy.

First, as far back as 1885, at the missionary meeting at
Mexico, (Pa.), General Conference, a few fearless ones
undertook to do something besides keeping quiet. But
in all well-meaning on the part of the Standing Com-
mittee, they were forbidden public service, and just per-
mitted to give their hard-earned savings to the mission
work of the church.

P>ut these "weak ones" had strength, and this quality
manifested itself in humble courage to press forward and
faith to abide the time when they would come into their
own. Their courage was seen in the fact that some of
them went home from the Mexico conference and in less
than two months organized an Aid Society in Altoona ;
and a little later another at Huntingdon. In Altoona they
called themselves a Sewing Society, and the first article
made and sold was a white apron for twenty-eight cents.

The Huntingdon sisters had been, for four years, work-
ing in an unorganized way. Even then, they met occa-
sionally and, through committees appointed, visited the
sick and helped the poor during the winters. They were
party to starting the Huntingdon orphanage in 1881.
And finally, in September, 1885, they also organized into
an Aid Society.

About this same year, — date not definitely known, — a
society was formed at Clover Creek. Then, as far as the
District is concerned, these three were the lone societies
until 1898, when Tyrone and Leamersville organized.

In the meantime a query from some district went to

356

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

General Conference, and it was answered favorable to the
societies. " Is it right/' asked the query, " according to
the spirit of the Gospel, to have sewing societies in the
church ? " " Yes ! " said the Conference, " if the sisters
labor in union with the Church as expressed in the coun-
cil and according to the principles of the Gospel. " — Min-
utes of Conference, Art. 6, 1895. This decision helped
where sentiment was favorable to the societies.

In 1912, some sisters gathered at the Conference and
elected Mrs. Walter Keller, president, and Mrs. Olive
Dupler, secretary, as the beginning of a general organ-
ization. Through this secretary a sister was appointed
in each district to develop sentiment and take steps
towards organization. Esther S. Sell was appointed for
Middle District in 1913, and served eight years. During
this time no delegate meeting was held, but sometimes
the sisters who were at a District Meeting would get
together and talk over the work in an informal way.

In 1821, Sister Sell having resigned on account of her
health, Mrs. Anna M. Royer was appointed secretary by
the general organization. She called a delegate meeting
in connection with the District Meeting that year at
Twenty-eight Street, Altoona. Mrs. Alice A. Long was
appointed secretary for this meeting. The following year,
at the Spring Run District Meeting, another delegate
meeting was held, at which the following organization
was effected: Mrs. Anna M. Royer, president; Mrs. John
Breinninger, vice-president; Mrs. Sannie Shelly Beery,
secretary; Airs. Eleanor J. Brumbaugh, corresponding
secretary ; Mrs. Viola Myers, treasurer. On April 8, 1924,
from 1 : 30 to 3 P. M., the sisters held their first public
program at the District Meeting held at Stonerstown.
It was as follows :

Mrs. Anna M. Royer presided.

Mrs. Sarah Shelly, of Fairview congregation, conducted the devo-
tional.

The Early History of the Aid Society — Mrs. Eleanor J. Brumbaugh,
of Huntingdon.

The Present Day Work and Possibilities — Mrs. Sannie Shelly Beery,
of Juniata.

Reading, "The Sisters' Aid "—Mrs. Cora Bennet, of Altoona.
Special Music.

357

A History of the Church of the Brethren

The treasurer reported that the total receipts from the societies for
the District was $3,881.76. There were 419 members in the
twenty-two societies of the District.

SISTERS' AID SOCIETIES
Date of Organization according to reports in this History.

1. Altoona, First Church July

2. Huntingdon Sep.

3. Martinsburg

4. Tyrone Between 1

5. Leamersville June

6. Lewistown Oct.

7. Raven Run Apr.

8. Roaring Spring May

9. Stonerstown

10. Everett

11. Spring Run Feb.

12. Juniata Park Feb.

13. Hollidaysburg Dec.

14. Riddlesburg Jan.

Aughwick
Ardenheim
Artemas
Dunnings Creek

21,
18,

897

25,

2,
1,

1885
1885
1890
1899
1898
1902
1903
1903
1904
1904
1905
1908
1908
1910

15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.

Fairview Apr. 13, 1910

Burnham Apr. 14, 1910

Carson Vallev June 22, 1911

Clover Creek May 12, 1912

Koontz Oct. 23, 1912

Woodbury Feb. 19, 1913

New Enterprise Mar. 22, 1913

Albright Sep. 1913

Bellwood Mar. 19, 1914

Williamsburg Mar. 7, 1917

Altoona. 28th St Aug. 14, 1916

Dry Valley Dec. 31, 19U

Snake Spring Apr. 25, 1921

Curryville. Mar. 16, 1922

Societies in the following:

Cherry Lane
Claar

James Creek
Lower Claar

Queen
Smithfield
Warriors Mark
Yellow Creek

358

CHAPTER VII

Old Folks' Home

The Duncansville Church, soon after the division of
the State into districts was made, asked the District
Meeting to consider the propriety of establishing a home
for the aged poor of the fraternity. The request received
but slight attention, and was deferred indefinitely.

In 1880, the Huntingdon Church sent to the District
Meeting the following : " We favor the establishing of a
1 Home ' somewhere in the West, for the benefit of the
poor and infirm of our fraternity, and recommend the
project to the favorable consideration of our District
Meeting."

The meeting decided " That the delegates take the
resolution home with them and submit it to their re-
spective churches, and have them consider the subject,
and then have the matter more fully discussed at the next
District Meeting."

The project did not come up again till 1891, when Lew-
istown Church " petitioned District Meeting to take
measures to erect a home." Jacob F. Oiler, Andrew
Spanogle, Michael H. Bashore, John B. Fluke and Henry
B. Brumbaugh were appointed a committee " to carefully
study the manner of conducting a house of this kind and
prepare a plan to complete for its erection and maintain-
ance, with constitution and by-laws, and that it be pub-
lished before March 1, 1891; and that this report be
examined, discussed and acted upon by the next District
Meeting, the churches instructing their delegates for or
against the measure with suggestions for amend-
ments, etc."

At the District Meeting of 1892 the whole subject was
deferred. Representatives from the several districts of
Maryland were present "to confer in regard to uniting in
the erection and maintaining of a Home, committees to
represent the dividing of the Districts were appointed for
this purpose, and that arrangements might be made to
push the work forward."

359

A History of the Church of the Brethren

The Altoona Church sent this resolution to the District
Meeting of 1893 : " This church is favorable to a Home
for Old Folks and willing to contribute to its erection ;
but not favorable to uniting with more than one or two
other districts. " Andrew Spanogle, representing the
committee, said " the difficulty in doing anything was
the locating, and therefore nothing was accomplished/1
This meeting appointed Andrew Spanogle, Alfred O.
Billing, Henry B. Brumbaugh, Joseph VV. Wilt, and
George S. Myers as a committee " whose duty it will be
to locate and make all necessary preparations for build-
ing and furnishing such a home. The location and build-
ing shall be of such a character as will meet the present
needs, and so planned that it can be enlarged as the in-
creasing wants may depend. And that the funds needed
shall be raised by individual subscriptions, donations and
endowments."

The committee reported at the District Meeting of 1894
that it had " purchased a large brick house in Shirleys-
burg. . . . $2,000.00, which, when built, cost over $6,-
000.00, and as it is in excellent condition the committee
feels that they have succeeded in giving the District a
very good and cheap home. The Committee also had the
District canvassed and raised $2, 384.45. " The committee
was discharged and five trustees were elected, as follows :
Andrew Spanogle, five years ; Henry B. Brumbaugh, four
years ; Albert O. Dilling, three years ; James E. Long, two
years, and Joseph W. Wilt, one year. The trustees em-
ployed Seth F. Myers as steward, and the home, called
" Rockview Old Folks' Home," was opened. First year
expenses were $234.00, and steward's salary, $300.00.

In 1899 the trustees asked " to solicit means looking to
the building of such annexes as may be deemed neces-
sary," though they would not go ahead and build without
further instructions. In 1901 a change of location was
considered to such an extent that Henry B. Brumbaugh,
Albert O. Dilling, and John S. Hershberger, were ap-
pointed as a committee to co-operate " with the trustees
as to receiving persons other than our own members . . .
so long as it does not interfere with the needs of our own
District."

The committee appointed at the previous meeting re-

360

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ported to the District Meeting, 1902, " that the buildings
at Shirleysburg would soon need considerable repairs ;
. . . no convenient method of supplying water and sewer-
age ; . . . and being three stories was not so well adapted
for aged and infirm persons; neither was the location cen-
tral in the District. Therefore, we decided to locate at
Martinsburg, if grounds could be secured." It further re-
ported that it did purchase a parcel of ground by agree-
ment, and sold the Shirleysburg property for $2,160.00
cash. A financial statement " of funds in sight," is as
follows :

By Will $300.00

Promised by Harrisburg and

Vicinity 300.00

Promised to solicitors, about.. 900.00

Amount in bank 2,367.74

$3,867.74

Less indebtedness 746.65

$3,121.09
John Bsnnktt, Secretary.

At this District Meeting " reason not given, Duncans-
ville respectfully request to discontinue the Home." This
petition was lost.

The next year the trustees made a report, of which this
is a summary, of the cost of the new home; a brick
veneered two-story building, 32 x 64 feet :

ing, fencing, etc 1,814.1^

Cost of grounds $537.97

Basement, walls, heating, plumb-

Contract for new building 4,691.98

Other items in total 101.05

$7,145.12

Total indebtedness on the New Home $2,923.76

This new home, to be known hereafter as the " Morri-
son's Cove Home/' was dedicated August 12, 1903, Wil-
liam J. Swigart leading in the services.

361

A History of the Church of the Brethren

In 1909 the trustees reported " the pressing need of
ability to make room or enlarge their buildings, . . . for,

Two Views of the Morrison's Cove Home for the Aged, at Martinsburg

during the year just closed, fifteen applicants for admis-
sion had been turned away." The next year the report
says twenty were rejected for want of room. " An en-

362

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

thusiastic discussion followed, . . . the meeting express-
ing itself in sympathy with the work, and a motion pre-
vailed to solicit funds to justify a forward movement in
building."

The following year (1912), the trustees reported the
erection of a new building, 32 x 64, costing $4,011.31. The
building committee consisted of Aaron B. Mock, James
Wineland, Jeremiah Klepser, John B. Miller, Jacob Gal-
ley, and Daniel B. Maddock. The last named made the
plans for the building. The response from the congrega-
tions were so hearty that but $1,650.00 of debt rested on
the building when it was occupied, and this was cancelled
by District Meeting, 1921.

At the 1912 District Meeting a petition from Western
District was presented in which they would unite with
Middle in having a home. Brice Sell, William S. Ritchey
and Leonard F. Holsinger were appointed a committee to
co-operate with the trustees in conference with Western
District and report in one year. They reported they saw
no way of uniting, and the matter was deferred one year.

Donation day was suggested in 1913, and proved very
helpful from year to year. In 1920 Joseph W. Wilt sug-
gested a reunion of the churches at the Home. This
" Old Folks' Home Day ! proved so enjoyable and profit-
able that the District Meeting of 1921 adopted the fol-
lowing resolution, presented by James A. Sell : " that
this meeting authorized the trustees ... to arrange an
appropriate program, appoint a day and circularize the
District, inviting all churches, Sunday-schools, Christian
Workers' Meetings and Bible Classes to bring their ala-
baster boxes as offerings to pour upon the Saviour in the
person of our aged poor."

The total of the financial statement to District Meeting
of 1921 shows the following, for the year ending Febru-
ary 15, 1924:

Receipts $6,685.60

Expenditures 6,203.15

Balance on hand $482.45

Endowment $5,500.00

Capacity of the Home, — 50.
Building not fully occupied.

363

A History of the Church of the Brethren

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364

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

TERM OF SERVICE OF STEWARDS

Walter S. Long began April 1, 1894

1897
1900
1903
1911
1913
1915
1919
1922

Samuel S. Long
John E. Garver . . .

Joseph Gates

Isaac Metzker
Elmer Snowberger

George Davis

Isaac Showalter . .
Jacob S. Showalter

• i

The Morrison's Cove Orphans' Home

363

CHAPTER VIII

Child Rescue Work

Whatever sentiment in favor of Child Rescue Work
may have prevailed in the hearts of individuals in the
District prior to 1915 is not known, for it did not take
definite form until that year, when Walter S. Long, of
Altoona, presented the following:

" Inasmuch as there are an increasing number of in-
stances among us of children not receiving the care they
should have, because of being orphans or from other ap-
parent reasons, and whereas we believe it is the duty of
the Church to aid in this matter, and further, this District
not now having any channel through which we can meet
this need, therefore, resolved, first, that this District
Meeting assembled at Huntingdon, request the various
churches through this delegate body to consider the ad-
visability of making provisions for this District to prop-
erly care for this distressing condition and report to the
District Meeting one year hence. Second. That a com-
mittee of three be appointed at this meeting to secure in-
formation, or probably plan for this action and report at
next District Meeting, also for consideration/'

The response of the meeting is characterized in the
minutes as " marked degree of sympathy," and a " strong
vote " approving of the request. In compliance with the
paper, Walter S. Long, Albert G. Crosswhite and Jennie
Baker were appointed a committee to carry out the pur-
poses set forth, and Child Rescue Work in the District
had begun.

The next year (1916) the committee reported "merely
a beginning/' and it was instructed " in co-operation with
the trustees of Morrison Cove Home, to present at next
District Meeting a suggestive or tentative plan providing
for Child Rescue Work."

At the meeting, 1917, it was decided to establish the
Home under consideration at Martinsburg, (Pa.). That
it be secured and directed by management or trustees of

366

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the Home for Aged and Infirm at Martinsburg, " Morri-
son's Cove Home." That it is proposed to provide for
orphans and other children of need of the Church of the
Brethren, also for other children within, or apart from
this District when there is room and means to make it
possible and practical to care for them. That the said
trustees be now authorized to proceed at once to solicit
the District by free will offerings, in order to secure funds
for the maintenance of the Home herein considered."

Because some members have been contributing to the
Orphanage at Huntingdon with the understanding that it
belonged to the Church or District, it was especially an-
nounced at this meeting that it was a county institution.

To the District Meeting of 1918 it was reported that
one child had been placed in the home of Frank E. Bru-
baker. Moses R. Brumbaugh was made a member of the
committee in place of Albert G. Crosswhite, who had
moved out of the District.

During the next year a charter had been secured,
$o00.00 had been given on an annuity plan, and four
children had come to the home, two of whom had been
placed.

The need of a detention home was presented to the 1920
meeting. The committee was instructed to ascertain the
possibilities of affiliating with eastern and western dis-
tricts in this work, but this was reported not feasible, the
following year, and a request was renewed for a detention
home. This need was emphasized in 1922 ; John C. Swi-
gart was made field secretary ; three children were given
permanent homes within the year just expired.

During the ensuing year (reported at District Meeting
of 1923) the "trustees selected a home, containing a
dwelling and twenty-seven acres of land for $7,800.00."
This was accepted and provisions made that hereafter
" the committee shall consist of two brethren and two
sisters."

Because the building purchased was not given till
December. 1923, the Trustees had little to report. But,
beginning with November 1, 1 924, Frank E. Brubaker and
wife took charge of the home and hereafter children will
have a good detention home. No financial statement has
yet been published.

367

A History of the Church of the Brethren

The children who have been received and given homes
are as follows :

Name of Children

Age

Permanent Home

Charles Rheam

Frank E. Brubaker

William Glass

In State Institution for feeble
minded.

Virginia Viola Glass

Isa Bechtel

Lester A. Glass

Russel Snyder

Chester P. Glass

Adam K. Frederic

Gerald Ritchey

Charles Bloom

Dollie L. Dick

Mrs. Sarah Kayes

Mary E. Dick

Not located permanently

Martha Dick

<< tt a

368

CHAPTER IX

Some Observations*

It will be observed that all through the history an
analysis of the events and facts has been rather studiously
avoided. In the biographical section, words of commen-
dation are for the most part absent. The Editor has
tried to record what has been done, and let the reader
draw his own conclusions.

But should he lay down his pen without pointing out
some things he has observed, some problems pertinent to
the future welfare of the Church of the Brethren, and
drawing some conclusions which he believes the facts
justify? This history will fail in its purpose if its readers
are not led to profit by the past in their endeavor to fulfil
the prayer, " Thy kingdom come."

Let some of the praiseworthy things be considered first.

Middle District of Pennsylvania will always be men-
tioned in most kindly terms, because within its bounds
have originated the following, which have resulted in
large and favorable results for the Church and the
Nation :

First. The first (and likewise the second) weekly
church paper started in this district. A monthly had
been conducted in Ohio for over a decade. It was a peri-
odical with views perhaps far enough advanced for its
day, but whose vision was hardly broad enough to make
for real leadership. It was the church's best paper, be-
cause there was none other.

It required no small courage to start a weekly paper in
those times. The Middle District permitted Henry R.
Holsinger to start one " at his own discretion," f thereby
seeking to wash its hands from any liability that might
grow out of its publication. That weekly, far more than
the monthly preceding it, opened the door to what is now
our splendid catalog of church papers. Following in its

* This, the last chapter prepared for this book, was completed, by the grace of
the Heavenly Father, March 16, 1925. — Editor.
f Minutes of 1864, Art. 3.

369

A History of the Church of the Brethren

train came the hymn-book, the almanac, young people's
paper and quarterlies. This District did her share in sup-
porting the weekly, and may justly commend herself
because it is the home of the first weekly church paper.

Quinter and Brumbaugh Brothers followed in the pub-
lication business. All three were good writers. James
Quinter wrote an able treatise on the history of baptism.
His daughter, Mary, wrote a biography of her father, and
included some sermons. Henry B. Brumbaugh wrote the
Church Manual, a most useful book until recently, when
it was succeeded by another prepared under the direction
of the Conference. He also wrote a fine book of fiction,
based on the Bible character, — Onesimus. In this Dis-
trict, also, lives James A. Sell, who published a book of
poems, — a real expression of his heart for the larger and
finer things of life. He also wrote a small pamphlet about
a couple of children lost in the Alleghanies. Martin G.
Brumbaugh, of towering intellect, wrote, with splendid
survey, a general history of the early activities of the
Church of the Brethren, a work of authority always.
True, many other volumes have come from his ready
pen, most of which have touched the larger life of the
nation, — such as his " Making of a Teacher/' and a number
of text-books for schools. Tobias T. Myers published a
book of " Last Things," and very recently a Life of Christ
for class use. Charles C. Ellis has, within the last five
years, produced a devotional book of super-merit, as well
as a pamphlet that is distinctive in its field. Adaline Hoff
Beery, (a western born lady), while living in the district,
published a volume of poems, much of which is real
poetry, and not rhyme. Her husband, William Beery,
wrote sacred songs the church loved to sing, and com-
piled, for the church publishing house, the first -Sunday-
school song book in general use in the Brotherhood. Mrs.
Emma A. M. Replogle, the daughter of Jacob Miller, the
school man, published, in book form, a fascinating story
entitled, " Indian Eve and Her Descendants."

It would perhaps be a little difficult to find another dis-
trict with a larger literary output than this.

Second. Educationally, Middle District stands out
unique in the Church of the Brethren. Three school ef-
forts were made within her borders, one of which lived

370

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

and became the pioneer of education for the Church. The
men who founded Juniata College, the men who stood the
criticism and yet pressed on as one chained to a purpose,
were not so many. Turn to the table of trustees and note
those who were faithful before 1890.

Then there were some noble souls in the district who
helped in this educational project most heroically. Per-
haps again James A. Sell stands first in loyalty to Juniata.
He, more frequently than any other, came to the college,
installed many of those who were called to the ministry,
stood for the interests of the college in the Standing
Committee room of General Conference, and, as an " out-
sider," was always a friend on the lookout for Juniata's
welfare and advancement.

Juniata blazed the way of education in many ways.
From her walls stepped the first graduate in the Arts
course maintained by a Brethren's school. She stands
first among her sister colleges in her endowment, and the
scholarship of her faculty. Scholarship, and not numbers,
is her ambition today.

Third. Then, there is not the less important, though
the youngest, movement in the church, — the Sisters' Aid
Societies, which began in this district. Just in very re-
cent years they have come into their own when the Con-
ference, recognizing their ability and dependableness,
have called upon them annually to do certain large things
in a worldwide way.

Fourth. The missionary activities of the Brotherhood
owe this district recognition in the fact that James Quin-
ter, the secretary-treasurer of an earlier general mission-
ary endeavor than the present organization, was located
here. True, in a few years the centre of activity, under
the present organization went into the middle west, but
it may be justly said that in Middle District the idea
began and elsewhere it has been developed into its pres-
ent large proportions.

In Sunday-school growth, it is difficult to say what
district was leader, — what district held the first conven-
tion and so on. It, no doubt, is correct, that some other
districts had a few conventions before this district had
them. But it may be correctly said that Middle District
was a leader in the development of Sunday-schools be-

371

A History of the Church of the Brethren

1780 1800 1820 1840 1860 1880 1900

1781 Tie Kis

1802

172L

lacoqulllas

The C

Lover

}roup

1865

Dreek

1858

18)0 The Early

1820

180Q The

18781

}roup

1898

1891

1921
1916

1911
1911

1917
L917

1878

Yellcrr Creec Group

187 5

187

1 372

1916
1916

— I—

1897
l

1893 '
l!K)7l.
llttll
1U93,

Dunoaisvillo Grou>

1800 The Uarrio-s Mark Group i

1801 i Bl ooi ling G

Buffalo M:

Church and members

^_ Dry Valley
J. Burnham

Lewistown

_ Spring Run
_ Aughwick
. Ardenheim

Clover Creek

Roar.Spg.(Cty)

Albright

Roaring Spg

Fairview

Williamsburg

Smithfield

James Creek

Huntingdon

100
469
344
150
60

505

160
258
145
160
77
50
586

1924
1922

1882

1907.1
18<7.r
18$4 .1

•ove Congregation

lis Congregation

lk)9
1&04

—J

New Enterprise 452

1919

Woodbury

Claar

Lower Claar

Queen

Dunnings Creek

E Snake Spring
Cherry Lane
Koontz
__ Artemas

Yellow Creek

_ Raven Run

Riddlesburg

_ Stonerstown
. Everett

Warriors Mark
Juniata Park
Bellwood
Tyrone

Blooming Grove

Buffalo Mills

A Graph showing the growth of the several congregations from their

respective centres.

323

160
60
52
99

172
94

130
95

200
95
95

235

264

Carson Valley 127

Hollidaysburg 146

Learner sville 140

Altoona,lst 698

Alt oona, 28th 202

40
345
138
114

372

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

cause of the agitation through the weekly paper here, and
she held conventions when it was not prudent to make
report, — that a short time after Conference decided that
conventions should not be held, she broke into expression
again, quiet to be sure, and developed sentiment for them.
This, however, is not all that may be observed con-
cerning the district. If the reader will turn to the map
on page 16 he will note that what is now the Middle
District, was settled by brethren at seven different cen-
tres. Study those centres geographically. Look at the
graph of these congregations as revealed on the preceding
page. Those centres are not so very far apart. Now, let
it be observed that within a century and a quarter the
church has grown but little beyond those centres. True,
the mountains bound the district on both the east and the
west. There was no " highway ' in either of these direc-
tions. But how about southward? There are some
marks of outreach in this large territory. Cherry Lane
and Artemas show a good beginning for the effort of
one congregation, — Snake Spring Valley, but is it un-
fair to the situation to say that, had the district placed
ministers in different sections of this unoccupied terri-
tory, we might have five or more " Artemases ' instead
of one?

And the northern part of the district ! There is more
territory north of Warriors Mark and Dry Valley con-
gregations belonging to Middle District and untouched
by the Church of the Brethren, than there is lying south
of the same line, — a territory where the congregations of
Middle District have always been located. If, as James
A. Sell thinks, the Blooming Grove group was never
really of Brethren origin, the pity is the greater. In the
beginning of missionary endeavor he and others did try
to plant the Gospel around Williamsport, but the encour-
agement was not great, the support at home was weak
and not well organized, and the territory was abandoned.
True, the Dry Valley congregation, through her faithful
ministry, for a long time carried on preaching at various
points in Centre county, but this was done single handed,
and was too great a burden for one congregation.

After considering the foregoing, one is impressed that
Middle District has not kept up the enthusiasm of her

373

A History of the Church of the Brethren

fathers. They came into the wilds, proclaimed the Gos-
pel, organized churches in a loose but effectual way, en-
dured hardships for which commendation cannot be too
strong. But their children and grandchildren have been
willing for the most part to settle down in their tracks
and go no further. Of course, the churches have sought
to fill up the gaps between these centres, — a noble, heroic
work it has been. We have built church houses and or-
ganized congregations in places a bit remote from the
original centres. But look at the map again. All this
good work has been done in the territory through which
the fathers drove with ox-carts or horses and lumber
wagons simply to attend a lovefeast in the adjoining con-
gregation. Therefore, it may be justly asked, Has all
this been the outgrowth of vision, or due to a desire for
greater ease? There are a number of houses in congre-
gations of this district, not five miles from each other, for
perhaps no better reason than to have services " handier
home." What seal of approval by the Holy Spirit would
be indicated if in the course of a few years one, two or
more of these houses so close to each other, should be sold
or pass into disuse? Or what would have been the re-
sults today, had these houses, through district co-oper-
ation, been built beyond the centres noted on the map ?
Or, further, what would have been the wonderful reaction
on the district, had the congregations in real enthusiasm
for saving a lost world, in addition to erecting these
houses so close together, placed the same energies into
planting congregations in the northern part of the state?

And why did not the district reach out after that man-
ner? Some members had vision, or no district board
would have been organized, and the few attempts in
earlier days to reach distant parts would not have been
made. But this can hardly be said of the rank and file of
the membership of the district. After all, did the writer
of the introduction sense the situation correctly when he
declares the northern part was not settled by the breth-
ren for two reasons, one of which, he says, is, " This re-
gion had not the fertility that agricultural settlers cared
for." Is it a fact, then, that soil and not souls has been
the ruling motive of too large a portion of the Church of
the Brethren in Middle District of Pennsylvania?

374

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Whatever may be the reader's answer to that question,
let this history create a desire to reach out as we should.
Or, is it too late? Is the northern half occupied by Chris-
tianity of other communions and our opportunity is
passed?

If this be the answer, then what should Middle District
awake to do? If, as is repeatedly said, she occupies some
of the best farming lands of the district and state, should
she not look well to reaching beyond her borders to the
needy parts of the world?

In this some very good effort has been made. This
district has been supporting the General Mission Board
fairly well. In addition, almost a quarter of a century
ago, she took up the support of a foreign missionary and,
through the years, raised about $500.00 a year for our
beloved representative in India. But when, a couple of
years ago, that worker, for the best of reasons, had to
withdraw from the field, the district settled back, thus
far, into not supporting any one. The Sunday-schools
have redeemed the situation greatly by out-stripping the
district's former giving in the payment of the Missionary
Home, just completed. But, has Middle District met her
missionary challenge as she had means and opportunity
to meet it?

The first part of this chapter discusses some first
things that have occurred in this district. Is it right,
however, to give credit to the district for these? Geo-
graphically, yes. But did the district support the first
weekly church paper and the one that soon followed?
The facts are that these periodicals, as a " private enter-
prise/' were carried forward by a few humble, fearless
men who stood together in spite of the opposition to such
commendable innovations. And what must be said of
the school project of Juniata? There were those who
stood faithfully by and helped when the odds were
against the college. But, does not that very statement
indicate that there were those who left Juniata alone, —
severely alone, — yea, verily who opposed this child of
their home district?

375

A History of the Church of the Brethren

GROWTH OF MEMBERSHIP IN MIDDLE DISTRICT

1896

Albright

Altoona, First Church 130

Altoona, 28th Street

Ardenheim

Artemas

Aughwick 162

Bellwood

Burnham

Carson Valley 78

Claar 112

Clover Creek 340

Dry Valley, (Lewistown) .. 178

Dunnings Creek

Everett 66

Fairview 75

Hollidaysburg

Huntingdon 96

James Creek 88

Juniata Park

Koontz

Leamersville

Lewistown

Lower Claar

New Enterprise 275

Queen

Raven Run 70

Riddlesburg

Roaring Spring

Smithfield

Snake Spring Valley 231

Spring Run 180

Stonerstown

Tyrone 19

Warriors Mark 41

Williamsburg

Woodbury 200

Yellow Creek 165

1900

1910

1920

1924

• • •

114

116

218

• • •

609

688

• • •

100

140

165

190

184

150

• • •

• •

• • •

152

115

160

207

310

436

505

222

• • •

120

• • •

100

212

264

115

149

134

150

• • •

132

100

• • •

274

400

586

• • •

• •

288

345

• • •

115

• ♦ •

• • •

162

• • •

253

310

• • •

270

285

406

452

• • •

# #

• • •

258

• • •

• •

176

243

200

230

189

200

231

320

• • •

194

229

108

135

206

218

333

323

170

118

166

200

The foregoing table has been worked out, showing the
membership as reported in the minutes of the District
Meeting in the years indicated at the head of the columns.
This table is as accurate and dependable as are the min-
utes, the only source left from which to make such a
revelation.

Studying that table by comparing 1896 column with
1924 column, a period of twenty-eight years, — almost a
generation, — the following is revealed :

376

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

First Church of Altoona and Huntingdon congrega-
tions have increased over five fold. Everett and Tyrone,
over four fold ; Fairview, two fold ; Clover Creek, New
Enterprise, Spring Run, and Woodbury, over a half fold.
Two congregations almost make a fifty per cent, growth.
But the alarming thing is that seven congregations ap-
pearing in the 1896 column have not grown any. Some
have actually gone back. Does this not present a most
serious situation, one that should absorb the best thought
of the district? What can the district do with this
problem ?

But, another question arises out of this study of the
history. Why has First Church of Altoona increased
over five fold, with the supposed disadvantages of plant-
ing the faith in the city, with the further observation that,
looking over the Minntes of the District, one finds more
queries and complaints against this congregation than
any other in the district? Or, why is it that the Hunt-
ingdon congregation (transient students are not counted
in their membership) should increase over five fold when
this congregation, because in part the college was located
here, was not only without support of certain parts of the
district, but was also subjected to much adverse criticism
from the whole Brotherhood? Or, why is it that congre-
gations against which no queries were ever sent to Dis-
trict Meeting, which no Annual Meeting Committee ever
visited with a view of discipline, have not grown, — some
have even gone back?

This history (whether wisely or not) has sought to
throw a mantle of silence over the " troubles ' that have
existed in the congregations. But, just the same, it is a
fair question for study to ask, Have the people living in
certain communities where the church has not increased,
— barely held her own in numbers, — have these been pro-
nouncedly irreligious? Or, have they sought their Christ
in some other communion? And, if the latter is the cor-
rect answer, then wherein lies the difficulty in these re-
spective congregations of the Church of the Brethren?

There are other phases of our district life and growth
that the alert reader will work out, and grant that this
may be done. There is just one more problem the editor
wishes to point out. This history presents to Middle

377

A History of the Church of the Brethren

District the great importance of some organization being
created that has the power to take hold of a congregation
that is not growing, put its leader to work, or give it one
that will, in the fear of the Lord, bring results. Surely, a
number of congregations do not need such an organiza-
tion. But they, through such a method, would be a
strength to their weaker sisters, when now they are of no
particular help.

Our esteemed ministerial committee is trying to solve
the problem of ministerial distribution, but is laboring
under a serious handicap at this very point. It has not
the power to touch the problem raised here. Yet there
can be no question but there exists a grave problem as
pointed out. It is here. If any interested reader is in
doubt, let him go back to the table of growth of member-
ship and make his own estimate. He will reach but one
conclusion, — the need is so great that the solution is im-
perative, and should be begun at once.

One might say that in times past the Church of the
Brethren has been Episcopalian in her administration of
church government. Yet all the while she has adhered
strictly to Congregationalism in the matter of choosing
leadership in the respective congregations. True, there
has been a kind of supervision in ordinations, but leader-
ship is left entirely with the congregation. The results
as revealed in this table, — as known to exist in the dis-
trict,— are not satisfactory to any " bond-servant of the
Lord Jesus Christ. "

Middle District has the credit of doing first some things
which have reached large proportions for good. Now, let
her do another thing first, — a something greatly needed,
not only in the Middle District, but in every state district
in the Brotherhood — start a solution for better leadership
in the needy congregations of our district.

378

PART THREE

Biographical

PART THREE

Biographical

In this part of the book it has been the aim to give
biographical recognition, as far as information could be
gotten, to every minister who has resided for a shorter or
longer time in the present Middle District of Pennsyl-
vania. For reasons, a few, not ministers, appear.

ADAMS, David M., was elected to the ministry in the Roaring
Spring congregation in 1904, and by that body ordained April 7, 1908.
A few years since he became inactive in the ministry and thru a
course pursued by himself he was relieved of his office at a special
elders' meeting at Lewistown, August 30, 1922.

BADGER, Moses, called to the ministry in the Dunnings Creek con-
gregation, October 27, 1868.

BAKER, John Snider, oldest of four children of John and Hannah
(Snider) Baker, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born
near Baker's Summit (Pa.), Febru-
ary 20, 1840. His youth was spent
on a farm near Snake Spring Valley
Church, during which time he re-
ceived a common schoool education.
After his marriage he located on the
old homestead and resided there till
1895, when he moved to Everett. In
1888 he fell from a loft in his barn
and sustained injuries from which he
never fully recovered.

He united in marriage with Eliza-
beth, daughter of Jacob and Mar-
garet (nee Brech) Lingenfelter,
members of the Church of the
Brethren, Isaac Richey solemnizing

the union on January 22, 1863. To them were born four children:
Francis, Grant, Jacob, and Margaret Helen Baker.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Snake Spring
Valley congregation, through baptism administered in 1875. This
congregation called him to the ministry in 1878; and through the
laying on of hands by George W. Brumbaugh and Jacob Koontz, he
was ordained May 19, 1901. He was frequently a delegate to District
Meeting. Being blessed with this world's goods, he delighted to aid
in missions, the support of the Morrison's Cove Home and relief
work abroad. He died April 12, 1923. Funeral conducted by Ira C.
Holsopple and John S. Harshberger. Interment in the Ritchey
Cemetery, Snake Spring Valley.

381

A History of the Church of the Brethren

BAKER, Jonas D., seventh child of Daniel and Lydia (nee Kemp)
Baker, was born December 10, 1886, near Grantsville, Maryland.

His parents united with the Brethren
Church soon after their marriage,
and had the joy of seeing all their
five sons and three daughters in the
church, and one daughter, Florence,
who married John M. Pittenger, a
missionary to India. He has a com-
mon school education supplemented
by two years in Juniata College Pre-
paratory Department, 1904-06. He is
engaged in the lumber business at
Fredericksburg.

He was united in marriage with
Mary Catherine, daughter of John
and Emma (nee Enyeart) Detwiler,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren in the Fairview congregation, the union being solemnized by
William J. Swigart, June 25, 1910, at his home in Huntingdon, (Pa.).
The bride had united with the Church of the Brethren, Joseph Snow-
berger administering baptism May 20, 1897. She attended Juniata
College four terms ; taught for several years, and is now a teacher in
the Sunday-school. To this union is born Mary Virginia.

While at Juniata, in the fall of 1904, he united with the Church of
the Brethren, William J. Swigart administering baptism. His inter-
est in religious work was not marked, however, till the fall of 1916,
when he renewed his vows under the preaching of Mahlon J.
Brougher in a revival in the Clover Creek congregation. At once he
became active. Within two weeks he was elected teacher of an adult
Bible class, and on November 10, 1917, was called to the ministry.
He has served several times as delegate to District Meeting. Ad-
dress, Martinsburg, Pa.

BASHORE, John R., born near Mifflintown, Pennsylvania, March
22, 1841, was twin to Peter, fifth and sixth of seven children of

David and Mary (nee Ruble) Ba-
shore, members of the Church of the
Brethren. Reared on the farm, hav-
ing only a limited education, he
nevertheless applied himself to com-
mitting many Scriptures, using the
rest moments of field and home for
this purpose. October 13, 1864, he
was united in marriage to Fianna,
daughter of Peter Shellenberger.
Soon after both united with the
church. This step meant great zeal
for the Master. About 1884 he was
called to the ministry in Juniata
county; in 1890 moved to Altoona
and two years later located in the
Fairview congregation. At once he took deep interest in the Sunday-

382

m the Middle District of Pennsylvania

school, where now the Smithfield church stands, superintended the
school for over ten years, and laid the foundation for that congre-
gation. Tho a man of affairs and successful in business, his religious
life was so intense that, even in the busy seasons, rather than miss
family worship he would rise an hour earlier. About 1904 he located
in Martinsburg, and on April 20, 1909, passed to his reward. In his
delirium just before his death he conducted a religious service com-
plete, using for text Malachi 3 : 8, and invited sinners to confess
Jesus.

BATZEL, George: Steward, eighth and a twin in a family of ten
children of John and Catherine (nee Burket) Batzel, members of the
Church of the Brethren, was born
near Yellow Creek, Bedford County,
(Pa.)., April 17, 1875. He was
reared on the farm and during most
of his life made his living by farm-
ing, and in the meantime represented
the Grand Union Tea Company for
twenty years. He had the benefit of
a common school education.

He was united in marriage with
Mary E., daughter of George and
Susan (nee Baker) Kinsley, John
*Rush officiating at the wedding held
in his home May 25, 1901. To them
.have been born four sons and three
daughters.

In the Bethel congregation, in 1895, he united with the Church of
the Brethren, John Rush administering baptism. Yellow Creek con-
gregation called him to the deacon's office in 1903 ; to the ministry in
1907; and, through Ira Holsopple and David Detwiler laying on
hands, ordained him, in 1921. He has represented his congregation
nine times at District Meeting. In recent years he has been success-
ful as an evangelist, — has conducted some thirty-five revivals, baptized
about three hundred, married thirty
couples, preached over one hundred
funerals. At present he is serving as
pastor in the Long Meadow congre-
gation of Maryland, his home being
near Boonsboro.

BEACH, Guy K., third of nine chil-
dren of Adam and Catherine (nee
Kochenderfer) Beach, the father a
member of the Progressive Brethren,
and the mother, of the Church of the
Brethren, was born in Salemville,
(Pa.), on December 21, 1889. After
country school he attended New En-
terprise Normal and the preparatory

department of Juniata College. He taught school for five years and
then entered the employ of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company,

383

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Akron, Ohio, where he continues. During the World War he spent
fifteen months in the Veterinary Service of the Army, ten months of
which service was in France, three months in Germany and the
balance of the time in Camp Wadsworth, South Carolina.

He was united in marriage with Ethel Marian, daughter of Lewis
and Laura (nee Woomer) Eyer, Tobias T. Myers solemnizing the
union on June 24, 1919. To them are born one daughter and one son.

In the New Enterprise congregation he united with the Church of
the Brethren, David T. Detwiler administering baptism on December
15, 1903. The same congregation called him to the ministry July 20,
1913, and he was properly installed by David Stayer and Levi T.
Stuckey, August 24, 1913. He has represented his congregation at
District Meeting twice ; has been active in Sunday-school work,
serving as teacher, assistant superintendent and member of the
Sunday-school board. Under his present situation he is not active
in the ministry. His address is 813 Coburn Street, Akron, Ohio.

BIBLE, James W., a minister from one of the West Virginia con-
gregations who located, in 1910, within the bounds of the Artemas
congregation. He and other members have built up the work there
until the Glendale church house was erected in 1910. His address
is Flintstone, (Pa.).

BECHTEL, Kenneth, oldest of three in the family of Daniel K.
and Susan (nee Ritchey) Bechtel, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born in New Enterprise, (Pa.), July 25, 1898. He has
had the privilege of going to school most of the time and preparing
himself for religious work. At present he is attending Juniata
College.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the New Enterprise
congregation on Easter, April 4, 1915, and was baptized by Levi T.
Stuckey. The same congregation called him to the ministry February
22, 1919. He has been active in Sunday-school work, and served as
district secretary during 1922-23. He did some pastoral work at
Melcroft and at Nanty-Glo in the Western District of Pennsylvania.

BECK, Jacob, was born in Warriors Mark Township, Huntingdon
County, Pennsylvania, on July 6, 1790. School privileges in his day
were meagre, but he made good use of the common schools avail-
able. He made his living by farming. The Warriors Mark congre-
gation of the Church of the Brethren called him to the ministry in
1833, just four years after he was received into the church by bap-
tism. He lived in his home congregation and closed his labors there
August 2, 1870.

BEERY, Charles O., the only son of Enoch and Mary (nee Jay)
Beery, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born near
Covington, Ohio, March 7, 1871. He had seven half brothers and
sisters through his parents being married twice. After passing
through common school he attended college two years and graduated
from the Normal English course at Huntingdon in 1895. He then
served as principal of the Boyce, (La.), high school two years. Later,

384

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

while pastor at Tyrone, (Pa.), he was principal of the Snyder town-
ship high school four years. He has about two years' college work
to his credit.

He was united in marriage with Lou Ella, daughter of George and
Ursula Replogle, of Shenandoah, Iowa, on June 16, 1898, and to them
were born five sons and three daughters. His wife died January 25,
1914. On March 20, 1923, he was united in marriage with Sannie,
daughter of David and Nancy Shelly, Williamsburg, Pennsylvania,
Tobias T. Myers solemnizing the union.

While attending school at Mt. Morris College, Illinois, on Novem-
ber 10, 1889, he united with the Church of the Brethren, Tobias T.
M}'ers administering baptism. On this occasion there were eight
young men and as many young women to be immersed. Brother
Myers administered baptism to the young men at the same instant
that John G. 'Rover baptized the young women, first Brother Royer
repeating the formula while each baptized his applicant and then
Brother Myers — a very impressive service. Lou Ella Replogle was
baptized at this time.

The Pleasant Hill congregation (Ohio) called him to the ministry
on September 2, 1897. While serving as pastor at Tyrone, (Pa.),
through the laying on of hands by James A. Sell and George S.
Myers, he was ordained, April 6, 1907. He has been a Sunday-school
teacher for thirty-three years ; has served as pastor in Glade Run and
Plum Creek congregations, (W. Pa.), the Geiger Memorial of Phila-
delphia, (S. E. Pa.), and Tyrone and Juniata Park congregations of
our own district. He represented his congregation at district meeting
and General Conference many times, and served on the Standing
Committee from Middle Pennsylvania at the Hershey Conference of
1921. As a revivalist he has had the joy of serving in many congre-
gations successfully. He enjoys getting into a weak and discouraged
congregation and helping to revive them. His stronghold, both in
pastoral and evangelistic work, is his personal contact. At present
he is pastor of the Juniata congregation. Address, Juniata, Pa.

BENNER, L^vi B., one of nine children of family of Jacob and
Nancy (nee Burget) Benner, mem-
bers of the German Reformed
Church, was born at Martinsburg,
(Pa.), September 16, 1857. He pre-
pared himself for teaching in the
public schools and during his life
taught thirty-three terms. He held a
state permanent certificate. Along
with teaching he carried on truck
farming not far from Duncans-
ville, (Pa.).

He was united in marriage with
Christiana, daughter of John P. and
Christine Hoover, on September 28,
1879. To this union one son, Irvin
H., was born, and he has become a
school teacher. The wife died May 25, 1881. Brother Benner was

385

A History of the Church of the Brethren

married again, the second time in 1883, to Ida M., daughter of Daniel
and Frances (nee Bossier) Royer. To this union was born one
daughter, Pearl, who married Frank E. Brubaker.

In the Clover Creek congregation, on January 20, 1880, he united
with the Church of the Brethren, John W. Brumbaugh administer-
ing baptism. The Carson Valley congregation called him to the
ministry June 4, 1898, and through the laying on of hands by Brice
Sell and John B. Miller he was ordained in the same congregation.
He was active in Sunday-school, serving as superintendent eight
years ; has represented his congregation at District Meeting twenty
times and at General Conference three times. Due to a somewhat
prolonged sickness, he passed to his reward November 12, 1924.
William J. Swigart preached his funeral. Interment in the Carson
Valley cemetery.

BENNETT, John, oldest of eleven born to Israel M. and Susannah
Martin Bennett, began life in Alleghany County, (Md.), October 25,

1850. Early in childhood his parents
moved to Bedford County, (Pa.),
where he has lived all his life.
Making good use of common school,
one term in Alleghany Seminary, at
Rainsburg, and two at County Nor-
mal, in Bedford, he followed teach-
ing for thirteen winters. Besides he
has been farmer, merchant and post-
master for Artemas for thirty-two
years.

October 19, 1873, he was united in
marriage with Anna C, daughter of
Isaac and Nancy (nee Martin) Sow-
ers, at Silver Mills, (Pa.), James
Pennell officiating. To them were
born six sons and six daughters. The parents were privileged to
enjoy their golden wedding with nine of their children and about
250 friends. After the wedding feast all went to the church nearby
and appropriate services were conducted, James A. Sell leading in
the same.

In June, 1874, he united with Christ in the Snake Spring Valley
congregation, Jacob Steele baptizing him. Two years later the home
group of members called him to the ministry, and on November 6,
1897, through the laying on of hands by George W. Brumbaugh and
John B. Replogle, he was ordained. Christ made him His devoted
servant. For twenty-five years he has not missed a district meeting,
and yet his was often the longest drive over very muddy roads. He
served on Standing Committee at St. Joseph, Missouri, and twice at
Winona Lake, Indiana. Being the only minister in four townships,
he has solemnized marriages and preached funerals up into the hun-
dreds. He was four years a member of the District Mission Board,
and since 1901 a trustee of the Martinsburg House for the Aged.

It can be truly said that he has been a spiritual father to the
people of a very large territory, and from the beginning a faithful

386

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

shepherd of the Artemas flock. Few in these days have done as
much for the church for as little material compensation. His ad-
dress, Artemas, (Pa.).

BENNETT, Sylvanus, oldest of seven children of Robert Bennett,
a farmer, was born in Southampton Township, Bedford County,
(Pa.), on February 5, 1800. He was reared on the farm and had
little opportunity for any education.

He was united in marriage with Sarah Bennett. They were not
blessed with children of their own, and took other people's children
to raise. Among them was Israel M. Bennett, the father of John
Bennett of Artemas, (Pa.).

Sylvanus united with the Church of the Brethren in the Snake
Spring Valley congregation, which then included the southern por-
tion of Bedford County. In 1851 he was called to the ministry by
the same congregation and served his God as a pioneer preacher in
the southern portion of Fulton and Bedford Counties. He made
several preaching tours, — on foot, — as far east as Franklin County,
(Pa.). He died August 25, 1855. His widow lived with Israel M.
Bennett until her death in 1887. Both lie buried in Prosperity
Cemetery.

BENTON, Homer Soyster, third of four children of the family of
Jacob U. and Barbara (nee Soyster) Benton, members of the Church
of the Brethren, was born at McKee, Blair County, Pa.), February
23, 1893. Besides common schools, he has a college education, grad-
uating at Juniata College in the Arts course on June 16, 1916. To
make a living he follows carpentering, holding good jobs as foreman.

He was united in marriage with Mary Elizabeth, daughter of
Harry H. and Susan (nee Claar) Graybill, of East Freedom, (Pa.).

In the Leamersville congregation, through baptism administered by
Brice Sell on February 12, 1905, he united with the Church of the
Brethren. In the same congregation he was called to the ministry on
August 11, 1912. In the Sunday-school he has been active, both as
superintendent and teacher. He has represented his congregation at
District Meeting three times. Address, Altoona, (Pa.).

BERGER, Leah Baker, was born July 22, 1824, and on March 20,
1845, was united in marriage with John Berger, Christian Lehser
performing the ceremony. The young people located at Salemville,
engaged extensively in farming, and prospered. Their only child
died in infancy, but seven orphans were received into their home, five
of whom grew to maturity under their care. Both were ardent
members of the Church of the Brethren. Leah had good business
ability, took an active part in the management of their affairs and
after her husband's death, in 1890, continued their business success-
fully. In 1889 she conceived the idea of erecting a church house in
Salemville. Being constructed at her own expense and after her own
ideals, the house stood out in a class by itself, in that it had a belfry
and a good bell, — nicely furnished and carpeted and every con-
venience for its day. There was no formal dedication, but Joseph Z.
Replogle preached the first sermon, and her own husband's funeral

387

A History of the Church of the Brethren

was the first in the new house. Though favorable to Sunday-schools,
for some reason none were held in her church during her life. She
maintained the upkeep of the church till her death, and turned the
property over to the New Enterprise congregation without any
encumbrance.

BLOUGH, Galen Roy, sixth of seven children of Simon and Agnes
(nee Beahm) Blough, members of the Church of the Brethren, was

born on a farm in Somerset County,
(Pa.). His father died when he was
three years old, leaving the mother
with the large farm and a large
family. She kept the family together
until they were grown up. In due
time Samuel P. Zimmerman became
a step-father in the home and was a
great help in rearing the children.
After Galen graduated from the
country schools in Somerset County,
he attended local normals until he
was prepared to teach in the public
schools. He taught one term and
then bought a part of the home farm.
He was united in marriage with
Amelia, daughter of David I. and Alice (nee Thomas) Thomas,
Samuel P. Zimmerman solemnizing the union on October 13, 1917.
To this union was born one son, Vergil Eugene, and one daughter,
Oma Fern.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Maple Springs
congregation, (W. Pa.), Isaiah B. Ferguson administering baptism
November 1, 1909. The same congregation called him to the min-
istry May 15, 1920. M. Clyde Horst and Edgar M. Detwiler had
charge of the installation service. After he was elected to the min-
istry he decided to prepare for that work. He took one year of
Bible and then completed the preparatory course at Juniata College
with the class of 1924. He has represented his congregation once
at District Meeting and has been an active Sunday-school worker.
For one year and a half he has had charge of the Beech Run con-
gregation, an arm of the Aughwick congregation. He now serves
the Bellwood congregation in the next year and continues his work
in college. Address, Bellwood, (Pa.).

BOOK, Isaac, called to the ministry in the Aughwick congregation
May 18, 1869. Some time later he moved near Richmond, in Juniata
County, within the bounds of what was then the Three Springs
congregation.

BOOK, Isaac Bruce, fourth of seven children of Edmund D. and
Elizabeth (nee Long) Book, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born at Blain, Perry County, (Pa.), February 1, 1872. The
father was a bishop and served the Perry County congregation about

388

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

twenty years. The son was reared on the farm, attended public
school, taught two years in Pennsylvania and one year in Iowa ;
graduated in 1896 in the Normal English course and received his
A.B. in 1900 in Juniata College. For fourteen years he taught in
Manchester College, (Ind.), and then took up farming for a
livelihood.

He was united in marriage with Mae, daughter of William and
Sarah (nee Myers) Stine, of Adel, Iowa, the union being solemnized
by Frank McCune, Christmas, 1900. To them were born six chil-
dren: Gertrude Elizabeth, Paul Edmund (deceased), Carl William
(deceased), Orpha Adaline, Anna Ruth (deceased), and Beulah
Esther.

While attending school at Juniata College he united with the
Church of the Brethren, Wrilliam J. Swigart administering baptism
on May 21, 1892. The Huntingdon congregation called him to the
ministry February 17, 1897; the Manchester congregation had him
ordained through the laying on of hands by Daniel Snell and Samuel
Leckrone, June 1, 1911. His school work prevented him entering
the evangelistic field very extensively. He has represented his con-
gregation at District Meeting eight times ; at General Conference
seven times; has served on the Standing Committee, Sedalia, 1920;
Winona Lake, 1922; Hershey, 1924. Since 1890 he has served either
as teacher or superintendent in the Sunday-school. When, in 1924,
the General Conference decided to have a clerk whose term of office
continues for three years, he was elected to that position. He resides
near North Manchester, (Ind.).

BOOK, Whxiam I., fourth of six children of Edmund D. and Eliza-
beth (nee Long) Book, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near Blain, Perry County, (Pa.), June 9, 1875. His father was
a bishop, and in that office served the Perry County congregation
about twenty years. Besides the training William received at home
in the public schools, he graduated from Juniata School of Educa-
tion, 1896, and received from the University of Pennsylvania, B.S.,
1910; Ph.D., 1913.

He was united in marriage with Zella, daughter of James and
Sarah (nee Keller) Benedict, the union being solemnized by the
bridegroom's father, June 11, 1901.

In a series of meetings conducted by Tobias T. Myers during the
Bible Term at Juniata College, in the early Spring of 1895, he united
with the Church of the Brethren, Henry B. Brumbaugh administer-
ing baptism. His home congregation (Perry County) called him to
the ministry in 1897. While serving the Stonerstown mission the
Raven Run congregation advanced him to the second degree, Walter
S. Long officiating at the service. While he occasionally fills the pul-
pit and gives addresses, he has chosen the teaching profession, and
occupies the chair of Physics in the University of Pennsylvania. His
home is at 72 Wynnedale Road, Narberth, (Pa.).

BOWSER, John K., second of twelve children of James and Eliza-
beth Bowser, members of the German Reformed Church, was born
on a farm near Yellow Creek in 1850. His parents were farmers

389

A History of the Church of the Brethren

and gave their children the benefits of a common school education.

John was also a farmer.

He was first united in marriage with Eliza-
beth Fishel, June 23, 1871. She died Decem-
ber 7, 1896, and on April 24, 1902, he was
married again, this time to Catherine A.
Stayer.

When about twenty-five years of age he
united with the Church of the Brethren in the
Yellow Creek congregation, and by it was
called to the ministry, in 1888. Though never
ordained, he was active in church and Sunday-
school and was much loved in his congrega-
tion. He died February 2, 1908.

BRALIJER, Daniel, the third of twelve
children of Emanuel and Mary (nee Liedy)
Brallier, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born in Morrison's Cove, July 18, 1830. He received but a
common school education and made his living farming.

He was united in marriage with Susan, daughter of George and
Maria Orner, on February 8, 1855. To them were born ten children
as follows : Sadie J., married to John Wareham ; Abigal C, Hannah
E., married to Frank E. Whitehouse ; George H., Charles E., William
Q., Harry E., P. Pearl, married to William H. Kauffman, and
Isaac B.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Manor congre-
gation, Indiana County, (Pa.), in 1857, Samuel Liedy administering
baptism. In 1859 this congregation called him to the deacon's office
and the next year to the ministry. The Altoona congregation had
him ordained through the laying on of hands by William Howe and
Henry B. Brumbaugh, November 5, 1893. For many years he was
teacher of the Men's Bible Class in the First Church in Altoona. He
represented his congregation at twenty District Meetings and two
General Conferences. He died December 27, 1905, and was buried in
Fairview Cemetery, Altoona, (Pa.).

BROWN, Jacob Ki^er, second of ten children of Abraham S. and
Mary (nee Kifer) Brown, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born on a farm near Woodbury, (Pa.), February 12, 1852. He
is a descendant, fourth generation, of Samuel Ullery, first bishop of
Morrison's Cove.* He was reared and has made his living on the
farm and enjoyed the privileges of a common school education.

He was united in marriage with Ella, daughter of Abraham and
Mary (nee Snively) Bowers, of Martinsburg, (Pa.), the union being
solemnized by John Bowers, November 2, 1876. To them were born
three sons and one daughter.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Woodbury con-
gregation, John Replogle administering baptism in March, 1877.

* Editorial item, Gospel Messenger, September 11, 1883.

390

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

This congregation called him to the ministry, August 12, 1883, and
had him ordained through the laying on of hands by John Bennett
and George S. Myers, August 17, 1901. He has represented his con-
gregation ten times at District Meeting and four times at General
Conference. He was given the oversight of the Clover Creek con-
gregation from May 9, 1908, to February 11, 1922. He has been a
Sunday-school teacher for forty years. Address, Martinsburg, (Pa.).

BRUBAKER, Daniel G., fifth of ten children of John and Amanda
Brubaker, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born in Blair
County, (Pa.), March 4, 1887. His training consisted of public
schools, Bible Institutes and about twenty-three years of home study.

He was united in marriage with Mary E., daughter of John H. and
Catherine Hoover, the union being solemnized by Brice Sell at
Leamersville, December 25, 1902. To them were born five sons and
four daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Carson Valley
congregation, James A. Sell administering baptism, in November,
1900. This congregation called him to the deacon's office, October
29, 1904; to the ministry, August 27, 1910. The Nocona congrega-
tion, of Texas, through the laying on of hands by John A. Miller and
another, had him ordained, May 6, 1918. He has served as pastor at
Elk City, (Okla.), Wauwaka, (Texas), and Fruitdale, (Ala.), and
has been permitted to baptize 206 into the Church of the Brethren ;
has represented his congregation at District Meeting five times ; at
General Conference two times ; served on the Standing Committee
at Sedalia, (Mo.), and Winona Lake, (Ind.). His address is Fruit-
dale, (Ala.).

BRUBAKER, Frank Edward, fourth of fifteen children of the
family of Jacob and Catherine (nee Plowman) Brubaker, members
of the Church of the Brethren, was born at Sugar Run, Blair County,
(Pa.), August 25, 1883. His parents were farmers and were not
able to give him more than a common school education. In his
young manhood he took an electrical job with the Pennsylvania
Railroad Company and followed this until, about four years ago, he
turned his attention to mercantile pursuits.

Frank was united in marriage* with Pearle, daughter of Levi and
Ida Benner, and to them is born one son. They have adopted one
son and one daughter.

In the Carson Valley congregation, Frank united with the Church
of the Brethren, David D. Sell administering baptism on November
26, 1897. His home congregation called him to the deacon's office,
March 6, 1909; to the ministry, October 26, 1912; and, through the
laying on of hands by James A. Sell and Joseph J. Shaffer, ordained
him August 20, 1920. He has been an active Sunday-school worker,
carried his share of the preaching in his home congregation, and
represented his congregation at seven District Meetings and one
General Conference. He and his wife accepted the management of
the Children's Home at Martinsburg, (Pa.), and entered upon their
new duties November 1, 1924. Llis address is Martinsburg, (Pa.).

391

A History of the Church of the Brethren

BRUMBAUGH, David, third of five children of John and Mary
Elizabeth (nee Miller) Brumbaugh, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born on the headwaters of Yellow Creek, in Bedford
County, (Pa.), September 5, 1797. The father was a farmer and
minister, and the son grew up in that environment, and was known
as a successful farmer for his day.

He was united in marriage with Mary, daughter of Jacob and
Catherine (nee Ulery) Snyder, in Snake Spring Valley, on April 26,
1802. To them were born ten children, — Catherine, Jacob S., Eliza-
beth, Martin S., John S., Susan, David S., Mary, Delilah and
Simon S.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Snake Spring
Valley congregation, September 26, 1823, and the same congregation
called him to the ministry, January 12, 1827. His home, about one
mile west of New Enterprise, was used for a meeting house before
there was a church house in the early Yellow Creek (now New
Enterprise) congregation. He died November 15, 1874. J. M.
Brumbaugh and Jacob Miller preached at the funeral, using the
text, Hebrews 13 : 14.*

BRUMBAUGH, Ernest Acker, fifth of six children of the family
of John H. and Nancy Jane (nee Acker) Brumbaugh, was born on

a farm near " Fairview," Williamsburg, (Pa.),
May 6, 1891. His mother was a member of
the Church of the Brethren, and died when he
was but four years old. Besides country
school training, he was permitted to spend
four years in Juniata College, and has been
making public school teaching his occupation
ever since.

Through baptism administered by William
IT. Holsinger, on October 18, 1913, during a
revival held by Joseph J. Shaffer, in the Fair-
view congregation, Ernest united with the
Church of the Brethren. He has served as
Sunday-school superintendent for the last six
years ; was called to the ministry August 29,
1914, and is assistant to the pastor of the
congregation. He has represented his congregation at District
Meeting five times. The Fairview congregation had him ordained
through the laying on of hands by Charles B. Smith and Galen B.
Royer, May 11, 1924. January 1, 1925, he accepted the oversight of
the Fairview congregation. His address, Williamsburg, (Pa.).

BRUMBAUGH, George, eighth of fifteen children of Jacob Brum-
baugh, (six by his first wife, name unknown), George, the second
child by his second wife, Elizabeth (nee Baker), was born on
" Timothy Meadows," the old homestead farm in Penn Township,
Huntingdon County, (Pa.), March 12, 1780. He succeeded his father
in the homestead, where he made his living.

* Genealogies of the Brumbaugh Families, 1913, Dr. Gaius M. Brumbaugh.

392

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He was united in marriage with Mary, daughter of Isaac and
Barbara Bauer (Bowers), date unknown. To them were born five
sons, — Isaac, Jacob, John, David, and Samuel.

When George united with the church and was called to the min-
istry is not recorded. He was bishop in the Church of the Brethren,
was known as an exhorter and spoke in the German. His son, Isaac,
succeeded him in the bishopric. " George Brumbaugh and Isaac
Brumbaugh were also among the earlier laborers in this field. . . .
George Brumbaugh, of Grafton, is at present bishop and George B.
Brumbaugh and W. L. Spanogle, assistants." * George died of
dyspepsia and hiccough, August 6, 1849, and was buried in the family
cemetery on the elevation back of the orchard.

BRUMBAUGH, George, seventh of twelve children of George and
Susanna (nee Metzgaar) Brumbaugh, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Martinsburg, (Pa.), January 9, 1795. His
father was a " farmer and also a minister of ability and considerable
reputation; . . . the entire family were members of" the Church of
the Brethren. The son followed the father on the homestead.

He was united in marriage with Esther, daughter of Christian and
Anna Hoover, and to them were born five children, — Christian H.,
Susannah H., Elizabeth H., Samuel H., and Esther E. The mother
died in 1833. Later he married Elizabeth, daughter of James and
Elizabeth (nee Loose) Daugherty, and to them were born nine chil-
dren,— John D., Catherine D., Lydia D., Henry D., Jacob D., Isaac
D., James D., Abraham D., and David D.

" He served in the ministry about forty-seven years ; and was
ordained about twenty-four years ago." f Eor six weeks he suffered
much from dropsy of the chest, and died March 26, 1875. J

BRUMBAUGH, George, third of six sons of the family of John and
Catherine (nee Boyer) Brumbaugh, was born in Penn Township,
Huntingdon County, (Pa.), February 11, 1854. His parents were
members of the Church of the Brethren and the husband was first a
deacon and then a minister. George availed himself of the advan-
tages of the common schools of his day and one year as student in
Williamsburg High School; taught seven or eight terms of public
school; spent the early part of life on the farm, and later moved to
Grafton, where he made his living making wagons and carriages
that gave him a reputation as an honest workman.

He was united in marriage with Fannie Elizabeth, daughter of
Samuel and Elizabeth (nee Shellenberger) Myers, on June 6, 1859.
To them were born Otis M., Samuel O., Ella Alice, and Anna Pearl.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the James Creek
congregation, by it called to the ministry in 1857, and made bishop
by the laying on of hands, April, 1872. He immediately was given

* From History of Huntingdon and Blair Counties. Africa, 1883, and quoted
by Dr. Gams M. Brumbaugh in his Genealogies of the Brumbaugh Families, from
which this whole sketch is extracted.

t From Jacob L. Winela.nd's obituary notice in Christian Family Companion and
Gospel Visitor, 1875, p. 271.

t Gleaned from Genealogies of Brumbaugh Families, 1913, Dr. Gaius M.
Brumbaugh.

393

A History of the Church of the Brethren

the oversight of the James Creek congregation, and continued till
1897. "He was one of the promoters and assistant editor of the
Pilgrim, published at James Creek, and after it removed to Hunt-
ingdon," was a regular contributor to it and is successors till his
death. He died August 18, 1899. George W. Brumbaugh preached
his funeral. Interment in the James Creek Cemetery.*

BRUMBAUGH, George Boyer, second of ten children of Jacob and
Rachel (nee Boyer) Brumbaugh, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born on the " Tim-
othy Meadows " homestead farm in
Penn Township, Huntingdon County,
(Pa.), July 12, 1834. Reared on his
father's farm, attending school at the
" Bowers school," one term in a sub-
scription school at Marklesburg, in
1849, he began to teach, and taught
six terms of common school. In
1865 he moved from Raystown
branch to Marklesburg and engaged
in the mercantile business for a num-
ber of years. By court appointment
he made survey of Marklesburg and
served as borough engineer for many
years. He was member of the first
council of the borough, served as burgess and member of the school
board. He was postmaster at James Creek (Marklesburg) twenty-
four years.

He was united in marriage with Martha P., daughter of Daniel
and Mary (nee Peightal) Grove, November 21, 1855. To them were
born four children, Amanda, Martin G., who was Governor of Penn-
sylvania 1915-19; Frank, and Irvin.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the James Creek
congregation at sixteen. In 1863 he was called to the ministry. Not
only his home congregations received the influence of his messages,
but he frequented Dist. and Gen'l Conf., where his voice was heard.

When the end of life came, Christmas week, 1917, he was heroic
and resigned. His death was only a sleeping and an awakening in a
home he long had sought. He lies buried in family cemetery in the
James Creek congregation. f

BRUMBAUGH, George Wineland, last of four children of John
and Elizabeth (nee Wineland) Brumbaugh, members of the Church
of the Brethren, was born at Fredericsburg, (Pa.), August 6, 1827.
He made his living farming and blacksmithing, — received a common
school education, and with this equipment he made the best of life
for himself and others.

He was united in marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of George and

* Taken from Genealogies of the Brumbaugh Families, by Dr. Gaius M.
Brumbaugh.

f Extracted from Genealogies of the Brumbaugh Families, 1913, Dr. Gaius M.
Brumbaugh.

394

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Mary (nee Shontz) Nicodemus, March 25, 1849. To them were born

twelve children, — Susan B., Harriet N., married to Joseph Gates ;

Mary N., married to Joseph E.

Hagey (now deceased) ; Andrew B.,

Levi N., Keturah B. (deceased),

Reuben N. (deceased), Samuel N.,

George D., Annie B., married to Levi

Rhodes ; Maggie B., married to

Harry Boone ; and Franklin N.

He and his wife both united with
the Church of the Brethren in the
Clover Creek congregation early in
life (about 1850) ; in 1855 he was
called to the ministry; in 1862 ad-
vanced to the second degree ; and in
1888 ordained by his home congrega-
tion. At once he entered upon his
bishopric and served in that capacity

until his death. He preached in both the English and the German
languages. In all, he served in the ministry nearly sixty-two years.
He attended many District and General Conferences. He died March
10, 1916. James A. Sell preached his funeral, using for text Psalms
92:12-24. Interment in Brumbaugh Cemetery (Clover Creek).

BRUMBAUGH, Hsnry Boyer. fourth of six sons of the family
of John and Catherine (nee Boyer) Brumbaugh, was born in
Penn Township, Huntingdon County,
(Pa.), April 1, 1836. His parents
were members of the Church of the
Brethren and his father a deacon and
a minister of the James Creek con-
gregation. Spending his early life
on the farm, Henry made good use
of his country school opportunities
and continued his studies in Wil-
liamsburg Academy and Cassville
Seminary. He taught a few terms of
school in his native county. Later in
life he studied Greek and other sub-
jects in Juniata College and taught
the Bible. He was a trustee of
Juniata College from the beginning
and its president from 1886-'93.

He was united in marriage with Susan, the daughter of Isaac and
Elizabeth (nee Fink) Peightal. To them was born one son, I.
Harvey. His wife died January 22, 1904.

In the James Creek congregation (Pa.) he united with the Church
of the Brethren on June 15, 1856. The same congregation ^ called
him to the ministry June 24, 1864, and on August 14 following he
preached his first sermon from John 11:25. He was advanced^ to
the second degree, October 31, 1868. The Huntingdon congregation
ordained him May 19, 1888. The following year he was given the

395

A History of the Church of the Brethren

oversight of the Huntingdon congregation, and continued until
January 1, 1919.

January 1, 1870, he and his brother, John B., issued the first num-
ber of the Pilgrim from the James Creek postoffice. In December,
1873, they moved the publication office to Huntingdon. On January
7, 1876, with John B. Brumbaugh, they began the publication of the
Young Disciple, and continued it till 1880, when it was consolidated
with Our Sunday-school, published by Solomon Z. Sharp. In 1881
the Young Disciple was renewed and continued at Huntingdon.
These brothers consolidated (Oct. 31, 1876) the Pilgrim with The
Primitive Christian, at that time edited and published by James
Quinter, at Meyersdale, (Pa.). The new publication, Primitive
Christian and Pilgrim, was published under the firm name Quinter
& Brumbaugh Brothers. In June, 1883, a consolidation of the
Primitive Christian and The Brethren at Work, at Mt. Morris (111.)
was effected, and July 3 the first number of The Gospel Messenger
was issued, with Henry B. Brumbaugh, eastern editor, and he con-
tinued in that position until his death. Besides his editorial work he
was the author of the Church Manual and a book of Biblical ro-
mance called Onesimus, 1909. He was also one of the editors of the
Religious Department of the Standard Dictionary published by Funk
and Wagnalls.

With the co-operation of Dr. Andrew B. Brumbaugh and his
brother, John B., the}' planned and made Juniata College real. He
was a trustee from the beginning; served as President of the Board
of Trustees from 1888 and was its continual inspiration and help
until, through old age, he became incapacitated. After eighty-three
years, two months and twenty-seven days of pilgrimage on this
earth, on June 28, 1919, he passed quietly to the beyond. William J.
Swigart, his life-long co-laborer, spoke on the occasion of the funeral
and his body rests in Riverview Cemetery, Huntingdon.

BRUMBAUGH, Hsnry Holsing£r, fourth of eight children of the
family of John Dougherty and Hannah (nee Holsinger) Brumbaugh,

members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born on a farm near
Martinsburg, Blair County, (Pa.),
October 4, 1862. In addition to com-
mon school training he attended nor-
mals and several spring terms at
Juniata College, and thereby pre-
pared himself for public school
teaching. He has been engaged in
teaching, superintending mines and
supervisor of schools for Broad Top
Township for twenty-seven years.

He was united in marriage with

Emma Cora Victoria, daughter of

John and Mary (nee Pote) Mohr, on

October 4, 1892, Rev. Ephraim Dutt

solemnizing the union. To them have been born four sons, two of

whom have grown to maturity and are deacons in the church. The

396

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

mother was confirmed at the age of fourteen and remained a mem-
ber of the Lutheran Church until 1922, when she joined her husband
in the Church of the Brethren.

In the Upper Claar congregation he united with the Church of the
Brethren, September 25, 1882, through baptism administered by John
B. Replogle. The Raven Run congregation called him to the min-
istry, May 23, 1903, and the Riddlesburg congregation, through the
laying on of hands by Brice Sell and John R. Stayer, ordained him,
February 18, 1917. He has been a leader in the Sunday-school where
he lived and an organizer and mainspring of the Riddlesburg con-
gregation. Frequently he represented his congregation at District
Meetings, and three times at General Conference. He resides in the
Riddlesburg congregation and is engaged in school work. Address,
Defiance, (Pa.).

BRUMBAUGH, Irvin Bkchtkl, fourth of five children of the fam-
ily of David and Susan (nee Bechtel) Brumbaugh, members of the
Church of the Brethren, was born near Grafton, (Pa.), December
16, 1866. He received a common school education, and has been
actively engaged in farming most of his life. He has served as
school director for twelve years.

He was united in marriage with Rachel G., daughter of Michael
and Nancy (nee Park) McCall, John B. Brumbaugh solemnizing the
union on October 15, 1891. To them were born two children, Delia
M. and John M.

Irvin united with the Church of the Brethren in the James Creek
congregation, George Brumbaugh administering baptism. This con-
gregation called him to the ministry, June 17, 1899, and while he and
his wife are actively engaged in church work and the church and the
District would wish him ordained, he has modestly declined the re-
sponsibility. Address, Grafton, (Pa.).

BRUMBAUGH, Isaac, first of five children of George and Mary
(nee Bowers) Brumbaugh, was born on the old "Timothy Mead-
ows" homestead in Penn Township, Huntingdon County, (Pa.), on
April 26, 1802. His parents were members of the Church of the
Brethren and his father a bishop. Isaac grew to manhood on his
father's farm, making use of common school advantages afforded in
those early days.

He was united in marriage with Sussanna Peightel, and to them
were born nine children. After marriage he located on a part of the
homestead, which became his home the remainder of his life.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the James Creek
congregation ; was called to the ministry and ordained to the bishop-
ric before the organization of the congregation in 1858. The new
congregation made him overseer, which position he held until his
death. He was spoken of as being " particularly remembered as a
sincere and earnest minister . . . for more than a quarter of a
century." He died November 4, 1871, and was buried in the Brum-
baugh cemetery.*

* Gleaned from Genealogies of Brumbaugh Families, by Dr. Gaius M. Brumbaugh.

397

A History of the Church of the Brethren

BRUMBAUGH, Isaac Harvey, the only child of Henry B. and
Susan Fink (nee Peightal) Brumbaugh, was born in Penn Town-
ship, Huntingdon County, (Pa.),
March 10, 1870. He received his
early education in the Huntingdon
public schools and Juniata Col-
lege. Through pursuing his stud-
ies the following degrees have
been conferred upon him: A.B.,
Haverford College, (Pa.), 1892;
A.B., Harvard College, 1895; A.M.,
1899; University of Jena, sum-
mer of 1896; Litt.D., Ursinus
College, 1920.

He was united in marriage with
Amelia Henrietta, daughter of
Samuel Martin and Ellen (nee
Bulfinch) Johnson, of Cambridge,
(Mass.), on April 26, 1900. To
them were born one son (deceased)
and three daughters.

He was instructor in Latin and
Greek in Juniata College, 1892-4 ;
professor of Latin, 1895-1911 ; served as Acting President of
the college, 1899-1911, and President, 1911 -'24. During 1924-5
he is continuing his graduate study at Columbia Universitv, (N.
Y. City).

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Huntingdon
congregation, on February 28, 1885, his father administering baptism.
The same congregation called him to the ministry, October 29, 1904,
and had him ordained November 7, 1904, through the laying on of
hands of Walter S. Long and Samuel J. Swigart.

BRUMBAUGH, James Dougherty, sixth of nine children of the
family of George and Elizabeth (nee Dougherty) Brumbaugh, mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren,
was born on a farm near Frederics-
burg, Blair County, (Pa.), July 6,
1850. He received a common school
education and made his living on
the farm.

He was united in marriage with
Annie, daughter of John and Sallie
(nee Dougherty) Gouchenour, No-
vember 24, 1870, the union being
solemnized by John W. Brumbaugh.
To them were born twelve children,
as follows: David B. (deceased),
Sarah E, married to Hugh M. Wal-
ter; Edward B. (deceased), Rebecca
M., married to Henry Bare ; Charles
A., John H., Martha M., married to M. Levi Beach (deceased) ;

398

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

George A., Ida Catherine (deceased), Margaret F., Jennie G., and
Minnie P. (deceased).

In the Clover Creek congregation, in 1869, he united with the
Church of the Brethren. In 1874, the Claar congregation called him
to the deacon's office; in 1885 to the ministry; and then, in the
Clover Creek congregation, Martinsburg house, through the laying
on of hands by George S. Myers and Jacob C. Stayer, he was or-
dained in 1908. He served for a term of years as bishop of the
Albright congregation. He died August 20, 1922. Thirty ministers
attended his funeral, on which occasion John B. Miller preached.
Interment in the Clover Creek cemetery.

BRUMBAUGH, John, third of seven children of the family of John
Jacob and Mary Elizabeth (nee Angle) Brumbaugh, was born on the
Conococheague, four miles north of Hagerstown, (Md.), in 1768.
The father was born about 1728, as an orphan landed in Philadelphia,
August 31, 1750, and built and resided in perhaps one of the oldest
houses in Frederic County. About 1789 he located near the head-
waters of the Yellow Creek, in Morrison's Cove, where he made his
living farming.

He was united in marriage with Mary Elizabeth Miller, and to
them were born five children, — Daniel, Mary, David, Jacob S.,
and Eve.

He was a minister in the Early Yellow Creek congregation, and
died May 20, 1829 *

BRUMBAUGH, John, was born in 1793. His father migrated to
this country, in 1754, from Germany. At an advanced age he died
from that dread disease, canccr.f

BRUMBAUGH, John, third of five sons of the family of George
and Mary (nee Bowers) Brumbaugh, was born on the old homestead,
called " Timothy Meadows," in Penn Towmship, Huntingdon County,
(Pa.), January 11, 1809. His parents were members of the Church
of the Brethren, and his father a bishop, designated as an " exhorter,"
who always, when preaching, spoke in the German. John lived on
the farm all his life. He was a great smoker until he was seventy,
when, because he thought his example not good, he decided to quit,
saying, " I will die rather than be overcome by it." During the re-
mainder of the seventeen years of his life he did not use tobacco.

He was united in marriage with Catherine, daughter of Henry and
Catherine (nee Roberts) Boyer, April 6, 1830. To them were born
six sons, — Benjamin, David B., George, Henry, Isaac, and John B.
(The reader will at once recognize the Brumbaugh brothers, publish-
ers, in this list.) The church first called John to the deacon's office;
later to the ministry, in which capacity he labored until his death,
May 25, 1896. His body lies in the Brumbaugh cemetery.^

* Gleaned from Genealogies of Brumbaugh Families, 1913, Dr. Gaius M.
Brumbaugh.

t Editorial, Gospel Messenger, 1894, No. 14.

X Extracted from sketch in Genealogies of Brumbaugh Families, 1913, Dr. Gaius
Brumbaugh.

399

A History of the Church of the Brethren

BRUMBAUGH, John Boykr, last of six children of the family of
John and Catherine Boyer Brumbaugh, members of the Church of

the Brethren, was born on a farm
four miles south of Grafton, Hunt-
ingdon County, (Pa.), March 14,
1848. After passing through common
schools his desire for higher educa-
tion, in a day when such a thing was
looked upon as wrong, was so strong
that he " went away " to Kishacoquil-
las Seminary, out from Lewistown a
few miles, in Big Valley; then to
Millersville Normal, in October, 1872 ;
to Shippensburg Normal and Crozer
Theological Seminary. In his early
life he made his living on the farm ;
later in the printing business, edito-
rial work and preaching.
He was united in marriage with Eleanor J. Van Dyke, December
24, 1874. When the Pilgrim moved to Huntingdon he came along
and made his home in that city all his days.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the James Creek
congregation, in 1865, his brother, George Boyer Brumbaugh, admin-
istering the rite of baptism. The Huntingdon congregation called
him to the deacon's office, September 30, 1882; to the ministry, Janu-
ary 18, 1889; and, through the laying on of hands by Edmund Book
and George Bashore, he was ordained May 29, 1897. He represented
his congregation a number of times at District Meeting, and twice at
General Conference. He was a member of the Standing Committee
of General Conference at Springfield, (111), in 1906. His ministry
was decidedly missionary and his services in the District were felt
through his oversight of the Stonerstown congregation for twenty-
two years, and the many " mission points " where he went to preach.
He served as a member of the District Mission Board for fifteen
years. During 1Q03 to 1910, inclusive, he served as pastor of the
Huntingdon congregation.

Perhaps his largest service to God and fellow man was his long
service in the publishing business. He joined his brother, Henry, in
the publication of the Pilgrim, in the year 1869, and helped to develop
sentiment in favor of church publications against a very strong op-
posing current. He was called west to Mt. Morris, (111.), and occu-
pied the chair of office editor of the Gospel Messenger during the
time Daniel L. Miller was abroad on one of his trips. For many
years he was associate editor of this periodical.

He took an active part in the founding of Juniata College through
the Normal which Jacob M. Zuck established. His part was the
unseen footing of the foundation, so essential to the great super-
structure in every great enterprise. Until his death he continued to
be a trustee of the college and a special supporter of the Bible
department.

When, through a long, lingering illness, he was no longer able to
walk, his faithful wife pushed him in the wheeled chair to the

400

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

trustee meeting, the official meeting, the occasional convention ; regu-
larly his chair stood in the middle aisle of the church at prayer-
meeting and on Sunday at all the services. Many gave him a word
of cheer and appreciation, and his reply was a smile. Finally the
hand of God relieved him of his suffering on June 11, 1922, and he
passed into peaceful rest. His body lies in Valley View Cemetery,
at James Creek.

BRUMBAUGH, Eleanor J., second of fifteen children in the family
of Archibald and Esther Swigart Van Dyke, ordained members of
the Church of the Brethren, was born near McVeytown, Mifflin
County, (Pa.), April 27, 1854. Her girlhood was spent on the farm,
going to country school, and " working out " ; later, as a school
teacher, then as typesetter in the Pilgrim office. It was while in this
last position that she met John Boyer Brumbaugh and was united
with him in marriage, December 24, 1874. No children blessed their
home, but they took an orphan to raise and in later years, though a
helpless invalid, yet no child of their own could possibly have re-
ceived better motherly care than did this orphan till she died. Her
home had not long been established until it received Jacob M. Zuck
into it, — in those formative days, when no salary was paid, she and
her husband provided for the founder of the Normal which has
since blossomed into Juniata College.

While yet living in the Spring Run congregation, on May 6, 1866,
she united with the Church of the Brethren, Peter S. Myers admin-
istering the baptism. She started the Sunday-school that now flour-
ishes in the Huntingdon Church ; has been active in church and
Sunday-school — teaching, leading in song-service, correspondent to
the church paper for many years, now and then writing a few
stanzas of poetry highly devotional, and once representing her con-
gregation at District Meeting. She was also leader in formulating
sentiment for missions, both home and foreign, a charter member of
the Sisters' Aid Society, and one of the few who did Aid Society
work before any organization was known in the Brotherhood.

The closing years of her husband's life were marked with unusual
affliction and helplessness, and under this burden she never flinched.
Finally, on June 11, 1922, he was relieved of his suffering, while she
continues to live " up stairs " at 1700 Mifflin Street, smiling and
doing for others while waiting to go home. Here are lines written
by her, October, 1923, worthy a place in connection with this sketch:

NEARER HOME

We have passed the radiant noonday, and the twilight has begun,
Through the shadow, see the beauty of a glorious setting sun !
We are nearer to the river, loved ones crossing, one by one ;
And WE are going home.

Brighter grows the heavenly pathway ; dimmer now the scenes of earth ;
Light at evening time is promised, bringing peace of rarest worth.
Hark, the heralds of the Bridegroom, with the message, " Go ye forth ! "
And WE are nearer home.

By and by, the gates will open., and the Lord Himself will come.
What a blessed day of gladness ! But a day of grief for some,
And He comes to take us with Him, when our work on earth is done,
Take us to that happy home.

401

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Now the " harbor-bar is nearing," and the city lights appear !
See, the hands of loved ones beckon, as they gather on the shore !
O, the joy of dwelling with them, and onr Lord, forevermore !
Halleluia ! Halleluia ! Home, sweet Home !

BRUMBAUGH, John D., fourth of six children of Josiah M. and
Lucinda (nee Billing) Brumbaugh, a minister in the Church of the
Brethren, was born in Clover Creek, Blair County, (Pa.), August 7,
1891. He attended grade and high school in Bellwood and gradu-
ated from the preparatory department of Juniata College in 1909.
After teaching several years in the public schools of Logan Town-
ship, Blair County, (Pa.), he entered mercantile business in Juniata,
(Pa.), where he is now manager of the J. D. Brumbaugh Company.

He was united in marriage with Alma E., daughter of James B.
and Ida (nee Troxel) Nelson, the union being solemnized by Harry
H. Rasher, at Roaring Springs, May 26, 1916. Their home has been
blessed with two children, John Nelson, Junior, and Dorothy Helen.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Bellwood con-
gregation, baptism being administered by his father, in 1903. The
Juniata Park congregation called him to the deacon's office, April
10, 1921 ; and to the ministry, November 30, 1924. Since he
united with the church he has been active as a Sunday-school
worker, serving as superintendent five years. Address, 701 Second
Street, Juniata, (Pa.).

BRUMBAUGH, John H., fourth of seven children in the family of
Samuel and Elizabeth Hoover Brumbaugh, members of the Church
of the Brethren, was born on a farm near Henrietta, Blair County,
(Pa.), February 24, 1853. He had the privileges of a common school
education, which was supplemented by unusual native talent that in
his day made him a leader. His occupation was farming, in which
he was quite successful.

He was united in marriage with Rebecca Anne, daughter of Daniel
and Virginia (nee Davis) Metzker. To them were born three sons
and seven daughters.

In his early manhood he united with the Church of the Brethren
and became a zealous worker for the Master. Sunday-school re-
ceived his hearty support. The Fairview congregation, in which he
was living, called him to the ministry, May 14, 1894, and later on,
May 30, 1908, he was ordained. He represented the congregation at
District Meetings a number of times, and was delegate to General
Conference several times. He enjoyed the confidence of his people.
After middle life he wandered from his Father's house and has not
yet returned.

BRUMBAUGH, John W., born April 7, 1823, was the son of John
Brumbaugh, born in the year 1793, whose father came from Germany
in 1754. He was reared and spent his life near the place of his
birth, — Martinsburg, (Pa.). He was a successful miller, but though
through life he accumulated some property, his love for his Lord and
his brethren led him to go hither and thither exhorting people, until
he closed life with very small estate.

402

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He was united in marriage with Margaret
Nicodemus, April 21, 1844, and to them were
born two sons and one daughter, who sur-
vived him.

When he united with the Church of the
Brethren is not known, but Clover Creek
called him to the ministry on September 28,
1849, and had him ordained, through the laying
on of hands by John Holsinger, Isaac Brum-
baugh and Jacob Steele, August 24, 1867.
During his active period it was rare that he
missed a District or Annual Conference. " His
love for the church and her doctrines was full
and deep, and because of his loving disposition
and consecration of heart, he greatly enjoyed
the association of the membership and spent
much time in traveling and preaching." *

BRUMBAUGH, Josiah B., the only son of David H. and Margaret
Burget Brumbaugh, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near Henrietta, Blair County,
(Pa.), September 1, 1861. His child-
hood on the farm, his youth helping
in his father's foundry, his love for
reading and good advantages in the
common school were the steps until
nineteen years old, when he began
school teaching, a profession he fol-
lowed for twenty-five years. He
also invested in mercantile pursuits,
largely conducted by his wife while,
during the day, he was teaching.

He was united in marriage with
Lucinda, daughter of John H. and
Susan Dilling, of Clover Creek,
(Pa.), on June 6, 1882, John W.
Brumbaugh officiating. Two sons and four daughters blessed
their home.

While living in the Clover Creek congregation he united with the
Church of the Brethren, George W. Brumbaugh administering bap-
tism on October 18, 1882. There he was called to the ministry on
Christmas, 1893. Six years later (the Spring of 1899) he moved his
family to Bellwood, (Pa.), and took charge of that infant congre-
gation. He spared no efforts for the cause there for eleven years.
On August 28, 1910, the family moved into a new home built in
Juniata. While residing here he spent his Sundays preaching some-
where, either at home or elsewhere. The Lord had an incessant
worker in this servant. He officiated at many weddings and was
called far and near to preach funerals. But a complication of dis-
eases was reducing him. No longer able to leave his room, he read

* Extracted from Gospel Messenger editorial, 1894, No. 14.

403

A History of the Church of the Brethren

and prepared sermons which he never preached: for, on November

12, 1916, he passed away. Walter S. Long conducted the funeral

service at Juniata, using 2 Samuel 3 : 38 ; the Holy Spirit saw fit to

lead James A. Sell to use the same text at the Clover Creek Church,

yet the duplication was not known until the services were over. His

bodv lies in the Brumbaugh Cemetery.

— i

BRUMBAUGH, Martin Grove, third of five children of the family
of George Boyer and Martha (nee Peightal) Brumbaugh, members
of the Church of the Brethren, was born on a farm near Grafton,
Huntingdon County, (Pa.), April 14, 1862. Early in life he chose the
profession of teacher and prepared as follows : Juniata College, B.E.,
1881; M.E., 1883; B.S., 1885; M.S., 1887; University of Pennsyl-
vania, A.M., 1894; Ph.D., 1895. Besides, he has received honorary
degrees as follows: LL.D., Mt. Morris College, (III), 1901; Franklin
and Marshall, (Pa.), 1902; Pennsylvania, 1911; Pittsburgh, 1916;
Maine, 1919; Litt.D., Lafayette, 1915; L.H.D., Susquehanna, 1917.

He served as superintendent of schools, Huntingdon County.
1884-90; president of Juniata College, 1895-06; superintendent of
school in Philadelphia, 1906-15; State Conductor of Teachers' Insti-
tute in Louisiana, 1886-91 ; first commissioner of education, Porto
Rico, 1900-02; professor of pedagogy, University of Pennsylvania,
1895-1900 and 1902-06; Governor of Pennsylvania, January, 1915, to
1919. In addition, he is a member of a number of historical societies
and the author of the following: History of the Brethren, Juniata
Bible Lectures, Standard Readers (five vols.), The Making of a
Teacher, Life and Works of Christopher Dock, Story of Roosevelt,
Editor of Lippincott Educational Series, Member of Pennsylvania
State Board of Education.

He was united in marriage, in 1884, with Annie, daughter of Edwin
Konigmacher, of Ephrata, (Pa.), and to them were born one son
and one daughter. The wife died in 1914. His second marriage is
with Flora, daughter of George Parks.

While attending Brethren's Normal in Huntingdon, on the evening
of the clay (May 11, 1879) that Jacob M. Zuck died, he was received
into the Church of the Brethren by baptism, administered by Henry
B. Brumbaugh. The Huntingdon congregation called him to the
ministry, November 14, 1891, and advanced him to the second degree
in 1893, James A. Sell officiating. He was a member of the Confer-
ence committee that planned and carried out the Memorial Exercises
of the Bicentennial of the Church in 1908; has been called upon a
number of times to address the General Conference, and was always
greeted with overflowing audiences. Perhaps his largest service to
the church is his History of the Brethren, often quoted and highly
prized by the church, and his articles which appear in the Gospel
Messenger.

Since his service as Governor he has given his time to the plat-
form, delivering educational and historical addresses to interested
audiences.

However, on Commencement day, 1924, the trustees of Juniata
College announced that he had unanimously been elected President
of the College. President I. Harvey Brumbaugh had voluntarily re-

404

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

signed in his favor. He not only accepted the invitation of his Alma
Mater, but with his wealth of experience and the deep set religious
ideals set in his soul by Juniata, he took charge of his new duties,
December 1, 1924. The inaugural, on January 29, 1925, with its large
concourse of his friends, who are also friends of Juniata, was a
splendid token of the esteem with which he has been received back
into the Juniata family. His address is Huntingdon, (Pa.).

BRUMBAUGH, Moses Robert, the oldest of seven living children
of Henry D. and Sarah (nee Gouhonour) Brumbaugh, members of
the. Church of the Brethren, was born in Martinsburg, Blair County,
(Pa.), August 21, 1864. He took advantage of a few years of train-
ing in the common schools, then turned his attention to farming until
he was twenty- four. Since then he has been engaged in merchan-
dising and served during 1912-1916 as county treasurer.

He was united in marriage with Sarah Florence Steward, Novem-
ber 13, 1890, Benjamin F. Shetron performing the ceremony. To
them five sons and four daughters were born, — Charles A., Henry R.,
David E., Robert L., William E., Minnie M., Sarah Irene, Susan A.,
Carrie E. The mother died December 9, 1910. He was united again
in marriage, the second time with Mrs. Jenetta Miller (formerly
Smith), of Greenville, Ohio, the union being solemnized by Benjamin
F. Sharp, on November 11, 1924.

In the Clover Creek congregation, through baptism administered
by George W. Brumbaugh, he united with the Church of the Breth-
ren. This congregation called him to the ministry, February, 1910;
and, through the laying on, of hands by John R. Stayer and David T.
Detwiler, he was ordained June, 1914. He has represented his con-
gregation many times at District Meeting and six times at General
Conference. He has been active in Sunday-school work, being
called upon to serve as superintendent for twenty years. During
1909 he was vice-president of the fifth district State Sunday-school
Association. He served as a member of the District Mission Board
during 1913-'18. In 1920 he was called to be overseer of the Albright
congregation, which position he still holds. In 1921 the General Con-
ference made him a member of the Child Rescue Committee. When
chosen for the ministry he took it up at once and makes this com-
ment upon this calling : " The ambition of my ministry has been to
preach the Word as it is written. I never read sermons, — have no
commentary nor Bible dictionary. I have prepared all my sermons
by reading the Word, praying for the Holy Ghost to dictate. But I
feel sure my work could have been very much more effective if I had
the advantage of an education." His address is Martinsburg, (Pa.).

BRUMBAUGH, Samuel I., second of six children of Jacob and
Mary Ann (nee McCarson) Brumbaugh, members of the Church of
the Brethren, was born in Liberty Township, Bedford County, (Pa.),
May 21, 1866. His educational training is very limited. He has
made a good living as railroad track foreman and farming.

He was united in marriage with Phoebe, daughter of John and
Mollie Switzer, David A. Clapper solemnizing the union in his home,
October 11, 1888. To them were born two sons and one daughter,

405

A History of the Church of the Brethren

and the wife died October 7, 1899. On October 7, 1901, he was

united in marriage with Lizzie, daughter of John T. and Minnie

(nee Weaverling) Burket, David A.
Stayer solemnizing the union. To
them was born one son.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren in the Raven Run congre-
gation, in 1890; by that congregation
called to the ministry, October 6,
1894, and ordained in the Fall of
1903, through the laying on of hands
by William S. Ritchey and David A.
Stayer. He has been active in
Sunday-school in the capacity of
teacher for many years, and has had
the privilege of baptizing 144 into
church membership. He has repre-
sented his congregation at District

Meeting many times, and at General Conference, twice. His home

is in Saxton, (Pa.).

BUCK, Charles L., second of five children of the family of David
F. and Barbara (nee Longanecker) Buck, was born northwest of
New Enterprise about four miles, July 11, 1843. His father was a
member of the Church of the Brethren; his mother of the Seventh
Day Baptists. When six years old, his parents moved to the farm at
New Enterprise, (Pa.), where he remained till his death. He had
the advantages of a common school education. Through an inherited
physical infirmity he was not rugged and could not endure much
exposure or violent exercise. He made his living, however, in the
mercantile business for a number of years, and then managing
his farm.

He was united in marriage with Hannah Amanda, daughter of
Jacob and Hannah (nee Stephens) Over, living near New Enterprise.
Inasmuch as they were not blessed with children of their own, they
took two to raise and gave them a good home. Both he and his
wife, on May 7, 1876, united with the Church of the Brethren in the
New Enterprise congregation, Jacob Miller administering baptism.
This congregation called him to the ministry, June 13, 1877, and,
through the laying on of hands by two of the following bishops who
were present — Jesse Calvert, John S. Holsinger, John W. Brum-
baugh, Jacob Miller, Jacob Koontz and John L. Holsinger — he was
ordained February 16, 1887. He presided over the New Enterprise
congregation from December 10, 1893, to April 19, 1912, and was a
staunch supporter of all her activities. From 1902 to 1911 he was
a member and treasurer of the Board of Trustees of Morrison Cove
Old Folks' Home. He entered into rest April 19, 1912. William J.
Swigart preached his funeral.

His wife, Hannah Amanda, the ninth of eleven children, was born
near New Enterprise, (Pa.), in 1846. Her parents were members of
the Reformed Lutheran Church, and died when she was small. She
spent her girlhood days among strangers and relatives. She at-

406

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

tended public school during the winter, and a term or more at Mil-
lersville State Normal. She was a teacher in the primary department
of the Sunday-school for over forty years. Surviving her husband,
and their entire estate falling into her hands, she made disposition
of it as follows :

Juniata College, $5,000.00; Bethany Bible School, $2,000.00; Or-
phans' Home, Huntingdon, $3,270.00: Morrison's Cove Old Folks'
Home, $3,270.00; Mission Board of Middle Pennsylvania, $3,270.00.
She died April 21, 1916, and lies buried beside her husband in the
New Enterprise Cemetery.

BURGET, Andrew BolgEr, was born in North Woodbury Town-
ship, Blair County, (Pa.), July 5, 1843. He is the youngest of seven
children born to Adam and Catherine (nee Bolger) Burget. His
mother died and his father married the second time, to Anna Ken-
singer, and to this union two children were born. Andrew is the only
one living of the nine children. He was reared on the farm, was given
a common school education and has made his living by farming.

He was united in marriage with Elizabeth Brumbaugh, on June 21,
1865, George W. Brumbaugh solemnizing the union. To them five
children were born.

He united with the Church of the Brethren by baptism admin-
istered by George Brumbaugh, in October, 1869. This occurred
while attending a lovefeast at James Creek, an adjoining congrega-
tion to where he lived. Clover Creek congregation called him to the
deacon's office in 1875; to the ministry, October 25, 1884; and, by the
laying on of hands by George S. Myers and David Stayer, ordained
May 9, 1908. He was an active Sunday-school worker, serving as
superintendent ten years ; represented his congregation at District
Meeting six times and to General Conference five times. He and
his wife reside in Fredericksburg; address, Martinsburg, (Pa.).

BURKHOLDER, Wealthy Agnes Clark, fourth in a family of

twelve children of William F. and Diana Houck Clark, was born

near Broad Top City, Huntingdon County,

(Pa.), September 13, 1849. Her father made

no religious profession ; her mother was a

member of the Methodist Episcopal Church

early in life, but did not train her children in

that faith. When twelve years old her parents

moved near Shirleysburg, (Pa.), within the

bounds of the Aughwick congregation.

Through reading borrowed Gospel Visitors

she became acquainted with the doctrine of

the Church of the Brethren; through the

preaching of Abram L. Funk, John Spanogle,

John Glock, and others, and the personal

touch of Mrs. Mark Funk Masemore, " a

lovely Christian woman and warm personal

friend," she decided to unite with the Church

of the Brethren and was baptized by John Spanogle, April 3, 1864,

when but fourteen years old. Those who know the ideals of those

407

A History of the Church of the Brethren

days will marvel that one so young should have been admitted into
church membership, but it also shows the aggressive attitude of this
congregation.

Her mother not being strong, Wealthy received but little common
school education. December, 1870, she entered the home of Henry
B. Brumbaugh, of James Creek, to learn to set type and work in the
Pilgrim office; in 1876 she was made editor of the Young Disciple,
and continued in that position four years. These years were form-
ative ones in the history of the Normal, and she took an important
part in starting the infant institution. She was one of the five in
the first Sunday-afternoon Bible class ; was the first woman to pur-
chase " stock " in the Normal ; the first woman admitted to its
literary society, and wrote and read the first essay in that organiza-
tion. Beginning August 30, 1879, she spent two years in the Breth-
ren at Work office, in Lanark, (111.) ; taking charge September 1,
1887, she served as matron in the Brethren's Normal, in Huntingdon,
(Pa.), for two years.

She was united in marriage with Daniel C. Burkholder, of Fan-
netsburg, (Pa.), on March 4, 1884. Henry B. Brumbaugh, assisted
by James Quinter, performed the marriage ceremony. She and her
husband opened the Old Folks' Home of Southern District of Penn-
sylvania, May 26, 1908, and remained until 1910. Then they returned
to the old home at Newburg, where her husband died February 2,
1917. A year later she took supervision of the " Home " for another
year; but her health did not permit her to continue. After a few
3'ears of retirement at Shippensburg she has come back to the scenes
of her early womanhood and is living in quiet retirement.

BUTTS, J. Elmer, second of four children of the family of William
A. and Alice M. (nee Bowser) Butts, was born in Altoona, (Pa.),
October 11, 1891. His mother was a member of the Church of the
Brethren. After completing Academy at Juniata College, 1916, he
entered college and received his A.B., 1920. He has since done
graduate work at the Pennsylvania State College and Columbia
University, receiving, at the latter place, his A.M., 1925.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Koontz congre-
gation, December, 1907, David T. Detwiler administering baptism.
This congregation called him to the ministry, October, 1912. He
has, however, felt the call of a teacher, and is pursuing that voca-
tion. He has taught in South Woodbury Township two years, and
in Morrison Cove High School five years. Address, Loysburg, (Pa.).

CASSADY, John H., second child of seven children of the family
of William and Ismeme (nee Lyon) Cassady, members of the Church
of the Brethren, was born near Greenland, Grant County, (W. Va.),
October 24, 1871. His parents being farmers, John spent his boyhood
days on the farm and going to public school and State Normal at
Fairmount, (W. Va.), so that at nineteen he began to teach school.

He was united in marriage with Meribah Virginia, daughter of
Simon and Sarah (nee Lyon) Idleman, of Maysville, (W. Va.), on
June 24, 1896, and to them have been born four sons and three
daughters.

408

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

During a revival in Greenland congregation, (W. Va.), conducted
by Silas Hoover, of Somerset, (Pa.), he accepted Christ and united
with the Church of the Brethren,
through baptism administered by
Dennis Clark, December 24, 1895.
The Luney's Creek congregation
(W. Va.) called him to the deacon's
office, April, 1897; the Huntingdon
congregation, while he was attending
college, called him to the ministry,
March 2, 1903; and, through the lay-
ing on of hands by Perry J. Blough,
the Roxbury congregation (W. Va.)
had him ordained.

After their marriage, both he and
his wife continued to teach for two
years, when, through her influence,
they moved to Huntingdon. He en-
tered Juniata preparatory department and completed the Normal
English course in 1902; then the Arts course, receiving his A.B. in
1906. This was a hard struggle for, without resources from which
to draw, he pushed his way through school and made a living for
his family. After two years as principal of the Yeagertown schools,
he accepted the pastorate of the West Johnstown congregation.
When the family moved there, in 1908, there were four houses and
a membership of 285. He divided his time equally among the four
places, and in the six years following, as he and his wife labored
there, he preached 1,313 sermons, held sixty-one weeks of evangel-
istic meetings in his own congregation and thirty-nine weeks in other
congregations, and had the joy of seeing the membership increased
to 1,178. During this period, in total, he received 2,120 people into
church fellowship. September 1, 1914, he entered upon the pastorate
of the Huntingdon congregation, and served this church for three
years, during which time the membership was doubled. On Septem-
ber 1, 1917, he resigned to accept the position of financial secretary
of Juniata College, which position he held until June 1, 1923.

During these years of ministerial labors, such congregations as
Shippensburg, (So. Pa.), Greensburg, Somerset, and Windber, (W.
Pa.), received from him special help at a critical time in their prog-
ress,— work of a type few could render. He has helped to " put over '
the financial program for a number of the larger and costlier church
houses at the time of dedication. His evangelistic labors, both East
and West, have been signally blessed with large ingatherings.

For two years he has had his business headquarters in Philadel-
phia, while his family lives in Huntingdon. During this time he has
preached almost every Sunday, mainly for the Calvary Church of the
Brethren, in Philadelphia, and led it from a struggling mission into
an organized congregation supporting a pastor. Address, Hunting-
don, (Pa.).

CASSADY, Maynard Lamar, oldest of six children of John H. and
Meribah (nee Idleman) Cassady, members of the Church of the

409

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Brethren, and he a bishop, was born near Greenland, (W. Va.), May
11, 1897. He had the advantages of the Johnstown public schools,

graduated from Juniata Preparatory depart-
ment, 1915; from the college, receiving his
A.B., in 1919; from Princeton Theological
Seminary, Th.B., 1923; from Princeton Uni-
versity, A.M., 1923; and also received from
the same institution the Gelston Winthrop
Fellowship in Church History, and spent four-
teen months during 1923-24 in Europe, study-
ing in Berlin and in Tubingen.

In the Roxbury congregation, (W. Pa.),
he united with the Church of the Brethren by
baptism administered by J. Frank Dietz, Octo-
ber 25, 1908. The Huntingdon congregation
called him to the ministry, May 31, 1918. Dur-
ing the summer of 1922 he served as pastor of
the Woodbury congregation, (W. Pa.), and
during 1923 at Pottsville, (S. E. Pa.). While teaching in Juniata
College, during the year 1924-25, he is under engagement to sail for
China during the summer of 1925 to engage in teaching in the Shan-
tung Christian University at Tsienan Fu. His address is Hunting-
don, (Pa.).

CLAAR, Abraham Ickes, eighth of a family of twelve children of
Joseph and Esther (nee Ickes) Claar, members of the church of the

Brethren, was born near Claysburg, Blair
County, (Pa.), November 11, 1847. He availed
himself of common school training and, dur-
ing his manhood, made a living at blacksmith-
ing and keeping a general store.

He was united in marriage with Marian
Martha, daughter of Andrew and Rebecca
(nee Oldham) Mock, the union being solemn-
ized by Samuel A. Moore at New Enterprise,
(Pa.), on July 2, 1871. To them were born
eleven children.

#1 K^B ^n the Clover Creek congregation lie united

m with the Church of the Brethren, in November,

|^ MP! 1870, Leonard Furry administering baptism.

The Upper Claar congregation called him to
the deacon's office in 1885 ; to the ministry,
January 24, 1890; and, in 1898, through the laying on of hands, had
him ordained. He was delegate to both District and Annual Con-
ferences a number of times. He was a lover of song and served
often as leader of church and Sunday-school singing. While yet
very active he was called to his blessed reward on May 19, 1915.
Funeral was held in the Queen Church, conducted by Walter S.
Long, of Altoona, (Pa.), and he lies buried in the Upper Claar
Cemetery.

mw^>

CLAAR, Michael son of Jacob and Matilda (nee Moorhead) Claar,

410

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

was born near Queen, (Pa.), April 22, 1837. He was reared on the
farm, and had received very little education.

He was united in marriage with Mary, daughter of Jacob and
Susan Musselman, on October 21, 1855. To them were born four-
teen children.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in what is now the
Claar congregation, in 1863; it called him to the ministry, October
21, 1877; advanced September 20, 1879, and ordained in 1898. He
gave himself much to evangelistic work, as well as being the only
minister in the home congregation for a long time. As an evangel-
ist on one occasion he preached sixty sermons in fifty-seven days.
Near the close of his life he was almost blind. He died January 15,
1918. Brice Sell preached his funeral sermon. His body lies buried
in the Claar Cemetery.

CLAPPER, David STEELE, third of six children of Henry and Han-
nah (nee Steele) Clapper, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born at Clearridge, Bedford County,
(Pa.), September 2, 1846. He was reared on
the farm and received a common school edu-
cation. He has made his living by farming
and gardening.

He was united in marriage with Susannah,
the daughter of John and Barbara (nee Zook)
Teeter, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, on November 19, 1869. To them were
born two sons and six daughters, one of
whom is Viola Grace, a missionary to China.
Others are : John H., Laura, Willard L., Iva
B., Nellie M., Harriet A., and Lena G.

He became a member of the Church of the
Brethren in the Yellow Creek congregation,
when seventeen years old. In the Snake

Spring Valley congregation he was called to the ministry, September
29, 1871. Those present at the service were Samuel Lidy, of Indi-
ana County; John W. Brumbaugh, Joseph
Snowberger, Jacob Miller, Daniel Snowberger,
and J. W. Replogle.* He was ordained in
1887. He died June 30, 1914, at Scalp Level,
(Pa.). His funeral was preached bv Harvev
S. Replogle. Text, " It is finished," John 19 : 30.
Interment in Berkey Cemetery, five miles from
Scalp Level.

CLAPPER, Henry, was born near Yellow
Creek, February 16, 1822. Pie grew up on the
farm and made good use of the school facili-
ties of his day.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the Yellow Creek (then Hopewell) congre-

* S. A. Moore's report in Christian Family Companion, October 17, 1871.

411

A History of the Church of the Brethren

gation. Here he was called to the ministry in 1858. Thirty years
later he was ordained to the bishopric and had the oversight of his
home congregation until 1894. He was a real shepherd of the flock
and took great interest in the sick. He died May 18, 1897, and his
body lies buried in the Yellow Creek Cemetery.

CLAPPER, Joseph H., sixth of twelve children of the family of
Nathaniel and Annie E. (nee Boor) Clapper, members of the Church
of the Brethren, was born near Yellow Creek, (Pa.), December 27,
1885. While reared on the farm, he made such good use of his op-
portunities for knowledge that he taught six terms of country school.
He, however, has made his living on the farm.

He was united in marriage with Bertha M., daughter of Andrew
B. and Mary A. (nee Hall) Creps, the union being solemnized by
W. W. Barnes, April 9, 1907. To them have been born one son and
eight daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Yellow Creek
congregation, baptism being administered by Samuel Ritchey, in
November, 1907. His home church called him to the ministry, Janu-
ary 31, 1914, and had him ordained, through the laying on of hands
by Ira C. Holsopple and John S. Hershberger, in October, 1921. He
has represented his congregation at District Meeting six times ; at
Annual Meeting four times. Besides doing his part in the ministry
of the home congregation, he has been active in the Sunday-school
field, and holds several revivals each year. His address is Yellow
Creek, (Pa.).

CLAPPER, Viola Grace, seventh of eight children of David Steele
and Susannah (nee Teeter) Clapper, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born near Yellow Creek, Bed-
ford County, (Pa.), February 23, 1887. Her
father was a bishop. After passing through
common school, she entered Juniata College,
and completed the Normal English course,
1909; attended Bethany Bible School, (Chi-
cago), and received her B.S.L., 1917. At
present she is at Juniata, working on her
college course, to better fit herself for her
chosen work.

She united with the Church of the Breth-
ren in the Everett congregation, in May,
1899, John S. Harshberger administering
baptism. She spent six years as a mission-
ary in the Church of the Brethren's Mission
in Shansi, engaged in Educational Mission-
ary work at Showyang.

CORLE, Oliver S., youngest of eleven children of Martin and
Elizabeth (nee Bowers) Corle, members of the Evangelical Church,
was born at Pavia, Bedford County, (Pa.), February 7, 1866.
Through his application in the common schools and summer nor-
mals, he lacked one-half grade for professional certificates. He has

412

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

made his living first at day labor, then school teaching, and is now
directing the manufacturing of handles.

He was united in marriage with Emma J., daughter of Henry and
Ellen (nee Shoemaker) Horner, the union being solemnized by J.
Ellis Bell, on February 22, 1888. To them were born four sons and
four daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren about 1891, in the
Dunnings Creek congregation, John B. Miller, of New Paris, admin-
istering baptism. The Dunnings Creek congregation called him to
the ministry about 1898, and had him ordained about 1907. He has
done some evangelistic work and some fifty-five have united with
Christ through his direct personal effort. His work in the Sunday-
school has been that of a teacher. His home is in Fishertown, (Pa.).

COX, Charles L., fifth of six children of the family of James S.

and Anna S. (nee McAfee) Cox, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born in Warriors Mark, (Pa.),

September 30, 1881. After finishing the grades

he spent one year in Juniata College, and then

taught thirteen years. He is now engaged in

the mercantile business in Frugality, (Pa.).

He was united in marriage with Sara Maude,
daughter of John R. and Elizabeth (nee Hark-
ness) Lehman, members of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, the union being solemnized
by Ellsworth M. Aller, the bride's pastor, at
Warrior's Mark, on November 27, 1902. To
them were born four sons and three daughters.

While attending Juniata College, he united
with the Church of the Brethren, William J.
Swigart administering baptism, in February,
1901. The Tyrone congregation called him to
the ministry, June 29, 1913. He has represented his congregation at
District Meeting five times, — has always been active in Sunday-
school and served as Superintendent
in the Tyrone Sunday-school for
three years, and at Frugality six
years ; — has been active in supply-
ing various churches of the District
during such times as they had no
regular pastor. His home is at Fru-
gality, (Pa.).

COX, Ralph H., last of six children
of James S. and Anna S. (nee
McAfee) Cox, members of the
Church of the Brethren, and the
father a deacon, was born near War-
riors Mark, (Pa.), January 3, 1886.
Besides High School training he has
had Bible work by correspondence.

He was united in marriage with Viola E., daughter of John and

413

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Harriet (nee Chronister) Beck, the union being solemnized by Peter
R. Keltner, November 23, 1910, at Rockford, (TIL). To them were
born three sons and one daughter.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Warriors Mark
congregation, baptism being administered in the Spring of 1904, by
William Howe. Tn the Rockford congregation (N. 111.) he was
called to the deacon's office in 1914; to the ministry in December,
1916; and, through the laying on of hands by John E. Miller and
Samuel S. Plum, he was ordained, December, 1918. He has repre-
sented his congregation eight times at District Meeting and once at
General Conference. He has given his life to pastoral work and has
served in that capacity in the Rockford congregation, (N. 111.),
March, 1917, to 1919; in the Root River congregation, (Minn.), May,
1919, to April, 1923. During the winter of 1919 he took up pastoral
work in the Cherry Lane congregation. As a Sunday-school worker
he has filled every office in the school and was president of the Fil-
more County, (Minn.), Sunday-school Association for one year.
Address, Everett, (Pa.), R. 3.

COX, Samuel Marshall, one of nine children of Joshua and Eliza-
beth (nee Spanogle) Cox, formerly members of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church, but later united with the Church
of the Brethren, was born near Warriors
Mark, (Pa.), April 9, 1816. He was reared on
the farm and there made his living. He had
only a common school education, but was a
great student of the Bible, and used the Word
with power. It is said if one quoted a verse
from the New Testament he would locate it
and very often complete the chapter from
memory, having in his earlier years memorized
the greater portion of the New Testament.

He was united in marriage with Nancy
Agnes, daughter of John and Elizabeth (nee
Grazier) Beck, Christian Long solemnizing
the union. To them were born six sons and
five daughters.
In 1838 he united with the Church of the Brethren by baptism ad-
ministered by Christian Long. In 1855 Warriors Mark congregation
called him to the deacon's office; October 15, 1856, to the ministry;
and later, through the laying on of hands by Christian Long and
Jacob Beck, he was ordained. Once in the ministry, his zeal for the
Lord took him forward in many a good work in Huntingdon, Cam-
bria, Bedford, and Blair Counties. He was in part instrumental in
establishing the Altoona congregation. He represented his congre-
gation at District Meeting and General Conference a number of
times. He was bishop of the Warriors Mark congregation for up-
wards of twenty-five years. When eighty-three years old, in a run-
ning stream, in the month of November, he administered baptism to
seven adults. At about the age of eighty-six his eyesight failed him,
so that he could not read, a great affliction, because he found so
much comfort in reading. His motto reflects well the life of the

414

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

man: "Have communion with few, be intimate with one, deal justly
with all, speak evil of none." After the death of his wife, May 23,
1894, he lived with his two daughters, Mrs. Annie McCartney and
Mrs. Ella C, Coleman, of Juniata, (Pa.). On November 29, 1906,
when within a few months of ninety years of age, he passed to his
haven of rest. Walter S. Long, of Altoona, (Pa.), preached his
funeral sermon, assisted by Joseph W. Wilt and H. Mathews, of the
Presbyterian Church, the latter a lifelong friend of the deceased.

CROSSWHITE, Albert Graham, sixth of a family of ten children
of Jesse and Lavina (nee Thomas) Crosswhite, members of the
Church of the Brethren, was born in Washington County, (Tenn.),
on December 28, 1857. His father was active in church work, having
the oversight of several churches in Tennessee. Albert received a
Normal English education at Maryville and Jonesboro, (Tenn.), and
taught twelve terms of public school.

He was united in marriage to Addie Treadway, daughter of Addi-
son and Elizabeth (nee Hickey) Treadway, on June 8, 1881, at
Embresville, (Tenn.), John M. Wolfe, Methodist minister, officiating.
To them were born one son and four daughters.

In the Limestone congregation, (Tenn.), on January 28, 1877, he
united with the Church of the Brethren, Solomon Arnold administer-
ing baptism. The Oakland congregation, (Tenn.), called him to the
ministry, Autumn, 1879, and the Flora church, (Ind.), had him or-
dained in 1899, William S. Toney and Jacob Cripe laying on hands.

He has represented his congregation at District Meeting fifteen
times and at Annual Meeting ten times. He served on the Standing
Committee at Harrisonburg, (Va.), and Bristol, (Tenn.), both of
which conferences he served as writing clerk.

He was editor of the Conference Daily six times, moderator of
District Meeting twice, and served a term of five years each on the
following boards : Tract Committee, The General Educational
Board, and as secretary of the Mission Board of Middle Indiana.

The greater part of his life has been spent in pastoral work. In
this capacity he has served congregations as follows : Upper Twin,
CO.), from 1887 to 1897; Bachelor Run, (Ind.), 1897 to 1913; Roar-
ing Spring, (Pa.), 1913 to 1918; Rocky Ford, (Colo.), to 1920; Peru,
(Ind.), 1920 to present. He has also served in non-residence the
following congregations : Logansport, Huntingdon, Pyrmont, White,
Adamsboro, Mexico, and Roann, all of Indiana. For several years
he was engaged in evangelistic work, and received hundreds into the
church by baptism. He solemnized more than four hundred mar-
riages and the list of funerals conducted by him is even larger.
Address, Peru, (Ind.).

CULLER, Arthur J., oldest of two children of John and Amanda
(nee Kurtz) Culler, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near Hartville, (O.), March 14, 1883. His desire for an educa-
tion led him to enter Juniata College, where he received the A.B.
degree in 1908. He took the B.D. degree in Union Theological Semi-
nary in 1911, and the Ph.D. in Columbia University in 1912. His
life work is teaching, preaching and lecturing.

415

A History of the Church of the Brethren

He was united in marriage with Mary S., daughter of Emory J.
and Annie (nee Stevens) Stover, the union being solemnized by
Daniel W. Kurtz, on September 28, 1911. To them were born three
sons, of whom the oldest is dead.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Freeburg con-
gregation, on June 12, 1895, being baptized by Joseph J. Hoover.
The Huntingdon congregation (Pa.) called him to the ministry, June
27, 1907. While pastor of the McPherson congregation (Kan.), he
was ordained through the laying on of hands of Eleazar E. John and
Joseph J. Yoder, January 17, 1915. He represented his congregation
at nine District Meetings and seven Annual Meetings. He has
served as pastor as follows: Everett, (Pa.), September, 1906, to
April, 1907; Altoona, (Pa.), supply pastor, May to September, 1907;
Plum Creek, (Pa.), May to September, 1908; Geiger Memorial con-
gregation, Philadelphia, (Pa.), September, 1911, to August, 1914;
McPherson congregation, (Kan.), September, 1914, to August, 1921.
He served as campaign director for Armenian Relief and repre-
sented the Church of the Brethren from January 1, 1919, to January
26, 1920, in Turkey; was member of the General Temperance Com-
mittee, 1917-21, and chairman from 1918-21; was a member of the
Conference committee to prepare a church manual, 1920-21 ; of the
Conference committee to provide suitable and suggestive forms for
the installation of deacons and ministers and the ordination of
preachers, 1918-19, and was regular instructor at the Bible Institutes
of the General Conference.

On September 1, 1921, he withdrew from the Church of the Breth-
ren and united with the Christian (Disciples) Church, and accepted
a position in their college at Hiram, (O.), where he is at present
dean and professor of New Testament and Church History. He is
a member of the Prayer Meeting Topics Committee of the Inter-
national convention of the Disciples of Christ, and is the author of
the Bethany Bible Student and Teachers' Monthly, — the official senior

and adult Sunday-school publication
of the Disciples of Christ. His resi-
dence is Hiram, (O.).

DETWILER, Andrew J., third of
eight children of John and Emma
(nee Enyeart) Detwiler, members of
the Church of the Brethren, was
born near Williamsburg, (Pa.), July
14, 1874. He attended public school
and six terms at Juniata College,
taught two terms of school, and for
a living is engaged in mercantile
pursuits and the manufacture of
forest products.
Pie was united in marriage to
Anna Cenora, daughter of Jacob and Hannah (nee Reiff) Bolton,
members of the Church of the Brethren, the union being solemnized
by Abram L. Grater, October 31, 1907. The bride had united with
the Church of the Brethren in First Philadelphia congregation,

416

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

March 22, 1902. Besides common schools, she completed a business
course in Banks Business College and nine months' training in the
Episcopal Hospital. To this union were born four children, — How-
ard B., Gladys Ruth, Andrew Leon, and Byron Lee, all members of
the church.

While at Huntingdon attending college he united with the Church
of the Brethren, about 1898. The Fairview congregation called him
to the ministry, June 10, 1900. He has represented his congregation
at District Meeting twice; served as superintendent about eight
years and has been a teacher over twenty years. His address is
Williamsburg, (Pa.).

DETWILER, David Teeter, youngest of three children of the fam-
ily of Daniel and Elizabeth (nee Teeter) Detwiler, members of the
Church of the Brethren, was born
near Martinsburg, Blair Countv,
(Pa.), December 11, 1854. Though
reared on the farm, he prepared him-
self to teach public school; and for
five years after beginning to teach he
attended summer normals and then
taught school for eighteen and one-
half terms.

He was united in marriage with
Susan Amanda, daughter of Isaac
and Malinda (nee Amick) Kagarise,
the union solemnized by W. B. Smith,
October 8, 1879. To them were born
five children, namely, S. Clarence,
Edgar M., Chalmers I., Lottie A.
(deceased), and Eva M. His wife died December 21, 1915.

In the New Enterprise congregation he united with the Church
of the Brethren by baptism administered by Joseph Z. Replogle, in
May, 1880. This congregation called him to the ministry in Decem-
ber, 1883, and, by the laying on of hands by James A. Sell and
Samuel J. Swigart, had him ordained, September 4, 1897. He has
been a teacher in the Sunday-school almost all the time since he
became a member of the church; has served several years as super-
intendent; frequently represented his congregation at District Meet-
ing and fourteen times at General Conference. He has done some
evangelistic work with very good success. He has solemnized over
one hundred marriages and preached several hundred funerals. He
has been a member of the Home Mission Board 1915'-20, and since
1922. Since August 3, 1912, he has been bishop of the New Enter-
prise congregation. Address, New Enterprise, (Pa.).

DETWILER, Edgar Marion, second of five children of the family
of David T. and Susan (nee Kagarise) Detwiler, members of the
Church of the Brethren, was born near New Enterprise, (Pa.), May
22, 1883. His father is the bishop of the New Enterprise congrega-
tion. Edgar graduated from the South Woodbury Township schools

417

A History of the Church of the Brethren

in 1899; began teaching when seventeen; in all, taught nine terms
public school and, besides, eight summer normals for training teach-
ers, four of which he was principal ; graduated
in the Normal English course at Juniata in
1906, and received his A.B. from the same
institution in 1912.

He was united in marriage with Grace,
daughter of Levi H. and Fannie (nee Rhodes)
Brumbaugh, the union being solemnized by
David T. Detwiler, on July 30, 1913.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the New Enterprise congregation, through
baptism administered by Levi F. Holsinger,
on February 29, 1896; the same congregation
called him to the ministry and he was installed
by Orville V. Long, assisted by William S.
Ritchey and Jacob Koontz, on December 29,
1906. The Roxbury congregation (W. Pa.)
had him ordained through the laying on of hands by M. Clyde
Horst and Samuel W. Pearce. His life is given to pastoral work,
and he has served congregations as follows: Norristown, (Pa. S. E.),
August 1, 1912, to July 1, 1915; Roxbury, (W. Pa.), July 1, 1915,
and continue. From 1906-' 12 he was Sunday-school secretary for
Middle District of Pennsylvania, during which time the District
adopted a constitution and effected a District organization by elect-
ing departmental superintendents. He has represented his congre-
gation at District Meeting nine times; at General Conference four
times; served on Standing Committee at Winona Lake, (Ind.), in
1919, and at Hershey Park, (Pa.), 1924. Since 1920 he is a member
of the District Mission Board (W. Pa.) ; was moderator of the Dis-
trict Ministerial Meeting, 1919; moderator of the District Meeting
held at Somerset in 1924. His home is at the parsonage, 14 Sell
Street, Johnstown, (Pa.).

DIBERT, Daniel Webster, oldest of four children of John S. and
Sarah (nee Rawlins) Dibert, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born near Everett, (Pa.), July 24, 1861. He was reared on
the farm and has made a success of farming during his life. He
received only a common school education.

He was united in marriage with Susannah C, daughter of John
B. and Nancy (nee Clapper) Smith, members of the Church of the

Brethren, the union being solemnized by G P. Probes, a minister

in the Lutheran Church, December 20, 1882. To them were born
four sons and two daughters,— John C, E R., William R., Wal-
ter J., Millie E., and Elsie V.

In April, 1885, he united with the Church of the Brethren in the
Snake Spring congregation, baptism being administered by William
S. Ritchey. About 1895, this congregation called him to the dea-
con's office; then to the ministry, in the Spring of 1904, Walter
S. Long officiating; and, through the laying on of hands by
David A. Stayer and Ira C. Holsopple, had him ordained, June
23, 1923. He has represented his congregation at District Meeting

418

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

three times and once at General Conference. His address is Clear-
ville, (Pa.).

DIEHM, Edgar G., youngest of four children of Oliver W. and
Emma L. (nee Graybill) Diehm, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born at Elm, Lancaster County, (Pa.), November 25,
1891. After completing the preparatory course at Elizabethtown
College, (Pa.), in 1913, he entered Juniata College, and received his
A.B. in 1917; then from Crozer Theological Seminary, (Pa.), his
B.D., 1920. He has been making teaching his vocation, and has been
instructor in South High School, Youngstown, (O.), since 1920.

He was united in marriage with Maude, the daughter of Isaac and
Anna (nee Strite) Hertzler, members of the Church of the Brethren
living at Elizabethtown, (Pa.), the union being solemnized by Daniel
C. Reber, June 15, 1917. The bride had united with the Church of
the Brethren in 1903. She had three years' work, (completed no
particular course), at Elizabethtown College, (Pa.). To this union
four children were born,— Mary J., Joseph, Ann, William.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Elizabethtown,
(E. Pa.), congregation, baptism being administered by Earl E.
Eshelman, in 1909. The Huntingdon congregation called him to the
ministry, May 9, 1915. He has represented his congregation at Dis-
trict Meeting once and at General Conference once; has served as
pastor in the Klahr congregation, (M. Pa.), 1916-July, 1917; Roy-
ersford, (S. E. Pa.), July, 1917-September, 1920; Associate pastor
in the Woodworth congregation, (N. E. O.), 1922-23; and pastor
since 1923. His address is R. 4, Market Street Extension, Youngs-
town, (O.).

DILLING, Elvin Paui,, sixth of ten children of George Hoover
and Nancy Ann (nee Replogle) Dilling, was born in Saxton, (Pa.),
May 10, 1897. His parents are members of the Church of the
Brethren and the father a deacon. Paul had the advantages of his
town high school and then followed his father's occupation, rural
mail carrier, for a living.

He was united in marriage with Ethel M., daughter of Wilson
Roy and Alary Catherine (nee Eastright) Garbaugh, Mitchell Stover
solemnizing the union July 7, 1919. To them was born one son.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Stonerstown
congregation, in May, 1906, Harvey S. Replogle administering bap-
tism. He was called to the ministry, March 30, 1923. He has been
active as Sunday-school teacher, superintendent and circuit visitor in
behalf of the Sunday-school work, both for his own denomination
and for the State Sabbath School Association. Address, Hope-
well, (Pa.).

DIVELY, Frederic Claar, third of eight children of Bartholomew
and Rachel (nee Claar) Dively, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born at Klahr, Bedford County, (Pa.), December 18,
1849. He was reared on the farm, learned the blacksmithing trade
and made his living farming mountain sides and hammering iron.
He had the advantage of common school education.

419

A History of the Church of the Brethren

He was united in marriage with Susan, daughter of Henry and
Elizabeth (nee Musselman) Walter, the union being solemnized at

Klahr, by Daniel Shock, Esquire, August 27,
1871. To them were born five children: Ida,
Elizabeth, Elmer, Lorenzo, and Marietta. The
wife died August 17, 1892. He was united in
marriage the second time with Annie, daughter
of John and Annie (nee Lingenfelter) Cush-
man, the union being solemnized at Bakers
Summit by Michael Claar, June 15, 1896.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the Clover Creek congregation, Leonard
Furry administering baptism, in November,
1870. The Claar congregation called him to
the deacon's office in 1872 ; to the ministry,
July 17, 1880; and, through the laying on of
hands by Henry B. Brumbaugh and Samuel
Swigart, had him ordained in 1898. He
preached more funeral sermons in the section where he lived than
any other minister. His home is near Klahr, (Pa.).

DIVELY, Taylor Lawrence, third of five children of George G.
and Juniata (nee Musselman) Dively, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born at Klahr, Blair County,
(Pa.), June 2, 1894. Reared on the farm, he
still had the advantages of common school
education, which enabled him to enter Juniata
College and graduate from the Normal En-
glish course in 1916. Besides he pursued spe-
cial studies in Bible and music. He is making
his living teaching, farming and fruit growing.
He was united in marriage with Ella,
daughter of Adolphus and Delia (nee^ Cole-
baugh) Weyant, the union being solemnized at
Huntingdon by Samuel Weyant, August 27,
1919. To them were born one son and one
daughter.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the Huntingdon congregation, baptism being
administered by Tobias T. Myers, in January, 1912. The Claar con-
gregation (M. Pa.) called him to the ministry, August 20, 1916, and
had him ordained, through the laying on of hands by James A. Sell
and John B. Miller, May 30, 1920. He has represented his congrega-
tion eight times at District Meeting and twice at General Conference.
He served as superintendent of the Claar Sunday-school, 1913-'20;
vice-president of the Fifth District County Sunday-school Associ-
ation, 1920-'23, and president, 1924; superintendent of Temperance
for Church of the Brethren, 1921-'22. Fie has served as bishop of
the Claar congregation since 1921. His address is Klahr, (Pa.).

DIXON, Andrew Martin, first of six children of Andrew M. and
Regina (nee Holmes) Dixon, members of the Lutheran Church, was

420

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

born in Brooklyn, (N. Y.), October 4, 1890. He spent his early life
in the city of his birth ; began his preparatory work in Elizabethtown
College, and completed it in Juniata
College, 1913; Bethany Bible School,
1915; Ursinus College, (Pa.), A.B.,
1917, and was Graduate student of
University of Pennsylvania, 1917-'18;
1922-'23; 1924-'25.

He was united in marriage with
Elizabeth, daughter of John H. and
Elizabeth (nee Becker) Kline, the
union being solemnized at Elizabeth-
town, (Pa.), by the bride's father,
July 21, 1915. To them were born
one son and one daughter.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren in the Brooklyn, (N. Y.),
congregation, through baptism ad-
ministered by J. Kurtz Miller, October 4, 1908. The Brooklyn con-
gregation called him to the ministry, August 23, 1910, and the Claar
congregation had him ordained, through the laving on of hands by
James A. Sell and Albert G. Crosswhite, June 10, 1914. He has
represented his congregation at District Meeting ten times ; at Gen-
eral Conference four times. He served as pastor of the Claar con-
gregation, 1911 -'15. The field was ripe for the harvest, and many
were gathered into the church during his pastorate. He then took
up the work at Parkerford, where he continues. He has done con-
siderable evangelistic work. His home is at Parkerford, (Pa.).

DUPLER, Alphaeus William, eldest of four children of the fam-
ily of. Melancthon and Elizabeth (nee Beery) Dupler, members (the
father a deacon) of the Church of

the Brethren, was born near Thorn-
ville, Perry County, (O.), July 27,
1883. Though reared on the farm,
he turned his attention to educational
pursuits, and prepared himself for
teaching as follows : 1905-06, student
in Bible Institute at Canton, (O.) ;
1907-11, Juniata College, degree
A.B.; one year, 1909-10, was spent in
Ursinus College, (Pa.) ; 1914-16,
graduate student University of Chi-
cago,— degrees, M.S., December, 1914,
Ph.D., June, 1916. As a member of
the faculty he served in Juniata Col-
lege, 1911-14; instructor in Central
Y. M. C. A., Chicago, 1914-16; professor of Botany in Lawrence Col-
lege, (Wis.), 1916-17; professor of Biology in Bridgewater College,
(Va.), 1917-19; in 1919 returned to Juniata College as professor of
Biology, which position he now holds. Serves as Registrar of the
College and Director of the Summer Session.

421

A History of the Church of the Brethren

He was united in marriage with Olive E, daughter of Joseph Z.
and Emma (nee Miller) Replogle, of New Enterprise, (Pa.), Walter
S. Long solemnizing the union in Altoona, (Pa.), on September 4,
1906. The bride had united with the Church of the Brethren in the
New Enterprise congregation, in 1892. She completed the Normal
English course at Juniata College in 1900; the Academy course in
1903; and spent one year in the Bible Institute at Canton, (O.). She
served as General Secretary of the Sisters' Aid Society of the fra-
ternity, 1912-13, and President of the Mothers' and Daughters' Asso-
ciation, 1918-21. To Brother and Sister Dupler were born four chil-
dren.— Emmert Parker, Dorothy, Donald A. and Frances E.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Olivet (for-
merly Jonathan's Creek) congregation, (N. E. O.), baptism being
administered by Quincy Leckrone, November, 1895. This congrega-
tion called him to the ministry, being installed October 8, 1904. He
served his home congregation for three years (1904-1907) as the only
active, resident minister. During 1909-10 he was pastor of the
Royersford congregation (S. E. Pa.). The Huntingdon congrega-
tion, (Pa.), through the laying on of hands by Walter S. Long and
John C. Swigart, had him ordained, May 4, 1921. He has repre-
sented his congregation at District Meeting five times, and three
times to General Conference. His address is Huntingdon, (Pa.).

EBY, Enoch, fifth of nine children of Jacob and Susannah (nee
Myers) Eby, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born near

Waterloo, Juniata County, (Pa.), November
15, 1828. He pressed on with an education
beyond the common schools until he was per-
mitted to teach and alternated winter school
teaching with farming in the summer for a
number of years. He "went west ': and made
his living on the farm, residing, between
1855-87, first at Chelsea, then near Lena, and
afterwards near Orangeville, all within the
bounds of the Waddams Grove congregation,
Jo Davis County, (111.). At this date he
moved to Darlow, (Ks.), and remained until
1901, when he returned to Lena, (111.)-

He was united in marriage with Hettie.
eleventh of twelve children of Joseph and
Hannah Howe, members of the Church of the
Brethren, living near Mechanicsburg, (Pa.), the union being sol-
emnized by Graybill Myers, November 19, 1847. To them were
born eight children, the following reaching maturity : John, David,
Annetta, Mary, Susan, Hettie, and Levi. His wife died January
28, 1861. Then he was united in marriage with Anna G. Gilfillen,
William Howe solemnizing this union, March 10, 1864. To them one
son was born, and died when about four years old.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Aughwick con-
gregation while the family was living near Concord, in Franklin
County, (Pa.), in 1845. This congregation called him to the min-
istry in 1851; the Waddams Grove congregation (111.) had him

422

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ordained, June 10, 1864. From this time on he was regular in
attendance at District Meetings and General Conferences, usually
representing his congregation in some official way. He served on the
Standing Committee as follows :

1873 Myersdale, (Pa.).*

1874 Macoupin County, (111.).*

1875 Covington, (O.), Reading Clerk.

1876 DeGraff, (O.), Reading Clerk.

1877 New Enterprise, (Pa.), Reading Clerk.

1878 North Manchester, (Ind.), Moderator.

1879 Broadway, (Va.), Reading Clerk.

1880 Lanark, (111.), Moderator.

1881 Ashland, (O.), Moderator.

1882 Arnold's, (Ind.), Moderator.

1883 Bismark Grove, (Kan.), Moderator.

1884 Dayton, (O.), Moderator.

1887 Ottawa, (Kan.), Moderator.

1888 North Manchester, (Ind.), Moderator.

1889 Harrisonburg, (Va.), Doorkeeper.

1890 Pertle Springs, (Mo.). Moderator.

1891 Hagerstown, (Md.), Member.

1894 Myersdale, (Pa.), Moderator.

1895 Decatur, (111.), Moderator.
1899 Roanoke, (Va.), Member.

In 1877 he and his wife were sent, with Daniel Fry and wife, to
organize and help establish the church which Christian Hope was
starting in Denamark. He served as a member of the General Mis-
sion Board of the Church of the Brethren in 1880, 1884, 1893-98; he
served as president of the Board, 1880, 1884-98.f He served on many
important committees by the appointment of General Conference.

A few years before his death he returned to his old home at Lena,
(111.), where, on April 26, 1910, he died and was buried in the Chelsea
Cemetery. Galen B. Royer preached
his funeral.

EDWARDS, Emanuex Andrew,
fifth of nine children of John Wes-
ley and Rosenna (nee Householder)
Edwards, members of the Church of
God, was born at Six Mile Run,
(Pa.), September 23, 1883. He was
reared on the farm and has only the
training of the common school.

He was united in marriage with
Mary C, daughter of Martin H. and
Emma (nee Boiler) Brumbaugh, the
union being solemnized by John H.
Brumbaugh, on October 17, 1907. To
them were born two sons and one daughter.

* No record of officers.

t See Thirty-three Years of Missions^ by Galen B. Royer, pp. 438-9.

423

A History of the Church of the Brethren

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Fairview con-
gregation, baptism being administered by Levi H. Holsinger, on
January 5, 1905. The Raven Run congregation called him to the
ministry, October 30, 1921, John P. Harris and Henry H. Brum-
baugh officiating at the service. He has been an active worker in the
Sunday-school, serving as superintendent for two years in the Raven
Run congregation and two years in the Smithfield congregation.
Address, Loysburg, (Pa.).

ELLIS, Charles Calvert, first of a family of five children of Henry
J. and Kate (nee Kane) Ellis, members of the Methodist Church,

was born in Washington, (D. C),
July 21, 1874. He attended the pub-
lic schools of Baltimore and then
pursued educational work with the
following results : Juniata College,
B.E., 1890: M.E., 1892; A.B., 1898;
Illinois Wesleyan, A.M., 1903; Ph.D.,
1904; Universitv of Pennsylvania,
Ph.D., 1907; Temple University,
B.D., 1920; attended Princeton Semi-
nary, 1919-20; Harvard University,
summer, 1922.

He was united in marriage with

Emma S., daughter of John H. and

Emma (nee Reed) Nice, of Perki-

omenville, (Pa.), William M. Howe

and William Hammond solemnizing the union, December 25, 1902.

To them were born two sons, — Calvert Nice and John Dwight.

Through James Quinlan's Bible School in Baltimore, he learned of
the Church of the Brethren, and united with her in the Woodbury
congregation, (Md.), through baptism administered by Amos Kaylor,
April 17, 1887. The Huntingdon congregation called him to the
ministry, November 10, 1894, and, through the laying on of hands by
Walter S. Long and John C. Swigart, had him ordained, September
10, 1919. Since January 1, 1924, he serves the Huntingdon congre-
gation as its bishop. He served as associate pastor, First Church of
the Brethren, Philadelphia, during 1917-18; its pastor, October, 1918,
to July, 1921; its bishop, January, 1919, to 1922. He has repre-
sented his congregation at District Meeting twice; at General Con-
ference, once; served on 1922 Standing Committee at Winona Lake
Conference.

He is a weekly contributor to the Sunday-school Times, of Phila-
delphia, since 1919; contributing editor to the Bible Champion since
1922; in 1923 was elected the five-year member to the new Sunday-
school Board for Middle District, (Pa.). He is the author of third
part of Studies in Doctrine and Devotion, published by the Brethren
Publishing House, Elgin, (III), later published separately as The
Christian Way of Life, with introduction by John H. Moore, and
The Religion of Religious Psychology, published by the Sunday-
school Times Company, Philadelphia. One of his most far-reaching
influences is the lecture platform, where he speaks to the many at

424

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

county institutes, Bible and Sunday-school conferences, Young Men's
Christian Associations, High School Commencements and other occa-
sions, in many of the states of the Union.

He has been a member of Juniata College faculty since 1907, occu-
pying the chair of Education; vice-president since 1917; and acting
president, June 1 to December 1, 1924. Address, Huntingdon, (Pa.).

ELLIS, Calvert Nice, first of two sons of the family of Charles C.
and Emma (nee Nice) Ellis, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born April 16, 1904. After having received his preparatory edu-
cation in the Juniata Academy and Princeton Preparatory School he
entered the college and received his A.B. with the class of 1923.
During the school year, 1923-24, he taught History in the Lewistown
High School; during the summer of 1924, taught in Slippery Rock
State Normal ; he has entered Princeton Seminary for a course in
Theology.

During a revival conducted by George W. Flory, he united with
the Church of the Brethren in the Huntingdon, (Pa.), congregation,
through baptism administered January 20, 1914, by Tobias T. Myers.
This congregation called him to the ministry, May 31, 1922. He
has been active as a Sunday-school teacher and leader in other
young people's endeavors. During 1923-24 he served as president
of the Middle District Young People's Council. Address, Hunting-
don, (Pa.).

EMMERT, JESSE Benedict, first of four children of Joseph F. and
Eliza (nee Benedict) Emmert, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born near Waynesboro,
(Pa.), October 11, 1873. The father
was a skilled patternmaker and in-
ventor,— and a very devout deacon in
the church. Jesse grew up in town,
attended public school, spent vaca-
tions in the pattern shop and served
an apprenticeship of three and one-
half years, learning the patternmak-
ers trade. He graduated in Juniata
College, receiving his A.B. in 1902.

He was united in marriage with
Gertrude, daughter of Abram S. and
Susan (nee Fridley) Rowland, of
Hagerstown, (Md.), February 23,
1905. This ceremony was solemnized
at Bulsar, India, by Daniel L. Miller. To them were born one son
and two daughters. The wife died November 7, 1924.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Antietam con-
gregation, (Pa.), John B. Ruthrauff administering baptism, on De-
cember 29, 1895. In the winter of 1899, while at Juniata College, he
became a " volunteer ' for missiona^ service ; chosen as Sunday-
school secretary for Middle Pennsylvania, April, 1900. The Hunt-
ingdon congregation called him to the ministry, May 11, 1901;
and, through the laying on of hands by Wilbur B. Stover and

425

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Tacob M. Blough, the Bulsar congregation (India) had him or-
dained, in 1909.

At the April 16, 1902, District Meeting of Middle Pennsylvania his
recommendation to support a missionary in India was approved, and
the schools selected him to be their representative on the field. Gen-
eral Conference, that year, approved of his going and, on October
28, 1902, he set sail from New York for his new field.

His labors on the India field may be briefly summed up as follows :
first nine years, engaged in industrial missions, — directing carpentry,
weaving, tailoring, gardening and building. The balance of the fif-
teen years was devoted to general station work. He served as Dis-
trict Sunday-school secretary for fourteen years ; had the oversight
of the Bulsar congregation two years ; the Jalalpor congregation four
years; was secretary of the field committee for eight years; editor of
the Gujarati Sunday-school Quarterly four years, two years of
which he wrote the lesson comments himself; was moderator of the
India District Conference in 1911 and 1918; and represented the
India District on Standing Committee at Winona Lake, (Ind.), 1910
and 1919; and Southern California District at Hershey, 1924. At
this last Conference, he succeeded Henry C. Early as member of the
General Mission Board.

Failing health of his wife has compelled him to remain at home
since March, 1919. In this time he finished his Divinity course and
received the degree of B.D. at Juniata, 1921, and is at present director
of Religious Education, Pacific Coast Region ; trustee, acting presi-
dent for a few months and professor of English Bible and Missions
in La Verne College, (Calif.). Address, La Verne, (Calif.).

ESHELMAN, Earl Emerson, youngest of two children of David
H. and Jane (nee Irvin) Eshelman, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Wooster, (O.), July 24, 1884. His mother
died when he was but four years old. After completing high school
in Waynesboro, (Pa.), he continued his education and received the
following degrees; Juniata College, B.S.L., 1907; Wheaton College,
(111.), A.B., 1912; Bethany Bible School, (Chicago), B.D., 1913;
student at University of Chicago two quarters in 1915; Chicago
School of Civics and Philanthropy, one and a half quarters, 1915-16.
He was teacher in Elizabethtown College, 1907-10; part time in-
structor in Bethany Bible School, 1913-16; member of the Mission
Board of Northwestern Ohio, 1919; president of Fostoria, (O.),
Public Welfare League, 1919-20.

He was united in marriage with Anna Frances, daughter of Abram
S. and Martha (nee Sprenkle) Heefner, members of the Church of
the Brethren, of Waynesboro, (Pa.), John Ruthrauff solemnizing the
union, July 17, 1907. To them were born four children, but only a
son survives, E. Robert.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Waynesboro
congregation, (Pa.), Frederic D. Anthony administering baptism,
January 14, 1900. While attending college at Juniata he was called
to the ministry, May 18, 1906, and, while pastor, the Batavia con-
gregation, (111.), had him ordained, through the laying on of hands
by John H. Moore and Paul Mohler, September 28, 1913. He has

426

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

represented his congregation at District Meeting ten times ; at Gen-
eral Conference, six times, and served on the Standing Committee at
Hershey, (Pa.), 1918, and Sedalia, (Mo.), 1920. His Sunday-school
activities have included service as superintendent and teacher from
time to time. As pastor he has served the following congregations :
Batavia, (111.), 1911-13; Douglas Park Mission, (Chicago), 1913-16;
Root River, (Minn.), 1916-18; Fostoria, (O.), 1918-20; Logan, (O.),
1920-22; South Red Cloud or Garfield Community Church, (Neb.),
since September 1, 1922. His address is Red Cloud, (Neb.).

ESHELMAN, John, a minister in the Yellow Creek congregation,
who served the Church of the Brethren in the ministry about
thirty years, died February 8, 1876, aged seventy-four years and
seven days.

FEATHER, Homer, second of six children of the family of

George A. and Annie N. (nee Hoover)

Feather, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born at Roaring Spring, (Pa.),

April 27, 1897. After passing his grammar

grades he completed Altoona High School

and Juniata College, receiving his A.B.,

1922. At present he is assistant manager of

the Harry J. Kerlin Furniture Company, of

Altoona.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the First Church, Altoona, (Pa.), Walter
S. Long administering baptism, July 9, 1909.
This congregation called him to the ministry,
September 7, 1921, Tobias T. Myers officiat-
ing at the installation service. He resides in
Altoona, (Pa.).

FLEMING, Joseph H., fourth of nine children of John and Sarah
(nee Allen) Fleming, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near McVeytown, (Pa.), February 16, 1885. Reared on the
farm, he had the advantage of a common school education. He has
made his living as a forgeman and farmer.

He was united in marriage with Katherine, daughter of Daniel and
Leonora (nee Gott) Seal, the union being solemnized by F. W.
Brown, a minister of the Reformed Church in Beoner Springs, May
1, 1907. To this union were born four sons and two daughters. The
wife united with the Church of the Brethren, February 7, 1915, and
died November 7, 1918. On November 15, 1919, he was united in
marriage with Vina, daughter of William M. and Ada E (nee
Peters) Wagner. To this union were born two daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Lewistown con-
gregation, Harry A. Spanogle administering baptism, March 15, 1908.
In the Dry Valley congregation he was called to the deacon's office,
May 17, 1919; to the ministry, October 6, 1923. He has represented
his congregation once at District Meeting ; is active as a Sunday-
school teacher. Address, Lewistown, (Pa.), R. 4.

427

A History of the Church of the Brethren

FlyUCK, John B., last of seven children of Tobias and Nancy Anna
(nee Snider) Fluck, members of the Church of the Brethren, was

born in the " Big Stone House " in South
Woodbury Township, Bedford County, (Pa.),
September 29, 1829. Though reared on the
farm, he was eager for all the education he
could command. Besides the common school
training at home, he attended a school in
Bedford conducted by Thomas J. Harris.
R. Gettys, County Superintendent, is-

sued a teacher's professional certificate to him,
dated October 25, 1854, and two years later a
State Permanent Certificate was given him.
Few men in Bedford County took a more pro-
gressive stand under the new Public School
System enacted in 1852, than did John B.
Fluck. He taught school for twelve years,
engaged in farming, lumbering, and from
1852 did much land surveying, his services reaching over the Counties
of Bedford, Fulton, Huntingdon, Blair, Cambria, Westmoreland,
Fayette, and Somerset.

He was united in marriage with Mary G. Obcr, August 26, 1852.
To them were born three children, — Frank B., a mining and civil
engineer of Somerset County, to whom the editor is indebted for in-
formation in this biography, as well as a photograph when his father
was eighty years old; Melissa J. and Harry O., the latter deceased.

He united with the Church of the Brethren at the Steele's Church,
(Hopewell congregation, called Yellow Creek), Solomon Buckalew
administering baptism, December 15, 1877. At a lovefeast in the
Snake Spring congregation, held June 6, 1879, he was called to the
ministry and, in 1904, ordained. He was chosen the first secretary
of the Snake Spring Valley congregation, and served in the office
for a number of years. He died January 6, 1915, and his body lies
buried in the New Enterprise Cemetery.

FUNK, Abraham L., was a minister in the Aughwick congregation,
born August 13, 1811. He was called to the deacon's office in 1844;
to the ministry in 1847, and, through the laying on of hands, was
ordained October 16, 1871. He did much for the cause, though he
labored mostly in his home congregation. He died August 22, 1881,
and is buried in the German Valley Cemetery.

FURRY, John B., was born July 24, 1829. He was married to
Elizabeth Snowberger and to them were born the following children :
Sarah, Daniel, Hannah, Frank, and Leonard. He united with the
Church of the Brethren in the Yellow Creek congregation (now New
Enterprise) and served the church in the ministry both in Yellow
Creek and Dunnings Creek congregations. He died December 18,
1863, and is buried in the New Enterprise Cemetery.

FURRY, Leonard, son of John Furry, a member of the Reformed
Church, was born near New Enterprise, in Bedford County, (Pa.),

428

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

July 15, 1805. He received a common school education and made his
living by farming.

He was united in marriage with Hannah, daughter of Samuel
Brown, and to them were born eight children, as follows : Jacob,
Magdaline, Samuel John, Elizabeth, Catherine, Sarah, Anna, and
Delilah.

After his marriage he united with the Church of the Brethren in
the Yellow Creek (now New Enterprise) congregation. This con-
gregation called him to the deacon's office; then to the ministry, in
1851 ; to the bishopric, April, 1876. During his ministry he would
once or twice a year make a tour of the churches in Pennsylvania,
sometimes reaching over into Ohio or Virginia, and a few times, still
more distant points were reached. He served once on Standing
Committee and attended regularly the District Meetings of his Dis-
trict and many of the Annual Meetings of his time. He was a fre-
quent correspondent to the church papers that sprang up near the
close of his life. He died December 8, 1877, and lies buried in the
New Enterprise Cemetery.

FYOCK, Abraham, third son of seven children of Jacob and Bar-
bara (nee Reighard) Fyock, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born in Conemaugh Township, Cambria County, (Pa.), Novem-
ber 30, 1844. " His early life was spent on the farm with his parents,
until the time of the Civil War, when he enlisted, serving as a pri-
vate in Company F, 198th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers. He
was wounded in one of the battles, and was present with his regiment
when General Lee surrendered." He returned to his home and lived
on the farm most of his life.

He was united in marriage with Nancy, daughter of Samuel and
Catherine (nee Good) Varner, the union being solemnized by Solo-
mon Benshoff, on November 20, 1865. To them were born eight
children, of whom Samuel H., Jane, the wife of Scott Wilson ; Sarah,
the wife of Benjamin Strayer ; Elizabeth, the wife of John W. Mills;
James W. and John C. grew to maturity. The mother died in April,
1914. Then, in the Fall of 1916, he was united in marriage with
Barbara Callihan, of the Dunnings Creek congregation, in Bedford
County, where he made his home until his death.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Walnut Grove
congregation (W. Pa.). Here he was called to the ministry, Septem-
ber 29, 1887, and, through the laying on of hands by Emanuel J.
Blough and Jacob Holsopple, was ordained, December 28, 1899. He
was bishop of the Walnut Grove congregation from 1899 to 1912;
also for some years of Bolivar and Rockton congregations. He was
a regular attendant at District and General Conferences, often repre-
senting his congregation. On February 14, 1919, while getting ready
to visit his children, he took a stroke of apoplexy and died without
uttering a word. His funeral was preached by Albert Berkley; text,
Genesis 5 : 24. His body lies buried in Eocust Grove Cemetery, near
the place he was born.*

* Quotations from James W. Fyock's article in Gospel Messenger, and data other-
wise furnished by him.

429

A History of the Church of the Brethren

FYOCK, James W., sixth of eight children of the family of
Abraham and Nancy (nee Varner) Fyock, members of the Church
of the Brethren, was born in Johnstown, (Pa.), August 10, 1879.
His father was bishop, for a number of years, of the Johnstown and
Dunnings Creek congregations. He passed the grade schools of his
native city and did some special work at Mount Morris College,
(111.). For fifteen years he had been traveling salesman. In 1920,
when he took up pastor work at $1,500.00 salary, he gave up a job
that was paying him $3,000.00 per year.

He was united in marriage with Annie, daughter of John A. and
Susan (nee Dickey) Strayer, the union being solemnized by Silas S.
Rlough, August 25, 1898. To them were born Kathryn Alberta, Erma
DeRoy, and Milford H., all members of the Church of the Brethren.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Walnut Grove
congregation, (W. Pa.), his father administering baptism, in the Fall
of 1900. This congregation called him to the ministry, June 5, 1905;
and had him advanced, June 29, 1910, his father and William M.
Howe officiating. The Pine Creek congregation, (N. 111.), had him
ordained, through the laying on of hands by William E. West and
Marvin M. Sherrick, January 8, 1922. He has represented his con-
gregation twice at District Meeting, and at General Conference four
times. Ever since a member of the church he has been a Sunday-
school teacher and was superintendent of the Walnut Grove (W.
Pa.) Sunday-school for several years. He was pastor of the Pine
Creek congregation (N. 111.) from 1920 to 1923, and is now pastor
of the Tyrone congregation (M. Pa.), since June 1, 1923. Address,
Tyrone, (Pa.).

GARBER, Chari.es W., fourth of thirteen children of John B. and
Catherine (nee Gontz) Garber, members of the Church of God, was
born in Bedford County, (Pa.), March 10, 1853. He had little intel-
lectual training and made his living on the farm.

He was united in marriage three times. First, with Sarah L. Dick,
and to this union three sons and three daughters were born. Second,

to Mary Sturgeon, and to this union three
girls were born. Third, to Mrs. Jane Lehman.
He united with the United Zion Church and
served that body in the ministry for twenty-
three years. In 1915 he was received into the
Church of the Brethren, in the Albright con-
gregation, not only in membership, but the
church honored his ministry on the same day.
He has shared the ministerial labors of both
the Albright and Queen congregations.

GARVER, John E., was born in Franklin
County, (Pa.), in 1842. Besides the training
of meagre common school education, he was a
careful student of the Word of God. He made
his living on the farm.
1865, he was united in marriage with Anna

On February
Bowman.

430

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

The Aughwick congregation called him to the deacon's office in
1881; to the ministry, June 3, 1882; and, through the laying on of
hands, had him ordained to the bishopric, May 31, 1901. He died
April 9, 1914. Interment in the Germany Valley Cemetery.

GAUNT, William Andrew, oldest of four children of William IT.
and Catharine (nee Yeager) Gaunt, was born in Belington, (W.
Va.), June 9, 1855. His father was
an " Old School Baptist," and his
mother a Presbyterian. He made
the best possible use of the schools
of his community and followed teach-
ing and farming for a livelihood in
his earlier life.

He was united in marriage with IT.
Jennie, daughter of John and Susan
(nee Byers) Turner, the union being
solemnized by John Brindle, Febru-
ary 28, 1884. The bride had united
with the Church of the Brethren
when nineteen years old. To them
were born five children, — Mary F.,
Anna S., John L., Grace, who mar-
ried Charles Ricker ; and Olive.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Valley River
congregation, (W. Va.), John W. Fitzgerald administering baptism,
in September, 1872. This congregation called him to the ministry,
September 5, 1874; and had him ordained, through the laying on of
hands by Samuel Fike and Elias Auvil, in January, 1880. He has
represented his congregation at District Meetings many times; at
General Conference six times; served on Standing Committee at
Meyersdale, 1894; Naperville, (111.), 1898. In 1885 he located at
Frederick, (Md.), organized the congregation in 1887, and devel-
oped it till October 25, 1894, when he entered upon a pastorate at
Elk Lick for ten years; then he moved to Huntingdon, (Pa.), and
had the pastoral care of Stonerstown and Riddlesburg Missions for
nine years. He was active in the ministry forty-one years, during
which time he served on many committees in the brotherhood, held
over two hundred revivals, and many, many have been led to Christ
through his ministry. He resides in Huntingdon, (Pa.).

GLOCK, John G., the third of four sons and one daughter of Jacob
and Catherine Glock, was born in Hoheneck, a small town on the
banks of the Neckar River, near Ludwigsburg, Wurttemberg, Ger-
many, April 1, 1807. His parents were members of the State Church
in his native country. He received the education in Germany of one
of his class. When twenty-five years old, in company with his
brother, Frederic, he came to America to make his fortune. After
sixty-six days crossing the Atlantic, the brothers landed at Balti-
more. John came on to the Aughwick Valley and worked on the
farm for the Lutz brothers.

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A History of the Church of the Brethren

In August. 1836, he was united in marriage with Catherine Myers,
a sister of the mother of Enoch Eby, well known to the church in

years gone by. The wife died September 28,
1857. He was again united in marriage, Oc-
tober 12, 1858, this time with Mary A. Basore,
of Juniata County, and to them were born two
daughters and a son. This wife died Novem-
ber 15, 1897. Their three children united with
the church of the parents, early in life. Cenia,
the oldest, married Lowery E. Miller, and lives
at Colorado City. Annie married Jacob A.
Rohrer, and lives near the old homestead.
John, a deacon, lives at Rockford, (Iowa).

" It was at a lovefeast in the stone house in
Germany Valley where he was first impressed
to unite with the church. This meeting re-
minded him of heaven, and he resolved to be
one of the number."* Accordingly, in 1836,
he united with the Church of the Brethren in the Aughwick
congregation.

Soon after being called to the deacon's office he was elected to the
ministry, in 1840. Twelve years later he was ordained and given the
oversight of the Aughwick congregation. Almost a half century he
labored in the ministry, " traveled over valleys and mountains afoot
or horseback, and for all that labor he received fifty cents once, — this
to pay toll on the highways."

He passed away peacefully May 13, 1886, and was laid to rest in
the Germany Valley Cemetery.f

GRAY, Samuel S., sixth of seven children of Isaac and Catherine
(nee Mattern) Gray, members of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
was born in Half Moon Valley, Center County, (Pa.), in 1838. His
education was very limited. He made his living on the farm
until 1872.

He was united in marriage with Marion, daughter of Jacob Beck,
a member of the Church of the Brethren, in Warriors Mark, in 1864.

He united with the church of his parents and was very active. He
came to Warriors Mark community in the Spring of 1872, and soon
after that united with the Church of the Brethren. Here he was
called to the ministry, September 22, 1877, and ordained, October 3,
1891. His closing years he spent in the Home for the Aged at
Martinsburg, (Pa.), where he died December 21, 1913. Interment in
the Warriors Mark Cemetery.

GRIFFITH, George, fourth of five children of the family of Harvey
L. and Linda (nee Cupp) Griffith, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born in Meyersdale, (Pa.), April 12, 1898. He gradu-
ated in Meyersdale High School, 1917; received his A.B. from Juni-
ata College, 1921, and is now in Jefferson Medical College, Philadel-

* James A. Sell's notes.

t Gleaned from Wealthy A. Burkholder's sketch in Gospel Messenger.

432

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

phia, preparing himself for the foreign mission field. As a Junior,
he stands at the head of his class.

He was united in marriage with Stella, daughter of Erasmus and
Margaret (nee Grooms) McQuain, members of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church, the union being solemnized by Alexander Steele, June
18, 1919. To them were born two children, namely, — Paul Hawey
and George, Junior. The bride received her education in the Meyers-
dale schools, where she was a graduate of the High School in 1915,
and spent two and one-half years in study at Juniata College. She
united with the Methodist Episcopal Church at the age of twelve;
in February, 1920, after her marriage, she united with the Church of
the Brethren, baptism being administered by Tobias T. Myers.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Meyersdale con-
gregation, David M. Clapper administering baptism, in October, 1909.
The Huntingdon congregation called him to the ministry, April 8,
1918, Tobias T. Myers conducting the installation service. He served
as president of the United Student Volunteers during 1921 and 1923;
has represented Juniata College Volunteers at three General Confer-
ences; spent the summer of 1919 as field worker for the General
Mission Board in Southern Pennsylvania and West Virginia; associ-
ate traveling secretary with Foster Statler in Sunday-school work in
Western Pennsylvania, summer of 1920. While in college he was
student teacher two years and professor in preparatory department
one year ; is now a Junior in Jefferson Medical College, and has spent
the summers of 1923 and 1924 in Young People's Division Work in
Western Pennsylvania. Forwarding address, Meyersdale, (Pa.).

GUYER, Herman S., eighth of ten children born to Adam and

Elizabeth (nee Snyder) Guyer, members of the Church of Christ,

was born near New Enterprise, (Pa.),

on February 25, 1860. He applied

himself so closely to farming in his

youth that he secured only a common

school education.

He was united in marriage with
Hannah B., daughter of John N. and
Anna (nee Bulger) Teeter, the union
being solemnized by Joseph Z. Rep-
logle, September 13, 1887. To them
are born two daughters, — Laura and
Annie.

He and his wife united with the
Church of the Brethren during a re-
vival held in the New Enterprise
congregation, in May, 1891, and were

baptized by Levi T. Holsinger. As a Christian, he has been active in
Sunday-school work, serving as superintendent and teacher, was
called to the deaconship June 8, 1895 ; to the ministry, December 25,
1901 ; and, by the laying on of hands by David A. Stayer and John
Bennett, ordained July 20, 1908; — all this advancement made in the
Snake Spring congregation. He has been a regular attendant at
District Meetings of every character and served nine times as

433

A History of the Church of the Brethren

delegate to Annual Conference. Since the organization of the
Koontz congregation he has been its bishop. Address, New Enter-
price, (Pa.).

GUYER, Nelson, first of eight children of Emanuel and Elizabeth
(nee Shaffer) Guyer, members of the Church of the Brethren, was

born on a farm near Loysburg, Bed-
ford County, (Pa.), May 30, 1880.
He was reared on the farm, received
a common school education, and is
making his living at poultry raising
and dairy farming.

He was united in marriage with
Elizabeth, daughter of William and
Susan (nee Cameron) Wineland,
George W. Brumbaugh, of Clover
Creek, solemnizing the union, Sep-
tember 1, 1904. To them are born
six sons and two daughters.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren in the Woodbury congrega-
tion, when he was sixteen years old,
Jacob C. Stayer administering baptism. After serving a few years
as deacon, the Woodbury congregation called him to the ministry,
May 2, 1914; and later he was installed, by J. Kurtz Miller, then of
Brooklyn, (N. Y.), officiating. He has represented his congrega-
tion four times at District Meeting and once at General Conference.
He served as superintendent of the Martinsburg Sunday-school two
years and the Woodbury Sunday-school two years. His address is
Woodbury, (Pa.).

HAINES, Amos Hoppock, last of three children of the family of

Joseph and Margaret (nee Hoppock) Haines, members (the father

a deacon) of the Church of the Brethren, was
born on the old homestead farm near Sar-
geantsville, (N. J.), May 19, 1859. After
passing through the common schools, attending
high school, known as Ringoes Seminary, and
graduating from the Trenton Business Col-
lege, (N. J.), he pursued higher education and
received the following degrees : Rutgers Col-
lege, (N. J.), A.B., 1892; A.M., 1899; Yale
Divinity School, A.B., 1897; Juniata College,
D.D., 1901 He taught Greek and Church
History at Mt. Morris College, (111.), 1892-94;
occupied the chair of Biblical History, Litera-
ture and Philosophy, Juniata College, (Pa.),
1897-1916. During the World War he was
organizing secretary of Liberty Bonds and

War Savings for Huntingdon and Mifflin Counties, (Pa.).

He was united in marriage with Mabel, daughter of John and

Louise (nee Hunt) Lambert, of Lambertville, (N. J.), Tobias T.

434

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Myers solemnizing the union, on September 21, 1892. To them were
born three children. The wife died August 1, 1918. But one
daughter, Elizabeth, is living.

In the Amwell church, by baptism administered by Israel Foulson,
in January, 1876, he united with the Church of the Brethren. This
congregation called him to the ministry, January, 1884; the Hunting-
don congregation, through James A. Sell laying on hands, had him
ordained, November 2, 1915. He was active as a minister, even
without a regular pastorate. He represented his congregation
four times at District Meeting. Since 1907, he had been teacher of
the " Truth Seekers Men's Adult Bible Class " in the Huntingdon
Church of the Brethren Sunday-school. This class has an enrolment
of fifty, average attendance of thirty; and he had, in that time,
the joy of seeing fifty of the members of his class join the church of
his choice. He was a frequent contributor to the Gospel Messenger
and other publications. His latest publication was a brochure of
twenty-one pages, entitled " No Creed — Biblical Interpretation," pub-
lished in the Spring of 1923.

After an illness of upwards of five months, he died, August 31,
1924. His funeral was conducted by Galen K. Walker. Interment in
Riverview Cemetery, Huntingdon, (Pa.).

HANAWALT, GEORGE, first of ten children of the family of Joseph
R. and Mary (nee Swigart) Hanawalt, members of the Church of
the Brethren, was born on the Hanawalt home-
stead, near McVeytown, (Pa.), April 2, 1831.
Though reared on the farm, he had an irre-
pressible desire for an education, pushed
through common school and perhaps was one
of the first of our young people in this District
to enter high school. Teaching, further train-
ing and native ability soon placed him as a
leader in the public schools of his day. 1859-60
found him assistant principal and one of the
main teachers of the McVeytown Academy.
When he became of age, he was elected county
auditor, and served six years. Besides, at dif-
ferent periods in his life, he engaged in farm-
ing and merchandising.

George, and Caroline McKee, of Nitany
Hall, were united in marriage, November, 1856. The wife died
June 8, 1858, leaving a baby daughter, who died two months later.
He was married again, February 8, 1860, to Barbara Brumbaugh
Replogle, daughter of Daniel Replogle, of New Enterprise, (Pa.).
She died May 25, 1873, leaving eight children. Later, June 4, 1874,
he was married to Lucinda, daughter of Samuel and Barbara (nee
Knavel) Stutsman, of Johnstown, and to them were born nine
children.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, June, 1858, and six
years later, after having served a short time as deacon, was called
to the ministry, — all in the Spring Run congregation (M. Pa.). He
took his turn in preaching in the large circuits his father had organ-

435

A History of the Church of the Brethren

ized, traveling every year, mostly on horseback, nearly 900 miles to
fill his portion of the appointments.

In the Spring of 1879 he moved his family to the Conemaugh con-
gregation, of Johnstown, (W. Pa.). Here he was active in church
work. He helped to build the church house now owned by " The
Brethren," as well as the Walnut Grove house and several other
buildings that went up during his residence in the city. His con-
servative counsel and help during the unfortunate division of the
church, in the eighties, proved a blessing to many. June 10, 1886, the
Walnut Grove congregation, through laying on of hands by Joseph
Berkey and Hiram Musselman, ordained him and David Hildebrand
to the bishopric*

In 1886, for the sake of his growing family of boys, he moved to
the Ligonier Valley. Finding a few scattered members, he organized
them into what is known as the Ligonier congregation. For a num-
ber of years he presided over this congregation, and under his super-
vision the Boucher house, at WTaterford, was built. In the sixteen
years of residence at this place he preached a part of the time at
Bolivar and Cokeville.

Declining years and a severe sick spell induced him to move his
family to California, in 1902. He located at La Verne, where his
children were in school for about five years. Llis advanced years
kept him from doing the usual active church work that marked his
life. June 3, 1913, he passed away, and his body lies buried in the
Evergreen Cemetery, near La Verne, (Calif.), far from the scenes
of his boyhood.

HANAWALT, H. Will, ninth of ten children of John S. and Nancy
(nee Snowberger) Hanawalt, members, and the father a minister, of

the Church of the Brethren, was born
near McVeytown, (Pa.), June 10,
1879. He received a common school
education and has devoted his life to
farming.

He was united in marriage with
Phoebe B., daughter of David and
Annie (nee Aurand) Kirk, the union
being solemnized by John C. Swigart,
January 9, 1907. To them were born
six children, — John S., David K.,
Ira C, Vera Arlene, Dwight W.,
Gaius A.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren in the Spring Run congre-
gation, Reuben T. Myers administer-
ing baptism, December 24, 1893. This congregation called him to the
deacon's office, August 10, 1910; to the ministry, November 18, 1912;
and, through the laying on of hands by James A. Sell and William
J. Swigart, had him ordained, November 3, 1923. His library con-

* From Minutes copied by Nannie H. Strayer, daughter, and forwarded in, letter
dated Oct. 31, 1923.

436

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

sists of over two hundred volumes, of which there are five complete
sets of Bible commentaries. He has represented his congregation at
District Meeting three times; has always been a strong Sunday-
school worker, serving as teacher, assistant superintendent and treas-
urer. His home is near McVeytown, (Pa.).

HANAWALT, John, the first minister in the Aughwick congrega-
tion who preached in the English language. He was active in the
church some time before 1850.

HANAWALT, John S., fifth of nine children of Joseph R. and

Mary (nee Swigart) Hanawalt, members, and he a minister, of the

Church of the Brethren, was born

within the bounds of the Spring

Run congregation, May 20, 1840.

He grew up on the farm and had

the benefits of a common school

education.

On March 17, 1863, he was united
in marriage with Nancy, daughter of
Daniel and Catherine (nee Brake)
Snowberger, of New Enterprise,
(Pa.), members, and he a bishop, of
the Church of the Brethren. To
them were born ten children, as
follows : Christie H. Sutherland,
Catherine White, Mary Rhodes,
Ira (deceased), Joseph R., Daniel
A., Charles B., John M., H. Will, and Ada Strausser.

In the Spring Run congregation, he united with the Church of the
Brethren in his 'teens; called to the deacon's office and, on October
5, 1873, to the ministry. For his time, he had a well selected library
of over one hundred volumes, and was a careful reader of them.
During his ministry there was a great missionary spirit in the home
congregation. Some sixteen different places to preach were arranged
for, in school houses more or less distant. On one of these trips, due
to undue exposure, he took the cold that cost him his life. He was
much interested in the welfare of the Sunday-school. He died May
1, 1883; funeral preached by Peter Myers; burial in Spring Run
Cemetery.

HANAWALT, Joseph Rothrock. son of George and Susannah
Rothrock Hanawalt, was born January 4, 1810, on the old homestead
near McVeytown, (Pa.). His father, though only sixteen, substi-
tuted for his grandfather, who was drafted in the Revolutionary
War. The young man was spared service at the front, and instead
served as a spy. Joseph was so conscientiously opposed to war that
he rarely made reference to his father's war experiences.

Being reared on a farm, Joseph had little opportunity to secure
more than a common school education. In part he compensated for
this through being a diligent reader and training a good memory.
When but sixteen, Joseph's father died, thus, to a large extent,

437

A History of the Church of the Brethren

throwing him on his own resources. In March, 1829, he and Mary
Swigart, sixteen-year-old daughter of John Swigart, of Ferguson
Valley, were married. The following year the young people bought
a part of the homestead, and through the years that followed added
to and built until the present buildings, as now owned by Harry
French, were completed. By his first marriage, Joseph was father
of four sons and six daughters. On November 21, 1864, his wife
died, and in October, 1866, he married Mrs. Eve French, and to them
were born six children, three growing to maturity.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, at Lewistown, in
young manhood. In 1841, the Lewistown congregation called him to
the deacon's office ; the same congregation elected him w speaker," in
1846, while attending a meeting held in the barn on the Kinsel farm,
near where the Spring Run church house now stands. He was the
hrst minister in the Lewistown congregation to preach in the English.
His heart was in the work to such an extent that the congregation
increased through his ministry and his life became a power in a large
territory. He performed many marriages and preached funerals on
every hand. He was a strong advocate of Sunday-schools before
there were any, and was the leader in organizing one at the Spring
Run church, in 1866. He was an enthusiastic home missionary,
because in those days there was no foreign work by the Brethren,
and showed his zeal by preaching in school houses far and near,
wherever the door was opened. In 1860 he was ordained; at
once took the oversight of his home (Lewistown) congregation for
six years.*

He was a regular attendant at District Meeting, and many An-
nual Meetings found him there. It pleased the Conference to
place him, often, on committees to have the benefit of his judg-
ment. He was pre-eminently a preacher, not emotional, but eloquent
and convincing.

He contracted some intestinal disease that, in about a year, closed
his earthly career, February 15, 1877, but he was able to direct his
affairs up to the last. Stephen H. Bashor and John Spanogle deliv-
ered the funeral discourses from Psalm 91 : 16, 17. His body lies in
the Spring Run Cemetery.

HARRIS, John P., first of four children of Prior H. and Ella J.
(nee Yount) Harris, was born near Staunton, (Va.), on September
24, 1879. He was educated in the Barren Ridge High Schools; spent
two years' work in Pleasant Grove Academy, and attended two
special Bible terms at Bridgewater College.

On November 18, 1906, in the Barren Ridge, (Va.), congregation,
he united with the Church of the Brethren, Jacob C. Garber adminis-
tering baptism. This same congregation called him to the deacon's
office, February 2, 1907; the Concord congregation, (Va.), March 3,
1910, called him to the ministry, and on March 10, 1918, the Stoners-

* He was a deacon five years and a minister thirty-one years, seventeen years of
which he was bishop, first of the Lewistown congregation, but when the district
was divided, he living in the west end, became bishop of what is now known as
the Spring Run congregation. — From S. W. Bollinger's obituary notice, page 158,
Primitive Christian, 1877.

438

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

town congregation, (Pa.), had him ordained, Albert G. Crosswhite,
John R. Stayer and David T. Detwiler officiating.

He was pastor of the Mt. Carroll congregation, (111.) , from Febru-
ary 1, 1912, to December 1, 1913. He entered upon his pastorate at
Stonerstown and Riddlesburg, January 21, 1915, and continues in
that capacity.

He has always been active as a teacher in the Sunday-school ;
represented his congregation at District Meeting eleven times ; at
Annual Meeting ten times. Address, Saxton, (Pa.).

HEISEY, Hkrman Biever, oldest of two sons of the family of John
Henry and Susan (nee Biever) Heisey, was born near Middletown,
Dauphin County, (Pa.), December 10, 1890.
His mother was a member of the River Breth-
ren. When he was but three years old, his
mother died, and two years later his father.
His uncle, William J. Biever, a member of the
Lutheran Church, gave him a good Christian
home. He attended public school, first in
Lebanon, (E. Pa.), and then in Johnstown,
(W. Pa.), and during his vacations worked
for the Cambria Steel Company, first as car
tracer and then as weighmaster. His eagerness
for an education led him to take a course of
studies with the International Correspondence
School. In the Fall of 1908, he entered Juni-
ata College, and graduated from the Sacred
Literature course in the Spring of 1911. He
also pursued the divinity course almost to completion.

He was united in marriage with Grace, daughter of John A. and
Mary (nee Ferguson) Nedrow, of Westmoreland County, (Pa.),
Mahlon J. Weaver solemnizing the union on May 29, 1912, in the
Pittsburgh (Pa.) Church of the Brethren. To them were born
three children.

In the Walnut Grove congregation, of Johnstown, (Pa.), he united
with the Church of the Brethren, through baptism administered by
Samuel W. Pearce, on August 21, 1908. The Huntingdon congre-
gation, while he was in school, called him to the ministry, on Easter,
1910, and the following summer vacation he preached nearly every
Sunday. He became pastor of the Stonerstown congregation, at
Saxton, (M. Pa.), at the close of his college work. At the York
General Conference, 1912, he and his wife were approved for the
India field, and that Fall they sailed. Failing health compelled their
return in the Spring of 1914. September 1, 1914, they located in the
Red Bank congregation, (W. Pa.), where, through the laying on of
hands by Galen K. Walker and Harvey S. Replogle, he was ordained,
July, 1915; was pastor of Rummel Church, 1917-19; has represented
his congregation seven times at District Meeting and eight times at
General Conference ; served on the Standing Committee at Winona
Lake, (Ind.), 1919; conducts several revival campaigns each year
along with his pastoral labors. He accepted a call from the
Lewistown congregation, (M. Pa.), in 1919, where he continues

439

A History of the Church of the Brethren

as pastor at this time. He occasionally accepts invitations to the
lecture platform, but does not work under a Bureau. Address,
Lewistown, (Pa.).

HENRY, Martin S., fifth of seven children of Jacob and Elizabeth
(nee Dublin) Henry, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near Canoe Creek, Blair County, (Pa.), June 5, 1865. He had
no educational advantages and did not learn to read until after he
was married. He has made his living as a machinist for the Penn-
sylvania Railroad Company.

By his first wife, Anna A. Henry, he had four children, — George,
Mary, John, and Clara. By his second wife, Mary Beller, he had two
children, — Walter and Martin. By his third wife, Bell Tanneyhill,
he had no children. Then, on June 20, 1901, he was united in mar-
riage with Clara, daughter of John and Mary (nee Deable) Werry,
of English descent, the union being solemnized in Camden, (N. J.).

He united with the Church of the Brethren in Juniata Park con-
gregation, Joseph W. Wilt administering baptism in December, 1910.
Here he was called to the deacon's office, September 3, 1912, and to
the ministry, January 6, 1920. He has represented his congregation
at District Meeting several times ; superintendent of the Sunday-
school at Juniata Park and later at Riggles Gap, each a number of
years. Through his leadership and liberality, a union church has
been built at Reese Station and dedicated June 12, 1924. Here he
has given two years of labor and built up the kingdom. His address

is Juniata, (Pa.).

HENRY, Tobias, fifth of six children of
John and Mary (nee Fourney) Henry, mem-
bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was
born near Loysburg, (Pa.), December 7, 1901.
Besides the grade school work, he has com-
pleted two years at Juniata College. He is
making his living teaching public school.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the Koontz congregation, through baptism
administered by Herman S. Guyer, February
2, 1916. This congregation called him to the
ministry, May 25, 1921, George E. Yoder
conducting the installation service. His ad-
dress is New Enterprise, (Pa.).

HERSHBERGER, Henry, eleventh of twelve children of George
and Mary (nee Studebaker) Hershberger, was born in Snake
Spring Valley, near Everett, (Pa.), February 18, 1825. He spent
his life on the farm.

He was united in marriage with Eliza, daughter of Solomon and
Fannie (nee Metzger) Steele, on February 21, 1850. About this
time the bride united with the Church of the Brethren in the Snake
Spring congregation, where she spent all her life. Living to an
advanced age, she brought many early incidents of more than ordi-
nary interest into the present. To them were born twelve children, —

440

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

George, Fanny, Solomon, John S., bishop of the Everett congrega-
tion; Mary, Lydia, James Q., Sophia, Daniel F., Anson H., David,
and Jeremiah.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the Snake Spring Valley congregation,
when about twenty-one years old. This con-
gregation called him to the ministry, June 4,
1863; advanced him to the second degree.
March 28, 1868, in the presence of Jacob
Steele, Andrew Snowberger, Isaac Ritchey,
and Henry Clapper. Later he was ordained
and served the Snake Spring congregation as
bishop until his death, March 4, 1878. His
home was frequented, in those early days, by
prominent ministers, among whom was John
Kline.* The funeral services were conducted
by Jacob Steele and Jacob Miller, from John

11 :25, 26. Mrs. Henry Hershberger

HERSHBERGER, Howard SnydKr, first of six children of Solomon
and Lovina (nee Snyder) Hershberger, members of the Church of
the Brethren, was born in Snake Spring Valley, near Everett, (Pa.),
September 1, 1878. He was reared on the farm, had the advantage
of good common schools, and four terms at Juniata College. He
taught school six terms and then turned his attention to farming.

He was united in marriage with Margaret, daughter of John S.
and Many (nee Bowser) Whetstone, the union being solemnized by
J W. Lingle, December 22, 1903. To them were born five sons.

He united with the Church of the Brethren while at Juniata Col-
lege, William J. Swigart administering baptism, in January, 1899.
The Snake Spring Valley congregation called him to the min-
istry, May 25, 1907. He served as superintendent of the Snake
Spring Valley Sunday-school for four years. His address is Loys-
burg, (Pa.).

HERSHBERGER, John Stshtx
fourth of eight sons and four
daughters of Henry and Eliza (nee
Steele) Hershberger, was born in
Snake Spring Valley, November 25,
1855. His parents were members of
the Church of the Brethren, and his
father served as bishop of the Snake
Spring congregation from about 1870
to 1881. John received a liberal
education offered in the public
schools of the day, and took keen
interest in preparing himself for
life's task. In 1880 he was appointed

* Tuesday, May 19, 1863. Get to Henry Hershberger's in Snake Spring Valley,
where I stay all night. Twenty-eight miles today. — Life of John Kline, p. 465.

441

A History of the Church of the Brethren

census enumerator for Snake Spring Township, by Howard Miller,
then supervisor of this Congressional District. When the South
Penn Railroad was under construction, he was on the clerical force.
But work on it suddenly stopped, and he went to Everett and began
the butchering and ice business. His brother, James Q., later became
a partner, and they added brick making to their activities. In the
course of a few years the brothers dissolved partnership, and John
continued in the butchering business till 1913. He served one term
as associate judge of Bedford County. He is now secretary of the
Fulton Bedford Telephone Company, treasurer of the Everett Ceme-
tery Company, and director of the First National Bank of Everett,
vice-president of Everett Cash Mutual Fire Insurance Company.
His hobby is dairy farming and pure bred Jersey cattle.

He is united in marriage with S. Emma, daughter of Simon and
Mary Ann (nee Sparks) Nycum, of Rays Hill, John W. Poffinberger
solemnizing the union, May 13, 1885. To them were born eight
children, namely: Mary M. W., S. Henry, William N., Paul B., Ruth
Leone, Naomi, and Lois.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Silver Creek
congregation, near Falls City, (Neb.), in December, 1876, Samuel
Stump administering baptism. The Everett congregation called him
to the deacon's office, February 15, 1894, and, on the following
August 4, to the ministry. The same congregation had him ad-
vanced to the second degree, August 13, 1897, and the bishopric,
through the laying on of hands by George W. Brumbaugh and
Jacob Koontz, on May 19, 1901. Immediately he entered upon the
duties of bishop of his own congregation, which position he still
holds. He has represented his congregation at District Meeting
twenty-four times; at Annual Meeting six times. When the minis-
terial work of his congregation grew heavy, he was a leader in ar-
ranging for a pastor to serve the people. He served five years on the
District Mission Board, two years of which he was chairman ; was
chosen by the District to serve on a committee to sell the old Home
at Shirleysburg, and locate and build the present one at Martinsburg.
He has always been a friend of education and a strong supporter of
Juniata College. His home is in Everett, (Pa.).

HERSHBERGER, Solomon, third of twelve children of Henry and
Eliza (nee Steele) Hershberger, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born in Snake Spring Valley, near Everett, (Pa.),
February 23, 1854. He was reared on the farm and made his living
farming.

On December 6. 1877, he was united in marriage with Lovina, the
daughter of Jacob Snyder, and to them were born three sons and
six daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Snake Spring
Valley congregation. Here he was called to the ministry, in 1894,
and served the church until 1907, when he died. John Fluck and
William S. Ritchey conducted the funeral services.

HIMMELSBAUGH, Ida, a missionary to India. See page 557.

442

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

HOCKENBERRY, Roy W., last of two children of Jacob W. and
Anna Rebecca (nee Stayer) Hockenberry, at first members of the
Methodist Episcopal Church and later of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born near Everett, Bedford County, (Pa.), February 11,
1885. Besides good common school training, he spent three years on
the Scientific course in the Valparaiso, (Ind.), University. He is
engaged in merchandising.

He was united in marriage, in 1915, with Stella M., daughter of
Henry and Emma (nee Weimer) Fletcher, and to them one son and
one daughter were born.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in 1905, in what is now
the Cherry Lane congregation. Here he was called to the ministry,
in 1906, and served the church as a supply at Everett to some ex-
tent. After locating at his present home, he united with the United
Brethren Church, in 1922, and is active there.

HOLSINGER, Daniel M., son of John and Elizabeth (nee Mack)
Holsinger, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born in
Bedford County, (Pa.), October 22, 1812. His father was one of the
early preachers of the church who faced the hardships of frontier
life. His mother was a descendant of Alexander Mack. He availed
himself of the common schools and attended a night school conducted
by John Miller. He specialized on the English language and learned
to use it correctly. He made his living mostly by farming.

He was united in marriage with Mary, daughter of Solomon Ritz,
the union being solemnized August 12, 1832. To them were born
eight children : Henry R., the leading spirit in the organization of
the Brethren Church ; Elizabeth, married to Robert Riley, Ephraim
R., Hannah, married to John Brumbaugh ; David R., Mary, married
to Daniel Stoner ; George R., and Rebecca, married to Jacob
Brumbaugh.

Both he and his wife united with the Church of the Brethren in
the Clover Creek congregation, in 1833. This congregation called
him to the ministry, in 1841, and had him ordained, in 1863, at which
time he was given the oversight of the Clover Creek congregation,
and served it in that capacity until near the close of his life. While,
in the Cove, German was the prevailing language in the pulpits of
the church, he spoke in the English and became quite a favorite
among people, and officiated at most of the marriages and burials in
Central Morrison's Cove. He was so much in demand as a minister
that it was difficult for him to make a living, in the days when the
ministry did not even receive a support. The unusual was done for
him, — the congregation purchased a small farm for him, and here he
resided till his family was raised. In 1865 or '66, he sold the farm
and moved to a community now known as Carson Valley congrega-
tion. Here he remained with this congregation for about six years,
then returned to Clover Creek to spend the rest of his days.

He served on the Standing Committee in 1868, at Elkhart, (Ind.).
Eastern District of Pennsylvania sent him on a mission to Maine,
while General Conference sent him to Tennessee, Michigan, Illinois,
and Iowa, to attend to important church work. He had an " ex-
ceedingly retentive memory, and, being a close student of the Scrip-

443

A History of the Church of the Brethren

tures, as well as a lover of a number of poets, he had at his command
almost the entire word of God, and could recite page after page of
Milton's works." The last fifteen years of his life he was totally
blind. The affliction of his old age was Bright's disease, to which he
succumbed January 31, 1886. Interment in the Clover Creek
Cemetery.*

HOLSINGER, Georg^ elected to the ministry in the Dunnings
Creek congregation, October 27, 1868.

HOLSINGER, George Blackburn, oldest of four sons of Joseph
H. and Rebecca (nee Blackburn) Holsinger, members of the Church
of the Brethren, was born on his father's farm, near Pleasantville.
Bedford County, (Pa.), May 20, 1857. His father was leader of
song for the Church of the Brethren for a number of years. Eleven
years of common school education, and he was ready to teach. He
soon drifted into teaching music, something he passionately loved.
He received instruction in music from men of national reputation,
among them Benjamin H. Everett, W. E. Burnett, B. C. Unseld,
George F. Root, R. H. Palmer, and J. C. Filmore. When the Vir-
ginia Normal, now Bridgewater College, was moved to Bridgewater,
in 1882, he took charge of the musical department, and taught piano,
organ, vocal, history, harmony, and composition. He gave over
30,000 lessons on instruments, alone.

In 1898 he became musical editor for the Brethren Publishing
House, and from that time till the close of his life, gave his time to
preparing song books and traveling among the churches, conducting
musical institutes and singing classes. Pie was leader of the song
service at General Conference for a number of years.

He was united in marriage with Sallie A., daughter of David N.
and Mary (nee Miller) Keagey, of Bridgewater, Va.), the union
being solemnized by Solomon Garber, on August 19, 1884. She very
richly supplemented his poetical and musical talent with her own
ability. To them were born twin boys, but Clyde K. alone reached
maturity.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, October 8, 1875.

While engaged in teaching a vocal class at Astoria, (111.), he took
sick with pneumonia and passed on before, even before his wife
could reach his bedside. His funeral was preached by Andrew
Hutcheson, using for text 1 Cor. 15: 51-58. His body lies buried in
the Bridgewater, (Va.), Cemetery.

HOLSINGER, George Mack, second of four sons of John and
Elizabeth (nee Mack) PTolsinger, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Woodbury, Bedford County, (Pa.), May
26, 1804. He was married to Sarah Snyder, August 23, 1827, and
to them were born six children, — Thomas S., John S., Levi S.,
Joseph H., Christian S., and Elizabeth. He united with the Church

* Quotation and information from account in Gospel Messenger, February 16,
1886, taken from the Daily Tribune, Altoona, (Pa.).

444

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

of the Brethren in the Woodbury congregation, and by her called to
the deacon's office, some time before 1841. In that year the family
moved on a farm about three miles from Alum Bank, where, in
1845, he was called to the ministry. It may be properly said he was
the founder of the Dunnings Creek congregation. He died April
24, 1862, and his body is buried in Mock Cemetery.

HOLSINGER, Henry R., first of eight children of Daniel Mack
and Polly (nee Ritz) Holsinger, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Martins-
burg, (Pa.), May 26, 1833. His
father was a bishop in the church,
and, according to a local biographer,
" adhered tenaciously to the conser-
vative branch of the church, and so
averse was he to any encroachment
of its rules and doctrines, that he
could not have any sympathy with
the new departure." The son was
reared on the farm, and had the ad-
vantage of public school training.

Pie was united in marriage with
Susannah, daughter of Peter and
Nancy Shoop, the union being sol-
emnized by Reverend Fitchner, June

1, 1854. To them were born two daughters, Annie E., who married
Paul G. Nowag, of Johnstown, (Pa.), and Lottie, who married
Samuel J. Holsinger, Phoenix, (Ariz.).

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Clover Creek
congregation, George Brumbaugh administering baptism, in the early
Spring of 1855. He was "then in full harmony with the teachings
of the church, with a few exceptions." He could not see " that edu-
cation was a dangerous thing and had a great thirsting for more of
it." He. " was never much afraid of Sunday-schools, yet for some
reason he never attended one regularly." He " believed in plainness
of attire, but never accepted the uniformity theory." The Clover
Creek congregation called him to the ministry, October 28, 1866;
had him advanced to the second degree a few months afterwards,
and ordained, through the laying on of hands, October 21, 1890'. He
" worked without jarring with the congregation in which he lived
or the officers under whom he served for more than fifteen years."
The Gospel Visitor, an eight-page monthly, had been published at
Poland, (O.), since 1851. During 1856-7, under the direction of
Henry Kurtz, he learned the printing business in his shop. In the
latter part of 1857, he undertook the publication of the Morrison's
Cove Journal, at Martinsburg, (Pa.), but the financial crisis of that
year compelled him to abandon the project after he had secured over
500 subscriptions. Thwarted in his printing dreams for a time, he
taught school till 1863. Again he opened a printing shop, this one in
Tyrone, and published the Tyrone Herald until November, 1864. At
the District Meeting of 1864 he received permission to publish, on his
own responsibility, " an independent church paper, published weekly."

445

A History of the Church of the Brethren

May 10, 1864,* the first number of the first weekly ever published in
the Church of the Brethren, appeared. Thus appears the heading of
this humble yet portentous beginning :

CHRISTIAN FAMILY COMPANION

By H. R. Holsinger, " Whosoever loveth me keepeth my command-
ments." At $1.50, postage prepaid.

Volume I Tyrone City, Pa., May 10, 1864 Specimen Number.

Thus he spoke, in part, in his introduction : " Believing, as I do,
and without a shadow of a doubt, that the Church of the Brethren f
is now the only religious organization, in the Western World, which
teaches the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, as it is
revealed in the New Testament; and which has for its sole object
the glory of God and the salvation of the soul. I have often looked
forward — with anxious heart — to the time when no man can say, ' I
knew not that such a church was in existence.' He gives these
reasons for sending forth his paper : First, to furnish " my brethren
with a weekly journal which shall be free from all vanity, fiction,
falsehood, etc. . . . Second, To afford a medium for free dis-
cussions, etc. . . . Third, To give wholesome instruction and
kindly admonition, etc. . . . Fourth, To give interesting church
news, etc. . . ."

Disappointment again awaited him. He took sample copies of his
new paper to the Hagerstown, (Ind.), General Conference, and
advertised through the Gospel Visitor, but received so little en-
couragement that he did not begin publication. He issued an-
other sample copy in October, 1864, in which he stated he would
begin the publication regularly, January 1, 1865. Less than 400
subscriptions began the regular issue. During the first five issues,
252 more subscribers were added. The year closed with over
1,000 subscriptions; second vear, 1,500; third year, 2,000; and fourth
year, 3,000.

In 1870, he began the publication of the Pious Youth, a monthly
paper for young people ; but, after two years, it was discontinued for
want of patronage.

In 1871 he published the first issue of the Brethren's Almanac,
which has grown into our present Year Book.

He continued this weekly, at Tyrone, until 1871, for the October 31
issue of that year is headed " Dale City, (Pa.)." In 1873, he sold his
Christian Family Companion and the Almanac to James Quinter, who
consolidated the former with the Gospel Visitor. At Myersdale he
published the Dale City Record, and compiled our first Brethren
Hymn and Tune Book.

About 1874, he sold all his interests in Meyersdale and moved to
Berlin (same county), and undertook the task of raising $200,000.00

* In his editorial, " Migration," in October 17, 1871, issue of the Christian
Family Companion, Brother Holsinger says: "Over eight years ago we moved to
Tyrone and commenced the publication of a secular paper and opened a job print-
ing office. . . . After commencing the publication of the Companion we sold out
our local paper and job office."

f Let the reader note here perhaps the first use in print of the present name of
the Church.

446

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

to endow a Church of the Brethren college, to be located in that city.
After two years of self-sacrificing effort, which bore little fruits, he
reluctantly gave up the project.

In 1878, he, with Joseph Beer, began publishing the Progressive
Christian, at Berlin. Brother Beer soon after became sole owner,
and later the periodical was discontinued. In 1880, Brother Hol-
singer and Howard Miller revived the paper; but Brother Miller
withdrew in two months, and Brother Holsinger continued the pub-
lication until 1882, when it was removed to Ashland, (O.), consoli-
dated with the Gospel Preacher, published there, and, under the
new name, The Brethren Evangelist was begun. This new peri-
odical became the mouthpiece of those dear ones who, through the
unfortunate division, withdrew from the Church of the Brethren
communion.

^ Some of the underlying issues that brought on this heart-rending
division are the following: (1) Missions, Sunday-schools and church
colleges; (2) An educated and supported ministry; (3) A church
government of a more congregational type; (4) Freedom of con-
science in relation to uniformity in dress.

The immediate and outward occasion for withdrawing fellowship
from our dear Brother was the following: (1) On the part of
Brother Holsinger the employment of " a stenographer to take down
and publish the proceedings of the council." (2) On the part of the
Berlin congregation the decision that the council shall be "held
openly to all members, and persons not members of the Brethren
Church will be considered present by courtesy only, and none but
members of the Berlin Church and the Committee are invited to
participate in the business." *

These procedures of Brother Holsinger and of the Berlin congre-
gation were unusual for the Church of the Brethren, and, after some
consideration and one night of rest, the committee from General
Conference, on August 10, 1881, withdrew fellowship. This action
was ratified by the next General Conference.

Brother Holsinger, with the exception of 1884-5, continued to be
editor of the Brethren Evangelist, from 1882 until its purchase by the
denomination, in 1892.

In June, 1882, Brother Holsinger and those who withdrew with
him, held a General Conference at Ashland, (O.). He was moder-
ator of that Conference, and the two succeeding ones. In 1897, on
account of his health, he went to California, and there completed his
History of the Tankers and the Brethren, in 1901. This, in many
ways, is a valuable historical work for the Church of the Brethren.
It contains 826 pages, and about 400 illustrations.

During his later years he was afflicted in such a manner that at
times he could not talk, but made himself understood by pointing to
printed words. From California, he went to his daughter, in
Phoenix, (Ariz.), and then back to Johnstown, (Pa.), where, in the
home of his daughter, Annie, he died, Sunday evening, March 12,
1905. Funeral services conducted by William S. Bell; interment at
Berlin, (Pa.)

* Minutes of the Annual Meeting, Art. 11, 1882.

447

A History of the Church of the Brethren

HOLSINGER, I. Edward, oldest of seven children of the family of
Levi and Barbara (nee Replogle) Holsinger, members of the Church

of the Brethren, was born near New
Enterprise, (Pa.), August 10, 1878.
Though reared on the farm, his de-
sires were for scholastic attainments.
He graduated from the Normal
English course at Tuniata College,
1902; A.B., 1909; A.M., University
of Pittsburgh, 1913. He taught
school as follows : South Woodbury
Township, Bedford County, from
1896 to 1901 ; Principal Hopewell
Public School, 1902-1903; Saxton
Public Schools, 1903-1906; Tyrone
High Schools, 1909-1911; Teacher
in McKeesport High School, 1911-
1912; Principal Avalon High School,
1912-1916; Head Teacher Latimer Junior High School, Pitts-
burgh, 1916-1918; had charge of Boys' Work in Pittsburgh,
1918-1920; Director of Bovs' Work, Elmira, (N. Y.), since
July, 1920.

He was united in marriage with Laura Barbara, daughter of
Obediah S. and Amanda (nee Buck) Ober, the union being
solemnized by Charles L. Buck, June 29, 1904. To them are born
two sons, — Alden C, February 22, 1908, and Bernard O., June
22, 1911.

He united with the Church of the Brethren while John G. Royer
was holding a revival meeting in the New Enterprise congregation,
(Pa.), through baptism administered by David T. Detwiler, in the
Autumn of 1891. The Huntingdon congregation, while he was at-
tending college, called him to the ministry, May 17, 1908. The First
Church of Pittsburgh advanced him to the second degree, in 1915,
Theodore R. CofYman officiating. He was a member of the Execu-
tive Board of Sunday-schools in Western District of Pennsylvania,
and served as field secretary, 1914-1917. He is the originator of the
circuit idea, worked so effectually in that district. His home is at 709
West Third Street, Elmira, (N. Y.).

HOLSINGER, John, second of five children of Rudolph Holsinger,
who came to America in 1731, was born, presumably, in Germany,
July 21, 1768, for the family is of German extraction. There was an
older son, George. Jacob, next younger to John, was born during
the ocean voyage to this country. David and Annie were the other
two children.

John was united in marriage with Elizabeth Mack, born October
13, 1776, a direct descendant of Alexander Mack, one of the founders
of the Church in Germany. To them were born four sons, — John
M., George M., Daniel M., and Alexander M.

He was an elder in the Church of the Brethren and associated with
Samuel Ulery in the beginnings of the church in Morrison's Cove.
The date of his death is unknown, for his body lies on the old home-

448

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

stead, south of Baker's Summit, marked with a limestone on which
are chiseled the letters J. H.*

HOLSINGER, John L., youngest of six children of John M. and
Barbara (nee Long) Holsinger, members of the Church of the
Church of the Brethren, was born on
the old homestead farm, near Bak-
er's Summit, Bedford County, (Pa.),
June 9, 1845. Reared on the farm,
he enjoyed the advantages of the
public schools and made his living
farming. In 1907, with his family,
save two children, he moved to Okla-
homa, where he has since resided.

He was united, June 1, 1875, in
marriage with Esther Ann, daughter
of Joseph and Charity (nee Whit-
field) Streight, then members of the
Christian Church, who came from
Fulton County, (Pa.). To this union
were born eleven children: Abigail,

married to David C. Pote; Barbara, married to John K. Frederick;
Charity, (Edward and David, deceased), Esther, married to James
Crow, Oliver, Melda, married to Frederick Holderead; Joseph,
Ralph, a minister, and Julius.

In early life he, with his wife, united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the New Enterprise congregation. Here he was called
to the ministry, in 1876. In the Woodbury congregation, through the
laying on of hands of two of the following: John S. Holsinger, John
W. Brumbaugh and Joseph Z. Replogle, he was ordained, December
25, 1886. He succeeded John B. Replogle in the oversight of the
Woodbury congregation, August 18, 1900, with Charles L. Buck,
Joseph S. Snowberger and George WT. Brumbaugh having charge.
He usually attended District Meeting; was frequently sent to Gen-
eral Conference as delegate. He was called upon to" baptize many;
was active in the Sunday-school. He now resides in the Big Creek
congregation, in Oklahoma. Address, Agra, (Okla.).

HOLSINGER, John Snyder, second of six children of George M.
and Sarah (nee Snyder) Holsinger, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Baker's Summit, Bedford County, (Pa.),
September 7, 1829. His father was a bishop and encouraged his son
to secure education until he was able to teach a number of years in
public school. He made his living principally by farming.

He was united in marriage with Esther, daughter of Ellis Rogers,
May 19, 1853, and to them were born a number of children, but only
one, Ellis, lived to maturity.

When but twelve years old, his parents moved to Dunnings Creek
congregation, where, in 1850 or 1851, he united with the Church of

* Gleaned for the most part from Blough's History of the Churches of Western
Pennsylvania.

449

A History of the Church of the Brethren

the Brethren. This congregation called him to the ministry. He
moved his family to Tippecanoe County, (la.), where he was or-
dained, January 15, 1871. He had the oversight of the congregation
there till 1893, when he moved to Prince William County, (Va.), and
settled on a farm. He attended District Meetings, served as clerk
once; three times as moderator, and four times represented his con-
gregation at General Conference during the period that Dunnings
Creek belonged to Western District of Pennsylvania. He died No-
vember 8, 1910.*

HOLSINGER, Lkonard Replogle, third of seven children of Levi
F. and Barbara (nee Replogle) Holsinger, members of the Church

of the Brethren, was born at Water-
side, Bedford County, (Pa.), April
2, 1882. Reared on the farm, yet he
completed the common school course
at Waterside and New Enterprise,
attended one summer normal at the
latter place, one year special work at
Juniata College, a number of Bible
Institutes, and spent two years in
Crozer Theological Seminary, and
thus prepared himself for life. In
recent years, due to a run down
physical condition, he changed from
pastoral work to fruit farming. He
hopes, however, to take up pastoral
work again.
He was united in marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of John T.
and Justina (nee Berheimer) Hetrick, of Waterside, (Pa.), on
August 22, 1906, Harvey S. Replogle officiating. At the time the
bride was principal of the Waterside schools. To them are born
five children, — Stanford, Freda, Leonard, Irene, and Clyde.

In the Morrelville congregation (W. Pa.) he united with the
Church of the Brethren, through baptism administered by Harvey S.
Replogle, August 30, 1909. The West Johnstown (W. Pa.) con-
gregation called him to the ministry on January 13, 1910; and the
Red Bank congregation, same district, through the laying on of hands
by Silas Hoover and Harvey S. Replogle, had him ordained, July
20, 1913. Lie served as pastor in the following congregations : Red
Bank, (W. Pa.), February 1, 1911, to September 1, 1914, two years
of which he was bishop; Coventry, (S. E. Pa.), September 1, 1914,
to April 1, 1920, both pastor and bishop. He has been active in the
evangelistic field, holding, on an average, three meetings per year for
the last twelve years. He has represented his congregation at Dis-
trict Meting twelve times ; at General Conference, five times ; and has
served the Standing Committee at Hershey, in 1918. He served as
moderator of the bishops, as well as president of the Sunday-school
Association of his District (S. E. Pa., N. J. and E. N. Y.), during
1918-19; was member of the ministerial board of same district dur-

* Gleaned from Blongli's History of Western Pennsylvania.

450

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ing 1918-19; member of the committee from the District to Bethany
Church during 1917-18; elected member of the General Ministerial
Board when first organized, in 1919, at the Winona Conference, and
by it made secretary-treasurer, in which capacity he served for a
short time. His address is Martinsburg, (Pa.).

HOLSINGER, Uvi R, the only child of Levi, Sr., and Elizabeth
(nee Furry) Holsinger, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near New Enterprise, (Pa.),
January 23, 1856. His father was
accidentally killed when the child
was of tender age, and he remem-
bers little about him. The son had
the advantages of a common school
education and has made his living,
farming.

He was united in marriage with
Barbara S., daughter of Isaac, Sr.,
and Elizabeth (nee Snowberger)
Replogle, members of the Church of
the Brethren, the union being solemn-
ized by Joseph B. Replogle, Septem-
ber 25, 1877. To them were born
seven children, — I. Edward, Christian

R., Leonard R., Elizabeth, Lester H„ Iva, and Orville. The mother
died November 30, 1922, and is buried in the New Enterprise
Cemetery.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the New Enterprise
congregation, in 1876, Henry Hershberger administering baptism.
This congregation called him to the ministry, March 8, 1884, and
had him ordained, by the laying on of hands by James A. Sell, on
September 4, 1897. He has represented his congregation at both
District and General Conferences a number of times ; has been a
teacher in the Sunday-school during nearly all of his ministry and
has served several years as superin-
tendent. He has conducted some
sixty-one revival meetings in various
congregations in Pennsylvania and
Maryland, and 186 have been led to
confess Christ in baptism. His home
is at New Enterprise, (Pa.).

HOLSINGER, Virgil Clair, oldest

of two sons and two daughters of

William W. and Corena Jane (nee

Gates) Holsinger, members of the

Church of the Brethren, was born

October 29, 1892, on a Clover Creek

Valley farm, about five miles south

of Williamsburg, (Pa.). His parents,

being in favor of a liberal education, did all they could for their

children in that direction. Virgil, after attending common school,

451

A History of the Church of the Brethren

took a pedagogical course at Elizabethtown College, and graduated
in 1914. He was principal of East Lampeter High School, Lancaster
County, (Pa.), for four years, and then moved to Bellwood. He is
continuing his education at Juniata College.

He was united in marriage with Emma Besse, daughter of Samuel
Edward and Catherine (nee Stineman) Wright, William H. Hol-
singer solemnizing the union, September 6, 1914. To them were born
three children, — Virgil Clair, Jr., Catherine May, and Galen Wright.

In August, 1903, when but ten years old, Virgil accepted Christ
and was baptized by John H. Brumbaugh, in the stream just a few
rods from his home. He was active in Sunday-school work through
the years, was called to the ministry in the Fairview congregation,
October 15, 1910, and, through the laying on of hands by Walter S.
Long and Joseph W. WTilt, on July 26, 19.23, was ordained in the
Bellwood congregation. On September 1, 1920, the young people
took the pastorate of the Bellwood congregation on partial support,
with the privilege of teaching or continuing his college education.
He has represented his congregation at District Meeting twice, and
at General Conference, once. June 1, 1924, he resigned his pastorate
and is teaching in the Williamsburg, (Pa.), schools. Address, Wil-
liamsburg, (Pa.).

HOLSINGER, William Henry, last of four children, all sons, of
Joseph H. and Rebecca (nee Blackburn) Holsinger, members of the

Church of the Brethren, was born
near Alum Bank, Bedford Countv,
(Pa.), March 7, 1872. After spend-
ing three years in Bridgewater,
(Va.), Academy, he engaged in farm-
ing and teaching for eighteen years.
For a number of years he devoted
his time to pastoral work, but re-
cently he has turned his attention to
teaching again.

He was united in marriage with
Corena J., daughter of Joseph K. and
Harriet (nee Brumbaugh) Gates,
George W. Brumbaugh solemnizing
the union on December 6, 1891. To
them were born two sons, Virgil and
Paul, and two daughters, Freda and Orpha.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Fairview con-
gregation, Joseph S. Snowberger administering baptism, on Decem-
ber 29, 1888. This congregation called him to the ministry, May 21,
1904; and had him ordained, through the laying on of hands by
Jacob K. Brown and John R. Stayer, May 30, 1908. He served as
bishop and pastor of the Fairview congregation, 1908-19; Williams-
burg, 1917-21, and Smithfield, 1917-24. He has been active in
Sunday-school wrork, serving as teacher, superintendent, — as member
of the District Sunday-school Board of Blair County, ten years ;
member of the District Mission Board of the Church of the Breth-
ren, ten years, four years of which he was its secretary-treasurer.

452

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He has represented his congregation at District Meeting sixteen
times, and General Conference, six times. His home is in Williams-
burg, (Pa.).

HOLSOPPLE, Frank Ferry, third in a family of eleven children
of Joseph and Catherine (nee Lehman) Holsopple, was born in a
log house on a small farm near Indiana, (Pa.),
January 13, 1866. His father was an influen-
tial bishop in the Church of the Brethren.
After receiving a common school education he
attended Indiana Normal, (1884) ; Purchase
Line Academy (1885-6), and Penn Run Acad-
emy (1887), and during this time and in all
six years, he taught country school. April,
1889, he entered upon the Normal English
course of what is now Juniata College, gradu-
ated in 1891, and continued his studies in
Bible and college one year. Later he did
graduate work at the University of Pennsyl-
vania and at Harvard. In recognition of his
ability as a student and teacher he has re-
ceived the following degrees : Lebanon Vallev

College, M.S., 1906; Juniata College, A.M., 1911; McPherson Col-
lege, (Kan.), L.H.D., 1917; Blue Ridge College, (Md.), D.D., 1923.
From 1901 to 1914 he was head of the English department of Juni-
ata College.

He was united in marriage with Grace, daughter of James and
Fannie (nee Studebaker) Quinter, at her home, in Huntingdon,
(Pa.), on October 5, 1892. To them were born Frances Q.,
Joseph Q. (deceased), Naomi Q., James Q., Herman L., and
Mary C.

In the Manor congregation, (W. Pa.), he united with the Church
of the Brethren, through baptism administered by Mark Minser, on
February 27, 1887. The some congregation called him to the min-
istry, June 2, 1887; the Huntingdon congregation had him advanced
to the second degree, November 14, 1891 ; and the Hagerstown con-
gregation (Md.) ordained him to the full ministry, through the
laying on of hands by Caleb Long and Samuel F. Hartrauft, June 9,
1920. Besides his untiring efforts in the Educational world he has
served as pastor of Sergeantsville (N. J.) congregation, September
1, 1892, to October 1, 1895; Parkerford, 1895, to September 1, 1901;
from July 1, 1914, till September 1, 1917, he acted in the capacity of
District Superintendent of the Pennsylvania Anti-Saloon League,
with headquarters at Harrisburg. He served as president of Blue
Ridge College, (Md.), 1917-19; and entered upon his present pastor-
ate at Hagerstown, (Md.), on September 1, 1919. During his present
(1924) pastorate, 361 have been received into the church by letter,
confession or baptism.

He has represented his congregation twelve times at District Meet-
ing and six times at General Conference. He represented his District
on Standing Committee of Conference in 1922, at Winona Lake,
(Ind.), and was Standing Committee appointee of the Council of

453

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Promotion at the Calgary Conference, in 1923, and reappointed
Hershey Conference, 1924. Address, Hagerstown, (Md.).

HOLSOPPLE, Ira Calvin, eighth of thirteen children of Joseph
and Catherine (nee Lehman) Holsopple, was born in Cherry Hill

Township, Indiana County, (Pa.), September
7, 1871. His parents were members of the
Church of the Brethren, the father a bishop of
influence in his District. Grammar school
completed, he attended Greenville Academy
and taught public school three years. He
spent one term at Juniata, in 1892, and then,
on account of ill health, two years on a fruit
farm in New Jersey. He returned to Juniata
College and completed the Normal English
course in 1896, and taught three years after
graduation.

He was united in marriage with Amanda,

the daughter of Edwin and Mary A. (nee

Landes) John, of Kenilworth, Chester County,

(Pa.), Frank F. Holsopple, a brother of the

bridegroom, solemnizing the union at the bride's home, December 27,

1900. To them was born one son, Ira John.

He united with the Church of the Brethren while attending school
at Juniata the first term, William J. Swigart administering baptism,
May 21, 1892. The Amwell congregation (N. J.) called him to the
ministry, June 9, 1895, and on August 19, William J. Swigart, as-
sisted by John D. Hoppock and Amos Haines, installed him at
Amwell, (N. J.). He preached his first sermon at Juniata College,
text John 2 : 5, on September 8, following his installation. The
Manor congregation (W. Pa.) had him advanced to the second
degree, October 29, 1897, Jacob Holsopple, an uncle, officiating. The
Everett congregation had him ordained, through the laying on of
hands by Tobias T. Myers and David A. Stayer, May 5, 1918. He
served as pastor of the Coventry congregation (S. E. Pa., N. J.,
N. Y.), 1899-1914; canvassed for Universal Book and Bible House,
of Philadelphia, 1914-15; general merchandising with brother-in-law
at Kenilworth, 1915-18; Everett congregation, pastoral work, begun
April 1, 1918, where he still is laboring. He has represented his
congregation at District Meeting twenty-two times ; General Con-
ference, eight times ; always active in the local Sunday-school in
some capacity. He served as secretary three years for the South-
eastern District of Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York District,
and one year in Middle District of Pennsylvania as president of the
Ministerial Association, and its secretary three years. He has held
twenty-four revival meetings, fifteen of which were in his own con-
gregation. Address, Everett, (Pa.).

HOOVER, David Paul, youngest of six children of the family of
Jacob L. and Barbara (nee Paul) Hoover, members of the Church
of the Brethren, was born near Martinsburg, Blair County, (Pa.),
December 21, 1881. When a year old his parents moved into the

454

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

vicinity of Saxton, in Bedford County, where the lad went to school
and grew to manhood. He graduated from the Normal English
course at Juniata College, 1906; re-
ceived his A.B. from same institution,
1914. In the meantime, he taught
eleven terms of school in Bedford
and Cambria Counties.

He was united in marriage with
Ruth, daughter of Rhinehart and
Sara (nee Cameron) Stayer, of
Woodbury, (Pa.), the union being
solemnized by John R. Stayer,
August 21, 1913. The bride received
her education in the public school,
and is a graduate of the Pedagogical
course of Elizabethtown College,
(Pa.), class of 1907. She taught
public school in Bedford County five
terms. Their home has been blessed with three children.

He united with the Church of the Brethren while attending Juni-
ata College, baptism being administered by William J. Swigart, May
19, 1900. Raven Run congregation called him to the deacon's office,
in 1901 ; to the ministry, May 16, 1903. The T3^rone congregation
had him ordained, through the laying on of hands by Henry B.
Brumbaugh and Daniel B. Maddock, October 15, 1916. He has
represented his congregation at District Meeting ten times ; at Gen-
eral Conference, six times ; served on Standing Committee at
Hershey, 1921 ; member of the Board of Religious Education for
Western District of Pennsylvania since its organization, 1920 ; mem-
ber of the Board of Trustees of the Old People's Home of the
District, located at Scalp Level. He has occupied pastoral charges
as follows: Tyrone, July 1, 1913, to September 1, 1917; Moxham,
(W. Pa.), May 15, 1919, to January 1, 1924. Began at Rummel,
(W. Pa.), 1924. His address is Windber, (Pa.).

HOOVER, Fredi-ric, son of Jacob and Barbara Paul Hoover, mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren, the third of six children, was
born April 7, 1872, on Piney Creek, Blair County, (Pa.). He re-
ceived only a common school education and learned blacksmithing,
which trade he follows for a living. On February 14, 1892, he was
united in marriage with Carrie Foreman, and to them were born
nine children.

When sixteen years old, Frederic united with the Church of the
Brethren, in what was known then as the Yellow Creek congregation.
John Rush administered baptism. The Raven Run congregation,
where he now resides, called him to the deacon's office, April 5,
1902; to the ministry, October 3, 1903; and, through laying on of
hands by John S. Hershberger and Henry H. Brumbaugh, fully
ordained him, on April 11, 1920. For nineteen years he served as
superintendent and teacher in the Raven Run Sunday-school. He
has represented his church at District Meeting five times. Address,
Saxton, (Pa.).

455

A History of the Church of the Brethren

HOOVER, Jacob W., ninth of twelve children of Jacob and Susan-
nah (nee Shadel) Hoover, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born in Carson Valley, Blair County, (Pa.), September 13, 1875.
His education has been limited to the common schools. He made his
living farming until 1918; since, he has been in the employ of the
Pennsylvania Railroad Company, at Altoona, (Pa.).

He is united in marriage with Jeanette R., daughter of John and
Susannah (nee Diehl) Holderbaum, the union being solemnized by
Lewis Robb, minister of the Reformed Church, of Altoona, (Pa.),
on June 7, 1900. To them were born one son and three daughters
(one deceased).

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Carson Valley
congregation, baptism being administered by David Sell, May, 1894.
Here he was called, to the deacon's office, March 6, 1909; to the min-
istry, October 26, 1912; and, through the laying on of hands by
James A. Sell and Joseph J. Shaffer, ordained, August 29, 1920. He
has represented his congregation once at District Meeting. He did
the leading part to carry on the mission at Bennington, served as
teacher and superintendent in the Sunday-school, and president of
the Christian Workers' Society a number of times. His address is
Duncansville, (Pa.).

HOOVER, Levi B., fourth of seven children of Isaac and Mary
Anne (nee Burget) Hoover, members of the Church of the Brethren,

was born near Henrietta, Blair County, (Pa.),
August 14, 1868. He was reared on the farm
and attended, beside the common school, sev-
eral summer normals, and thereby prepared
himself to teach. His occupation is teaching
and farming.

He was united in marriage with Mary,
daughter of Tsaac and Kathryn (nee Simle-
ton) Latshaw, members of the York Brethren
Church, the union being solemnized by John
B. Miller, January 24, 1895. To them were
born two daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the Woodbury congregation, baptism being
administered by John B. Miller, April 14, 1907.
The Clover Creek congregation called him to
the deacon's office. February 27, 1909; to the ministry, February 10,
1910, and, through the laying on of hands by John R. Stayer and
Tobias T. Myers, had him ordained, August 11, 1917. He has repre-
sented his congregation at District Meeting seven times, and General
Conference once. He has been superintendent and teacher in
Sunday-school for many years. His address, Curry ville, (Pa.).

HOOVER, Ouver Perry, second of three children of Bishop Samuel
and Catherine (nee Basore) Hoover, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born on a farm near Dayton, (O.), March 31, 1864.
From his youth he sought the helpfulness of books, pressed through
public schools, spent two terms at Juniata College, after which he

456

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

became a bookkeeper. Later he finished his preparatory work at Mt.
Morris College, (111.), in 1890. After two years' college work at Mt.
Morris, he went to De Pauw Uni-
versity, (Ind.), where he received his
A.B. in 1894, with Phi Beta Kappa
honors, and his A.M. in 1895. He is
also a graduate student of University
of Chicago, spending two years in
resident study for the Ph.D. He
spent part of a year in Leipzig Uni-
versity, Germany, the sudden death
of his father changing his plans and
calling him home. Mt. Morris Col-
lege conferred on him the Litt.D. in
1912. During 1895-97, he and his
brother, William, started the " Gem
City Preparatory School," a private
institution conducted for two years;

1897-98 he occupied the chair of Greek in De Pauw Academy; the
chair of Greek and Latin in Juniata College, 1898-1904; in St. Louis
High Schools, 1904-1920. In September, 1920, he returned to Juniata
College, (Pa.), and occupies the chair of his earlier days.

He was united in marriage with Ida Alice, daughter of William
and Elizabeth (nee Bowser) Klepinger, on March 3, 1886.

While attending school in LIuntingdon, he united with the Church
of the Brethren, through baptism in Juniata River, administered by
William J. Swigart, on June 6, 1883. The West Dayton (Ohio) con-
gregation called him to the ministry, July 31, 1890; in the Hunting-
don congregation, through the laying on of hands by Walter S. Long
and Harry A. Spanogle, he was ordained. May 10, 1922. He has
represented his congregation at General Conference three times.
He was joint pastor with his brother, William, in West Dayton
(Ohio) congregation, two years. Though isolated from the church
through the long years of public school work in St. Louis, (Mo.),
he was active in religious work, teaching a men's class in the
Third Baptist Church Sunday-school and preached in several pul-
pits infrequently. The lack of financial support for the ministry
led him to choose teaching as his profession, which he has pur-
sued as his life work, always emphasizing, in high school and
college, the value and necessity of religious education. Address,
Huntingdon, (Pa.).

HOOVER, vS. Blair, seventh of twelve children of Jacob W. and
Susannah (nee Shadel) Hoover, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Duncansville, Blair County, (Pa.), May 20,
1871. He was reared on the farm and received a common school
education. He makes his living by farming.

He was united in marriage with Ella M., daughter of John H. and
Catherine E. (nee Replogle) Hoover, of Roaring Spring, (Pa.),
Bricc Sell officiating, October 22, 1895. To them were born six sons
and four daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Leamersville

457

A History of the Church of the Brethren

congregation, in the Spring of 1893, Brice Sell administering bap-
tism. The Clover Creek congregation called him to the deacon's
office, in 1896; the Carson Valley congregation called him to the min-
istry, in August, 1910; and the Smith Fork congregation, in Mis-
souri, had him ordained, through the laying on of hands by Daniel
Sell and Wilbur B. Stover, in October, 1920. He has represented his
congregation at District Meeting five times; at General Conference,
twice. His labors for the kingdom have been two years in the Car-
son Valley Church, and later in the southwest at frontieror mission
points, as follows: Cushing, (Okla.), three years; Miami, (Texas),
nearly two years; Cameron, (Mo.), and adjoining points, two years;
Booker, (Tex.), nearly two years; Arvard, (Okla.), two years. Be-
ginning December 1, 1924, he entered upon work in Peace Valley
congregation, (Mo.). For over twenty-five years he has been active
as teacher, superintendent, or assistant in the Sunday-school. His
address is Arvard, (Okla.).

HOOVER, William N., fourth in family of eleven, was born Janu-
ary 29, 1871, on a farm near Fredericsburg, (Pa.). His parents,
John B. and Sarah (nee Nofsker) Hoover, farmers and members of
the Church of the Brethren, gave William the advantages of training
in the Martinsburg Normal, and he taught school for six years. He
also engaged in farming and was in the employ of the Pennsylvania
Railroad Company for twenty years, working in Altoona.

He was united in marriage with Susan, daughter of Samuel and
Anna (nee Cashman) Barnett, of Baker's Summit, members of the
Church of the Brethren, the union being solemnized by James A.
Sell, on February 22, 1894. To them were born eight children, all
living, as follows : Milton, Ollie, Jennie, Mae, Emmert, Hazel,
Ethel, John.

In March, 1898, in the Albright congregation, he united with the
church, Brice Sell administering baptism. The same year he was
elected deacon; in March, 1900, minister; and, by David Sell and
John B. Miller, laying on hands, he was fully ordained in the Car-
son Valley congregation, in June, 1904. For nine years he was
leading in the work of the church in Hollidaysburg; on March 20,
1920, he located in Warriors Mark congregation, where he is now

pastor. Address, War-
riors Mark, (Pa.).

HORST, M. Clydk, the
oldest of two children of
Abraham B. and Naomi
E. (nee Martin) Horst,
a bishop in the Church
of the Brethren, was
born near Wooster, in
Wayne County, (O.), on
March 3, 1885. Besides
his High School work in
Chatham, (O.), he has received the following degrees: B.S.L., Can-
ton (O.) Bible Institute; A.B., 1923, and B.D., 1924, Juniata College.

458

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He was united in marriage with Emma E., daughter of William
J. and Ella (nee Kulp) Horner, at Friendsville, (O.), Tully S.
Moherman officiating. To them were born two sons and one daugh-
ter. They adopted a child some years ago, also.

In the Black River congregation (Ohio) he united with the Church
of the Brethren, November 20, 1903, Tobias Hoover administering
baptism. The same congregation called him to the ministry, Septem-
ber 24, 1904. The Walnut Grove Congregation (W. Pa.) had him
ordained, through the laying on of hands by Perry J. Blough and
Harvey S. Replogle, May 28, 1916. He has represented his con-
gregation at ten District Meetings and nine Annual Conferences.
He was messenger clerk on Standing Committee at Seattle, in 1914,
and represented his District on the same body at Wichita, in 1917;
at Goshen, in 1918; at Winona Lake, in 1922. He has been a mem-
ber of the District Mission Board of Western Pennsylvania since
1917, chairman of the Home Missionary Advisory Council, a brother-
hood organization since 1920. He has served as pastor as follows :
Greenwood, (O.), 1906-07; South Bend, (Tnd.), 1907-14; Walnut
Grove, Johnstown, (Pa.), 1914-21; Williamsburg, (Pa.), 1922-24;
Windber, (Pa.), his present charge. His address is Windber, (Pa.).

HOWE, Edward Mohler, eleventh of twelve children of William
and Sarah (nee Mohler) Howe, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he serving long as a
bishop, was born near Maitland,
(Pa.), April 7, 1869. The father,
being a strong supporter of educa-
tion, made it possible for Edward to
complete the Normal English course
at Juniata College. He taught public
school eight terms and lias been en-
gaged in mercantile business for his
living.

He was united in marriage with
Delia R., daughter of John and Mary
(nee Granley) Greninger, the union
being solemnized by Jacob Richard,
August 27, 1897. To them were born
eight children, — Carl E., Lloyd E.,
Mary R., William A., John D., Sarah N., Martin L., and Meriam E,

Pie united with the Church of the Brethren in the Dry Valley
congregation, baptism being administered by John M. Mohler, April
7, 1887. This congregation called him to the ministry, May 17, 1905;
and, through the laying on of hands by John C. Swigart and Samuel
J. Swigart, had him ordained, May 17, 1919. He has represented his
congregation five times at District Meeting and twice at General
Conference. He has taught in the Sunday-school for thirty-six
years. His address is Maitland, (Pa.).

HOWE, Carl Ellis, first of eight children of Edward M. and Delia
(nee Greninger) Howe, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born near Maitland, (Pa.), May 16, 1898. Reared on the farm,

459

A History of the Church of the Brethren

completing common schools, he pushed on through Juniata College
until he received his A.B. in 1919. He taught in Windber High

School, 1919-20; in Blue Ridge Col-
lege, (Md.), instructor in Science,
1920-22; was assistant professor at
Juniata College, 1922-24; is at pres-
ent acting assistant Professor in
Science, Oberlin College, (O.).

He is united in marriage with Net-
tie, daughter of Schuyler and Ada
(nee Metz) Gregory, members of the
Church of the Brethren, the union
being solemnized by Milton J.
Brougher, August 24, 1924.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren in the Dry Valley congre-
gation, Jacob H. Reichard adminis-
tering baptism, in 1910. While at
Juniata College he was called to the ministry, May 31, 1918. He has
been active as a Sunday-school teacher, and is preparing himself for
a teacher. Forwarding address, Maitland, (Pa.).

HOWE, Wiuiam, eighth of twelve children of Joseph and Hannah
(nee Underwood) Howe, members of the Church of the Brethren.

was born near Carlisle, Cumberland
County, (Pa.), November 21, 1822.
He had meagre educational advan-
tages, because, by apprenticing him-
self to a blacksmith, where he worked
for eight years at very low wages, he
began to support himself in his early
'teens. After his marriage, he moved
into the vicinity of Lewistown, where,
on a farm, he made his living.

He was united in marriage with
Sarah, daughter of Jacob and Sarah
(nee Rothrock) Mohler, members of
the Church of the Brethren, and he
a bishop, the union being solemnized
December 28, 1848. The bride had
united with the Church of the Brethren in her 'teens. To them were
born twelve children,— Susan H., Joseph, Jacob, Mary, Elizabeth,
Sarah A., John, Emma J., Aramena E., William M., Edward M.,
and Rowland L.

He was received into the Church of the Brethren, near Mechan-
icsburg, Cumberland County, (Pa.), on an Easter Monday, when he
was about twenty- one years old. At the same time his brothers,
Isaac, Benjamin, and his wife, and his sister, Susan, were baptized.
His home was the house of God for morning and evening, save
Sunday evening after church and in the evening when a revival was
on, did the family and hired help, if any, gather around the altar in
worship. He was called to the ministry soon after he located in the

460

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Dry Valley congregation, in 1849; this congregation had him or-
dained, May 18, 1874, through the laying on of hands by two of the
following brethren : Daniel M. Holsinger and John W. Brumbaugh,
from Clover Creek; Joseph Hanawalt, George Swigart and John
Hanawalt, of Spring Run, who were the visiting ministers at the
lovefeast on that occasion.* He attended District Meetings regularly,
served as moderator in 1884, 1889 and 1895; he frequently attended
General Conference, and served on Standing Committee in 1866, at
Pittsburgh, (O.), and 1890, at Pertle Springs, (Mo.). Upon the
death of Jacob Mohler, March 7, 1889, he was given the oversight of
Dry Valley congregation, and served in this capacity until his death.
His library consisted of a Bible, unabridged dictionary, a Bible com-
mentary, and a few religious books. These, however, were well
mastered. He served as trustee of Juniata College for a number of
years, and was always a welcome visitor.

He was much interested in the Sunday-school movement, and
assisted in a union school in the Dry Valley community before it
was recognized by the Brethren. He died January 14, 1896. Inter-
ment in the Dry Valley Cemetery.

HOWE, William Mohler, tenth of six sons and six daughters of

William and Sarah (nee Mohler) Howe, members of the Church of

the Brethren, and he a bishop, was born

near Maitland, (Pa.), May 3, 1867. After

the country school training, he attended

Juniata College, alternating teaching with

going to school, during 1883 to 1886, when

he graduated in the Normal English

course. He taught his first term when

sixteen years old ; in all, taught six years,

— four in Pennsylvania and two at New

Iberia, (La.). In 1894 he did some Bible

work at Juniata College, and then assisted

his brother in his store at Maitland.

He was united in marriage with Edith
R., daughter of Solomon and Susannah
(nee Rohrer) Newcomer, of Waynesboro,
(Pa.), members of the Church of the
Brethren, the union being solemnized by
Jacob Snider, October 4, 1898. To them

were born Ruth and Joseph. The mother died March 31, 1907, at
Maitland, (Pa.). Later he was united in marriage with Elizabeth,
daughter of John A. and Susan (nee Strayer) Wertz, of Johnstown,
(Pa.), this union being solemnized by Samuel W. Pearce, June 1,
1910. To them were born two daughters, Martha and Mary.

While attending Juniata College he united with the Church of the
Brethren, baptism being administered in the Juniata River, by Wil-
liam J. Swigart, May 5, 1883. The Dry Valley congregation called

* " During the afternoon an election was also held for a minister. The lot fell
on John M. Mohler, and, after the evening services, was installed into office. Wil-
liam Howe was also advanced to the office of bishop and Andrew Spanogle to the
second degree." — J. B. B. in Weekly Pilgrim, May 19, 1874.

461

A History of the Church of the Brethren

him to the ministry at a lovefeast, August 18, 1893; the next day he
was installed ; and the following day, Sunday, he preached his first
sermon. Text, * Philemon 4:13. The Johnstown congregation (W.
Pa.), through the laying on of hands by David M. Adams and David
Clapper, had him ordained, June 21, 1910. He represented his con-
gregation at District Meetings three times ; at General Conferences,
four times. He served on the Standing Committee at St. Joseph,
(Mo.), 1911, and at Winona Lake, (Ind.), 1916.

He gave his life to pastoral work, — was one of the first regularly
supported pastors and met the opposition to such a course with a
clear conscience and a kindly spirit. In this capacity he served his
church at Amwell, (N. J.), Fall of 1895 to 1896; then to Sand Brook,
(N. J.), 1896-98; Norristown, (Pa.), 1898-04; Tyrone, (Pa.), April
1, 1904, to March 1, 1905; assistant pastor at Brooklyn, (N. Y.), till
he graduated in White's Bible School. June,, 1907; Johnstown, Wal-
nut Grove, (W. Pa.), May 1, 1907, to August 31, 1914; Myersdale,
(W. Pa.), September 1, 1914, to his death. In 1897 he was approved
by Conference as a missionary to India, but health prevented his
going. At the Bicentennial Anniversary, at Des Moines, (la.), 1911,
he was one of the speakers. He was active in Western District of
Pennsylvania, was a member of the Missionary Board and a member
of committee to select missionaries. He conducted many Bible Insti-
tutes, was original in his Bible teaching; was frequently called to
be one of the instructors at the special Bible terms at Juniata Col-
lege; was elected trustee of the College, 1901, and served until his
death. He delivered the anniversary sermon in 1916, when the col-
lege was forty years old.

He had great faith in anointing, and was often called by the sick
to administer the sacred rite. Pie was patient through a long siege
of sickness, and died May 2, 1917, in his home in Meyersdale, (Pa.).
Charles C. Ellis and William J. Swigart conducted his funeral ser-
vices. Text, 1 Thess. 4:13-18. Interment in Grandview Cemetery,
Johnstown, (Pa.).

HUNTSMAN, Emkry Thomas, third of ten children of William
and Elizabeth (nee Chilcote) Huntsman, members of the Church of

the Brethren, and he a deacon, was
born near Cora, Huntingdon County,
(Pa.), June 15, 1883. He was reared
on the farm, availed himself of a
common school education, and has
made his living by farming.

He was united in marriage with
Susan, a daughter of Daniel and
Sarah (nee Dilling) Baker, members
of the Church of the Brethren, the
union being solemnized by Josiah B.
Brumbaugh, June 24, 1914. To them
are born four children, — Cornelia,
Virginia, Lillian, and Byron.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Sugar Run arm of

462

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the Aughwick congregation, William F. Spidle administering bap-
tism, in January, 1906. The Clover Creek congregation called him
to the ministry, May 10, 1913, but he did not accept until a year later.
He has represented his congregation three times at District Meeting
and once at General Conference. He has been active as a Sunday-
school teacher. His address is Martinsburg, (Pa.).

JOHNSON, Carman Cove£, fourth of eleven children of John
Cover and Mary Saylor (nee Miller) Johnson, members of the
Church of the Brethren, and the father a bishop of the Georges
Creek and other congregations (W. Pa.) for many years, was born
on a farm, called "Adam Bowers," near Uniontown, (Pa.), July 19,
1874. His training in schools consists of Uniontown public school,
Redstone Academy, of Uniontown, (Pa.) ; graduated from Juniata
Normal, 1894; Juniata College, 1901; graduate work in Religious and
Secular History in the University of Harvard, of Cornell, and of
Chicago, — total of forty-four weeks in residence.

He was united in marriage with Ada Catherine, daughter of Win-
field Scott and Louise Richard, of Hagerstown, (Md.), members of
the Church of the Brethren, and he a bishop, the union being sol-
emnized by the bride's father, December 29, 1902. The wife died
September 23, 1906. The second time he was united in marriage to
De Lena Anne, daughter of Jacob and Hannah Louise (nee Royer)
Mohler, members of the Church of the Brethren, the union being
solemnized by Dr. Abraham S. Rosenberger, September 6, 1910. To
them were born Mack M., dying in infancy, and Forbes M.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Georges Creek
congregation, (W. Pa.), Silas Hoover administering baptism, Octo-
ber, 1887. While professor of Sacred and Secular History and
Social Sciences at Juniata College, 1901-10, he was called to the
ministry, December 18, 1904; and later advanced to the second degree
by the Huntingdon congregation. In his father's church he was a
teacher in the Sunday-school at fourteen; a superintendent at six-
teen ; assisted in re-establishing Ardenheim Sunday-school, near
Huntingdon, 1893; presided over the first District Sunday-school
Convention in Western District of Pennsylvania, 1897; assisted in
promoting the first Sunday-school Convention in Southern District
of Pennsylvania, in 1899; president of the convention held in Middle
District of Pennsylvania, at Curryville, in 1909 ; president of the
Huntingdon County Sunday-school Association, 1910; chosen super-
intendent of the Adult Division of the State Sunday-school Associ-
ation, in 1920, and almost immediately discontinued, due to nervous
breakdown. In 1910 he located in Pittsburgh to take up educational
and social service work as a means of livelihood, mainly with the city
public schools. He never accepted a pastorate, though often asked
to consider the same. He frequently filled the pulpit in the Hunting-
don congregation, 1905-10; has supplied for pulpits of various de-
nominations in and about Pittsburgh ; was one of the organizers of
the Pittsburgh Social Service Union, later Pittsburgh Council of
Churches of Christ; Anti-Saloon League lecturer; Committee Chair-
man and occasional speaker for the Young Men's Christian Associa-
tion of Pittsburgh ; with the Fosdick Commission, United War Work

463

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Campaign, and the Methodist Centenary Movement, 1918-19; Editor
and publisher of the Christian Outlook, an inter-denominational and
co-operative publicity organ ; radio casting teacher of Adult Bible
Class Teachers ; and teacher of Men's Bible Class in William Penn
Hotel and " The Old Brimstone Corner," Smithfield Methodist Epis-
copal Church, of Pittsburgh; author of Hozv to Teach Adults; com-
piler of Bible Readings for School Teachers; also occasional con-
tributor to the columns of the Gospel Messenger since boyhood. His
home is at 5886 Burchfield Avenue, Pittsburgh, (Pa.).

IMLER, Conrad, lived in Bellwood, (Pa.), when he was called to
the ministry, in the Warriors Mark congregation, October 8, 1872.
He was active in the ministry. In 1883 he was granted a letter of
membership and soon after moved to Maryland, where he died.

KEIPER, Dewey Howard, second of five children of David H. and
Jennie (nee Hinton) Keiper, members of the Church of the Brethren,

was born near Woodbury, (Pa.), Janu-
ary 27, 1898. Besides the high school
work received at home, he graduated
from Juniata Academy, 1920, and received
his A.B. in 1924 from the college.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Woodbury congregation,
baptism being administered by Albert G.
Crosswhite, on January 27, 1914. This
congregation called him to the ministry,
April 20, 1920, John R. Stayer officiating
at the installation. He served as summer
pastor in the Dunnings Creek congrega-
tion, in 1922; in the Montgomery, Indiana
County, (Pa.), congregation, 1923 and
1924, and is now a student in the Prince-
ton Theological Seminary. His address is Woodbury, (Pa.).

KENSINGER, Isaac B., sixth of twelve children of Isaac C. and
Susan (nee Brumbaugh) Kensinger, member of the Brethren in

Christ Church, was born near Mar-
tinsburg, (Pa.), February 9, 1886.
He was reared on the farm and re-
ceived educational training equiva-
lent to completing high school. He
has made his living mainly by
teaching.

He was united in marriage with
Mabel Edna, daughter of Henry B.
and Sarah (nee Nusbaum) Dilling,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren living near Martinsburg, (Pa.),
the union being solemnized by George
W. Brumbaugh, on September 11,
1907. To this union were born eight
children, — Wilmer R., Sarah L.,
Susan N., Minnie E., Anna L., Mabel E., Mary E., Lola R.

464

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Clover Creek
congregation, Andrew B. Burget administering baptism, in May,
1912. This congregation called him to the ministry in May, 1913.
He has represented his congregation twice at District Meeting; has
been superintendent of Sunday-school six years and teacher ten
years ; has held seven evangelistic meetings ; has been pastor of the
Smithfield congregation since January 1, 1924. His address is Mar-
tinsburg, (Pa.).

KINSEL, Jacob, second in a family of five children of John and

Anna Maria (nee Miller) Kinsel, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born in Altoona, (Pa.), July 3,

1868. He passed through the high school of

his native city, and later was a student at

Juniata College. He desired to be a doctor,

and engaged himself with a chemist; but,

Sunday work being required, he changed his

plans and, learning the printer's trade, switched

to newspaper writing as a reporter and editor.

This he followed for many years, part of the

time owning and publishing the periodicals he

was sending forth. In 1906 he removed to

Philadelphia, and entered the Medico-Chirur-

gical College for a medical course. Later he

studied several different methods of drugless

healing. His health finally gave way and he

moved back to Altoona.

He was united in marriage with Annie, daughter of Joseph and
Sarah Ann (nee Billing) Soyster, Joseph W. Wilt solemnizing the
union, on October 6, 1892. To them have been born five children.

In the Altoona congregation, in 1883, he united with the Church of
the Brethren. The Juniata Park congregation (Pa.) called him to
the ministry, August 11, 1911, and the Albright congregation had
him ordained to the bishopric through the laying on of hands by
John B. Miller and Leonard R. Holsinger, on August 20, 1924.
Always active as a Sunday-school worker, he has served sixteen years
as superintendent and many more years as teacher. He has repre-
sented the congregation five times at District Meeting, and has done
evangelistic work. January 1, 1921, he accepted the call to the pas-
torate of the Albright congregation, choosing to serve them without
remuneration, which position he holds at the present time. He re-
sides in Altoona.

KINSEY, Wiixiam, fifth of seven sons and seven daughters of
Jacob and Kathryn (nee Hofecker) Kinsey, was born on a farm on
the Lincoln Highway, about four miles southeast of Bald Knob of
the Alleghany Mountains, July 10, 1878. He remained on the farm
till he was of age, during which time he received only a common
school education. In 1899-1900 he taught his first term of country
school, and continued teaching four years. January 4, 1904, he en-
tered Juniata College, and graduated in the Normal English course
in 1906. He taught another four years in New Paris, and in Walnut

465

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Grove, Johnstown, (Pa.) In 1910 he returned to Juniata College
and received his A.B. with class of 1913; entered Bethany Bible

School (Chicago) and received his
B.D. in 1915; graduate student of
the Johns Hopkins University, sum-
mer of 1924.

He was united in marriage with
Minnie E., daughter of William and
Sara (nee Mohler) Howe, members
of the Church of the Brethren, resid-
ing at Maitland, (Pa.), the union be-
ing solemnized in Johnstown, (Pa.),
by William M. Howe, the bride's
brother, on May 31, 1910. They be-
came the foster parents of Ruth and
Joseph Howe, the children of William
H. and Edith R. (nee Newcomer)
Howe, at the decease of the father.
He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Wralnut Grove
congregation, through baptism administered by David Hildebrand,
in September, 1903. This congregation called him to the ministry,
July 30, 1908. Tobias T. Myers officiated at his installation, August
3, 1908, and he preached his first sermon in the Walnut Grove house,
August 30, following. He was advanced to the second degree by the
same congregation, June 21, 1910. The Lewistown congregation,
through the laying on of hands by John C. Swigart and Jacob H.
Richard, had him ordained, September 6, 1917. He has represented
his congregation at District Meeting three times ; at General Confer-
ence six times. He served the Lewistown congregation (Pa.) as
pastor from May, 1915, to September, 1918, when he took charge of
the Bible Department of Blue Ridge College (Md.), which position
he still fills. In 1921 he was chosen assistant bishop of the Frederic
City congregation (Md.), and the next year, bishop of the Wood-
bury congregation (Baltimore). He has served on several district
committees. He is at present a member of the Ministerial Board of
the Eastern District of Maryland. Address, New Windsor, (Md.).

KNISELY, Christopher (more gen-
erally known by Christian), third of
eight children of Philip and Catherine
(nee Smith) Knisely, he a member of
the Church of the Brethren and she
of the Reformed Church, was born
near Millerstown, Blair County,
(Pa.), May 9, 1842. He was reared
on the farm, and made his living
there. His education was simply the
common school training. At the
breaking out of the Civil War he en-
listed in Company E, 148th Regiment,
Illinois Infantry, as a musician, and
served until the close of the rebellion

466

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He was united in marriage with Maris, daughter of Jacob and
Hannah (nee Snyder) Baker, living near Everett, (Pa.), the union
being solemnized by 'Squire Fisher, August 15, 1867. To them were
born two sons and six daughters, three of whom are living,— Sarah
K. Sell, Susan K; Wyles and Amanda K. Catlett. His wife died
May 11, 1885. Then he was united in marriage with Mary E
daughter of Hiram F. and Charlotte (nee Ensley) Rohm, the union
being solemnized by John S. Baker, February 21, 1886.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Snake Spring
Valley congregation, in the prime of life. Here he was called to
the ministry, January 1, 1883. He served the church in this capacity
as best he could until he died, July 27, 1903. Funeral services con-
ducted by John B. Fluck and Levi Holsinger. Interment in the
Snake Spring Valley Cemetery.

KOONES, Emanui^ G., the seventh of ten children of David S. and
Maggie (nee Guyer) Koones, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born about three miles south of Loys-
burg, (Pa.), March 24, 1873. He was reared
on the farm, attended public school and spent
nearly two years in Juniata Preparatory
School. His occupation has been farming.

He was united in marriage with Nannie K.,
daughter of Joseph and Mary Ann (nee
Kauffman) Wisler, Brother Jacob C. Stayer
solemnizing the union on March 8, 1900. To
them were born three sons and five daughters.

In the Woodbury congregation he united
with the Church of the Brethren, John B.
Replogle administering baptism, in December,
1889. He moved, with his family, into the
Cherry Lane arm of the Snake Spring congre-
gation, in the Spring of 1915, and there, on

November 5, 1916, he was called to the ministry. Besides his min-
istry, he has been active in Sunday-school work. Address, Clear-
ville, (Pa.).

KOONTZ, Henry Smx, third of
four children of Jacob and Mahale
(nee Sell) Koontz, members of the
Church of the Brethren, and he a
bishop for twenty-six years, was born
near Loysburg, (Pa.), January 17,
1866. He was reared on the farm,
and has made his living there. He
received but a limited common school
education.

He was united in marriage with
Mary Jane, daughter of Daniel and
Elizabeth (nee Hetrick) Guyer, liv-
ing near Loysburg, members of the
Church of the Brethren, the union

467

A History of the Church of the Brethren

being solemnized by John B. Fluck, August 13, 1893. To them were
born six children, —Blaine (deceased), Herman, Virgie, Iva, J. Roy,

and Mae. J

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Koontz arm of
the Snake Spring Valley congregation, Silas Hoover administering
baptism, in December, 1889. This congregation called him to the
ministry, Christmas, 1900. He has represented his congregation four
times at District Meeting and twice at General Conference. His
address is New Enterprise, (Pa.).

KOONTZ, Jacob, son of John and Elizabeth (nee Snyder) Koontz,
members of the Church of the Brethren, was born in Snake Spring
Valley, near where the Snake Spring Church now stands, July 11,
1829. Education limited to the meagre opportunities of that early
day. He made his living farming.

He was united in marriage with Mahale, daughter of John and
Susan (nee Stephens) Sell. To them were born four children —
Charles, Charlotte, Henry, and Rhoda.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Snake Spring
Valley congregation, and by her called to the ministry, in 1848; here,
through the laying on of hands by two of these three brethren, —
Daniel Holsinger, Isaac Miller, and Jacob Steele, — he was ordained,
October 22, 1861, and given the oversight of the home congregation,
which position he held till his death, June 3, 1907. David T. Detwiler
conducted his funeral services. Interment in Koontz Cemetery.

KREIDER, Daniisl K., seventh of eight children of John F. and
Mary (nee Kreider) Kreider, members of the River Brethren, and

he an elder in that body, was born at Camp-
bellstown, Lebanon County, (Pa.), March 29,
1871. He was reared on the farm and received
just a common school education. When he
reached manhood he became a manufacturer
of noodles, macaroni, and potato chips.

He is united in marriage with Annie E.,
daughter of John G. and Magdolena (nee
Hostetter) Hoffer, of Palmyra, members of
the Church of the Brethren, the ceremony
being performed by Jacob F. Kreider, Decem-
ber 12, 1891. To them are born three chil-
dren,— Hoffer H., Obed E., and Asher H.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Spring Creek congregation (E. Pa.),
John H. Longanecker administering baptism,
May 16, 1893. This congregation called him to the ministry, Novem-
ber 24, 1906; and had him advanced to the second degree, October
11, 1910, Samuel Hertzler and Samuel R. Zug officiating. During his
residence in Altoona, (Pa.), from 1912-21, he was active in his min-
istry when called upon ; was a Sunday-school teacher. He has
represented his congregation at District Meeting six times and at
General Conference, once. His address is 124 Evergreen Street,
Harrisburg, (Pa.).

468

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

KULP, Harold Stover, fourth of six children of Aaron and Naomi
(nee Tyson) Kulp, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near Pottstown, (Pa.), Septem-
ber 29, 1894. He was reared on the
farm; graduated from the East
Coventry High School in 1909; from
West Chester State Normal in 1912;
taught three years in the Carter
Junior Republic, " a school in char-
acter building and citizenship for
wayward boys " ; attended Juniata
College, 1915-19, where he received
his A.B. ; University of Pennsylvania,
A.M., 1920; also about one year in
Philadelphia School of the Bible.

He was united in marriage with
Neta Ruth, daughter of Galen B. and
Anna M. (nee Miller) Royer, mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren, at Huntingdon, (Pa.), the union
being solemnized by the bride's father in the Stone Church, on June
15, 1921. The bride was born in Mt. Morris, (111.), January 30,
1896, and was a graduate of the Elgin (111.) High School, 1914;
spent one year at Wheaton College, (111.), and three years at Juniata
College, graduating with the class of 1919. After doing some work
in the medical department of University of Philadelphia, she taught
one year in Georgetown, (Del.). She united with the Church of the
Brethren in Elgin, (111.), her father administering baptism, October 1,
1905. After her marriage she spent one year in London, while her
husband was prospecting in Africa. In the Fall of 1923, she joined
her husband at Lagos, Africa, and entered upon the work there. She
died at their station, Gar Kida, North Nigeria, June 15, 1924, and is
buried back of their home, on the hillside overlooking the valley.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Coventry con-
gregation, (S. E. Pa.), baptism being administered by Ira C. Hol-
sopple, the pastor, November 29, 1906. This congregation called him
to the ministry, May 14, 1915, Jacob T. Myers and Leonard R.
Holsinger officiating; the First Church of the Brethren, in Philadel-
phia, through the laying on of hands by Milton C. Swigart and
Harry K. Garman, had him ordained, May 24, 1922. He has repre-
sented his congregation three times at District Meeting and twice at
Annual Meeting. He was the first pastor of the New Enterprise
congregation, serving them from July 1, 1918, till May, 1919. Then
he became assistant pastor to Charles C. Ellis, in the First Church
of Philadelphia, till July 1, 1921, when he assumed full charge.
While in Juniata College, he helped reorganize the Student Volunteer
Band, and decided to become a missionary to Africa. He resigned
the splendid pastorate in Philadelphia, and the couple sailed for
London. Here he left his wife for one year while, in company with
Albert D. Helser, he spent a year locating a mission in Africa. He
is bishop of the congregation of the Church of the Brethren in Africa.

* Gleaned in part from Ruth Kulp Glasier's sketch in Missionary Visitor.
22, p. 440.

469

A History of the Church of the Brethren

KURTZ, Daniel Webster, last of twelve children of John and Mary
(nee Bollinger) Kurtz, members of the Church of the Brethren, and

he a bishop for twenty years, was
born near Hartville, (O.), October 9,
1879. Though reared on the farm, he
early turned his attention to acquir-
ing a good education, and hence at-
tended schools and received degrees
as follows : Ohio Northern Univer-
sitv, Ada, Normal, 1897; Mt. Union
College, Alliance. CO.), 1897-1903;
Tuniata College, 1903-05, A.B. ; Yale
University, (Conn.), 1905-08, A.M.
and B.D. ; Universities of Leipsic,
Berlin, and Marburg, Germany,
1908-09; University of Pennsylvania,
1910-1911; Juniata College, 1911,
D.D. He has been a teacher as fol-
lows : public schools of Ohio, 1899-1903; instructor in Latin, Juniata
College, 1903-05; in Hebrew, Yale University, 1906-08; Professor of
Greek, Juniata College, 1909-10: President McPherson College since
1914; President, Kansas College President's Association; President
of College Section, Kansas State Teachers' Association ; Member
' Kansas Historical Association " ; " Kansas Authors' Club," and
"American Academy of Political and Social Science."

He was united in marriage with Ethel Leonora, daughter of Albert
and Mary (nee Beardsley) Wheeler, of Monroe, (Conn.), members
of Congregational Church, the union being solemnized by President
Marion LeRoy Burton, of Ann Arbor University, (Mich.), on Sep-
tember 7, 1909. The bride is a direct descendant of Jonathan Ed-
wards, and was born on the homestead, Monroe, (Conn.), where the
Wheeler family have lived since 1668. Besides public and private
schools, she attended Kimball Union Academy, Meriden, (N. H.),
of which she is a graduate. She taught public school for eight
years. At twenty she confessed Christ, uniting with the Congrega-
tional Church, in which her father was a deacon. In the Fall of 1909
she united with the Church of the Brethren, William J. Swigart
administering baptism. She has accompanied her husband on his
trips to Palestine, 1913; to Japan, 1920; to Glasgow, 1924. She
teaches the Freshman and Sophomore girls in McPherson College
Sunday-school ; is a member of advisory board of the Y. W. C. A.,
and of several reading circles. She gives talks occasionally on Japan
and European conditions. Three children, Albert W., Royce E., and
Bernard R., grace their home.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the East Nimischil-
len congregation, (N. E. O.), baptism being administered by his
father, on May 5, 1899; Huntingdon (Pa.) Church called him to the
ministry, in October, and he was installed December 20, 1904, Henry
B. Brumbaugh officiating. The Brooklyn congregation (N. Y.) had
him advanced, in April, 1906; the First Church of the Brethren, in
Philadelphia, had him ordained, through the laying on of hands by
Jacob T. Myers and Milton C. Swigart, April — , 1914. He has

470

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

represented his congregation at District Meeting eight times; at
General Conference, seven times ; served on the Standing Committee
at Hershey, 1915 and 1918; Sedalia, 1920; and elected to serve at
Winona Lake, (Ind.), 1925. He is President of the General Edu-
cational Board of the Church of the Brethren since 1915, and has
been on many committees, appointed by the General Conference. He
was pastor of the First Church of the Brethren, in Philadelphia,
1910-14.

He is primarily a teacher, and prefers to teach the Bible and
related subjects. Hence his work in Bible Institutes and on the
lecture platform ; he turns down annually many times the number of
calls he answers. From a teacher in the Sunday-school, when six-
teen years old, he has gone forward and taught six teacher training
classes, attended the World's Sunday-school Conventions at Zurich,
in 1913; at Tokyo, 1920, and at Glasgow, in 1924; at the last two
conventions he was on the program as speaker three times, both at
Tokyo and at Glasgow. He was Vice-President of International
Sunday-school Association; President of the Sunday-school Associ-
ation of Kansas, 1918-19.

As a writer: Frequent contributor of live themes to the Gospel
Messenger; author of Nineteen Centuries of the Christian Church,
Studies in Doctrine, Our Need in Christian Education. Contributor
to the International Bible Encyclopedia.

As a College President: Professor of Philosophy, Ethics and
Theism. In ten years' presidency of McPherson College, he has
witnessed the growth of the institution in the student body from
sixty to four hundred ; four added new buildings ; increase of endow-
ment, $300,000.00. Address, McPherson, (Kan.).

LANDIS, Hubert B ashore, second of seven children of Thomas B.
and Elizabeth (nee Sieber) Landis, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Shirleysburg, (Pa.), January 26, 1871. He
grew up on the farm, availed himself of common school training and
graduated from the Normal English course of Juniata College, in

1894. In 1896 he went to Louisiana, where he has been successful in
mercantile pursuits.

He was united in marriage with Effie, daughter of Jacob and
Susan (nee Studenbaker) Coppock, members of the Church of the
Brethren, living at Tippecanoe City, (O.), the union being solemnized
by the bride's grandfather, Samuel Coppock, on August 31, 1898. To
them were born five children, four of which have reached maturity, —
Elizabeth, Marguerite, Doris, and Hubert.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Huntingdon
congregation, William J. Swigart administering baptism, in May,
1891. The Aughwick congregation called him to the ministry, April,

1895. Being absent from the body of the brotherhood, he has not
been active in the ministry. His address is Winnsboro, (La.).

LANE, James Richardson, fourth of nine children of James and
Elizabeth (nee Sollenberger) Lane, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Shirleysburg, (Pa.), March 4, 1820. He
was reared on the farm, made good use of the little educational ad-

471

A History of the Church of the Brethren

vantages offered in that early day, and taught a number of terms
of school in his younger years.

He was united in marriage with Catherine, daughter of Samuel
and Catherine A. (nee Myers) Myers, members of the Church of

the Brethren, living in Hill Valley, the union
being solemnized January 6, 1846. To them
were born nine children, eight of whom lived
to maturity, namely : Sarah E., Anna M., Belle
N., Virginia F., Samuel M., Franklin L., Alice
R., and James G. The mother was not rugged
and carried a great responsibility, because her
husband was gone from home preaching the
Gospel much of the time.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Sugar Run Church of the Aughwick
congregation, baptism being administered by
John Spanogle. This congregation called him
to the minister, in 1858, and for over forty
years he traveled over mountain and dale,
preaching, in the days when the minister re-
ceived no compensation other than the answer of a good conscience.
He was bishop of the Aughwick congregation for a number of
years ; was leader in Sunday-school work in the days when it was
unpopular to favor such work, for he was one of two delegates to
the first Sunday-school convention of the church in Middle Penn-
sylvania. He died July 26, 1903. Henry B. Brumbaugh conducted
his funeral services. Interment in Garber (home) Cemetery.

LITTLE, David L , seventh of ten children of the family of

Charles C. and Mary E. Little, members of the Methodist Episcopal
Church, was born near Lockport, (Pa.), September 12, 1878. He
attended common schools and took two special Bible courses of six
weeks each. He has been making his living in mercantile pursuits.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Bolivar congre-
gation, (W. Pa.), Harvey S. Replogle administering baptism, May
10, 1908. The Aughwick congregation, (M. Pa.), called him to the
ministry, June 11, 1910. He has represented his congregation at
District Meeting four times ; at General Conference, two times. He
is active in Sunday-school and is a teacher of men's class. He has
held a number of revival meetings. His address is Hanover, (Pa.).

LONG, Alice E., (nee Coffman), older of two children of Samuel
and Susan (nee Smith) Coffman, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born December 31, 1864, in Sharpsburg, (Md.). She
was united in marriage with Walter S. Long, at Bakersville, (Md.),
February 17, 1866. She united with the Church of the Brethren, in
the Manor congregation, through baptism administered by David
Long, in the Autumn of 1888. When eighteen, she began teaching
Sunday-school class and, save a few years, has taught ever since.
She has supplemented her husband's work in his pastorates and made
it possible in many ways to accomplish the good work that has been
accomplished.

472

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

LONG, Christian, son of Joseph Long, a pioneer who made his way
into the wilderness of the Aughwick Valley, and settled in what is
now known as Germany Valley, was old enough to be called to the
ministry in 1802, when this first Church of the Brethren in these
parts was organized. He and his wife were two of the six. Though
he spoke only in the German language, yet the little group of believ-
ers steadily increased amidst the hardships of pioneer life. He had
at least one son, Peter, who succeeded the father in the work of the
church. He died in May, 1849.

LONG, Christian, was born in Aughwick Valley, Huntingdon
County, (Pa.), April 10, 1813. He was reared on the farm, had
meagre educational advantages, even from the standpoint of common
schools.

He was united in marriage with Susannah Hershey, and to them
were born seven children, who grew to manhood, — Abram, David,
Jacob, John, Catherine, Mary, and Annie. Of these but one, Jacob,
was living in 1923.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Aughwick con-
gregation, and by her called to the ministry, in 1840. Later he moved
to Mt. Carroll, (111.), where he built up the church. In 1869, he
moved to Adel, (la.), and became a leader there. He was a suc-
cessful evangelist in his day. He died within the bounds of the
Panther Creek congregation, (la.), on February 14, 1895.

LONG, Orville Valentine, the tenth of twelve children of David
and Mary (nee Reichard) Long, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop, was born near Hagerstown, (Md.), De-
cember 5, 1880. He was reared on the farm and given a high school
educaiton. He has made his living teaching, farming and fruit
growing.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Manor congre-
gation, (Md.), Daniel F. Stouffer administering baptism, December
31, 1876. The Mummer congregation, (S. Pa.), called him to the
ministry in 1891 ; and had him ordained, through the laying on of

hands by Jacob Hollinger and C L. Pfouts, in 1899. He has

represented his congregation at District Meeting fifteen times ; at
General Conference, five times. He served as bishop of the Hanover
and Conawaga congregations (S. Pa.) for a number of years, and
then, in 1906, located in the Clover Creek congregation, and became
pastor of the Roaring Spring congregation, in 1907. During this
pastorate, the splendid Church of the Brethren house now in Roaring
Spring, was erected. Since moving to California, in 1914, he has en-
gaged in orange growing, serving the Santa Ana congregation and
doing evangelistic work. He has been a leader in the Sunday-school
work, serving as superintendent, teacher, or where he could work.
For fifteen years, during the winter, he conducted revival meetings
through Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia. His address is
Fullerton, (Cal.).

LONG, Peter, a son of Christian Long, the first preacher elected in
the Aughwick congregation, was born October 20, 1797. He made

473

A History of the Church of the Brethren

his living on the farm and spent his life in the ministry entirely, in
the days when no one assisted to hear " the expenses."

He was united in marriage with Barbara, daughter of Dr. Peter
Swain, of the same valley. Two daughters were born to this union,
and the wife died in 1819. Later, he married Mary Etnire, but in
the course of a few years, she died, leaving no children. He was
united in marriage again, this time to Susannah Mover, of Lancaster
County, (Pa.), and to this union were born two daughters and one
son, Christian, who was a leading spirit in the church in Illinois and
Iowa. His last wife died in 1883.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Aughwick con-
gregation, where he spent his life for the Master. In 1826, this con-
gregation called him to the ministry, the third preacher elected
within this territory. He dedicated the Germany Valley Stone
Church, in 18.38. In the latter part of his life he moved to Perry
County, where he was bishop of the congregation for five years.

He passed away peacefully on March 23, 1887. One of the home
ministers, Christian Myers, preached his funeral. His body is buried
in the Germany Valley, Aughwick congregation, (Pa.).*

LONG, Walter S., youngest of twelve children of David and Mary
(nee Reichard) Long, members of the Church of the Brethren, in

Marvland, was born near Hagers-
town, (Md.), November 12, 1863.
Llis father was bishop of the Manor
congregation for many years. The
son grew up on the farm, made use
of the very limited educational op-
portunities afforded him, and yet has
devoted his life to the Lord's work
in a very successful way.

He was united in marriage with
Alice E., daughter of Samuel and
Susan (nee Smith) Coffman, Eli
Fourtee solemnizing the union, Feb-
ruary 17, 1886. (See page 4/2.)

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Manor congregation,
(Md.), Joseph R. Long, his uncle, administering baptism, December
19, 1880. April 1, 1890, he and his wife took up membership in the
x\ughwick congregation, where he served as Church Clerk from
January 7, 1892, to 1897. The same congregation, at the Germany
Valley house, called him to the ministry, May 21, 1892, David Long,
his father, of Fairplay, (Md.), installing him in office. He was
steward of the Rockview Old Folks' Home of Middle District,
opened April 1, 1894, and served three years. He became the first
pastor of the Tyrone congregation, as well as the first supported
pastor in Middle District, April 1, 1897, and served the congregation
three and one-half years on a stipend of $300.00 per year. The
Tyrone congregation had him ordained, through the laying on of

* Gleaned from editorial page of Gospel Messenger, May 3, 1887.

474

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

hands by James A. Sell and George S. Myers, on June 17, 1898. He
was pastor of the First Church of Philadelphia, November 1, 1900, to
May 1, 1902; of Germantown, (Pa.), May 1, 1902, to November 1,
1906, when he entered upon his present pastorate. He has repre-
sented his congregation at District Meeting twenty-six times ; at
General Conference, sixteen times, and served on the Standing Com-
mittee in 1917, 1920, and 1922. At this time there is no pastor living
in the Church of the Brethren who has served the church as a sup-
ported pastor as long as he was. He has held many evangelistic
meetings. He first suggested to Middle District the advisability of
having a District Sunday-school secretary, and was its first secretary
for a couple of years. The printed report of the Sunday-school
convention of 1898, which has proved so valuable to the Sunday-
school section of this history, was prepared and published by him.
He has been a member of the Educational and Ministerial Boards of
the District from the beginning of their organization ; was a member
of the committee appointed by General Conference for " Saving our
children to the Church," from" 1917 to 1920; of the Ministerial Board
for three years. His home is in the parsonage of the First Church
of Altoona, (Pa.).

LUTZ, Jacob, became a member of the Church of the Brethren, in
the Aughwick congregation, Huntingdon County, (Pa.). His wife,
Catherine Lutz, was the seventh member of this congregation, and the
first one to be baptized after the organization. This was about the
year 1805. Soon after, her husband, Jacob Lutz, was baptized. He
was called to the ministry in this congregation, and served the church
until his death, August, 1826. The wife died November 3, 1854.*

MADDOCKS, Daniel Brumbaugh, ninth of fifteen children of
Thomas B. and Lydia (nee Brumbaugh) Maddocks, members of the
Church of the Brethren, and he a
bishop of the church, was born near
Martinsburg, Blair County, (Pa.),
February 7, 1869. He had the privi-
lege of a normal school training be-
yond the common schools, and has
made his living working in the Al-
toona car shops, first as carpenter,
and has been promoted until he is
now a foreman.

He was united in marriage with
Junie, the daughter of David H. and
Margaret (nee Burget) Brumbaugh,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, the union being solemnized by
James D. Brumbaugh, July 28, 1895.

To them were born two children, Daniel Chester and Joseph Nason.
September 19, 1895, the family moved to Roaring Spring, and July
1, 1907, to Altoona, their present residence.

* Cleaned from an obituary notice in Gospel Visitor, 1855, page 23.

475

A History of the Church of the Brethren

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Clover Creek
congregation, George W. Brumbaugh administering baptism, March
7, 1887. The Roaring Spring congregation called him to the min-
istry, August 7, 1898, James A. Sell officiating; advanced to the
second degree, March 4, 1900 ; and, through the laying on of hands
by Brice Sell and Frederic C. Dively, had him ordained, April 9,
1905. He has represented his congregation fifteen times at District
Meeting and five times at General Conference. He has been a
teacher in the Sunday-school for over thirty years ; has held five re-
vivals, at which sixty-seven made confession of Christ.

His usefulness in his own district is fairly well outlined in the
following: Pastor of Bellwood congregation, May, 1913, to Septem-
ber, 1920, and bishop since 1917; bishop of Twenty-eighth Street
congregation, Altoona, since 1920; president of the District Mission
Board since 1920. He served on the building committee and assisted
in building the following churches : Roaring Spring, Hollidaysburg,
Stonerstown, Twenty-eighth Street, Altoona, First Church of Al-
toona, Memorial Church, at Martinsburg. He designed and assisted
in erecting the "Home" for the aged, at Martinsburg, (Pa.). Ad-
dress, Altoona, (Pa.).

MADDOCKS, Thomas Barnabas, youngest of seven children of
Richard and Mary (nee Lowe) Maddocks, members of the Methodist

Episcopal Church, was born in Mack-
worth, Derbyshire, England, March
27, 1834. He learned a trade, as is
the English custom, and was a cabi-
netmaker, undertaker, and general
carpenter. He received a normal
school training, according to the
standards of his native land. He
came to America in 1851.

He was united in marriage with
Lydia, daughter of George and Eliza-
beth (nee Dougherty) Brumbaugh,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, and -he serving as bishop forty
years, the union being solemnized by
Daniel M. Holsinger, on June 3, 1856.
To them were born fifteen children, — Mary, George, John, Elizabeth,
Samuel, Sarah, Henry, Andrew, Daniel, Hannah, Thomas, David,
Annie, Virginia, and Ella.

He confessed Christ, by uniting with the church of his parents, in
his youth, and became a class leader for a few years. Henry R.
Holsinger " first met him in the summer of 1856, was favorably im-
pressed with the young man because of his sociability, and persuaded
him to visit our home. He did so, and engaged to teach the Clover
Creek school during the winter of 1856."* Making his home with
Henry's father, that winter, he became interested in the tenets of the

* Biographical sketch of Thomas B. Maddocks, Holsinger's History of the Tank-
ers, p. 357.

476

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Church of the Brethren, and united with her in the Clover Creek
congregation, Daniel M. Holsinger administering baptism, in March,
1856. This congregation called him to the ministry, on Christmas,
1868, John Holsinger, John Spanogle and James R. Lane officiating;
the second degree, Christmas, 1872, and had him ordained, August
11, 1894. He had the oversight of the Clover Creek and Roaring
Spring congregations, in association with George W. Brumbaugh,
until his death. He was a regular attendant at District Meetings,
many times at General Conference, and five times represented his
congregation before it. He served on the Standing Committee at
Harrisburg, (Pa.), in 1902. He was made a member of the advisory
committee to Juniata College, in 1897, and served until his death. As
far as record shows, he was the first superintendent of a Sunday-
school of the Church of the Brethren in Morrison's Cove, filling that
position in the Fredericksburg school, in 1865. He erected the fol-
lowing church houses : Clover Creek, Diehl's Cross Roads, and first
one of the Brethren's Churches in Martinsburg.

He died March 20, 1908. His funeral was preached by Andrew B.
Burget. Text, Revelations 2:10. Fifteen ministers and many
friends followed him to his last resting place in the Brumbaugh
Cemetery, Clover Creek congregation.

MALLERY, Leonard S., third of four children of James B. and
Laura (nee Hatton) Mallery, members of the Baptist Church, was
born in Altoona, (Pa.), February 25, 1880. He received common
school education, and has made his living in the employ of the Penn-
sylvania Railroad Company.

He was united in marriage with Alice M., daughter of John W. and
Maggie (nee Hostler) Temple, the Reverend Barron, of the Presby-
terian Church, solemnizing the union, at Hollidaysburg, July 27, 1901.
To them were born four children, — Ruth, Richard, Paul, and Charles.

He first confessed Christ, by uniting with the Evangelical Church,
when thirty-two years old. Here he served as Sunday-school super-
intendent, class leader, teacher, and four years as pastor. On June
15, 1924, he united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Juniata
Park congregation, baptism being administered by O. P. Haines.
Here he was called to the ministry, November 30, 1924. His address
is 509 Tenth Avenue, Juniata Branch, Altoona, (Pa.).

MAUST, M J., fourth of five children of Lientellar and Eliza-
beth (nee Johnson) Maust, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born near Masontown, (Pa.), June 17, 1878. He received a
common school education, prepared himself, and has made his living
as funeral director.

He was united in marriage with Nora E., daughter of William
and Nancy (nee Seout) Teeter, of Uniontown, (Pa.), the union
being solemnized by John C. Johnson, May 5, 1904. To them were
born two sons and two daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Uniontown con-
gregation, (W. Pa.), John C. Johnson administering baptism, in 1892.
In the Marleysburg congregation, (W. Pa.), he was called to the
ministry, in 1911, Samuel Umbel officiating. For a while he filled the

477

A History of the Church of the Brethren

pulpit at four points around Markleysburg, and since he has lived in
congregations where the pulpit is supplied. His address is Ev-
erett, (Pa.).

MICKLH, Raymond, second of four children of Thomas B. and
Anna (nee Blackburn) Mickle, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, and he a bishop in the Dunnings Creek
congregation, was born near New Paris, (Pa.),
September 12, 1894. Though reared on the
farm, he had the advantages of a common
school education, spent two and one-half years
in preparatory and four years at Juniata Col-
lege, and received his degree, A.B., 1919; took
graduate work at Columbia University, (N.
Y.), where he received his A.M., February,
1924. From 1919 to 1922 he taught history in
Kiskiminetas Springs School, a private Acad-
emy for boys at Saltsburg, (Pa.). During the
summers of 1921, 1922 and 1923 he was in
charge of the boys' activities at Northover
Camp, Bound Brook, (N. J.), a summer camp
of a large New York social settlement house.
In 1923, he was chief councillor, and in 1924, camp director. Whde
working for his Master's degree, in 1922-24, he supervised all the
boys' work at the Christodora Settlement House, on the lower east
side of Manhattan, in New York City. He also taught and super-
vised classes in English and citizenship aid to foreigners in connec-
tion with the Christodora House, during 1924-25.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Huntingdon
congregation, baptism being administered by William J. Swigart, in
October, 1915. This congregation called him to the ministry, April
4, 1917, John H. Cassady officiating at the installation. He has been
a teacher of boys' classes in Sunday-school, and holds diplomas for
Teacher Training and International requirements. Forwarding ad-
dress, New Paris, (Pa.).

MICKLE, Thomas B., tenth of thirteen children of John G. and
Mary Mickle, members of the Evangelical Church, was born on a
farm in Napier Township, Bedford County, (Pa.), February 16.
1871. Fie received a common school education, and has made his
living farming and at carpentry.

He was united in marriage with Anna M., daughter of Albert and
Elizabeth Blackburn, John S. Holsinger solemnizing the union in his
home, February 26, 1892. To them were born two sons and two
daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Dunnings Creek
congregation, John S. Holsinger administering baptism, October 20,
1892. This congregation called him to the ministry, March 16, 1901 ;
advanced him, October 28, 1905, and, through the laying on of hands
by Peter Knavel and Harvey S. Replogle, had him ordained, Sep-
tember 10, 1915. He has represented his congregation at District
Meeting eight times, and General Conference, three times. He is a

478

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

leader in Sunday-school, and has had the oversight of the Dunnings
Creek congregation since 1917. His home is at New Paris, (Pa.).

MILLER, Abram Brown, second of four children of John B. and
Annie E. (nee Brown) Miller, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, and he a bishop, was born near Woodbury, (Pa.), June 10,
1884. Besides his country school training, he is a graduate of Juniata
College, A.B., 1909; of Teachers' College, Columbia University, A.M.,
1914. He was instructor of Mathematics, Altoona High Schools
1910-16; Department of Social Science, Juniata College, 1916-19
teacher of Mathematics, Cleveland, (O.), High School, since 1920.
Head of Mathematics Department, Fairmount Junior High Training
School for Educational Department of Western Reserve University;
teacher of Trigonometry and College Algebra in the Central Y. M.
C. A., Engineering School; president of the Mathematics Club of
Cleveland, (C), for 1924-25. This club has 180 active members.
Team captain for the Community Fund Campaign each year ; mem-
ber of the Cleveland Council of Sociology; member of the Cleveland
Research Club, and observation teacher in the Cleveland summer
school of education.

He was united in marriage with Mary, daughter of John S. and
Emma (nee Nycum) Hershberger, of Everett, (Pa.), the union
being solemnized by her father, on August 23, 1911. To this union
one son, John Paul, was born. The wife died February 13, 1920.
Then he was united in marriage with Florence, daughter of Julia
K. Brooks, of Cleveland, (O.), this union being solemnized by
Doctor A. B. Meldrum, December 9, 1922.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Woodbury con-
gregation, Jacob K. Brown administering baptism, in 1895. The
Huntingdon congregation called him to the ministry, January 11,
1906, Henry B. Brumbaugh conducting the installation service. He
served eight years in the Anti-Saloon work of Pennsylvania. He
has always been active in various Sunday-school lines. In Cleveland,
for the last two years, he has been superintendent of Sunday-school
there. His address is 8935 Meridan Avenue, Cleveland, (O.).

MILLER, Andrew, a son of Peter and Catherine (nee Workman)
Miller, was born on the old homestead, in Wills Creek, August 24,
1803. He was reared on the farm and received his education in the
upstairs of his father's home.

He was united in marriage with Hannah Studebaker, and to them
were born eight children, namely, Jacob, Samuel, John, Anna, who
married James Elder ; Catherine, who married Levi Carpenter ; Eliza-
beth, who married Levi Hardman; Maria, who married Henry Cook;
and Hannah, who married William Walker.

Because of the great need for ministers in that section, he was
called to the sacred office earlier in life than was customary with the
church, and became the second minister in the Wills Creek congrega-
tion. Besides his service in his home congregation, he went on
preaching tours through Somerset County, Dunnings Creek and
Snake Spring Valleys, Morrison's Cove, Friend's Cove, Cumberland
Valley, Steets Church, and at Artemas. He died December 19, 1855.

479

A History of the Church of the Brethren

& '*>?

MILLER, Arthur C, third of nine children of Benjamin F. and
Nora Anna (nee Myers) Miller, members of the Church of the

Brethren, and he a bishop for many
years, was born near Greenmont,
Rockingham County, (Va.), October
9, 1886. He availed himself of three
years' high school in Weyers Cave,
(Va.), and two years' English Bible
course at Bridgewater College, (Va.).
He was united in marriage with
Bessie E., daughter of John W. and
Kate S. (nee Wampler) Cline, mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren,
the union being solemnized by Sam-
uel D. Miller, December 22, 1909.
The bride had three years of high
school training. She united with the
Church of the Brethren, in October,
1903. To them were born four children, — J. Warren, Stanley C,
Gay M., and Doris M.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Pleasant Valley
congregation, (Va.), Samuel D. Miller administering baptism, in
October, 1903. This congregation called him to the ministry, in
August, 1912, Daniel S. Flory and Peter Garber conducting the in-
stallation. The Roaring Spring congregation, (Pa.), through the
laying on of hands by Moses R. Brumbaugh and Leonard R. Hol-
singer, had him ordained, May 27, 1923. He has represented his
congregation at District Meeting twice, and at General Conference,
five times. On December 1, 1922, he left the farm and entered upon
his present pastorate, in Roaring Spring. Pie has held twenty re-
vivals, during which time two hundred and seventy have come to the
church. His largest revival was in the Roaring Spring (Pa.) con-
gregation, in February, 1923, when forty-eight were received. Ad-
dress, Roaring Spring, (Pa.).

MILLER, Dh:Witt H., third of nine children of Robert J. and Kate

S. (nee Bowman) Miller, members
of the Church of the Brethren, was
born at Bridgewater, (Va.), January
22, 1890. He was reared on the
farm, had the advantage of a com-
mon school education, and in addi-
tion, attended Hebron Seminary,
1909-11; Bridgewater College, (Va.),
1912-17, receiving his A.B. ; did pas-
toral and evangelistic work, 1917-19;
taught Mathematics in Hebron Semi-
nary, (Va.), 1919-20; attended Juni-
ata Divinity School and received
B.D., 1923.

He was united in marriage with
Effie E., daughter of Abram and

480

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Elizabeth (nee Senger) Thomas, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop, the union being solemnized by Peter S.
Thomas, September 27, 1917. To them was born one son, — DeWitt
Thomas.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in Fairfax congrega-
tion, (Va.), baptism being administered by Samuel A. Sanger,
August, 1903. Here he was called to the ministry, July 10, 1909.
The Aughwick congregation had him ordained, through the laying
on of hands by Tobias T. Myers and William M. Ulrich, May 19,
1923. He served as pastor of the Aughwick congregation during the
time he took his divinity work at Juniata College ; of Calvary Church
of the Brethren, Philadelphia, June 15, 1923, to July 12, 1924; and is
now pastor of the Cumberland Mission, (Md.). His address is 305
Race Street, Cumberland, (Md.).

MILLER, George H., one of six children of John S. and Susannah
Miller, members of the Church of the Brethren, and he a bishop,
was born at Rocklick, at the foot of the Alleghany Mountain, in
Bedford County, (Pa.), November 5, 1859. He was reared on the
farm, had opportunity for little education, and is making his living
by farming.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Dunnings Creek
congregation, in 1882. This congregation called him to the ministry,
September 7, 1894. He has represented his congregation at District
Meeting, once. Recently he has moved out of the bounds of his home
congregation, and is not active in the ministry.

MILLER, Jacob, fourth of nine children of Martin Miller, a bishop
in the Yellow Creek congregation, near its beginning, was born at
New Enterprise, (Pa.), October 18, 1813. His
education was limited ; by trade he was a car-
penter, cabinetmaker and millwright. He made
many pieces of fine furniture. He served the
church all his lifetime without any money
compensation.

He was united in marriage with Esther,
daughter of David and Elizabeth (nee Snow-
berger) Long. His wife died September 25,
1885. His second marriage was with Lydia,
daughter of David and Catherine (nee
Frantz) Ebersole.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
at New Enterprise, in 1840; by her called to
the ministry, in 1844, and ordained, in 1870.
He was given the oversight of the New Enter-
prise congregation, at the death of John Holsinger, and continued
until his death. He was often at District and Annual Meeting, fre-
quently representing his congregation. He was at home in his native
tongue, the German language. The Sunday-school cause found him
a loyal and faithful supporter from the beginning. The close of a
letter to the Ministerial Meeting, which he could not attend, because
too feeble, consisted of these words : " Do all you can for the

481

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Sunday-school cause." His liberality to missions was an outstand-
ing feature of his life. The Altoona church, in her beginning, was
liberally supported by him. During his term as bishop, the Yellow
Creek congregation was divided and the Woodbury congregation
formed. He then became bishop of the latter congregation. He died
February 9, 1890, James A. Sell and John B. Fluck preached his
funeral. His body is buried in Replogle Cemetery.

MILLER, Jacob, oldest of eight children of Andrew and Hannah
(nee Studebaker) Miller, members of the Church of the Brethren,
living in Milligan's Cove, Bedford County, (Pa.), was born Febru-
ary 18, 1828, on the Peter Miller farm, near Buffalo Mills. He spent
his boyhood days on the farm, and attended school upstairs in his
father's house, until he was ten years old. One of his first teachers
was Abram Miller, a cousin of his father, who taught school for
years. Peter Lehman was another teacher. At fifteen, he went to
Bedford and attended the school of Thomas J. Harris, a Roman
Catholic and disciplinarian of the old school. Jacob taught school
near Shellsburg, (Pa.), during the winters of 1845-47, during which
time he made his home with George Williams, who afterwards be-
came a member of the state legislature. His daughter, Mary, be-
cause school was too far away, took lessons of the boarding teacher
in the evenings. Afterwards, she went to work in the United States
Mint, in Philadelphia. While there, a new profile was wanted for
the silver dollar, and, because of her beauty, she was selected. Note
the letter " W " on the bottom edge of the profile. In the Fall of

1847, Jacob taught a select school in New Enterprise. During 1848,
he continued teaching here, and made his home in turn with Leonard
Furry, Daniel Snowberger and David Snowberger.

He was united in marriage with Eleanor, daughter of Peter and
Hannah (nee Smith) Arnold, the family having moved into Wills
Creek a few years before, the union being solemnized, December 25,

1848. To this union were born three children, namely, Andrew Q.
(deceased), Emma A., who married Joseph Z. Replogle; Charlotte,
who married Fillmore E. Baker.

Several months after Jacob and his wife attended the General Con-
ference, at Berlin, (Pa.), in 1849, James Quinter stopped to visit the
members in Wills Creek. On this visit, in August, 1849, after preach-
ing one Sunday, James Quinter baptized this couple. About June.
1851, Jacob was called to the ministry at the time of a lovefeast.
James Quinter and Jacob Hauger were, present at this meeting and
perhaps conducted the installation service.

In the Spring, 1853, he attended a lovefeast occasion at Berlin,
Somerset County, and was not feeling well while there. During the
lovefeast, which was held in the barn, he took sick. The next day he
started for home. It rained all the way. Mumps and other compli-
cations developed. He died May 11, 1853. Jacob Hauger, of Som-
erset County, preached his funeral. Interment in the family burying
ground on his father's farm.

MILLER, John B., a son of Jacob W. and Catherine (nee Walter)
Miller, was born in Bedford County, (Pa.), May 5, 1837. He was

482

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

reared on the farm, had very meagre opportunities for an education
and, until he moved to New Paris, made his living tilling the soil.

He was united in marriage with Sussannah E., daughter of John
P. Hoover, on January 6, 1859. To this union six children were
born. His wife died in 1868. Later, he married Elizabeth Furry,
widow of John B. Furry and daughter of Daniel Snowberger.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in 1856, in the Dun-
nings Creek congregation ; served in the capacity of deacon for six
years; was called to the ministry, January 15, 1871; four years later
advanced to the second degree; and ordained, June 8, 1895. He
always lived within the bounds of Dunnings Creek congregation. He
attended District Meetings, representing his congregation often ; like-
wise General Conference, up until 1912. He was interested in the
church periodicals, and acted as agent through the years from the
beginning of the Gospel Visitor, to the Gospel Messenger. He sol-
emnized sixty- four marriages, preached many funerals, was a liberal
contributor to the work of the church, both of time and means. He
served one term as member of the District Mission Board of West-
ern Pennsylvania.

He died October 9, 1912. His funeral was conducted by Levi
Rogers, a home minister, assisted by Levi Holsinger and Reverend
Conly, of the Evangelical Church. Interment in York Cemetery.*

MILLER, John Bowser, the youngest, with a twin sister, of six
children of the family of David T. and Susan (nee Bowser) Miller,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born near Woodbury, Bed-
ford County, (Pa.), on August 2,
1856. He was reared on a farm and
made farming his occupation until
1908; since then he has been en-
gaged in evangelistic work. He
availed himself of a good common
school education, prepared himself,
and has taught vocal music for many
years.

He is united in marriage with An-
nie Elizabeth, daughter of Abram
and Mary Kefer Brown, Jacob Miller
solemnizing the union, February 5,
1880. To them were born four chil-
dren, Dessa Mae, A. Brown, Ruth Pearl, and Kenton Roy.

In the New Enterprise congregation, in December, 1876, through
immersion administered by Henry Hershberger, he united with the
Church of the Brethren. The Woodbury congregation called him to
the ministry, x\ugust 18, 1888, and, through the laying on of hands
by John W. Brumbaugh and James A. Sell, he was ordained, April
13, 1907. He has represented his congregation some twenty-five
times at District Meeting, and his district on the Standing Com-

* Gleaned from sketch in Blough's History of the Church of the Brethren in
Western Pennsylvania.

483

A History of the Church of the Brethren

mittee, once, and once at General Conference. His field of labor
has been District rather than the home congregation, and yet he has
served the latter also. In 1898, he was elected a member of the
District Mission Board, and served twenty-one consecutive years ;
since, he has been district missionary secretary. From the first he
was a member of the Trustees of the Old Folks' Home; was a mem-
ber of the building committee, and canvassed the District for the
money to build the home. At the Sedalia General Conference, in
1920, he was made a member of the Conference Music Committee,
and continues in that service. He has been bishop, for a period of
years, of the following congregations : Bellwood, Stonerstown, Rid-
dlesburg, Queen, Albright, Leamersville. He is now pastor of the
Claysburg Mission and the Leamersville congregation. Address,
Curry ville, (Pa.).

MILLER, Martin, born in 1776, was a minister in the early Yellow
Creek congregation. His son, Jacob, born in 1813, was a loved min-
ister in the latter half of the last century.

MOHLER, Jacob, a son of Jacob and Mary Mohler, members of the
Church of the Brethren, who were among the early settlers in the
Kishacoquillas congregation, near Lewistown, (Pa.), was born
August 25, 1802. He made his living by farming.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Lewistown con-
gregation, and later called to the ministry. He died March 9, 1889.
His funeral was conducted by Samuel Swigart and Samuel G.
Rupert.

MOHLER, John M., eighth of eleven children of Jacob and Sarah
(nee Rothrock) Mohler, members of the Church of the Brethren,

was born near Mechanicsburg, (Pa.),
December 26, 1837. He was reared
on the farm and, for the most part,
made his living by farming. When
he was quite young, his parents
moved into Dry Valley, near Lewis-
town. Here he received a common
school education and, through private
lessons, to some extent mastered
Greek and Latin. He taught school
some twenty years.

He was united in marriage with
Amanda Ellen, daughter of Christian
and Margaret (nee Kearns) Hoover,
members of the Presbyterian Church,
living near Lewistown, the union be-
ing solemnized December 24, 1858. To them were born five children,
— Vina, wife of John B. Shellenberger, and Anna, wife of Harry A.
Spanogle, reaching maturity. His wife died February 3, 1894. On
August 6, 1902, he was united in marriage with Sarah (nee Coudry)
Mauk, a member of the Church of the Brethren, near Mechanics-
burg, (Pa.).

484

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

A few years after his first marriage, he and his wife united with
the Church of the Brethren, in the Lewistown (now Dry Valley)
congregation. Here he was called to the ministry, May 18, 1874;
this congregation had him ordained, May 24, 1898. When he was
called to the ministry, he gave up teaching and turned his talent to
the development of the church. He conducted evangelistic meetings
in almost every state from the Atlantic to the Pacific. He was
usually at District Meetings and General Conference, whether he
was a delegate or not, and his voice was often heard in these meet-
ings. He was active in the ministry till the close. He preached near
Mechanicsburg, (S. Pa.), on Sunday morning. Text, 2 Peter
1 : 13-16, which proved to be a most significant message in the light
of his death that week, January 25, 1919. Funeral services in the
Mechanicsburg church by Joseph Long; in the home of his daughter.
Mrs. Harry (Annie Mohler) Spanogle, in Lewistown, (Pa.), by
Samuel J. Swigart, Text, Philippians 1:20-21. Interment in Dry
Valley Cemetery.

MOHR, Ferdinand HeXTzeX, second of seven children of Andrew
and Anna Maria (nee Heltzel) Mohr, members of the Lutheran
Church, was born near Baker's Summit, Bedford County, (Pa.),
March 1, 1871. His father, a stone mason and cooper by trade, died
when the son was seven years old; hence, instead of the advantages
of a common school education, he knew only hard work from his
early life. He has made his living on the farm.

He was united in marriage with Ina C. Pote, November 30, 1897.
To them one son was born, but died in infancy. The mother died
February 27, 1900. The second time he was united in marriage with
Catherine, daughter of Isaac L. and Mary (nee Lamburn) Snyder,
living near Madrid, John L. Holsinger solemnizing the union, Octo-
ber 16, 1902. To them one son was born.

In 1886, when but fifteen years old, he united with the Lutheran
Church, and continued in that communion until June 3, 1900, the
time he united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Woodbury
congregation, Jacob K. Brown administering baptism. This congre-
gation called him to the deacon's office, April 13, 1907; to the min-
istry, October 7, 1911 ; and, through the laying on of hands by David
T. Detwiler and Charles O. Beery, he was ordained, September 25,
1920. He has served the Holsinger Sunday-school as superintendent
for the last twelve years ; has represented his congregation at District
Meeting and General Conference, each four times. He is living on
the farm looking after the interests of the Holsinger group of mem-
bers, as well as preaching some at the Curry and Replogle houses, all
in the Woodbury congregation. Address, Baker's Summit, (Pa.).

MOORE, Samuel A., third of seven children of Hugh Mason and
Fanny (nee Graybill) Moore, the father a Presbyterian and the
mother a Mennonite, was born near Martinsburg, (Pa.), February
13, 1834. He received a public school education, and made his living
in the mercantile and lumbering business.

In 1855, he was united in marriage with Catherine, daughter of
Martin and Mary (nee Long) Hoover. To them were born six chil-

485

A History of the Church of the Brethren

dren, Frances, Martin L., Elizabeth H.. married to Jacob H. Beeghly,
a deacon in the Church of the Brethren; Elias H., Benjamin F., and

Mary Ann, married to Joseph W.
Garland.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, by baptism administered
by Daniel M. Holsinger, in the Clover
Creek mill dam, February 22, 1856.
In the Clover Creek congregation he
was called to the ministry, in Novem-
ber, 1865. Shortly after, he moved
within the bounds of the Snake
Spring Valley congregation, for, on
March 28, 1868, he was advanced to
the second degree. Those present at
the occasion, one of whom officiated,
were Jacob Steele, Andrew Snow-
berger, Isaac Ritchey, and Henry
Clapper. During his labors he solemnized 366 marriages and bap-
tized 334 members into the Church of the Brethren. He died Sep-
tember 22, 1899. Interment in Utahville Cemetery, Utahville, (Pa.).
His wife, who was also a member of the Church of the Brethren,
died September 13, 1 900.

MORRIS, James Henry, third of six children of William J. and
Elizabeth Morris, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born
near Everett, (Pa.), August 31, 1876. He was reared on the farm
and received common school training until he reached his maturity.
After being called to the ministry, he went west, put himself through
college in the following manner: Valparaiso, (Ind.), 1902-03; Man-
chester College, (Ind.), Bible, 1904-06, B.S.L.; Valparaiso, (Ind.),
1908-09, B.Pd., B.S., A.B,; Southern Baptist Theological Seminary,
(Ky.), 1910-12, Th.B.; Bethanv Bible School, Chicago, Philosophy
and Bible, 1910, 1912, 1916-18, M.A. In this time he taught in
the public schools of Pennsylvania, 1898-01 ; assistant teacher of
Mathematics, Manchester College, (Ind.). 1904-05; Bridgewater
College, (Va.), 1906-08; Principal Herrin, (111.), High School,
1909-10.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Yellow Creek
congregation, baptism being administered by Samuel Ritchey, in
1893. This congregation called him to the ministry, June 21, 1902;
the Cordell congregation, (Okla.), had him ordained, through the

laying on of hands by David E. Cripe and A L. Boyd, December

28, 1913. He has represented his congregation twice at District
Meeting. From May 31, 1912, to January 1, 1917, he was District
Sunday-school secretary and evangelist for Oklahoma, Texas and
New Mexico. From September, 1910, to May 30, 1912, he was mis-
sionary pastor in Harrison County, (Ind.). From January 1, 1917,
to 1923 he was registrar and Church History teacher at Bethany
Bible School. He is author of three pamphlets, — Forty Lessons in
Acts and Epistles, The Story of Redemption, and Historical Facts of
Church and State, and of a book, History of the Church of the

486

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Brethren in Oklahoma. At present he is pastor at Carthage, (Mo.),
his present address.

MURPHY, Ross D., oldest of four children of Scott and Mary
Jane (nee Rummel) Murphy, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, and he a deacon, was born near Salix, Cambria County, (Pa.),
September 6, 1882. As student, he has earned the following: Juni-
ata College, Normal, 1902-06, B.E. ; Juniata College, 1907-12, A.B.;
University of Pennsylvania, 1917, and summer of 1921 ; graduate
student in Psychology and Assistant in Psychology, 1922-24.

He was united in marriage with Sara Florence, daughter of Wen-
dell M. and Elizabeth (nee Newcomer) Fogelsanger, of Shippens-
burg, (Pa.), the union being solemnized by John H. Cassady, Decem-
ber 22, 1918. The bride had united with the Church of the Brethren
in the First Church of Philadelphia, March 31, 1907. From Juniata
College she received B.S.L., 1911; A.B., 1912; from the University
of Pennsylvania, A.M., in 1916; Ph.D., 1917. As far as known, she
enjoys the distinction of being the only woman of the Church of the
Brethren to have the Doctor of Philosophy degree. She has held
professorship in English in La Verne (Calif.) College, Cumberland
Valley State Normal School, (Pa.), and Blue Ridge College, (Md.).

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Rummel con-
gregation, baptism being administered by Joseph J. Shaffer, on
August 13, 1900. The Shade Creek congregation (W. Pa.) called
him to the ministry, November 24, 1904. The Pipe Creek congrega-
tion (M. Md.), through the laying on of hands by A. P. Snader and
George Hoke, had him ordained, November 4, 1921. He has repre-
sented his congregation at District Meeting, twice ; at General Con-
ference, five times. He was pastor at Roaring Spring, (Pa.), 1912;
vSunday-school Secretary for Western Pennsylvania District, 1913 ;
Field Secretary for the General Mission Board, 1914-15; pastor at
Shippensburg, (S. Pa.), 1916-19; Acting President of Blue Ridge
College, (Md.), 1920-22; supply pastor, First Church of Philadelphia,
1923-24; pastor since September 1, 1924. He has been a regular con-
tributor to the Teachers' Monthly, published at Elgin, (111.), since
1919. Address, 2260 North Park Ave., Philadelphia, (Pa.).

MUSSER, Samuel, was born in Lancaster County, (Pa.). His was
but a common school training, and he made his living by farming.
While living in Stone Valley, he attended a lovefeast in Spring Run.
He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, when living in
Stone Valley. After attending a lovefeast in Spring Run congrega-
tion, at a later meeting held near his home, he united with the
Church of the Brethren. He was called to the ministry in later
years. In 1867, he was united in marriage with Sarah McAuley. He
died August 4, 1891, and is buried in Spring Run Cemetery.

MYERS, Bruce L, son of Ephraim and Fannie C. Myers, members
of the Church of the Brethren, was born in McAlistersville, Juniata
County, (Pa.), October 30, 1872. While living on the farm, he re-
ceived a common school education. In 1895, he graduated from the
Normal English course of Juniata College.

487

A History of the Church of the Brethren

In 1912, he married Ermyn L., daughter of James H. France, of
Philipsburg, (Pa.), the union being solemnized by G. M. Glenn, of
the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which she is a member. To
them are born three children, James France, Jean Corinne, and
Doris Irene.

In his youth he united with the Church of the Brethren, in the
Huntingdon congregation. The Aughwick congregation called him
to the ministry, in April, 1895, Henry B. Brumbaugh officiating at the
installation. After spending nineteen years as a teacher, supervisor
and superintendent of schools, he became engaged in business. At
present he is manager of the Philadelphia office of the Laurel Book
Company, Educational Publishers, with office at 603 Chestnut Street,
Philadelphia. His residence is 1228 South Fifty-second Street.

MYERS, George S., oldest of eight children of the family of Reuben
and Catherine (nee Snyder) Myers, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born near Lewistown,
Mifflin County, (Pa.), March 28,
1842. He took advantage of the
rural schools of his day, and kept
abreast of the times through much
reading. He was a well informed
man. When old enough, he taught
a few terms of country school ;
turned his attention to farming for
a number of years ; and then engaged
in lumbering.

He was united in marriage with
Susan, daughter of Christian and
Elizabeth (nee Titlow) Reiff, in 1867,
and to them were born three children,
Oscar R. Myers alone surviving. He
was united in his second marriage, on February 14, 1889, with Rosie,
daughter of Daniel and Catherine Snowberger, of New Enter-
prise, (Pa.).

In the Lewistown (now Dry Valley) congregation, he was united
with the Church of the Brethren, July 5, 1863. This congregation
called him to the deacon's office, October 26, 1867; to the ministry,
May 22, 1869; and, while residing in the New Enterprise congrega-
tion, through the laying on of hands by James A. Sell and Samuel
J. Swigart, he was ordained, September 4, 1897.

He represented his congregation at both District Meeting and Gen-
eral Conference, a number of times. His favorite field of religious
work was the Sunday-school. When a lad, he attended a union
school, and his father was rather severely criticised for permitting
his son to go. Then, when Clover Creek started a Sunday-school,
and there was much agitation among the churches, in speaking of
those "so completely absorbed with the subject of Sabbath-schools'
as to miss " regular meetings," he concludes that " their zeal is not
according to knowledge." Further, he says, "One very great objec-
tion I have to Sabbath-schools is the predominance of a class of
books in their libraries, for which I can find no better name than

488

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

religious novels." * Later in life, there was no more enthusiastic
Sunday-school worker in the District than he. He served on the
Home Mission Board seventeen years, and accepted nothing for it,
not even his expenses. He was one of the three original committee
appointed by the District to prepare this history. He went through
the complete files of the Gospel Messenger, indexing all references to
ministers living in the District. He closed his labors, July 27, 1919.
His funeral services were conducted by David T. Detwiler. Inter-
ment in the New Enterprise Cemetery.

MYERS, Graybiu,, was born in Lancaster County, (Pa.), January
6, 1808. His opportunities for education were extremely limited, yet
all through his life he favored education. He made his living on
the farm.

He was united in marriage with Magdalena Weidler, in August,
1831. To them were born four sons and four daughters. The fam-
ily moved to Union County, in 1833, and the next year to Kishaco-
quillas Valley, and in the Dry Valley congregation, both he and his
wife, united with the Church of the Brethren. Here he was called
to the deacon's office. In 1839 he moved within the bounds of the
Aughwick congregation, and was called to the ministry in 1840. In
1851, he located within the bounds of the Warriors Mark congrega-
tion, in the extreme upper end, about three miles north of Altoona.
Then, April 1, 1865, having sold his farm to Conrad Imler, he located
at Eldorado, within the bounds of the Duncansville congregation.
Here he resided till he died. From all the evidence available, one
must conclude that after consulting a number of leading brethren,
he called the first district meeting in Middle Pennsylvania. His
notice of this meeting appeared in the Gospel Visitor, March 12, 1861,
in which he set the bounds of the District as between the Susque-
hanna River on the east, the Alleghany Mountains on the west, and
the north and south boundaries of the State for the other two limita-
tions. The impetus of this gathering no doubt did much to cause
other portions of the Brotherhood to do likewise, and he lived to see
the church fully organized into what is now known as State Districts.
Once he served as moderator of District Meeting. He frequented
these annual gatherings, but not to take part in the discussions. His
wife died January 25, 1880. At a lovefeast in Clover Creek, he spoke
on the Lord's Supper, his last public message. In the home of John
W. Brumbaugh, where he went after the communion season, he took
sick, and died, November 1, 1887. The funeral services were con-
ducted by James Quinter and James A. Sell. Interment in the
Carson Valley Cemetery.

MYERS, J. AllSn, fifth of ten children born to Peter S. and Sarah
(nee Graeff) Myers, members of the Church of the Brethren, and he
a bishop, was born near McVeytown, Mifflin County, (Pa.), April
13, 1858. He grew up on the farm, attended the common schools,
took the Normal English course at Juniata College, graduating in
1887, and spent two years in the University of Pennsylvania. From

* Christian Family Companion, Vol. I, page 212.

489

A History of the Church of the Brethren

1876 to 1915, he was engaged in educational work; since, he is the
manager of the Juniata Subscription Agency.

He was united in marriage with Viola, daughter of Alonzo and
Elizabeth (nee Bender) Workman, members of the Church of the

Brethren, near Loudenville, (O.), the
union being solemnized by Ferdinand
England, December 24, 1897. To them
were born Lois, Doris, and Elizabeth
reaching maturity, and one son dying in
infancy.

While living in the Spring Run congre-
gation, (Pa.), perhaps in the year 1873,
he united with the Church of the Breth-
ren, his father administering baptism.
When the Culver congregation (Kan.)
was organized, he was teaching the Culver
schools, and was there called to the office
of deacon, in 1880. Later, he returned to
his native State, and the Spring Run con-
gregation called him to the ministry,
October 19, 1883; also, through the laying on of hands by John C.
Swigart and Walter S. Long, had him ordained. He has represented
his congregation at District and General Conference a number of
times ; was always deeply interested in Sunday-school, and, as a
scholar, committed to memory as many as one thousand verses of
Scripture in a summer. While a member of the Spring Run congre-
gation, he carried his full share of the ministry, and made many long
trips reaching the outposts. While teaching school, he also con-
ducted singing schools at different places in the surrounding country.
After entering upon his duties at Juniata College, his preaching took
on a decidedly educational bias ; he has been very helpful to Juniata
College, — raised the funds for Science building and gathering in con-
siderable of its endowment. He has been a trustee of Juniata College
since 1911; Secretary of the Board of Trustees since, 1912. His
address is Huntingdon, (Pa.).

MYERS, Oscar Rsiff, second of three children of George S. and
Susan (nee Reiff) Myers, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born in Lewistown, Mifflin County, (Pa.), April 16, 1873. Be-
cause his uncle, John G. Royer, was president of Mt. Morris College,
he went there to pursue his school work, and graduated in the pre-
paratory department, in 1894. Through attending the University of
Michigan he was given his A.B. in 1898, and A.M. in 1899. From
1899 to 1904 he was a member of the faculty of Mt. Morris College.
He also spent two summers in Columbia University, and in this man-
ner prepared himself for the teaching of English at Juniata College,
where he was a member of the faculty from 1905 to June, 1924. At
the urgent request of the trustees he accepted the treasurership and
business management of Juniata College, and entered upon his dut*es
June 15, 1924.

He was united in marriage with Mabel E., daughter of Daniel R.
and Salome Dooley, members of the Church of the Brethren, at New

490

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Enterprise, (Pa.), the groom's father officiating, August 30, 1910. To
them have been born two children, Mary Ruth living.

While attending Mt. Morris College, he united with the Church of
the Brethren, Tobias T. Myers administering baptism, in the Fall of
1889. The Mt. Morris (111.) congregation called him to the ministry,
in 1903 ; but he was not installed until, at Huntingdon, in 1908.
Through the laying on of hands by John P. Harris and William
Ulrich, he was ordained, July, 1920. He has represented his congre-
gation at District Meeting a number of times ; succeeding his father
as District Treasurer, in July, 1919, and continues in this office. He
has always been an active Sunday-school worker. For fifteen years
he has been in office of the Huntingdon County Sunday-school Asso-
ciation, serving it five years as president ; he is one of the originators
of the Mid-State Sunday-school Training Camp, near Spruce Creek,
and a member of the Board of Directors of the Pennsylvania State
Sabbath School Association. His address is Huntingdon, (Pa.).

MYERS, PeTter S., first of ten children of the family of Samuel and
Elizabeth (nee Shellenberger) Myers, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near McVeytown.
(Pa.), October 23, 1827. In his
childhood, he had meagre privileges
even in common school education,
but later in life, through extensive
reading, he became well informed
and a keen reasoner. He possessed a
good library of religious and scien-
tific books.

He was united in marriage with
the fourth daughter of Mathias
Graeff, on February 13, 1851, and to
them were born six sons and four
daughters.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Spring Run congre-
gation, and spent most of his life within its bounds. This congrega-
tion called him to the ministry, in 1857, and had him ordained some
time later. He dedicated the first place of worship of the Brethren
in Huntingdon, June 20, 1875. In 1877, he was chosen to oversee his
home congregation, and served in that capacity till 1885. He spent
the latter part of his life in California; was among the pioneers in
establishing the Church of the Brethren in the State, particularly the
Covina and First Los Angeles congregation, and had the oversight of
the latter from its founding till near his death. He died November
1, 1908. Interment, Evergreen Cemetery, Los Angeles, (Calif.).

MYERS, Reuben T., the ninth of ten children of Samuel and Eliza-
beth (nee Shellenberger) Myers, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near McVeytown, (Pa.), August 17, 1839. He
made good use of a common school education open to him, but made
his living first at farming and later carpentering.

He was united in marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel and

491

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Susannah (nee Rothrock) Bashoar, members of the Church of the
Brethren, living in Dry Valley. To them were born seven children, —

Ida, Calvin, Annie, Milton, Samuel, Edward,
and Edna. The wife died June 23, 1873.
Later, he was united in marriage with Phianna,
daughter of Samuel and Anna (nee Leiter)
Bashoar, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, on September 24, 1874. To them were
born six children, — Banks A., Adda M., How-
ard E., Mary E., Walter A., and Nora E.

When about seventeen years of age, he
united with the Church of the Brethren, in the
Spring Run congregation, Joseph R. Hana-
walt administering baptism. Here he was
called to the deacon's office, in 1867; to the
ministry, October 20, 1887, and, through the
laying on of hands by George S. Myers and
Walter S. Long, he was ordained, May 30,
1900. He represented his congregation at District Meeting eight
times, and twice at General Conference. He was active in the
Sunday-school when it first began, and served a number of times as
superintendent. The greater part of his service has been given to
the Spring Run congregation, where, in conjunction with John C.
Swigart, he has the oversight of the church. Address, McVey-
town, (Pa.).

MYERS, Samuel, fifth of ten children of Samuel and Elizabeth
(nee Shellenberger) Myers, members of the Church of the Brethren,

was born near McVeytown, (Pa.).
January 5, 1832. Though reared on
the farm, he received education to
the extent of making teaching a large
part of his livelihood. In the latter
part of his life, in Indiana, he was
engaged in farming.

He was united in marriage with
Anna D., daughter of Christian and
Elizabeth (nee Titlow) Reiff, mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren,
on October 26, 1858. To them were
born six children, the following
reaching maturity : Elizabeth J.,
Franklin R., Leanetta H., and How-
ard U.
He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Spring Run con-
gregation, and by it called to the ministry, in 1863. He died June 2,
1906. Irvin Fisher conducted his funeral services. Interment in
cemetery at Mexico, (Ind.).

MYERS, Seth F., ninth of thirteen children of Michael and Cath-
erine (nee Holsopple) Myers, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born near Hope Furnace, Juniata. County, (Pa.), January

492

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

24, 1842. Reared on the farm, he availed himself of the common
schools and three terms at Shirleysburg Academy.

He was united in marriage with Catherine,
daughter of John Spanogle. Through the mis-
fortune of a fire, causing a total loss of his
household effects later in life, all records of
this early union are lost. His wife died with-
out children. He was married again, October
3, 1872, this time to Catherine, daughter of
David Long, of Maryland. Six children were
born to this union ; two daughters and one
son survive.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in his 'teens, while living in the Aughwick
congregation. Here he was called to the min-
istry, May 17, 1874. The Altoona congrega-
tion had him ordained, through the laying on
of hands by Albert G. Crosswhite and James

A. Sell, July 18, 1914. He moved to Altoona, March 1, 1893, and
while here assisted in building up the church in Bellwood. After
two years residence in Martinsburg, he moved to New Jersey and,
under the direction of the District Mission Board of South Western
Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York, he served the Sand
Brook and Fairview congregations, for about three years. Then he
became pastor at Upper Dublin for three years. He spent his
closing days in Altoona. June 28, 1923, he died; funeral services
conducted by James A. Sell ; interment in Germany Valley, Augh-
wick congregation.

MYERS, Timothy Tobtas, seventh of nine children of Tobias and
Eliza (nee Berkley) Myers, members of the Church of the Brethren,
and he a bishop, was born near Som-
erset, (Pa.), March 29, 1865. When
eleven years old, his parents moved
to Lanark, (111.), where he was
reared on the farm. He attended
two terms of school at Mt. Morris
College, (111.), 1883-84; taught public
school, 1884-86; entered Mt. Morris
College again in the Fall of 1887, and
graduated from the Academic depart-
ment with the class of 1890. While
engaged in pastoral work, he contin-
ued his studies and received the fol-
lowing degrees : National School of
Elocution and Oratory, Philadelphia,
B. Expression, 1893 ; Neff College of
Oratory, Philadelphia, B. of Interpretation, 1894; Temple College,
Philadelphia, 1894, A.B. ; Crozer Theological Seminary, 1902, B.D. ;
Juniata College, 1905, D.D. ; University of Pennsylvania, 1919, A.M.
Since 1907, he is professor of New Testament Literature and Exe-
gesis, Juniata College School of Theology.

493

A History of the Church of the Brethren

He was united in marriage with Salome A., daughter of David
and Ann (nee Dierdorf) Stoner, members of the Church of the
Brethren living at Ladoga, (Ind.), the union being solemnized by
Daniel L. Miller, September 28, 1893. The wife died March 11,
1894. On June 23, 1897, he married Florence, daughter of David H.
and Isabelle (nee Rush) Harshbarger, members of the Church of the
Brethren, in the Spring Run congregation, Henry B. Brumbaugh
officiating. To them was born one son, Leon Geiger. His wife is a
graduate of Juniata College, Normal English course, B.E., 1896;
was "mother" of the girls of the college, 1894-97; was a student of
the Cedar Falls, (la.), Normal School, and taught public school in
Mifflin County, (Pa.). She united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Spring Run congregation, baptism being administered by
Abram Myers, May 14, 1886. She has taught the Soul Winners
Bible Class (Women) of the Huntingdon Sunday-school since 1909;
was first president of the Huntingdon City Missionary Union (1914),
and continues as active member ; has been president of the Women's
Christian Temperance Union of Huntingdon County since 1915.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, while attending school
at Mt. Morris, (111.), baptism being administered by Solomon Z.
Sharp, March 16, 1884. The Milledgeville, (111.), congregation called
him to the ministry, January 1, 1886; the First Church of the Breth-
ren, of Philadelphia, had him ordained, through the laying on of
hands by Frank P. Cassel and Abram L. Grater, on October 1, 1906.
He has represented his congregation at District and General Con-
ference a number of times ; served on the Standing Committee at
York, (Pa.), 1912; Hershey, (Pa.), 1918 and 1921; Calgary, (Can.),
1923. He has been a member of the Tract Examining Committee
since 1916. As pastor, he served the First Church, of Philadelphia,
1891-1907, save one year, 1901-02, at Germantown, (Pa.). He was
bishop of the Huntingdon congregation, 1919-24; also at intervals
of Roaring Spring, Fairview and Williamsburg congregations. He
traveled through Europe and Bible Lands in 1895; wrote the Sunday-
school lessons for the Brethren's Quarterly, 1906-20. He is author of
Lectures on Eschatology, Glimpses of Jesus, or Letters of Christian
H. Balsbaugh, and Life of Christ. He is a member of the Confer-
ence Committee preparing the hymnal published in 1925. His address
is Huntingdon, (Pa.).

NEARHOOF, Henry,, according to the Christian Family Compan-
ion, page 669, 1869, he was the first minister in the Warriors Mark
congregation.

NORRIS, Samuel A., fourth of thirteen children of Thomas and
Nancy (nee Snyder) Norris, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born on the old Norris homestead, near Fink's Bridge, in
Penn Township, Huntingdon County, (Pa.), June 16, 1849. He
attended common school till he was sixteen years old, thereafter
working on his father's farm.

He was united in marriage with Hannah Jane, daughter of Michael
and Hannah (nee Miller) Dell, the union being solemnized by James
Clark, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, on January 5,

494

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

1871. To them were born five children, — Emma B., Minnie M.,
Mertie J., Nancy E., and Samuel R., all members of the Church of
the Brethren, but the youngest.

He and his wife united with the
Church of the Brethren, in the James
Creek congregation, about 1879,
George B. Brumbaugh administering
baptism. April 1, 1884, they moved
within the bounds of the Aughwick
congregation, where he was called to
the deacon's office, in 1900; to the
ministry, October 17, 1902; advanced,
October 22, 1904; and, through the
laying on of hands by Tobias T.
Myers and Samuel J. Swigart, he
was ordained, October 22, 1904. He
often represented his congregation at
District Meeting; held a number of
revival meetings in his home congregation ; and was a leader in
Sunday-school work where he lived. His wife died October 17,
1923, and is buried in the cemetery at Bowman's Chapel, in Smith
Valley. His address is R. 1, Shirleysburg, (Pa.).

PEPPLE, Dorssy I., seventh of nine children of Joseph and Sarah
(nee Shoaf) Pepple, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born in Snake Spring Valley Town-
ship, Bedford County, (Pa.), Feb-
ruary 3, 1885. He availed himself
of common schools, local normal
schools, and taught public school for
six years. Besides, he engaged in
farming until within the last six
years he has been a cashier, first, in
the Bedford County Bank, at Alum
Bank, (Pa.), and now of the Farm-
ers' State Bank, Woodbury, (Pa.).

He was united in marriage with
Mary S., daughter of William S. and
Sarah (nee Snowberger) Ritchey,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, and he a bishop, the union being

solemnized by D. M. VanHorn, April 11, 1908. To them were born
four children, — Emmert, Sara, Marjorie, and Henry.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Snake Spring
Valley congregation, baptism being administered by Solomon Hersh-
berger, December 3, 1904. This congregation called him to the min-
istry, March 24, 1917. The Dunnings Creek congregation had him
ordained, through the laying on of hands by James A. Sell and John
B. Miller, June 20, 1920. He has represented his congregation once
at District Meeting and twice at General Conference. He served
Snake Spring Valley Sunday-school, as superintendent, four years.
He has the oversight of the Lower Claar congregation since Janu-

495

A History of the Church of the Brethren

ary 1, 1920; of the Dunnings Creek congregation since January 1,
1923; and Woodbury congregation since April 1, 1924. He has held
three protracted meetings, two in the Martinsburg congregation and
one in the Yellow Creek congregation, during which thirty-one souls
confessed Christ. His address is Woodbury, (Pa.).

QUINTER, James, second child and only son of three children of
John and Mary (nee Smith) Quinter, was born in Philadelphia, Feb-
ruary 1, 1816. When thirteen years
old, his father died. The family was
poor. The duty of helping to care
for his mother fell upon this only
son. The}' had moved to Phoenix-
ville, in 1824, but here educational
privileges for poor people wrere mea-
gre. Yet his thirst for an education
urged him on. After some time
spent in Boarding School, at West
Bradford, (Pa.), he taught public
school in Hobson's school house ;
then at Lumberville, Montgomery
County, (Pa.), 1834-42, and in Fay-
ette County (W. Pa.) till 1856.
After locating at Poland, (O.), he
was principal of New Vienna, (O.), Academy, 1861-64; and later
President of Juniata College, 1879-88.

He was united in marriage, September 17, 1850, with Mary Ann,
daughter of Daniel Moser, member of the Church of the Brethren.
To them was born Lydia Isabelle, later the wife of Jacob T. Myers,
of the Green Tree Church. The mother died October 9, 1857. Then
he married Fannie, daughter of John and Nancy (nee Rudy) Stude-
baker, members of the Church of the Brethren, and he a bishop. To
this union were born Mary N. (now deceased), a missionary to
India, and Grace, the wife of Frank F. Holsopple, pastor of the
Hagerstown, (Md.), Church.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Coventry con-
gregation, in 1833. This congregation called him to the ministry, in
1838. In 1855, at the Aughwick (M. Pa.) Annual Meeting, he served
as Assistant Writing Clerk. Between 1859, where he served first as
Writing Clerk, and 1887, he served on the Standing Committee
twenty-hve times. He was Writing Clerk in 1859, 1860, 1862, 1863,
1865, 1867, 1868; between 1869 and 1874 there is no record of officers,
but one may assume he served as Writing Clerk during this period,
for he served continuously from 1875 to 1885, inclusive.

In 1856, he removed to Poland, (O.), where Henry Kurtz had, in
1851, published the Gospel }risitor, the first periodical literature in
the Church of the Brethren, and for which James Quinter, under the
pseudonym of " Clement," was one of the first and ablest contribu-
tors. Upon his arrival at Poland, he was appointed assistant editor.
The publication office was moved to Columbiana, in 1857; to Coving-
ton, in 1866; and then to Dayton, (all in Ohio), in 1869, and some
time during this shifting he became editor. In 1873, he purchased

496

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the Visitor, and also Henry R. Holsinger's Christian Family Com-
panion, published at Meyersdale, (Pa.). The two periodicals were
merged into The Christian Family Companion and Gospel Visitor,
office of publication, Meyersdale, (Pa.), to which place Brother
Quinter now moved. He changed the name of his publication, Janu-
ary, 1876, to The Primitive Christian. The following October, it was
united with The Pilgrim, the Quinter family moved to Huntingdon,
(Pa.), and he continued as editor and became the senior member of
the firm, Quinter and Brumbaugh Brothers. Further consolidations
of the Brethren at Work and Primitive Christian produced the Gospel
Messenger, and though published at Mt. Morris, (111.), he was re-
tained as senior editor, which position he held until the close of life.

When the Brethren's Normal opened, in 1878, at Huntingdon,
(Pa.), he gave the project his hearty support. Upon the death of
Jacob Zuck, in May, 1879, Brother Quinter was elected president,
which position he filled until his death.

Besides his steady flow of editorials of an unusually high type, he
was the compiler of the Brethren's Hymn Book, in 1867, and the
author of Triune Immersion, in 1886.*

He was president of the "Church Extension Union," organized
some time in 1878, in Western Pennsylvania District. In 1880, when
the Domestic and Foreign Mission Board was organized, he was
made treasurer, and served in that capacity until it was succeeded by
the present organization, in 1884.

He lived in the period of the church when debate between repre-
sentatives of different denominations was common. One may form
a fair estimate of the kind of teaching and writing he did by the
debates he was pressed to hold :

About 1856, with Reverend Knepper, minister of the Reformed
Church; subject, — Christian Baptism; Somerset County, (Pa.).

September, 1866, with Elder Wilkes, minister of the Disciple
Church; subjects, — Immersion, Feet Washing and Salutation; Ma-
coupin County, (111.).

August 7 and 8, 1867, with Reverend Hugh Wells, of the Lutheran
Church; subject, Baptism; Elkhart County, (Ind.).

August 21-22, 1867, with Reverend P. S. Snyder, of the Lutheran
Church; subject, — Immersion; Carroll County, (Ind.).

October, 1867, with Reverend McConnell, of the Disciple Church;
subjects, — Immersions, Lord's Supper, Feet Washing; Linn
County, (la.).

June, 1868, with Reverend I. C. Mitchell, of the Disciple Church;
subjects, — Immersions, Feet Washing; Cumberland County, (Pa.).

September, 1869, with Elder McKinney, of the Disciple Church;
subject, — Free Masonry; Miami County, (O.).

Saturday, May 19, 1888, at the Conference held at North Man-
chester, (Ind.), he listened to Daniel Vaniman preach at 3 P. M. At

* His loyalty to the church of his choice is illustrated by many incidents. The
following was related to the editor by his father, John G. Royer : While living at
Covington, Ohio, an educated minister of another denomination heard Brother
Quinter preach. At the close of the service he said : " You have too much talent
to waste it on those slow Dunkards " ; to which Brother Quinter replied, " You say
they are slow ; then I shall remain with them to help them."

497

A History of the Church of the Brethren

the close, Brother Quinter announced a hymn and called the audience
to prayer. And there, amidst his brethren and sisters, all on their
knees oefore God, after uttering a few sentences from his overflowing
heart, his lips were stilled by an Unseen Hand, — he had left the
multitude and gone to the Father. Henry B. Brumbaugh and Wil-
liam J. Swigart conducted the funeral services in the College Chapel.
Interment in the River View Cemetery, Huntingdon, (Pa.).

RANCK, Benjamin F., third of twelve children of Philip and Lu-
anda (nee Bucher) Ranck, members of the Church of the Brethren,

was born near Warfordsburg, Fulton
County, (Pa.), May 19, 1863. After
passing public schools and sixteen
weeks in a normal, he was licensed
to teach. This he did for four years.
After moving to Altoona, he entered
Juniata College and graduated from
the Normal English course in 1897.
He taught school three years more
and then began work in the Altoona
car shops, where, at present, he
works.

He was united in marriage with
Nettie A., daughter of Seth F. and
Catherine (nee Long) Myers, mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren,
the union being solemnized by Walter S. Long, December 12, 1899.
He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Licking Creek
congregation, Fulton County, (Pa.), Jacob Weller, of Maryland,
administering baptism, on October 31, 1885. The Pleasant Ridge
congregation (Pa.) called him to the ministry, November 3, 1898;
the Altoona congregation had him ordained, through the laying on
of hands by James A. Sell and Albert G. Crosswhite, July 18, 1914.
He has represented his congregation frequently at District Meeting;

has served as superintendent of the
Sunday-school, and for years as
teacher. His address is Altoona,
(Pa.).

RASCHER, Harry Herman, third
of seven children of Edward E. and
Rosina Caroline (nee Rhoerer)
Rascher, members of the German
Lutheran Church, was born in Phila-
delphia, (Pa.), January 23, 1861. He
had the benefit of a limited education,
and has made his living as assistant
shipping clerk for the Roaring
Springs Blank Book Company for
twenty-two years.
He was united in marriage with Mary Jane, daughter of David H.
and Margaret (nee Burget) Brumbaugh, the union being solemn-

498

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ized by John B. Replogle, June 10, 1894. To this union was born
one child.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Clover Creek
congregation, Thomas B. Maddocks administering baptism, on Janu-
ary 21, 1895. The Albright congregation called him to the deacon's
office, August 4, 1906; to the ministry, September 9, 1911; and,
through the laying on of hands by Walter S. Long and John B.
Miller, had him ordained, March 22, 1921. He served as superin-
tendent of the Albright Sunday-school, five years; taught the Older
Sisters' Bible Class, eleven years; has assisted and anointed twenty-
one different Christians. His address is Roaring Spring, (Pa.).

REPLOGLE, George: Brown, last of eight children of George W.
and Sarah (nee Brown) Replogle, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born in Woodbury Township, Bedford County, (Pa.),
January 1, 1894. Besides common school training, he graduated from
the Arts course of Juniata College, in 1915.

He was united in marriage with Ruth Williams, daughter of Isaac
C. and Elizabeth (nee Harley) Williams, the union being solemnized
by Edgar Diehm, December 25, 1918. To them were born two
children.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in Woodbury congre-
gation, about 1905. While attending college, he was called to the
ministry, November 11, 1912. Inasmuch as he has chosen teaching
for his profession, he has not been active in his ministry.

REPLOGLE, Harvey S., eighth of nine children of Isaac B. and
Elizabeth (nee Snowberger) Replogle, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a deacon, was born
near Waterside, Bedford County,
(Pa.), September 27, 1871. Passing
through the common schools and at-
tending several summer normals, he
was teaching public school when
eighteen years old. He graduated
from the Normal English course at
Juniata, in 1896. He was principal of
one of the ward schools of Johns-
town, from 1901 to 1908.

He was united in marriage with
Josephine, daughter of Alvin C. and
Mary (nee Horklerode) Arnold, the
union being solemnized by William J.
Swigart, August 24, 1904. The bride

received a common school education and graduated in the Normal
English course at Juniata, in 1902. She united with the Church of
the Brethren, in the Morrellville congregation, (W. Pa.), baptism
being administered by her husband, November 11, 1904. She has
served as cradle roll superintendent, teacher in the primary depart-
ment and superintendent in the Sunday-school, and secretary of the
aid societies of the District. To Brother and Sister Replogle were

499

A History of the Church of the Brethren

born three children, — Vernon Arnold, Mary Elizabeth, and Edith

Barbara.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the New Enterprise
congregation, baptism being administered by Joseph Z. Replogle,
March 14, 1886. The New Enterprise congregation called him to the
ministry, August 22, 1896; the Plum Creek congregation, (W. Pa.),
through the laying on of hands by John F. Dietz and Silas Hoover,
had him ordained, October 9, 1910. He preached thirty-six sermons
the first year of his ministry; 296 sermons is the most in any one
year. He has represented his congregation at District Meeting
twenty times; at General Conference, fifteen times; served on the
Standing Committee at York, (Pa.), 1912; at Wichita, (Kan.), 1917;
at Calgary, (Can.), 1923. He was writing clerk of his District Meet-
ing, 1907, 1910 to 1919, and 1921; president of the Sunday-school
Association of Western Pennsylvania, 1911 to 1918; of the Bible
Institute Committee, 1912 to 1919; graduated ten teacher training
classes; county officer, 1911 to 1914; secretary and treasurer of Dis-
trict Mission Board of Western Pennsylvania; secretary of General
Temperance Committee of the Brotherhood. Since 1898, he has not
let one year slip by without holding two or more revival meetings,
and 1,942 have confessed Christ under his preaching. As pastor, he
served Morrellville, 1905 to 1907; Plum Creek and Glade Run con-
gregations, 1908 to 1913; Scalp Level, 1913 to 1922, all in Western
Pennsylvania; Green Tree, (S. E. Pa., N. J. and N. Y.), since 1922.
His address is Oaks, (Pa.).

REPLOGLE, John B., second of thirteen children of Daniel and
Nancy (nee Brumbaugh) Replogle, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near New Enterprise, (Pa.), May 6, 1821. He
was reared on the farm, had very limited common school training,
and made his living by farming.

He was united in marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac and
Susan (nee Bechtel) Brumbaugh, about 1846. To them were born
live sons and two daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Yellow Creek
(New Enterprise) congregation. Here he was called to the ministry,
August 27, 1879; then, in the Woodbury congregation, he was or-
dained, in February, 1887. He attended District and Annual Meeting
frequently and was favorable to Sunday-schools in the days when
they were not common. He died May 24, 1900.

REPLOGLE, Joseph Z., fifth of ten children of George B. and
Mary (nee Zook) Replogle, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born near New Enterprise, (Pa.), May 31, 1849. Reared on the
farm, he was permitted to attend common schools regularly, pressed
on with his education, attending local normals, Shippensburg State
Normal one term, and then taught for several terms. He made his
living on the farm in Bedford County, his home.

He was united in marriage with Emma A., daughter of Jacob and
Eleanor (nee Arnold) Miller, of Buffalo Mills, (Pa.), members of
the Church of the Brethren and the founder of the first school in
the District. The union was solemnized by James Quinter, Decem-

500

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ber 18, 1878, in the chapel of the Brethren's Normal, at Huntingdon,
(Pa.). She had united with the Church of the Brethren in the
Spring of 1872, had attended Thomas
A. Harris' school, at Bedford, a num-
ber of terms, and Brethren's Normal,
several terms. She worked some in
the Brumbaugh printing office while
it was at James Creek and after it
moved to Huntingdon. She began
teaching school when seventeen ; con-
tinued eleven years ; is the author of
a book entitled Indian Bve, a gene-
alogy of the Ernest family descended
from " Indian Eve," so-called because
she was once captured by the Indians.
She was also a frequent contributor
to the church papers. To Brother
and Sister Replogle were born five
children, — Olive E., wife of Alpheus W. Dupler, dean of Juniata
College; Gaius E., Sarah Belle (deceased), James Q., and Arnold M.
He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the New Enterprise
congregation, baptism being administered by Samuel A. Moore, in
1872. This congregation called him to the ministry, in 1873, and had
him ordained, in 1881. Shortly after his ordination, he was given the
oversight of the New Enterprise congregation, and continued in that
capacity, passing through the difficult Progressive Movement and
serving until 1893. He attended District Meetings regularly, and
often represented his congregation at General Conferences. He died
December 10, 1893. His funeral was conducted by John B. Fluck.
Interment in the Replogle Cemetery, at Waterside, (Pa.).

REPLOGLE, Rinehart Zook, second of ten children of David Long
and Susanna (nee Snider) Replogle, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Enterprise, (Pa.). He had a common
school education, and made his living farming.

He was united in marriage with Mary Ann, daughter of Jacob B.
and Elizabeth (nee Burger) Furry, and to them twelve children
were born.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the New Enterprise
congregation, Daniel Snowberger administering baptism. This con-
gregation called him to the ministry, May 28, 1885. A little later he
united with the Brethren (Progressive) Church. He died Novem-
ber 11, 1920. !| . ,,; ||

REPLOGLE, Sara G., fourth of six children of Andrew and Bar-
bara (nee Guyer) Replogle, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born near New Enterprise, (Pa.), April 12, 1886. Her childhood
was spent in a farm home, where, during the winter, she attended
district school. After attending two summer normals, she was li-
censed to teach when but seventeen years old. She taught ten terms
in the rural schools and, during 1906-08, attended two spring terms

501

A History of the Church of the Brethren

at Juniata College. In 1912 she entered Elizabethtown College,

and completed the English Bible course, in 1914.

During a series of meetings held by-
Joseph J. Shaffer, in 1900, she united
with the Church of the Brethren, in the
New Enterprise congregation, baptism
being administered by David T. Detwiler.
It was while attending Bethany Bible
School (Chicago), during 1915-18, that
she fully decided to give her life to for-
eign missions. During these years she
taught a class of girls in the Douglas
Park Mission, one year in a Jewish Mis-
sion, and one year in a Chinese Mission.
She was approved by the Conference of
1919, (Winona Lake, Ind.), and entered
her chosen field, India, in the Fall, fol-
lowing her appointment.*

RICHARD, Jacob H., first of four sons of Samuel and Mary (nee
Howe) Richard, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born

near Maitland, Mifflin County, (Pa.),
May 9, 1857. He was reared on the
farm, and has made his living mostly
by farming. His education consists
of common schools and a number of
Bible terms.

He was united in marriage with
Mary M., daughter of Daniel and
Susan (nee Ritter) Baker, the union

being solemnized by S G. Sho-

non, a minister of the Lutheran
Church. The bride was a member of
the Presbyterian Church, but later
united with the Church of the Breth-
ren, and died in that fold. To this
union were born five sons and two
daughters, all living. The wife died March 29, 1900. On February
18, 1904, he married Minnie V., daughter of John and Mary A. (nee
Driblebis) Showers, this union being solemnized by Abraham L. B.
Martin. To this union were born four sons and one daughter.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in what is now called
the Dry Valley congregation, baptism being administered by William
Howe, November 23, 1871. This congregation called him to the
deacon's office, in May, 1887; to the ministry, May 25, 1891; and,
through the laying on of hands by John G. Royer and another, had
him ordained, in 1910. He has represented his congregation five
times at District Meeting, and four times at General Conference. He
has held some twenty revivals ; served as superintendent and teacher
in the Sunday-school. His address is Maitland, (Pa.).

* From David T. Detwiler's sketch in the Missionary Visitor,

502

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

RITCHEY, Abram, was called to the ministry in the Snake Spring
congregation. Later he moved into the section now known as
Artemas congregation, and helped to build up the work there. He
finally located in Illinois.

RITCHEY, Isaac, Senior, the first minister in the Snake Spring
Valley congregation. His father was Francis Ritchey, a member of
the Reformed Church.

RITCHEY, Samuel, was born in Snake Spring Valley. Here he
united with the Church of the Brethren; called to the ministry, June
28, 1879; ordained in 1919, and died August, 1921.

RITCHEY, William Snyder, fifth of six children of Adam and
Catherine (nee Snyder) Ritchey, was born near Everett, in the Snake
Spring Valley, August 12, 1845. His
father united with the Methodist
Episcopal Church in his youth, but,
after his marriage, united with the
Church of the Brethren and served
later as deacon. The mother was
raised in the Church of the Brethren
faith. When William was eight years
old, his father, one brother and one
sister died within a year. Thence-
forth the responsibility of helping to
care for his mother and the family
kept him from obtaining even a com-
mon school education. However, the
mother tried to compensate in part
by reading the Bible to her son in the

German, and he, in turn, would read it to her in the English. He
made his living farming.

He was united in marriage with Sarah, daughter of Andrew and
Rosa (nee Snyder) Snowberger, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop, the union being solemnized by Isaac
Ritchey, Junior, March 5, 1865. To them were born eleven children :
Susie S., married Daniel M. VanHorn, both deceased ; Katherine S.,
married to Robert Foor ; Rosie S., married to Theodore Steele (she
deceased) ; Adam S. (died when ten years old) ; Elizabeth S., mar-
ried to William A. Bollman ; Isaac S., a banker in Jasonville, (Ind.) ;
Hannah S., married to Henry H. Funk; Fanny S., married to
Mahlon J. Weaver (she deceased) ; Albert S., banker in Bedford,
(Pa.); Mary S., married to Dorsey I. Pepple; Ada S., married to
Roy Miller. The children are all members of the Church of the
Brethren.

He and his wife united with the Church of the Brethren, in the
Snake Spring Valley congregation, by baptism administered by
Henry Clapper, June 15, 1870. Here he was called to the ministry,
February 27, 1873, and ordained, through the laying on of hands by
George W. Brumbaugh and Jacob Miller, December 15, 1897. Upon
the death of Jacob Koontz, in 1903, he had the oversight of the

503

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Snake Spring Valley congregation, until 1920. He represented his
congregation at District Meeting many times, and was seldom absent
at that annual gathering. He attended many General Conferences,
usually at his own expense, even when sent as delegate. He was a
careful reader of books of doctrine of the church and had committed
a large portion of the New Testament to memory. In his time, he
held over fifty revivals, during which many accepted Christ, traveled
over many of the States. He was one of the three members of the
historical committee that made this book possible, and his knowledge
of early conditions in the " Early Yellow Creek congregation ' has
proved very valuable in preparing this history. He is spending his
declining years with his children. His address is Everett, (Pa.).

ROBERTS, LEVI, a bishop in the Early Yellow Creek congregation,
contemporary with Martin Miller.

ROGERS, George W., third of four children of Levi and Catherine
(nee Walter) Rogers, members of the Church of the Brethren, was

born near Alum Bank, Bedford County, (Pa.),
July 5, 1891. His father was a bishop of the
Dunnings Creek congregation for a number of
years. He was reared on the farm, availed
himself public school training, taught in the
public schools of Bedford County two years;
attended Juniata College part of one year ;
worked for the Pennsylvania Railroad Com-
pany in the accounting department in Altoona,
seven years.

He was united in marriage with Elma Grace,
daughter of Josiah B. and Lucinda (nee Dil-
ling) Brumbaugh, on June 3, 1916, the bride's
father officiating. To them were born three
children.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the Dunnings Creek congregation, through baptism administered
by Harvey S. Replogle, August, 1906. This congregation called him
to the ministry, January 27, 1918, and the Leamersville congregation
had him ordained, by the laying on of hands by Joseph J. Shaffer
and Levi Benner, July 17, 1921. He served the Leamersville congre-
gation, as its first supported pastor, four years. He has represented
his congregation at District Meeting three times; at General Confer-
ence, once. He has held nine revival meetings, three of which were
in his home congregation, and two in the Leamersville congregation,
while he was pastor. From his youth, he has been a Sunday-school
worker and teacher. March 1, 1924, he returned to his farm in the
Dunnings Creek congregation, where he is specializing in horticul-
tural work, and assisting in the ministry. His address is Alum
Bank, (Pa.).

ROGERS, Gideon, fifth in a family of eleven children of Ellis and
Julia (nee Bowzer) Rogers, members of the Baptist Church, was
born in Bedford County, (Pa.), September 16, 1826. The parents

504

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

sr#w

came from York County, (Pa.), and in her later years the mother
united with the Church of the Brethren. A subscription school,
about two miles distant, was the main part of
his educational opportunities, but he persisted
and became qualified to teach for several years.
He made his living farming.

He was united in marriage with Ann
Snyder, the union being solemnized by Levi
Roberts, October 25, 1849. To them were
born Barbara, who first married Robert Calla-
han, and Levi, bishop of Dunnings Creek
congregation.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Dunnings Creek congregation, Levi
Roberts baptizing him, 1847. This congrega-
tion called him to the ministry, January 2,
1864. Though it had him ordained, no records
are available of date. The doctrines of the

resurrection and the second coming of the Lord were his favorite
themes. Afflicted by the dread disease, consumption, he died June
30, 1887, and interment in the Dunnings Creek Cemetery.*

ROGERS, Levi, last of two children of Gideon and Mary Ann (nee
Snyder) Rogers, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born
near Alum Bank, Bedford County, (Pa.), Sep-
tember 7, 1854. His father was a bishop and
imparted the spirit of service in his son. Few
educational advantages were available, but the
son was a strong advocate of education
through his mature years.

He was united in marriage with Jane Smith,
the union being solemnized by John S. Hol-
singer, September 9, 1875. To this union five
children were born, but one son, Sewell, sur-
viving. He again was united in marriage, this
time with Catharine, daughter of Michael
Walter, John S. Holsinger again officiating.
To this union four children were born : Eliza-
beth (deceased), Walter (deceased), George
W., and John I.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Dunnings Creek
congregation, in 1875, Brice Sell administering baptism. This con-
gregation called him to the ministry, June 13, 1885; and had him
ordained, on October 15, 1901. From October 27, 1912, the date of
the death of John B. Miller, he had the oversight of the Dunnings
Creek congregation till his death. He attended many District Meet-
ings, and at least four General Conferences. He served on the
Standing Committee at Winona Lake, (Ind.), 1913. He was ap-
pointed on many committees in district work; was one of the prime
movers that brought about the Old Folks' Home of Western District

* Gleaned in part from Blough's History of Western Penmylvanian Churches.

505

A History of the Church of the Brethren

of Pennsylvania. He was a leader of Sunday-school work in his
own congregation, in the District, and in the county organization.

He had been operated on for some stomach trouble, at the Nason
Hospital, Roaring Spring, and, as a result, died July 14, 1915. He
had arranged for his funeral just before going on the operating table.
Albert G. Crosswhite, assisted by Charles B. Smith and home min-
isters, conducted the funeral. Texa, 2 Timothy 1 : 12. Interment in
the Dunnings Creek Cemetery.*

ROGERS, Moses, oldest of eleven children — seven boys and four
girls — of Ellis and Julia (nee Rowzer) Rogers, was born near Alum
Bank, Bedford County, (Pa.), November 7, 1816. He had little op-
portunity for education. He learned the shoemaker's trade from his
father, and, when eighteen, the carpenter and cabinetmaker's trade,
and, when about thirty, the blacksmithing trade. October 9, 1863,
the family started for Iowa, and located in Linn County. There he
made his living on the farm.

He was united in marriage with Mary, daughter of Aaron and
Hannah (nee Miller) Garretson, of Quaker faith, living in Dunnings
Creek, the union being solemnized on April 26, 1842. To them were
born three children, the only surviving one being George W., living
at Robins, Linn County, (la.).

After their marriage, both he and his wife united with the Church
of the Brethren, in the Dunnings Creek congregation. Here he was
called to the ministry, and labored until he went west He died near
Robins, (la.), February 21, 1865. John O. Watters, Thomas G.
Snyder and John Murray conducted his funeral services.

ROSE, Calvin J., fifth of seven children of David J. and Catherine
(nee Young) Rose, members of the Church of the Brethren, was

born at Rummel, Somerset County, (Pa.),
October 1, 1890. After completing the Paint
Township grade schools of his home county,
he graduated from Elizabethtown Academy, in
1913; continued in college there till 1916; then
he spent his senior year at Juniata College,
and received his A.B. in 1917.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Rummel congregation, Joseph J. Shaffer
administering baptism, July 15, 1907. While
attending college at Juniata, the Huntingdon
congregation called him to the ministry on
April 4, 1917. He served as pastor in the Claar
congregation, July 1, 1917, to May 1, 1918, on
partial support, and taught school at the same
time. May 1, 1918, he took up a pastorate in
the Middle Creek congregation (W. Pa.) on full support, and con-
tinued till his death. During this latter short pastorate, he received
five into membership, and established a mission in Rockwood which
has now become a congregation. He was very active in Sunday-

* Gleaned in part from Blough's History of Western Pennsylvania.

506

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

school, not only as teacher, but instructor in training classes. Due
to pneumonia, he passed to his reward, December 4, 1918. Funeral
services December 29, conducted by Benjamin W. Waltz and Herman
B. Heisey. Texts, John 14:1-3; 2 Tim. 1:8-12. Interment in
Berkey Cemetery, near Windber, (Pa.).

ROTHROCK, John, called to the ministry in the Dry Valley con-
gregation, in 1835. Later he moved to White County, (Ind.), where
he died February 12, 1860, aged eighty years and six months.

ROWLAND, John Elmer, third of eight children of John and
Susan (nee Miller) Rowland, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born near Greencastle,
(Pa.), February 16, 1882. His father
has been a bishop of the church for
many years. The son grew up on
the farm. Many would say his edu-
cational advantages were limited, yet
he is forging ahead with commend-
able progress.

He was united in marriage with
Ella M., daughter of David and
Mary (nee Myers) Hawbaker, the
union being solemnized by his father,
January 17, 1907. To them were
born two daughters, Thelma and
Ruth.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Long Meadow congregation, (Md.), through bap-
tism administered by his father, Sunday, December 22, 1896. The
Welsh Run (Pa.) congregation called him to the ministry, March 16,
1907. He was advanced to the second degree of the ministry, July
26, 1913. He has represented his congregation at District Meeting
eight times and to General Conference, six times. He has been an
inspiration to the Sunday-school wherever he labors, serving as
teacher and sometimes as superintendent. Each year for the last
ten years he held from two to six evangelistic meetings. During
years 1922-23 he was president of the Temperance and Purity Com-
mittee of Southern District, where he has spent most of his time
until the Spring of 1924. He served as pastor of the Lost Creek
congregation from April 1, 1916, to April 1, 1924, when he entered
upon pastoral labors of the Woodbury congregation. His home is
in Woodbury, (Pa.).

ROYER, Galen Brown, only son and oldest of eight children of
John G. and Elizabeth (nee Reiff) Rover, members of the Church of
the Brethren, and he a bishop and educator, was born near Lewis-
burg, (Pa.), September 8, 1862. His education was in the public
schools under his father until he secured a certificate to teach.
After teaching two winters, he entreed Juniata College, and com-
pleted the Normal English course, in 1883. He then entered Mt.
Morris College, (111.), teaching music, and continued his studies one

507

A History of the Church of the Brethren

year. For several years he joined his father in the management of
the college. He received diplomas as follows : Commercial, Mt.

Morris College, 1887; Northern In-
diana Institute, Valparaiso, (Ind.),
1887. He was principal of the Com-
mercial Department of Mt. Morris
College two years. In 1889 he was
made assistant to Daniel L. Miller,
secretary-treasurer of the General
Mission Board. In 1890, he was
elected secretary, and a couple years
later withdrew from the college to
attend to the duties of the Mission
Board. He was general agent for
Wanderings in Bible Lands, written
by Daniel L. Miller, 1894-95. In ad-
dition to his regular duties as secre-
tary of the General Mission Board,
for three years he acted as head bookkeeper of the Brethren Publish-
ing House, when, in 1897, it came under the control of the Board.
In 1906, as architect and superintendent, he put up the north half of
the present Publishing House, at Elgin, (111.). May 26, 1900, he
was elected treasurer of the General Mission Board, in addition to
the secretaryship, which position he held till August 1, 1918. Since,
he has been connected with Juniata College, and received his A.B.,
1922; his B.D., 1924. Mt. Morris College, (111.), honored him with
D.D., in 1918.

He was united in marriage with Anna M., daughter of Abraham
and Catherine (nee Long) Miller, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a deacon, living in the Broadfording congregation,
of Maryland, the union being solemnized March 5, 1885, by Solomon
Z. Sharp, in the home of the bride's brother, Daniel L. Miller, of Mt.
Morris, (111.). She confessed Christ in uniting with the Church of
the Brethren, in the Pine Creek congregation, (N. 111.), baptism be-
ing administered by Daniel B. Gibson, September 25, 1877. Besides
public school in Polo, (111.), she was a student at Mt. Morris Col-
lege, (111.), two years; and later, one year in Bible study under
Emanuel S. Young. She served as secretary of the Aid Societies of
Middle Pennsylvania for two years; then, in April, 1923, effected an
organization and was elected its first president, which position she
still holds. She was president of the Mothers' Club of West Hunt-
ingdon, 1922-24. To them were born six children, — Elizabeth, wife
of Clyde E. Bates; Daniel L., Kathren, wife of Quincy A. Holsopple,
both missionaries in India; Neta Ruth (deceased), wife of H. Stover
Kulp, of Africa; Anna Josephine, wife of Frank A. Thomas; and
John G.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Burnetts Creek
congregation, (M. Ind.), baptism being administered near the Pike
Creek Church, by John Snowberger, February 22, 1874. The Silver
Creek congregation, in the college chapel at Mt. Morris, (111.), called
him to the ministry, March 9, 1889; advanced him to the second
degree, March 8, 1890; and the Elgin congregation, (111.), through

508

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the laying on of hands by Emanuel B. Hoff and Callo Fahrney, had
him ordained, July 9, 1907. He had the oversight of the Elgin con-
gregation, (111.), January 1, 1908, to May 1, 1913; of the James
Creek congregation, (M. Pa.), since 1922; of the Fairview congre-
gation, (M. Pa.), February 24, 1923, to January 1, 1915. He served
on the Standing Committee and was Reading Clerk at Winona Lake,
(Ind.), 1910; as a member at Sedalia, (Mo.), 1920. He was a mem-
ber of the committee that framed the "Dress Report of 1911." With
Charles D. Bonsack, he visited the churches in Europe, in 1907, a
nine weeks' trip; with his wife, revisited these churches in 1910, a five
months' trip ; with Henry C. Early, visited the mission fields of
China and India. On this trip, he alone visited the churches in Den-
mark and Sweden, traveled through Russia and northern Persia, and
across Siberia and Manchuria, meeting Brother Early at Tien-tsin,
China.

He edited the Missionary Visitor from its beginning, January,
1896, till April 11, 1912; author of twelve volumes of Bible Biog-
raphies for the Young, published between 1900-07; compiler, with I.
Bennet Trout, of Kingdom Songs, 1911; joint author, with Daniel
L. Miller, Some Who Led, 1912; author of Thirty-three Years of
Missions in the Church of the Brethren, 1913 ; of Christian Heroism
in Heathen Lands, 1914; compiler, with John E. Miller, Kingdom
Songs, Number Two, 1918; President and acting Secretary for the
Sunday-schools of Middle Pennsylvania, 1921-22. By appointment
of District Meeting of 1923, made editor of History of the Church
of the Brethren in the Middle District of Pennsylvania, and published
the same for the District Mission Board. Director of Juniata Re-
ligious Extension Service since June, 1923, and is preparing courses
of study by correspondence. Address, Huntingdon, (Pa.).

RUBLE, Lawrence, second of four children of George S. and
Sorena (nee Myers) Ruble, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born near McVeytown, (Pa.),
April 3, 1878. He was reared on
the farm, pushing through common
school, two years high school, and
graduated from the Normal English
course of Juniata College, in 1902.
He has made his living farming and
teaching public school; since 1914, is
serving as county superintendent of
Mifflin County. He is active in hor-
ticultural and civic interests of his
community.

He was united in marriage with
Beulah R., daughter of Lloyd and
Rettie (nee Swigart) Rupert, mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren,

the union being solemnized by J. Allen Myers, March 14, 1912. To
them are born four children, — Naomi (died in infancy), Russell.
Leona, and Lorma.

He united with the Church of the Brethren while attending col-

509

A History of the Church of the Brethren

lege at Juniata College, William J. Swigart administering baptism, in
February, 1898. The Spring Run congregation called him to the
ministry, May, 1900; and, through the laying on of hands by James
A. Sell and William J. Swigart, had him ordained, in October, 1923.
He has represented his congregation at District Meeting about fif-

teen times ; is a leader
McVeytown, (Pa.).

in Sunday-school work. His address is

RUPERT, Anna Mohler, oldest of eleven children of Joseph and
Sarah (nee Stroup) Mohler, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born near Maitland, (Pa.),
October 11, 1847. She made good
use of the common school education
that was within her reach. She spent
all her life in the Dry Valley and
Spring Run congregations.

She was united in marriage with
David, son of Adam and Jane Rup-
ert, members of the Church of the
Brethren, the union being solemnized
by William Howe, January 28, 1868.
The husband finished his preparation
in Kishacoquillas Seminary, and
taught public school for twenty-seven
years ; served as president of the
School Board Association of Mifflin
County for several years. He also was a deacon in the church many
years. No children came to their home, but they took five to raise,
namely, Merrill Geist, Elsie Yocum, Corbin Mohler, Hellen Strauss,
Grace Strauss. The husband died June 1, 1921.

She united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Dry Valley
congregation, Archibald Van Dyke administering baptism, in Octo-
ber, 1872. She was given a splendid voice for singing, and used it in
leading song services for many years, in both Dry Valley and Spring

Run congregations. She also was a
teacher in the primary department of
the Sunday-school. Her address is
McVeytown, Mifflin County, (Pa.).

RUPERT, Samuel G., third of
seven children of John and Martha
(nee Wakefield) Rupert, members of
the Spring Run congregation of the
Church of the Brethren, was born
near Mill Creek, Huntingdon Countv,
(Pa.), Decembtr 11, 1849. He at-
tended McVeytown common and high
schools, graduated from Millersville
Normal, taught in the public schools
seven years, and was principal of the
Altoona High School for three years. Besides teaching school, he
was in the implement business, in Lewistown, about twenty years.

510

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He was united in marriage with Rebecca E., daughter of Alexander
and Mary Ann (nee McCune) Rainey, the union being solemnized
by J. Jackson Kerr, of Huntingdon, (Pa.), May 22, 1869. To them
were born six children, as follows : Agatha, married to Lewis
Berkey; Laura, married to J. Bruce Otts ; Anna, who supplied most
of the information of this sketch, married to Wesley White; Clara,
married to Samuel Steinberger ; Adam and Wilbur.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Spring Run con-
gregation, Joseph Hanawalt administering baptism, October 3, 1869.
The Altoona congregation called him to the ministry, December 17,
1881, and had him advanced to the second degree, July 4, 1882. He
attended many District Meetings and General Conferences ; was su-
perintendent of Sunday-school in Altoona. Two years after called
to the ministry, he removed from Altoona to Lewistown, and
was active in the Dry Valley congregation. Through evangelistic
efforts he extended his ministerial work in Mifflin, Huntingdon,
Centre, Snyder and Juniata. He was a member of the District
Mission Board for about fifteen years. In 1905, he moved to Heart,
(N. D.). He had a desire to visit the old home, and the family
started back. They were going to the train, — had covered a few
miles, when death came suddenly, December 11, 1909. His funeral
was preached in Lewistown, (Pa.), by Albert Steinberger and Harry
A. Spanogle. Text, Matthew 24 : 43. His body is buried in Mount
Rock Cemetery.

RUSH, John, a son of George Rush, was born December 25, 1835.
He grew up on the farm, learned the car-
penter trade, availed himself of common school
privileges.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Snake Spring Valley congregation.
The Yellow Creek (then Hopewell) congre-
gation called him to the ministry, October,
1872, and had him ordained, through the laying
on of hands by Henry B. Brumbaugh and
James A. Sell, August 20, 1897. From 1900 to
1907, he had the oversight of the Yellow Creek
congregation. He died August 28, 1913.

SELL, Brick, sixth of eight children of Dan-
iel and Rachel (nee Detwiler) Sell, members
of the Church of the Brethren, was born at

Leamersville, (Pa.), July 23, 1847. He was reared on the farm, at-
tended the common schools and, during manhood, taught several
terms of public school, and made his living farming, horticulturaling
and trucking.

He was united in marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas
and Catherine (nee Hanley) Burns, members of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church, living at East Freedom, the union being solemnized
by George W. Brumbaugh, September 27, 1868. When about eighteen
years old, the bride had united with her parents' church. About two

511

A History of the Church of the Brethren

years after her marriage, she joined the Church of the Brethren, in
the Leamersville congregation. To this union were born nine chil-
dren,— Daniel, Lovinia, Stephen, Nathaniel and Emanuel (twins),

Simon (deceased), Edgar, Minnie
(deceased), and Orvella.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Duncansville (now
Carson Valley) congregation, in his
early manhood. This congregation
called him to the ministry, September
19, 1872; and, through the laying on
of hands by Thomas B. Maddocks
and John L. Holsinger, had him or-
dained, in 1899. At the organization
of the Carson Valley congregation, in
1904, he was chosen bishop, which
position he filled till June 4, 1908.
He often represented his congrega-
tion at District Meeting, and served
on the Standing Committee at York, (Pa.), in 1921. He dedicated
the First Albright Church and the Snake Spring Valley house, —
taught in the Sunday-school about fifty years, started the Bennington
Mission, not far from Galitzin. From about 1900 to 1913 he went,
every four weeks, into Indiana County, to look after the spiritual
welfare of the church there. He held evangelistic meetings in
many congregations in Pennsylvania and other States. He was
uncompromisingly strong on the temperance issue ; served Middle
District of Pennsylvania on its Temperance Committee for a number
of years.

While marketing in Altoona, (Pa.), September 9, 1922, he met his
death in an automobile accident. Funeral was conducted by Galen
B. Royer. Subject, "Gaining a Crown." Texts, Luke 16:10;
Matthew 25:21. Interment in Carson Valley Cemetery.

SELL, Byron Monroe, oldest of five cnildren of Daniel M. and
Nancy A. (nee Dilling) Sell, members of the Church of the Brethren,

was born in Altoona, (Pa.), July 5, 1897.
After completing Altoona High School, he
attended Juniata College, receiving B.S.,
1922; and Jefferson Medical College, receiv-
ing M.D., 1924.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in First Church, Altoona, J. Kurtz Miller ad-
ministering baptism, in December, 1912. This
congregation called him to the ministry, Sep-
tember 7, 1821. He spent the summer of 1921
teaching in Vacation Bible Schools in Green-
ville, Rockton and Sabula congregations ; of
1922, in Somerset County, in the Hooversville
congregation, all in Western District of Penn-
sylvania. His address is 128 East Third Ave-
nue, Altoona, (Pa.).

512

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

SELL, David D., seventh of eight children of Daniel and Rachael

(nee Detwiler) Sell, members of the Church of the Brethren, was

born at Leamersville, (Pa.), July 8,

1850. He was reared on the farm,

had the advantages of the common

schools, and made a good living,

farming.

He was united in marriage with
Sarah, daughter of Robert and Cath-
arine (nee Launchbaugh) McFarlin,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, living in New Enterprise, (Pa.),
the union being solemnized by James
A. Sell, October 19, 1871. The bride
was born October 3, 1849, near
Schellsburg, (Pa.), united with the
Church of the Brethren, in the Snake
Spring Valley congregation, in 1866,

baptism being administered by Leonard S. Furry. She has been a
Sunday-school teacher fifty-one years ; also president and treasurer of
the Sisters' Aid Society, fourteen years.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Carson Valley
(the Duncansville) congregation, baptism being administered by Dan-
iel Sell, January 2, 1870. This congregation called him to the dea-
con's office, October 19, 1872; to the ministry, April 27, 1876; ad-
vanced him to the second degree, April 23, 1878, and, through the
laying on of hands by Thomas B. Maddocks and John Holsinger,
had him ordained, June 17, 1899. When the Leamersville congrega-
tion was organized, June 1, 1904, he was given the oversight, and,
save one year, filled it till his death. He was a regular attendant at
District Meetings. He married forty-five couples and baptized 100
into membership in the Church of the Brethren.

He had a lingering sickness, and called for the anointing. This
was done before the congregation, September 16, 1915. He died
February 18, 1916. William J. Swigart conducted his funeral ser-
vice ; John B. Miller led in the song service. Interment in Riverview
Cemetery.

SELL, Esther B., one of ten children of Joseph and Mary (nee
Leighty) Stiffler, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born
near Hollidaysburg, (Pa.), April 3, 1847. She is a granddaughter of
Henry Stiffler, who was one of the pioneers of the old Franks-
town Church.

At the age of eighteen, while at a lovefeast in the Albaugh Church,
at Duncansville, she was powerfully convicted under the preaching
of Elder Christian Long, of Illinois. She sought peace in accepting
Christ, and was baptized, October 30, 1865. On the 19th of October,
1867, she was united in marriage with James A. Sell. He having
been in the ministry already two years, she entered into this union
knowing what it meant in self-denial and sacrifice in a free ministry.
She at once entered sympathetically and courageously into her duties
as a minister's wife, and never faltered in her devotion to her hus-

513

A History of the Church of the Brethren

band or his arduous duties over the more than half century that fol-
lowed. As work opened in the church that she could engage in, she
was ready and willing to do her part. She had the song service in
the church for many years. She was one of the pioneers in the
Sunday-school work, and took an active part in every department of
its activities. She was never without a position somewhere. She
was either superintendent or teacher or superintendent of the Home
Department or chorister or leader in making out programs or doing
several of these things at the same time. She taught the juveniles
for twenty years, and then changed to the adults, so that there are
now people in the church past middle life who never have any other
teacher. There are many people round about who received their
first instructions in the Sunday-school from her. Living close by the
Leamersville Church, she entertained many visitors — especially min-
isters. During the thirty-eight years of the use of this house for
series of meetings, she entertained the evangelist who held the meet-
ings, save one, when she was absent from home. She introduced the
Sisters' Aid Society into the Leamersville Church, and was its first
president. She stood faithfully by it through all its years of oper-
ation, even into the infirmities of age. She was for a time District
Secretary, and helped organize and encourage the society work in a
number of other churches. — James A. Sell.

SELL, James Arnold, was born November 23, 1845, and baptized
March 6, 1863. His education was limited to four terms in the com-
mon school, but he taught school for
two terms. In his nineteenth year, on
October 24, 1865, he was elected to
the ministry, and seven years later,
on October 20, 1872, was ordained to
the eldership, being at that time the
youngest elder in the brotherhood.

He became Associate Editor of our
first weekly church paper, The Chris-
tian Family Companion, on April 1,
1866. On 'October 19, 1867, he was
united in marriage with Esther B.
Stiffler. He located at McAleveys
Fort, April 1, 1868, and took up the
work of a carpenter.

In 1879, he removed to the home
church at Leamersville. He had the oversight of this church as elder
for thirty-four years, retiring voluntarily in favor of younger men.
At this point, he built a church, preached in it for thirty-eight years,
and then replaced it with a much larger one, in 1910. He was chair-
man of the Advisory Board of Juniata College, from its beginning
until within a few years of the Board's discontinuance. His wise
counsel did very much in the early and difficult years to guide the
college aright in the many perplexing problems which school and
church had to face. He always appreciated the service that our
colleges were to render to the church, and at the same time was loyal
to the best interests of the church itself.

514

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He attended the following General Conferences: Clover Creek
(M. Pa.), 1863; Quincy, (III), 1866; Pipe Creek, (Md.), 1867; New
Enterprise, (Pa.), 1877; Hagerstown, (Md.), 1891; York, (Pa.),
1912. In addition, he attended the following, in which he served on
the Standing Committee: Cedar Rapids, (la.), 1892; Decatur, (111.),
1895; Ottawa, (Kan.), 1896; Roanoke, (Va.), 1899; Bristol, (Tenn.),
1905; Des Moines, (la.), 1908; Winona Lake, (Ind.), 1910 and 1916.
He attended nearly every District Meeting since called to the min-
istry, and served as moderator ten times, besides serving a number of
times as Moderator of Elders' and Ministerial Meetings. He was
the first elder of the Altoona Church, and had for a time the over-
sight of the Fairview, Roaring Spring, and Klahr Churches, in addi-
tion to his home church.

He is also the author of a volume of poems which are noted for
their religious spirit and fervor. Brother Sell has rendered a large
service to the cause of Christ and of Christian education, and has
made a large place for himself in the hearts of the many whom he has
served. It is no small service to one's day and generation to have
been used in the ministry, and in the councils of the church as
Brother Sell has been, and to have aided in the pioneer work of pub-
lishing and of education so necessary to the foundations of our later
church development.

With his religious and poetic temperament, Brother Sell has been
an inspiration to young people always in their outreach toward
higher Christian ideals. The present work in a large measure exists
because of his long and patient collecting of historical matter which
has made it possible. Address, Hollidaysburg, (Pa.)— Charles C.
Ellis.

SELL, Wai^tkr Cscil, fourth of rive children of Albert and Delia
(nee Stewart) Sell, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near Ponca City, (Okla.),
March 29, 1895. His mother died
May 14, 1897. He was reared on the
farm, went to California in 1916,
spent three months in Berean Bible
School, of Los Angeles ; graduated
from LaVerne College (Calif.) pre-
paratory department, 1921 ; took one
year college there, and now is attend-
ing Juniata College, completing his
college work.

He was united in marriage with
Alice Dorothy, daughter of William
and Augusta (nee LeDue) Lehman,
of Los Angeles, (Calif.), members of
the Church of the Brethren, the union

being solemnized by Emanuel S. Young, April 17, 1917. Besides
public school in Pontiac and Springfield, (111.), she graduated from
Expression course, Mt. Morris College, 1912; and took three years'
Bible work at Berean Bible School and one year LaVerne College,
(Calif.). She united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Mt.

515

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Morris (111.) congregation, baptism being administered by Olin F.
Shaw, in November, 1911. Planning to go to the mission field, she
took training in the Good Samaritan and Pacific Hospitals, of Los
Angeles, 1913-16, but failing health compelled her to discontinue this
before completing the course. The Hollidaysburg (M. Pa.) congre-
gation called her to the ministry, October 5, 1924, Charles O. Beery
and Daniel A. Maddocks officiating. To Brother and Sister Sell
were born Ruth Naomi and John Paul (the latter deceased).

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in Fredonia, (Kan.),
William B. Sell administering baptism, in 1910. The First Los
Angeles congregation (Calif.) called him to the ministry, August 1,
1917, and he was installed, August 15, William E. Trostle officiating.
He has represented his congregation twice at District Meeting, and
once at General Conference. Lie served as pastor of the Dixon
(111.) Church, 1922-24; entered upon the pastorate of the Hollidays-
burg congregation, September 1, 1924. He is a member of the Stu-
dent Volunteer Organization, and served as president of the
LaVerne College Student Ministerial Organization. His address is
Hollidaysburg, (Pa.).

SHAFFER, Joseph J., eighth of fourteen children of Hiram and
Frances (nee Berkebile) Shaffer, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Hooversville, (Pa.), November 22, 1872.
He was reared on the farm, took advantage of common schools, local
normals, and graduated from Juniata College in the Normal English
course, in 1896; took Latin and Greek in Hill College, Pottstown,
(Pa.). He taught in three summer normals; was principal of the
Windber High School, 1899-1901 ; assistant principal of the Dun-
cansville High School, 1923-24; now principal of Jefferson School,
South Altoona. In the meantime he has carried on farming to
some extent.

He was united in marriage with Grace, a daughter of Samuel F.
and Rebecca (nee Schrock) Reiman, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop, the union being solemnized by William
G. Schrock, December 24, 1899. To them were born six children.
His wife died December 7, 1913. The second time he was married to
Elizabeth, a sister of his first wife, this union being solemnized in
June, 1915.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Shade Creek
congregation, (W. Pa.), baptism being administered by John M.
Mohler. This congregation called him to the ministry, July 4, 1893;
and, through -the laying on of hands by Valentine Blough and one
other, had him ordained, in 1908. He represented his congregation,
both at District Meeting and General Conference, many times ; served
on the Standing Committee at Harrisburg, (Va.), 1909, and Seattle,
(Wash.), 1914; was first pastor of Coventry congregation (S. E. Pa.,
N. J. and N. Y.), 1898; of Shade Creek congregation, (W. Pa.),
1907-08; of Garret and Beachdale congregations; of Hollidaysburg
congregation, 1918-21; bishop of Berlin congregation, 1911-13. He
has done evangelistic work in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Virginia, West
Virginia and Iowa. He served as president of the District Mission
Board of Western Pennsylvania six years; is now president of the

516

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Temperance Committee of Middle Pennsylvania. His address is
Hollidaysburg, (Pa.).

SHARP, Solomon Z., youngest of ten children of Solomon and
Magdalena (nee Zook) Sharp, members of the Mennonite Church,
was born near Allenville, Huntingdon County, (Pa.), December 21,
1835. As a student, he attended schools and received the following
degrees: Millersville State Normal, (Pa.), B.E., 1860; M.E., 1862;
A.M., 1868; Washington and Jefferson College, (Pa.), A.M., 1875;
Mt. Morris College, (111.), LL.D., 1889. He has been a teacher and
supervisor of institutions as follows : Principal of Kishacoquillas
Seminary, (Pa.), 1861-66; Instructor in Pedagogy and German, Mil-
lersville State Normal, 1866-68; Principal of New Providence Insti-
tute, (Tenn.), 1868-75; Professor of Latin and German, Maryville
College, (Tenn.), 1875-78; President of Ashland College, (O.),
1878-81 ; Professor of German, Mental and Moral Science, Mt. Mor-
ris College, (111.), 1881-88; President of McPherson College, (Kan.),
1888-96; President of Plattsburg College, (Mo.), 1897-1900; Col-
lector for Smithsonian Institute, Washington, (D. C), 1876-78; one
of two State Geologists of Kansas, 1894-97; Member of American
Association for the Advancement of Science, 1876; Member of
Kansas Academy of Science, 1890.

He was united in marriage with Salome, daughter of Shem and
Elizabeth (nee Yoder) Zook, the union being solemnized by Joseph
Hanawalt, in March, 1860. The bride, a member of the Mennonite
Church, later united with the Church of the Brethren. To them
were born six children, — Oscar, Theodore, Maurice, Agnes, Annie
Grace, and Annie L., who married Benjamin G. Davis. All the
children save Mrs. Davis, are deceased. The wife died July 3, 1920.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Spring Run
congregation, in October, 1860. Here he was called to the ministry,
in 1862. In the Oak Grove congregation, (Tenn.), he was ordained,
through the laying on of hands by George W. Dove and Samuel
Molsbee, in 1868. He has represented his congregation at District
Meeting fifteen times ; at General Conference, five times ; served on
the Standing Committee at Broadway, (Va.), 1879; at Winona
Lake, (Ind.), 1910, 1916, and 1922; at Sedalia, (Mo.), 1920; was
editor of our Sunday-school literature in its
infancy, and has been a more or less con-
tributor to our church publications since
1863; is author of two books, — New Testa-
ment Baptism, in 1910, and Educational
History of the Church of the Brethren, in
1924. He established the Oak Grove con-
gregation, in Tennessee, and held many re-
vival meetings in his time. Address, Fruita,
(Colo.).

SHELLENBERGER, Helen, fifth of seven
children of Thomas and Annie Shellenberger,
members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born in Lewistown, (Pa.), December 14, 1900.

517

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Besides the advantages of the city high schools, she is a graduate of
Moody Bible Institute.

She confessed Christ by uniting with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Lewistown congregation, baptism being administered by Harry
A. Spanogle, in 1913. She has been active in church work, and a
teacher in the Sunday-school. On August 27, 1922, the Lewistown
congregation licensed her to preach, and on September 24, 1924.
commissioned her permanently, Herman B. Heisey conducting
the installation service. Her address is 128 Valley Street, Lewis-
town, (Pa.).

SHELLENBERGER, John B., third of eight children of Enoch and
Maggie (nee Berry) Shellenberger, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born at Mochentonga
Lock, along the Susquehanna River,
March 16, 1868. He availed himself
of the common school education of
the day, — first was a merchant, and,
since January, 1917, has been engaged
in the insurance business.

He was united in marriage with
Vina E., daughter of John M. and
Ellen (nee Hoover) Mohler, mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren,
and he a bishop, the union being sol-
emnized by William Howe, October
1, 1891. The bride confessed Christ
by uniting with the Church of the
Brethren, in Dry Valley congrega-
tion, baptism being administered by William Howe, November, 1878.
Since sixteen years old, she has been a teacher in the Sunday-school.
In recent years she has been a leader in the Aid Society work of her
congregation. To Brother and Sister Shellenberger are born three
sons,— Dr. John M., Dr. Martin B., and Henry D.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Dry Valley
congregation, baptism being administered by Samuel J. Swigart,
May 20, 1886. This congregation called him to the deacon's office, in
the fall of 1891; to the ministry, August 18, 1893; and, through the
laying on of hands by John C. Swigart and Walter S. Long, had him
ordained, December 19, 1916. He has represented his congregation
at District Meeting three times, and at General Conference, three
times. _ He has been pastor at Burnham since, and bishop since its
organization, in 1921. His address is Burnham, (Pa.).

SHELLENBERGER, Maggie (nee Beery), third of five children
of Major Henry and Mary (nee Springer) Beery, members of the
Lutheran Church, was born near Freeburg, Snyder County, (Pa.).
September 5, 1842. In her girlhood she united with the church of
her parents. Her education was limited to the common schools.

She was united in marriage with Enoch, son of Peter and Eliza-
beth (nee Aigler) Shellenberger, members of the Church of the
Brethren, the union being solemnized by Rev. G. G. Elenmyer, of

518

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the Lutheran Church, on February 13, 1862. To them were born
eight children, — Annie P., Sarah A., Mary E., John B. (pastor at
Burnham), Kate, Peter C, Annie
Ida, and Minnie S.

It was after her marriage about
thirteen years that, through the read-
ing of periodicals, she united with
the Church of the Brethren, in the
Lost Creek congregation, Elias Lan-
dis administering baptism, about
1875. Then she and her husband
moved to Bannerville, some distance
from the Dry Valley Church, and
there, in about 1885, he united with
the church. Though many things
were against her, in 1879 she started
a Sunday-school in the Bannerville
school house ; later had preaching,

and erected a house of worship in the village. Her husband died
February 23, 1894, and was the first one buried in the Bannerville
Cemetery.

While on a visit to her daughter, Mrs. Ida Wilson, in Burnham
(Newton), she decided to start a Sunday-school in this very needy
place. She lived to see the present church house erected in 1908,
and at the time of her death a membership of about one hundred.
Due to rheumatism, she was a sufferer much of her life. She died
December 6, 1913. Funeral services were conducted by Samuel J.
Swigart. Interment in Bannerville, (Pa.).

ii "i i i m i

i i

1 ! \

SHIFFLER, Clarence: Clayton, sixth of seven children of Jacob
W. and Barbara (nee Imler) Shiftier, the mother a member of the
Lutheran Church and the father of
the Church of the Brethren, was
born in Woodbury, (Pa.), February
26, 1888. He attended common
schools and local normals, and en-
gaged in teaching public school five
years. He is at present assistant
foreman of the Berwind White Coal
Mining Company Car Repair Shops,
at Hollidaysburg, (Pa.).

He was united in marriage with
Esther V., daughter of Samuel R.
and Mary E. (nee Hoover) Clapper,
both members of the Church of the
Brethren, the union being solemnized
by Walter S. Long, July 21, 1910.

To them were born three sons and three daughters, — Harvey, Dor-
othy, Ethel, James, Dessa, and Donald.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Carson Valley
congregation, William H. Holsinger administering baptism, in Octo-
ber, 1910. The Hollidaysburg congregation called him to the dea-

519

A History of the Church of the Brethren

con's office, April 5, 1913; to the ministry, October 15, 1915. He has
been superintendent of the Sunday-school for ten years, and teacher
for twelve years. His address is Hollidaysburg, (Pa.).

SHOPE, David, called to the ministry June 3, 1882, in the Augh-
wick congregation. His address is Saltillo, (Pa.).

SHOPE, John, Jr., born December 18, 1847, one mile west of Orbi-
sonia, in Huntingdon County, is one of eight children of John and
Barbara (Flasher) Shope, member of the Church of the Brethren.
The son had the advantage of a common school education, and in
active life was a farmer.

When about twenty, he united with the Church of the Brethren, in
Black Log Valley, a part of the Aughwick congregation. James R.
Lane administered baptism. The same congregation, in session in
the Hill Valley house, called him to the ministry, October 30, 1879,
and seven years later he was ordained to the bishopric. His zeal for
the Master led him forth to preach wherever there was an opening,
and many school houses are witnesses to his message in his prime.
He held a six weeks' revival in the new Black Log Church, and had
the joy of baptizing some ninety members. In 1890, he united with
the Progressive Brethren Church, where he continues faithful in
service.

SHOWALTER, George Quinter, first of eight children of Abram
and Anna (nee Yerger) Showalter, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Williamsburg, (Pa.), June 3, 1893. He
received a common school education, and has been making his living
farming.

He was united in marriage with Minnie Freda, daughter of Wil-
liam H. and Cora (nee Gates) Holsinger, members of the Church of
the Brethren, and he a bishop, the union being solemnized by the
bride's father, February 21, 1914. Clarence, Ruth, Clifford, and
Thelma are the four living children of their home.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Fairview con-
gregation, David Adams administering baptism, in October, 1906.

Here he was called to the ministry,
May 11, 1924, Charles B. Smith and
Galen B. Royer officiating. He has
been a Sunday-school teacher for a
number of years. His address is
Williamsburg, (Pa.).

SHUSS, Alva Robert, fifth of seven
children of Daniel H. and Maria
(nee Snively) Shuss, members of the
Church of the Brethren, and the hus-
hand a deacon for many years, was
born on the old homestead, in Snake
Spring Valley, Bedford County,
(Pa.), September 28, 1886. Besides
common school, he attended summer

520

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

normals and two terms at Juniata College. He taught in the common
schools of Bedford County, (Pa.), and in Freda, (Mich.). He is
making his living on the farm.

He was united in marriage with Phebe Margaret, daughter of
George A. and Margaret (nee Dunkle) Snyder, the union being sol-
emnized by David T. Detwiler, November 25, 1915. To this union
were born three children, — Wyzetta, Daniel, and Margaret.

He united with the Church of the Brethren while attending Juni-
ata College, baptism being administered by William J. Swigart, in
the winter of 1905. The Snake Spring Valley congregation called
him to the ministry, May 25, 1907. For a number of years he was
inactive, but recently has taken up the work of the ministry. He has
been teacher in the Sunday-school eighteen years, and superintendent
nine years ; has represented his congregation once at District Meet-
ing. Address, R. 1, Everett, (Pa.).

SIMMONS, Ai,FR£d T., first of eight children of William and Eliza
Ann (nee Kinkead) Simmons, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born at Water Street, Huntingdon
County, (Pa.), January 1, 1865. He was
reared on the farm, had a common school
education, and made his living farming.

He was united in marriage with Laura,
daughter of Abraham and Minerva (nee
Mills) Rice, the union being solemnized by
David S. Clapper, January 1, 1886. To them
were born five children, — William, Goldie (de-
ceased), Earl, Pearl (deceased), and Charles.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Yellow Creek congregation, David S.
Clapper administering baptism. The Everett
congregation called him to the ministry, Feb-
ruary 15, 1894, the installation service being
conducted by George W. Brumbaugh and

Jacob Koontz. November 28, 1895, he was advanced to the second
degree. He represented his congregation twice at District Meeting,
and at Meyersdale, General Conference. He served as superintendent
in the Sunday-school a number of years. Due to an accident, while
working on a saw-mill, he met an untimely death, February 20, 1897.
George W. Brumbaugh preached his funeral from Matthew 24 : 44.
Interment in Providence Union Church Cemetery.

SIMMONS, Alonzo L., third of eight children of William and Eliza
Ann (nee Kinhead) Simmons, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born near Water Street, Huntingdon County, (Pa.), July
4, 1869. He received a common school education, and has made his
occupation farming.

He was united in marriage with Sarah E., daughter of John and
Christina (nee Knisely) Kline, members of the Church of the
Brethren, living at Tatesville, (Pa.), David S. Clapper solemn-
izing the union, February 27, 1891. The bride united with the
Church of the Brethren, in June, 1890. To them were born two

521

A History of the Church of the Brethren

sons and two daughters, — Ira L., Mary E. (married to Earle

Steele), Martha W. (deceased), and Roy W.

He, with his father and mother, all
united with the Church of the Breth-
ren, in the Yellow Creek congrega-
tion, baptism being administered by
David S. Clapper, April 18, 1895.
The Yellow Creek congregation
called him to the deacon's office, No-
vember 28, 1885; the Everett congre-
gation called him to the ministry,
June 5, 1898, and the Clover Creek
congregation, through the laying on
of hands by Samuel J. Swigart and
William H. Holsinger, had him or-
dained, August 10, 1912. He has
represented his congregation at Dis-
trict Meeting seven times ; at General

Conference, five times, and has been active in Sunday-school as

teacher and superintendent. His address is Henrietta, (Pa.).

SMITH, Charles B., seventh of eight children of John R. and
Frances A. (nee Eavins) Smith, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Gordensville, Orange County, (Va.), Febru-
ary 19, 1867. He grew up on the farm, attended common school and,
after marriage, spent two years at Mt. Morris College, (111.), on
literary and Bible study. He has made his living farming and
carpentering.

He was united in marriage with Mary E., daughter of Joseph
and Elizabeth (nee Holsinger) Rowzer, members of the Church
of the Brethren, living at New Paris, Bedford County, (Pa.),
the union being solemnized by Christian S. Holsinger, of Roan-
oke, (111.), March 8, 1888. The bride confessed Christ at the age
of fourteen.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Panther Creek
congregation, Woodford County, (111.), George W. Gish administer-
ing baptism, in fall of 1886. This congregation called him to the
ministry, October 12, 1890; and the North Beatrice congregation,
(Neb.), had him ordained, through the laying on of hands by Urias
Shick and Stephen Yoder, on May 1, 1897. He has represented his
congregation at District Meeting twelve times, and at General Con-
ference, nine times ; served on the Standing Committee at Seattle.
1914, and Winona Lake, (Ind.), 1920. He was district evangelist in
Nebraska for two and one-half years, and for twenty years con-
ducted many revivals in all parts of the Brotherhood. As pastor, he
has served as follows: Beginning in 1897, at Red Cloud, (Neb.), ten
years; beginning 1906, at Middledgeville, (111.), five years; beginning
1911, Morrell, (Kans.), eight years; beginning 1919, Mt. Vernon,
(Va.), three years. Under his leadership Morrill Church, (Kan.),
erected a $35,000.00 house, and had it dedicated March 17, 1918; since
1923 he has had the oversight of the Clover Creek congregation,
(M. Pa.). His address is Martinsburg, (Pa.).

522

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

SNIDER, John G., third of three sons and six daughters of Jacob
U. and Lovina( nee Gruber) Snider, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near New Enterprise,
(Pa.), September 29, 1844. He was reared on
the farm, and made his living farming.

He was united in marriage with Eva D.,
daughter of Simon and Christina Brumbaugh,
the union being solemnized by Jeremiah Fra-
zier, March 5, 1868. The wife united with the
Church of the Brethren, in the Clover Creek
congregation, baptism being administered by
George W. Brumbaugh, November 5, 1876.
To this union were born seven children, —
Lillie V., who married Harry A. Madara, Ida
F. (deceased), Lovina M. (deceased), Grace
E., public school teacher twenty-two years ;
Lyman E., and John B., now employed in the
United States Treasury Department, 30 Wall
Street, New York City.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Clover Creek
congregation, baptism being administered by John W. Brumbaugh,
on October 13, 1875. About this time the Woodbury congregation
was being formed, and his membership fell within the bounds of the
new organization. It so happened that Brother Snider had a church
house on both his farms, and he and his family were regular attend-
ants. The Snider Cross Roads Church is on the Gruber farm, where
his son John lived. In the Woodbury congregation, John G. was
called to the ministry, in August, 1877. In the ministry he labored
to the best of his ability until November 20, 1880, when he was
advanced to the second degree. He died November 27, 1923.
Funeral conducted by Moses R. Brumbaugh and John B. Miller;
interment in Tyrone Cemetery.

SNOWBERGER, Andrew, was born in the Snake Spring Valley,
not far from Everett, March 24, 1802. He was reared on the farm,
and made his living farming. Educational advantages were very
limited.

He was united in marriage with Rosanna Snider, in 1822, and to
them were born five sons and nine daughters. The names of the
sons are John,* David, Jacob, Joseph, and Andrew. The names of
the daughters are Nancy, who married John Dilling; Catherine, who
married John Sollenberger ; Elizabeth, who married Isaac Replogle ;
Rosan, who married John Ritchey; Mary, who first married Isaac
Ritchey, and afterwards Jacob Snyder ; Sarah, who married William
S. Ritchey; Susie, who married Jacob Hetrick, and afterwards James
Grove ; Fannie, who married Hymes Grubb, and afterwards John
Amick; Lean, who married Henry Sollenberger. All the children
became members of the same church to which their parents belonged,
and two of the sons were ministers.

* John administered baptism to the editor when a lad while both were living
near Monticello, Indiana.

523

A History of the Church of the Brethren

In 1834, he and his wife united with the Church of the Brethren, in
the Snake Spring Valley congregation. This congregation called him
to the deacon's office, in 1827; to the ministry, in 1844; and, through
the laying on of hands, had him ordained, in 1872, at which time he
took oversight of the Snake Spring Valley congregation, and exer-
cised in that office a little over two years. He was, for over a year,
a great sufferer from dropsy, before he died September 3, 1874.
John W. Brumbaugh, Jacob Miller and Jacob Steele conducted his
funeral services, using for text Revelation 14:13. Interment in
Ritchey Cemetery.*

SNOWBERGER, Daniel, sixth of eight children of Theodore and
Elizabeth (nee Eshelman) Snowberger, members of the Church of
the Brethren, was born near Loysburg, (Pa.), November 19, 1809.
He received a very limited education, and made his living on
the farm.

He was united in marriage with Catherine, daughter of Christian
and Elizabeth (nee Snyder) Brake, on April 15, 1832. To them were
born twelve children, the following reaching maturity : Christian,
Elizabeth, who married John Furry, and later John B. Miller ; Peter,
Christina, Nancy, who married John S. Hanawalt ; Theodore, Rosan-
nah, who married George S. Myers ; Samuel, and Daniel B. At this
time Daniel B. is the only one of the family living. His wife died
November 2, 1867.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Yellow Creek
(now New Enterprise) congregation, where he was called first to the
deacon's office, then to the ministry, and later ordained. In his
home, in 1866, the first Sunday-school in the Yellow Creek (now
New Enterprise) congregation was organized. He was not only a
leader in Sunday-schools, but defended the work against those who
opposed them. About a week before his death, at his request, he

was anointed. After serving the
church, in the ministry, about
twenty-six years, he died July 26,
1878. Funeral services were con-
ducted by Charles L. Buck and other
home ministers. Text, Hebrews
13:14. Interment in New Enter-
prise Cemetery. f

SNOWBERGER, Joseph, one of
twelve children of Andrew and
Rosanna (nee Snider) Snowberger,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, and he a bishop, was born in
Snake Spring Valley, near Everett,
(Pa.), February 13, 1832. He was

* Gleaned from Daniel Snowberger's obituary notice, Christian Family Companion
and Gospel Visitor, 1874, page 654.

f Partly gleaned from Charles L. Buck's " In Memoriam," in Primitive Chris-
tian, 1878, page 508.

524

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

reared on the farm, where he made his living. His school opportuni-
ties were limited.

He was united in marriage with Hannah, daughter of John and
Elizabeth (nee Brown) Burket, on October 6. 1853. To them were
born six children, of whom Jacob B., Sarah Shelley, and Ruhamia
are still living. His wife died October 8, 1864. He was again mar-
ried, this time to Susan, daughter of Henry and Magdalena (nee
Mock) Ditch, members of the Church of the Brethren, living in the
Clover Creek congregation, the union being solemnized by John W.
Brumbaugh, April 19, 1866.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Snake Spring
Valley congregation, early in life; after his second marriage, he
moved within the bounds of the Clover Creek congregation, where,
on December 25, 1868, he was called to the ministry, John Holsinger,
John Spanogle, and James R. Lane officiating. When the Fairview
congregation organized, September 26, 1891, he was the only resident
minister. This congregation had him ordained, through the laying
on of hands by George B. Brumbaugh and James R. Lane, on May
14, 1894. He presided over the Fairview congregation until the close
of his life. He was very active in Sunday-school, serving as teacher
and superintendent. He died January 4, 1901. Funeral service con-
ducted by George W. Brumbaugh. Text used : John 5 : 24-32. In-
terment in Shellytown Cemetery.

SNYDER, Adam Armstrong, sixth of seven children of Daniel R.

and Phoebe (nee Armstrong) Snyder, members of the Church of

the Brethren, was born in Snake

Spring Valley, near Everett, (Pa.),

July 15, 1863. He received but a

common school education, and has

made his living on the farm.

He was united in marriage with
Cassie F., daughter of John U. and
Sarah Ann (nee Foreman) Snyder,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, the union being solemnized by C.
Howard Day, in Cumberland, (Md.),
May 31, 1892. To them were born
five sons and three daughters, five of
whom reached maturity, namely,
Orpha D., Chester Roy, Ralph T.,
John Carl, and Honor A.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Snake Spring
congregation, baptism being administered by William S. Ritchey,
May 21, 1897. Here he was called to the deacon's office, in about
190*7; to the ministry, January 4, 1913, but was not installed until
October 12, 1913. Through the laying on of hands by Ira C. Hol-
sopple and David A. Stayer, he was ordained, May 19, 1923. He has
represented his congregation at District Meeting four times; at
General Conference, two times. He has served in the capacity of
teacher and superintendent in the Sunday-school. His address is
Everett, (Pa.).

525

A History of the Church of the Brethren

SNYDER, David, the fourth of ten children of John and Susan
(nee Replogle) Snyder, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born in Morrison's Cove, near Loysburg, (Pa.), December 24,
1851. He was eager for an education; pressed through the common
schools ; attended county normals, and then taught public school for
a number of years. He made his living afterwards on the farm.

He was united in marriage with Lucy, daughter of John and Annie
(nee Bulger) Teeter, members of the Church of the Brethren, in the
Koontz congregation, the union being solemnized by Henry Hersh-
berger, December 24, 1875. To them were born four children, —
Milton, Harvey, Annie, and Irene.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Snake Spring
congregation, in July, 1876. Here he was called to the ministry, in
1884. He united with the Old Order Brethren, in 1896, where he
served the church until his death, August 1, 1908. Isaac Stitly and
Harry Good, of Franklin County, (Pa.), conducted his funeral. In-
terment in the Burger Cemetery, Salemville, (Pa.).

SNYDER, John Romeo, oldest of eight children of the family of
Allen M. and Mary B. (nee Stevenson) Snyder, members of the

Church of the Brethren, was born
near DeGraff, (O.), September 16,
1871. He received a common school
education and normal training, and
taught eight terms of public school.
He has made his living by farming,
teaching and newspaper work. For
six years he was editor of a daily
newspaper, first in Paris, (111.), then
Findlay, (O.).

He was united in marriage with
Mabel, daughter of Charles K. and
Mary Jane (nee Holverstott) Cord-
rey, members of the Christian
Church, the union being solemnized
by Rev. M. J. Mills, March 17, 1898.
At Bellefontaine, (O.), 1882, she united with the Methodist Episcopal
Church. After her marriage she joined the Church of the Brethren,
Charles Bame administering baptism, in August, 1902. She has been
a Sunday-school teacher for many years. To Brother and Sister
Snyder were born six children, four growing to maturity,— Wilbur
O., Dwight A., Carrie B., and Ezra R.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Logan congre-
gation, (O.), Isaac Frantz administering baptism, December 20,
1888. The Bellefontaine congregation (O.) called him to the min-
istry, in October, 1919; and the Huntingdon congregation (Pa.),
had him ordained, through the laying on of hands by John C. Swi-
gart and Charles O. Beery, on July 16, 1924. He has represented his
congregation at District Meeting once, and at General Conference
once. He served Northwestern Ohio District Meetings as writing
clerk four times, and as reading clerk once. He has spent twelve
years in evangelistic work, seven of which he was associated with

526

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

several leading evangelists in union tabernacle work; assisted in
more than forty tabernacle campaigns in fifteen different states;
directed the erection of forty-two tabernacles ; spent several months
as assistant state director in Indiana for Near East Relief Work ;
six months in office of General Mission Board, Elgin, (111.), as
director of publicity for Forward Movement; for eleven years he
has been editor of General Conference Daily; for the last five years
he has been engaged almost entirely in evangelistic work, holding
revivals throughout the Brotherhood between Fruita, (Colo., and
Philadelphia, (Pa.). Early in 1924, he spent several months in the
South under the directions of the General Mission Board, holding
meetings in Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, and Tennessee. In March,
1922, he located in Huntingdon, (Pa.), his present address.

SNYDER, Joseph F., the second of eight children of John U. and
Sarah (nee Foreman) Snyder, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born in Snake Spring Val-
ley, November 11, 1880. He attended
common schools and county normals,
and then engaged in teaching pub-
lic school and farming during his
lifetime.

He was united in marriage with
Rebecca, daughter of William and
Mary Ann (nee Shuss) Forney,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, the union being solemnized by
Michael Claar, February 11, 1886.
The bride united with the Church of
the Brethren, baptism being admin-
istered by Solomon Buckalew, Janu-
ary 18, 1876. To them were born

four children, — Robert A., William S., Mary G. (deceased), and
Emanuel T. C. They took two children to raise, — Thelma Cogan
and Frank Brumbaugh.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Snake Spring
Valley congregation, baptism being administered by Jacob Koons,
February, 1890. Here he was called to the deacon's office; later to
the ministry, July 2, 1904; and, through the laying on of hands by
David A. Stayer and John S. Hershberger, he was ordained, April
7, 1923. He has represented his congregation at District Meeting
three times ; at General Conference, twice ; has served as superin-
tendent and teacher in the Sunday-school. His address is
Everett, (Pa.).

SNYDER, Wilbur O., first of six children of John R. and Mabel
(nee Cordrey) Snyder, members of the Church of the Brethren, and
he an evangelist, was born near Belief ontaine, (O.), September 5,
1899. He is a graduate of Bellefontaine High School, 1918; and
received his A.B. from Juniata College, 1923. He is following teach-
ing as his vocation for the present.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Bellefontaine

527

A History of the Church of the Brethren

congregation, (O.), Benjamin F. Snyder administering baptism,
September 17, 1912. The Huntingdon congregation called him to
the ministry, May 4, 1921, Walter S. Long officiating. He preached
his first sermon in Bellefontaine, (O.), on June 26, 1921. He is
active in Sunday-school and Young People's Meetings. Forwarding
address, Huntingdon, (Pa.).

SOLLENBERGER, Raymond, last of ten

children of David S. and Lydia (nee Ken-
singer) Sollenberger, members of the Church
of the Brethren, was born near Williamsburg,
Blair County, (Pa.), November 28, 1897. He
completed preparatory course at Juniata Col-
lege, in 1922, and is now on the Arts Course
at same college. He has taught public school
one term.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Smithfield congregation, Samuel I.
Brumbaugh administering baptism, November
27, 1913. The Williamsburg congregation,
(Pa.), called him to the ministry, December
31, 1922, M. Clyde Horst and William R. Mil-
ler officiating. Address, Williamsburg, (Pa.).

SPANOGLE, Andrew, one of ten children of John Spanogle, of
Warriors Mark, (Pa.), was born December 22, 1790. His educa-
tional advantages were meagre, yet, through patient study of the
Bible, he became well versed in the Book. He was a contractor,
and erected, in 1838, the stone church now standing in Germany
Valley.

He was united in marriage with Catherine (nee Long) Lutz, mem-
bers of the Church of the Brethren, living in Germany Valley. To
them were born eight children, — Jacob, John, Andrew, Catherine,
Samuel, Mary, Ann, and David.

It is probable that he united with the Church of the Brethren in the
Aughwick congregation. Here he was called to the ministry. Inas-
much as he was able to speak in either the German or English lan-
guage fluently, he went through the churches in Western Pennsyl-
vania, Ohio, Indiana, and Maryland on preaching tours. He was
bishop of the home congregation for many years. He died August
8, 1876. Interment in the Germany Valley Cemetery.

SPANOGLE, Andrew, Junior, third of eight children of Andrew
and Catherine (nee Lutz) Spanogle, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop, was born near Newton Hamilton,
Huntingdon County, (Pa.), in 1822. His education consisted in
what the Shirleysburg common school afforded at that day. He
engaged in farming, mercantile and milling business during his
lifetime.

He was united in marriage with Sarah, daughter of Daniel and
Elizabeth (nee Mathias) Bare, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, and to them were born ten children, — Elizabeth, who married

528

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

ho
ed

Martin D. Barndollar; Albert, Man-, Daniel, Almira, w
William J. Yeager ; Edwin, Annie C., Adella, who marri
Bender ; Flora, and Harry.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Aughwick congre-
gation, in 1840; the Dry Valley con-
gregation called him to the deacon's
office, in 1868; to the ministry, in
1870, and, later had him ordained.
Me was the originator and prime
mover in the establishment of a
home for old people in Middle Dis-
trict. He attended many District
Meetings and frequently went to
General Conference, representing his
congregation at different times.

He died June 28, 1919. Funeral
conducted by William J. Swigart ;
interment in Mt. Rock Cemetery, near Lewistown, (Pa.).

married
Edward

SPANOGLE, Harry A., ninth of ten children of Andrew, Junior,
and Sarah (nee Bare) Spanogle, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop for many
years, was born near Loysbnrg,
(Pa.), July 6, 1865. He received a
common school education, and has
made his living in various pursuits, —
farming, milling and baking.

He was united in marriage with
Annie, daughter of John M. and
Amanda (nee Floover) Mohler,
members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop, the union
being solemnized by John M. Mohler,
March 30, 1893. The bride had at-
tended the Mifflin County schools,
Lewistown Academy, and Brethren's
Normal, at Huntingdon, (Pa.). In
1887, she united with the Church of the Brethren, while attending
Juniata College. She has taught a Sunday-school class since 1892,
and served as president and vice-president of the Lewistown Aid
Society. To this union three children have been born, — John Paul,
Lois Catherine, and Joseph Harry.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Dry Valley con-
gregation, baptism being administered by John M. Mohler, September
25, 1892. This congregation called him to the ministry, June 3, 1894;
and the Lewistown City congregation had him ordained, through the
laying on of hands by Walter S. Long and John C. Swigart, Decem-
ber 19, 1916. He has represented his congregation at District Meet-
ing, often, and at General Conference, three times. He has been
superintendent or teacher in the Sunday-school since September 26,
1892; was the first superintendent of Sunday-school in the city of

529

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Lewistown, — then called the Toll Gate school. Up until June, 1915,
when a pastor was secured, he did most of the preaching in the
Lewistown Church. For two years he served Shamokin and Mt.
Carmel missions for the Mission Board of Eastern District of Penn-
sylvania. During 1898, he was pastor in Harrisburg, (Pa.) ; served
as bishop of Tyrone congregation one year; vice-president of the
Sunday-school Association of Middle District, (Pa.), for 1913; mem-
ber of the District Mission Board. 1913-18. and placed back on the
Board for live years, in 1924. His address is Lewistown, (Pa.).

■

SPAXOGLE, Jacob, son of Andrew Spanogle, was born in Germany
Valley, Huntingdon County, (Pa.), on November 13, 1814. In his
early life he was engaged in the tanning business, first in Rosebury,
Perry County, (Pa.), and later was a partner of the North American
Tannery, at Lewistown, (Pa.). When he moved to Philadelphia,
about 1865, he was a dealer in leather.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, when twenty-five years
old. "As his life advanced, he manifested more zeal for the cause
of Christ, ever anxious and ardent in the service of the Master. ] le
served honorably and efficiently as minister for thirty years," — nine-
teen of these in Huntingdon and Perry Counties. In 1865, he moved
to Philadelphia, where he served the church for eleven years. Dur-
ing these years, "his house was often a home for the homeless. Mis
door was one from which the poor and needy were not turned away

empty."

He was returning home from a business trip of about two weeks.
In the city, as he approached a street car to go home, he fell down
unconscious, — was picked up and taken to the Philadelphia hospital,
and then removed to his home. Though he suffered much, he never
murmured. He died, from heart disease, April 19, 1876. Funeral
services were conducted by Isaac Price, assisted by Jacob T. Myers,
and " his body was laid to rest among the fathers of the church in
America." *

SPAXOGLE, John, one of three sons of George Spanogle, who,
with his family, migrated from Holland to America some time before
the Revolutionary War. They landed in Baltimore, where, soon
after, the husband died. Two of the sons went south. John and his
widowed mother came to Huntingdon County, (Pa.), where John
married. Afterwards, they settled at Warriors Mark (then called
Spruce Creek). He served in the army during the Revolutionary
Wrar, returned, prospered in farming until he owned three farms.

His mother married Nearhoof, at Warriors Mark. To John

and his wife were born ten children, namely, — Elizabeth, who mar-
ried Joshua Cox ; Mary, who married Jacob Buck ; Nancy, who mar-
ried David Burket; and Catherine, who married Stevenson.

Andrew was the only son who located near home. The other five
are not known.

John united with the Church of the Brethren, in Warriors Mark

* Taken from J. P. Hotrick's " In Memory," Primitive Christian, 1876, page 315.

530

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

congregation, was called to the ministry there, and perhaps was the
hrst minister in that congregation. He died at the age of 93.

SPANOGLE, John, one of eight children of Andrew and Catherine
Spanogle, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born near
Newton Hamilton, Mifflin County, (Pa.), November 25, 1816. He
received but a common school education, and pursued farming for a
living.

He was united in marriage with Catharine, daughter of George and
Rebekah Myers, January 31, 1839. To them were born seven chil-
dren,— George M., William L., Rebekah J., Catharine, Mary Ann,
Amanda L. and Elizabeth L.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Aughwick con-
gregation, where he spent most of his life. He was called to the
ministry, in 1844, and ordained, October 16, 1871. He died suddenly,
February 4, 1881. James Quinter conducted the funeral services in
the Germany Valley house, where the deceased had preached for over
forty-four years ; interment in the cemetery at the church.

8; *-

SPIDLE, Wiluam Frankun, oldest of eight children of Milton
and Jamina (nee Brown) Spidle, members of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church, was born near Bed-
ford, (Pa.), April 3, 1856. He pre-
pared himself to teach school, and at
sixteen entered upon this profession ;
at twenty-three he had a State Per-
manent Certificate, and in all taught
for thirty years. Besides this, he en-
gaged in salesmanship to some extent.

He was united in marriage with
Mary, daughter of Joseph and Mary
(nee Wineland) Grabill, members of
the Church of the Brethren, living
near Fredericsburg, (Pa.), John W.
Brumbaugh solemnizing the union,
May 22, 1877. To them were born
ten children, reaching maturity, — ■

Adah G., married to Doris Booher ; Wealthy M., married to Clement
Hillegas ; Flora L., married to William L. Shoop ; Irvin W., Eva E.,
married to Herbert Dieterly; Ruth N., married to John A. Shoop;
Virgil G., Miriam A., married to William Halm ; Emerson J., Verna
O., married to Garret Hight.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Clover Creek
congregation, John M. Mohler administering baptism, about 1882.
Soon after, he was called to the deacon's office. The Aughwick con-
gregation called him to the ministry, in 1902, where he served the
church a number of years. Later, he was ordained to the bishopric.
He was pastor in the Geiger Memorial Church, of Philadelphia,
1917 to 1919. He preferred evangelistic work, and was much in
demand. From the time he united with the church until near his
death he was either teacher or superintendent in the Sunday-school.
He died December 19, 1919; funeral services conducted by Emanuel

531

A History of the Church of the Brethren

S. Young. Text, Revelation 22: 14. Interment in Springfield Ceme-
tery, Akron, (O.).

STAYER, Clyde J., second of nine children of Jacob C. and Lydia
J. (nee Brown) Stayer, members of the Church of the Brethren, and

he a bishop, was born near New Enterprise,
(Pa.), September 25, 1890. In addition to
training in public schools, he completed a
course at Juniata College, and received his
A.B., 1916. He has chosen teaching as his
profession, and is at present a member of the
faculty of Juniata College.

He was united in marriage with Cynthia,
daughter of Shields (deceased) and Emma
(nee Prothero) Sloan, members of the Pres-
byterian Church, living in Indiana, (Pa.), the
union being solemnized by Reverend E. M.
Gearhart, August 28, 1919. The bride had
united with her parent's church, in October,
1910. She united with the Church of the
Brethren, baptism being administered by Galen
K. Walker, March 26, 1922. One daughter, Louise Sloan, has blessed
their home.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Woodbury con-
gregation, John R. Stayer administering baptism, January 5, 1902.
In the Huntingdon congregation, he was called to the ministry, May
19, 1915. The following June 13, he was installed into office, John
H. Cassady officiating. Because he has made teaching his calling, he
does not exercise so much in the ministry. His address is Hunting-
don, (Pa.).

STAYER, David A., youngest of six children of Jacob and Eliza
Stayer, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born in Hope-
well Township, Bedford Countv,
(Pa.), October 23, 1860. His father
died when he was about four years
old, and David stayed at home from
school to help his mother with the
farm. He did not attend school after
he was fifteen years old. He has
been a successful farmer during his
lifetime.

He was united in marriage with
Katherine Bechtel, February, 1890.
To this union four children were
born, and one survives.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Yellow Creek con-
gregation, David S. Clapper admin-
istering baptism, in 1880. The same congregation called him to the
deacon's office, in the spring of 1885; called to the ministry, April,
1891, but it was due to the influence and prayers of his wife and

532

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

mother that he accepted, one year later. He was advanced to the
second degree, June 13, 1896; and ordained, through the laying on
of hands by James A. Sell and Henry B. Brumbaugh, August 20,
1897. He had the oversight of the Everett congregation, 1899-04;
of Raven Run, 1899-05; of Yellow Creek, since 1907. He has repre-
sented his congregation many times at District Meeting; nine times
at Annual Meeting, and served on Standing Committee, in 1914. He
was made member of the committee to visit Juniata College, and
served until the General Education Board was created. He has been
a Sunday-school teacher for thirty years, officiated at many love-
feasts, ministered in many sick rooms, married many couples, and
preached many funerals and baptized a great many applicants for
church membership. He resides in the township in which he was
born. Address, Yellow Creek, (Pa.).

STAYER, Jacob C, third of eleven children (nine of whom grew to

maturity) of Daniel S. and Mary (nee Replogle) Stayer, members of

the Church of the Brethren, was born

near Woodbury, (Pa.) February 15,

1860. He attended the public schools

of Woodbury, one term at Juniata

College, and followed teaching until

he married. Then he engaged in

farming until one year before his

death, when the family moved into a

new home in Woodbury.

He was united in marriage with
Lydia, daughter of Abram S. and
Susan (nee Keifer) Brown, members
of the Church of the Brethren, living
near Woodbury, (Pa.), the union
being solemnized by Jacob K. Brown,
January 5, 1888. The bride had

united with the Church of the Brethren, July 22, 1877, and was a
worker in the Sunday-school all her life. To this union were born
eight children living to maturity, — Mary Edna, who married Lester
H. Holsinger; Jacob Clyde, Grace Brown, who married Foster Stat-
ler; Lydia Alice, Martha Catherine, Lois Naomi, Paul Brown, and
Wilbur Emmert.

He united with the Church of the Brethren in the Woodbury con-
gregation, baptism being administered by John B. Replogle on No-
vember 25, 1877. The New Enterprise congregation called him to
the deacon's office August 2, 1890. The Woodbury congregation
called him to the ministry, April 3, 1893, and, on the 23rd following,
he was installed, Jacob Koontz officiating; also, on April 13, 1907,
through the laying on of hands by James A. Sell and John B. Brum-
baugh, had him ordained. He represented his congregation at Dis-
trict Meeting twelve times; at General Conference, three times. He
was a teacher in the Sunday-school about forty-eight years ; was
treasurer of the District Sunday-school organization from its begin-
ning, in 1898, until his daughter Grace succeeded him in 1923; was
trustee and treasurer of the Home at Martinsburg for eleven years;

533

A History of the Church of the Brethren

and member of the Child Rescue Board of the District for a number
ofo years. He died January 22, 1924. Tobias T. Myers conducted
his funeral service. Phil. 1:21. Interment in Dry Hill cemetery,
near Woodburv, (Pa.). The wife followed her husband July
12, 1924.

STAYER, Jesse L., oldest of four children of George R. and Hattie
(nee Dillon) Stayer, was born in Altoona (Pa.), May 6, 1893. His

mother was a member of the Methodist Epis-
copal church. The father did not unite with
the Church of the Brethren until 1902, in a
meeting held by Emanuel S. Young. Five
years later he was called to the deacon's office.
The family moved to Morrison's Cove, between
Woodbury and Roaring Spring, in August,
1901, just after the death of the mother, July
27, 1901. Jesse graduated from Juniata Col-
lege preparatory department in 1917; was prin-
cipal of Taylor Township High School two
years, and then returned to Juniata, where he
received his A.B. degree, 1922. He taught in
the Huntingdon High School, 1922-24.

He united with the Church of the Brethren
in the Woodbury congregation, baptism being
administered by John R. Stayer, February 3, 1906. Here he was
called to the ministry, in the spring of 1914, but not installed until
January 2, 1916, George S. Myers officiating. He is at present assist-
ant instructor in Mediaeval History in Pennsylvania University, and
continuing his further preparation for the teaching profession and
for church work. His address is Curryville, (Pa.).

STAYER, John ReplogeE, second of eleven children of Daniel S.
and Mary (nee Replogle) Stayer, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born in Woodburv,
(Pa.), August 14, 1858. He had the
opportunities of a common school
education, and made his living on
the farm.

He was united in marriage with
Esther, daughter of Rinehart S. and
Mary (nee Brumbaugh) Replogle,
members of the Woodbury Church,
living in Woodbury, the union being
solemnized by Jacob Miller, Febru-
ary 3, 1884. She united with the
Church of the Brethren, in 1875. To
them were born three children, —
Elsie, Delia, and Rena.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the New Enterprise congregation, Stephen H. Bashor
administering baptism, on December 25, 1876. The Clover Creek
congregation called him to the ministry, August 13, 1887, Joseph Z.

534

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Replogle officiating. The second Sunday after installation he
preached in the Albright house, from Ephesians 5 : 14. In the Al-
bright house he was advanced to the second degree, April 2, 1892;
here served in the ministry thirteen years. The Woodbury congre-
gation, through the laying on of hands by James A. Sell and John
B. Brumbaugh, had him ordained, April 13, 1907. He was the
bishop of the Woodbury congregation from the date of his ordination
till April 19, 1924, and then, by unanimous vote, was made Senior
Bishop for life. He has represented his congregation seventeen
times at District Meeting, nine times at General Conference, and
served on the Standing Committee, at Hershey, (Pa.), 1915. He has
been a teacher in the Sunday-school for over forty-five years ; was a
member of the District Mission Board for five years ; held two
revivals in the Albright house, and forty-nine were added to the
church. His address is Curry ville, (Pa.).

STEELE, Jacob, whose parents were members of the Reformed
Church, was born in Hopewell Township, Bedford County, (Pa.),
March 4, 1801. His education was very limited. In early man-
hood he worked at the cooper trade, then turned his attention to
farming, and accumulated considerable estate till the time of his
death.

He was united in marriage with Elizabeth Stone, January 30, 1825.
She was born October 3, 1805. To them were born ten children, —
John (deceased), Hannah, who married Henry Clapper; Mary, who
married Daniel Hershberger ; Samuel, Abraham, David, Rachel,
who married Christian Snowberger ; Isaac, Elizabeth, who married
Samuel Ritchey; and George. The wife died September 29, 1883.
Jacob married again, this time to Kathren (nee Leach) Miller, on
December 4, 1883.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Snake Spring
congregation. Here he was called to the ministry, and became the
first English preacher of the church in the community. Here, also,
he was ordained. In all, he served the church in the ministry about
sixty years, of which time he had oversight of the Yellow Creek
congregation for a number of years.

His charities took an unusual turn, as is seen in these instances,
still related by those who knew him. A member of the Reformed
Church having lost a cow, came to Brother Steele with a subscription
paper. When he saw what it was, he tramped it under his foot, as
he said, " Down in my barnyard are nineteen cows. Go down and
take the best one, and say no more about it." Another asked to buy,
on credit, a wagon Brother Steele was not using. He said, " Take
the wagon ; there will be no bill. The Scriptures teach, ' He that
hath two coats, let him impart to him that hath none.' " In another
instance, when a neighbor's house burned, Broher Steele bought the
lumber and delivered it on the ground for a new house, and refused
any pay.

He traveled over large territory, even into other states, but his
main interest was the upbuilding of his home congregation. He
died July 25, 1890. William Ritchey preached his funeral. Inter-
ment in Yellow Creek Cemetery.

535

A History of the Church of the Brethren

STEELE, William McClEllan, sixth of twelve children of
Abraham and Sarah Anna (nee Gorsuch) Steele, members of the

Church of the Brethren, was born
near Yellow Creek, Bedford County,
(Pa.), September 11, 1864. He took
advantage of common schools, and
attended a few summer normals ;
taught twenty-one terms of public
school ; worked four years in the car
shops, six years more as car inspector
at Mt. Dallas, (Pa.). In 1908, he
moved to Everett, and worked at the
carpenter trade.

He was united in marriage with
Henrietta Margaret, the daughter of
Robert and Martha (nee Mellott)
McClellan, the husband a member of
the Baptist Church, and the mother
of the Church of the Brethren, the union being solemnized by John
Rush, September 27, 1885. To them were born eight children, — Ocy
E., Nona Maude, Alice F., Nellie G., Delia M., Edith iR., Robert A.,
and Ruth E.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Yellow Creek
congregation, Solomon S. Buckolew administering baptism, in 1880.
Here he was called to the ministry, May 26, 1907. The subject of his
first sermon was, " God Calling the Young." The Yellow Creek
congregation advanced him to the second degree, October, 1908; and,
through the laying on of hands by David A. Stayer and William S.
Ritchey, the Everett congregation had him ordained, in 1914. He
has represented his congregation at District Meeting twice, and at
General Conference, three times. He served as superintendent of
the Sunday-school in the Yellow Creek congregation, in Everett, and
in Nanty-Glo. At the latter place, in Cambria County, (Pa.), he was
the first superintendent. His address is Everett, (Pa.).

STEINBERGER, Albert C, one of ten children of Jacob and Lydia

(nee Long) Steinberger, members of the
Lutheran Church, was born in Mifflin County,
(Pa.), May 16, 1845. He received a common
school education, and has made his living
farming.

He was united in marriage with Henrietta,
daughter of Moses and Sarah Miller, the union
being solemnized in 1864, by Reverend Smith,
of the Methodist Episcopal Church. To them
were born nine children, of whom the follow-
ing are living, — Ollie, who married Oliver Ort ;
Sarah, Emma, who married Robert Glosson ;
Ruth, who married Charles Sterrett; Florence,
and Moses.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Dry Valley congregation, William Howe

536

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

administering baptism, in 1863. Here he was called to the deacon's
office, in 1870; to the ministry, in 1878; and, through the laying on of
hands by James A. Sell and John B. Miller, ordained, in 1912. He
has represented his congregation twice at District Meeting and once
at Annual Meeting. For four years he superintended the Dry Valley
Sunday-school. He has held evangelistic meetings in Centre, Snyder,
and Juniata Counties. His address is Lewistown, (Pa.).

STEINBERGER, Samuel J., second of seven children of Jacob
and Eliza (nee Baird) Steinberger, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born near Maitland,
(Pa.), March 30, 1875. He had the
advantage of common schools and
five terms at Juniata College. He
has made his living on the farm and
teaching school.

He was united in marriage with
Clara C, daughter of Samuel G. and
Rebecca E. (nee Rainey) Rupert,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, and he a minister, the union
being solemnized by Harry Spanogle,
June 8, 1899. To them were born
five children, — Rupert, Maybelle,
Kathryn, Samuel, and Darwin.

They both united with the Church
of the Brethren, in the Dry Valley congregation, in September, 1899.
Samuel J. Swigart administering baptism. Here he was called to the
ministry, May 17, 1905; and, through the laying on of hands by
Samuel J. and John C. Swigart, he was ordained, May 17, 1919. He
has represented his congregation at District Meeting six times ; and
General Conference, twice. He has had oversight of the home con-
gregation since January 1, 1924. He has been very active in Sunday-
school work, serving both as superintendent and teacher. His ad-
dress is Lewistown, (Pa.).

STOUT, Alexander McKimjp, old-
est of six children of the family of
John F. and Margaret (nee McKil-
lip) Stout, was born near Liberty,
(Ind.), March 18, 1888. He had the
privileges of the Liberty High School,
Manchester College, where he re-
ceived his A.B. in 1912; and Juniata
School of Theology, where he re-
ceived his B.D. in 1924. He has also
done postgraduate work in Univer-
sity of Chicago.

He was united in marriage with

Ella Mae, daughter of Eli and

Catharine Cottrell, of Pyrmont,

(Ind.), on October 12, 1888, the

537

A History of the Church of the Brethren

bride's brother, D. Owen, officiating. To them have been born two
children.

In the Four Mile congregation, of Indiana, during a revival con-
ducted by Dorsey Hodgson, he united with the Church of the
Brethren, through baptism administered by Cornelius C. Petry, on
March 10, 1905. For five years he was superintendent of the
Sunday-school at Sebring, (Fla.), where the family lived. On May
10, 1922, the Huntingdon congregation called him to the ministry.
He at once became active ; accepted a week-end pastorate at Beech
Run, where he served one year. He represented his congregation at
District and General Conferences, in 1924. September 1, 1923, he
entered upon the pastorate of the Aughwick congregation. This
church, through the laying on of hands by John C. Swigart and
Tobias T. Myers, had him ordained, May 31, 1924. He was given
oversight of the congregation, October 19, 1924. His address is
Orbisonia, (Pa.).

STRALEY, David, sixth of eight children of William and Harriet
(nee Smith) Straley, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near New Enterprise, (Pa.), February 17, 1849. He received
a common school education, and made his living blacksmithing. In
the spring of 1883, he moved to Nebraska, where he met with an
accident that cost his life.

He was united in marriage with Leah Steinman. To them were
born three chlidren, — Albert, Rosie, Myrtle (deceased). Rosie was
later married to William Hughes.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the New Enterprise
congregation, in the spring of 1878, baptism being administered by
Stephen H. Bashore. This congregation called him to the ministry,
October 14, 1878. His death occurred August 20, 1882, and he lies
buried near Exeter, (Neb.).

STUCKEY, Levi Titter, fifth of seven children of Josiah and
Susannah (nee Teeter) Stuckey, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born near New Enterprise,
(Pa.), September 11, 1858. He has spent his
active life on the farm. When young, he took
advantage of the common school. He is living
a retired life in New Enterprise.

He was united in marriage with Rachel,
daughter of Christian and Elizabeth (nee
Paul) Holsinger, members of the Church of
the Brethren, the union being solemnized by
Jacob Miller, October 24, 1878. To them were
born seven children, — Pauline, Preston, Jacob,
Morris, Susan (deceased), Alma (deceased),
and Huldah E.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the New Enterprise congregation, baptism
being administered by Henry Hershberger, in
1876. This congregation called him to the ministry, March 8, 1884,
and, through the laying on of hands by James A. Sell and Samuel

538

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

J. Swigart, had him ordained, September 4, 1897. He often repre-
sented his congregation at District Meeting, and six times at General
Conference. For forty-four years he has served in the Sunday-
school as teacher or superintendent. He confined his activities en-
tirely to his home congregation. Address is New Enterprise, (Pa.).

SWAYNE, George: W., son of George H. Swayne, a member of the
Church of the Brethren, was born and raised in Aughwick Valley.
Here he united with the Church of the Brethren, in his young man-
hood, and was called to the ministry, October 14, 1898; and ordained,
June 12, 1909. About 1922, he thought it right to unite with the
Methodist Episcopal Church, and for a year he preached for them at
Burnt Cabins. He is now engaged in farming. His address is
Shirleysburg, (Pa.).

SWAYNE, PETER L., the oldest of seven children of George and
Mary Swayne, members of the Church of the Brethren, was born in
Germany Valley, near Mt. Union, (Pa.), January 21, 1834. He had
a common school education, and made his living on the farm.

He was united in marriage with Catherine Long, a descendant of
the first minister of the Church of the Brethren in the Aughwick
congregation. To them were born David, Emerson, Laura, and Lucy.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Aughwick con-
gregation, when about twenty-one years old, Andrew Spanogle bap-
tizing him. Here he was called to the ministry, and here he spent
his energies for higher ideals of life than obtained in the church those
days. He helped to remodel the Germany Valley house, and had
signs put up in the church forbidding the use of tobacco in the
house of God. This, with some other difficulties, caused him to sever
his membership for some time ; but, during his last sickness, he was
fully restored. He died peacefully January 18, 1882. James Quinter
conducted his funeral services. Interment in Riverview Cemetery,
Huntingdon, (Pa.).

SWIGART, George Hanawalt,. seventh of nine children of Samuel
and Susanna (nee Hanawalt) Swigart, members of the Church of
the Brethren, was born near McVeytown, (Pa.), January 30, 1834.
He pushed through a common school, attended Kishacoquillas semi-
nary and taught school for forty-three years.

He was united in marriage with Rebecca Jane, daughter of John
and Susannah (nee Ruble) Dunmire, living near McVeytown, (Pa.),
the union being solemnized by William Howe, on March 7, 1867. To
this union were born ten children, as follows : Milton C, Henry E.
(deceased), Franklin H. (deceased), Susanna D., who married
August Johnson; Effie M. (deceased), John W., Charles W., Samuel
L., Clara V. (deceased), and Ralph L.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Spring Run
congregation. Here he spent his life ; was called to the deacon's
office; then to the ministry, October 13, 1871 ; and, through the laying
on of hands by George S. Myers and Walter S. Long, was ordained,
May 30, 1900. He died March 14, 1924. Lawrence Ruble and Wil-

539

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Ham Hanawalt conducted his funeral services. Interment in Spring
Run Cemetery.

SWIGART, John C, fifth of nine children of Christian and Eliza-
beth (nee Robinson) Swigart, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, was born in Oliver Township,
Mifflin County, (Pa.), October 1,
1851. Though reared on the farm, he
made use of every advantage of the
common schools, and attended one
term at Kishacoquillas Seminary, and
one at Juniata College. He has made
his living as school teacher and
surveyor.

He was united in marriage with
Catherine E., daughter of John and
Mary (nee Sheerer) Yoder, the
union being solemnized by Abram
Myers, March 13, 1879. To them
were born three children, — Samuel
C, Wilbur C, and Mary E.
He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Spring Run
congregation, Peter S. Myers administering baptism, April 12, 1872.
This congregation called him to the deacon's office, May 25, 1882; to
the ministry, May, 1887; and, through the laying on of hands by
Walter S. Long and George S. Myers, had him ordained, May 30,
1900. In association with Reuben T. Myers, he has taken part in the
oversight of his home congregation, since March 26, 1910, and, being
the younger of the two, in recent years carried the main part of the
responsibility. He has represented his congregation at District Meet-
ings twenty-eight times ; at Annual Meeting, nine times. He has
always been active in the Sunday-school, and yet never served in
official capacity. His district laid upon him these responsibilities:
Member of the Board of Trustees of the Morrison Cove Home,
since 1906, and secretary of the Board since 1907; Member and
secretary of the Board of Management of the Child Rescue Home
since its organization, in 1918; Reading Clerk of District Meeting for
the years 1902-05; Secretary of the District Meeting, 1905 to 1922,
except 1912 and 1921 ; Member and Missionary Treasurer of the
Sunday-school Board of Middle District since 1912; Member of four
important committees serving in the district ; Member of the Creden-
tial Committee of Annual Meeting of 1921 ; and of Committee of
Arrangements for Hershey Conference of 1918. He served on
Standing Committee at Winona Lake, 1910, and Wichita, 1917. His
home is at Mattawana, (Pa.).

SWIGART, Joseph William, seventh of nine children of Samuel J.
and Elizabeth (nee Rupert) Swigart, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop, was born near Maitland, (Pa.), October
9, 1878. He was a graduate of the Lewistown High School, com-
pleted the Bible course at Juniata College, in 1903, and received his
A.B. from the same institution, in 1904.

540

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He united with the Church of the Brethren, soon after he entered
Juniata College, and here he was called to the ministry, March 2,
1903. Due to the influence of Wilbur B. Stover, when home on his
first furlough from India, he decided to make foreign mission his
life work, and prepared for it. He was accepted by the General Con-
ference of 1904 for India. A few weeks before sailing for his chosen
field, he took sick with typhoid fever, and passed beyond, October 19,
The other members of the missionary party, on their way to New
York, stopped to attend the funeral of their fellow appointee. He is
buried at Spring Run Cemetery.

SWIGART, Milton Clarke, first of ten children of George Hana-
walt and Rebecca (nee Dunmire) Swigart, members of the Church
of the Brethren, and he a bishop, was
born near McVeytown, (Pa.), De-
cember 28, 1868. He was reared on
the farm, attended common school
and one term at Bucknell Academy,
Lewistown, (Pa.), and finished Jun-
ior year in the Normal English
course at Juniata, in 1898. He taught
public school for nineteen years.

He was united in marriage with
Anna, third daughter and ninth child
of Levi and Rebecca (nee Clinger)
Swigart, the union being solemnized
by J. Allen Myers, December 29,
1891. She united with the Church
of the Brethren in 1888, in the Spring

Run congregation. On account of death of her parents, her school
work ended when she was fifteen years old. Nevertheless, she read
her Bible through once a year for the last six years of her life ; was
teacher of a women's Sunday-school class with a membership of 75 ;
was president of the Sisters' Aid Society, the Mother's Society, and
superintendent of the Home Department and Cradle Roll of her
home congregation. She also served five years as president of the
Sisters' Aid Society of Southeastern Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and
Eastern New York District; and was president of the Aid Societies
for the Brotherhood of the Church of the Brethren, from 1915 till
her death. She represented her congregation six times at District
Conference, and four times at General Conference. To Brother and
Sister Swigart was born one daughter, Esther. The wife died
January 7, 1923.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Spring Run
congregation, Reuben T. Myers administering baptism, June 21, 1888.
Here he was called to the ministry, June 8, 1894; while in the Ger-
mantown congregation (Phila.), he was ordained, through the laying
on of hands by Jesse P. Hetric and Abram L. Grater, May 10, 1912.
He has represented his congregation twenty-five times at District
Meeting and fifteen times at General Conference. In his own state
district he has been a member of the District Mission Board since
the organization of the district, in 1911; secretary of the District

541

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Ministerial Board for ten years ; was District Sunday-school secre-
tary of Middle District of Pennsylvania, 1904 to 1906; has served as
member of the General Temperance and Purity Board for ten years ;
as moderator of District Meeting of Southeastern Pennsylvania, New
Jersey and Eastern New York, five times, and represented his district
on Standing Committee at Winona Lake, (Ind.), in 1913 and 1916,
and at Sedalia, (Mo.), 1920. He has been pastor of the German-
town congregation, (Phila.), for nineteen years, and witnessed the
growth of the membership from less than 50 to over 400. He was
superintendent of Sunday-school for fifteen years, and teacher ever
since a member of the church. He has held sixty-six revivals, with
872 confessions. He has had the oversight of all four of the Phila-
delphia churches at one time, and is at present bishop over four
congregations. His address is 6611 Germantown Avenue, Phila-
delphia, (Pa.).

SWIGART, Samuel J., oldest of nine children of Christian and
Elizabeth (nee Robinson) Swigart, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born near McVey-
town, (Pa.), October 3, 1843. He
had but a common school education,
and made his living at farming and
carpentering.

He was united in marriage with
Elizabeth, daughter of John and
Martha (nee Wakefield) Rupert, the
union being solemnized by Joseph R.
Hanawalt, October 19, 1865. To
them were born nine children, as
follows : Martha E., Mary J., Rhoda
M., Ella V., John G., Christian H.,
James W., Carrie R., and Esther C.
He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Spring Run congre-
gation, about 1860; here was called to the ministry, May 25, 1869,
and later, in the Dry Valley congregation, ordained. He represented
his congregation at District Meeting thirteen times, and often at
General Conference; served as a member of the Standing Committee
at Burlington Park, (111.), 1898; at Bellefontaine, (O.), 1903. He
served as bishop, both in the Dry Valley congregation and the
Lewistown (city) congregation. He was an ardent Sunday-school
advocate. He died May 21, 1921. Interment in Spring Run
Cemetery.

SWIGART, Wilbur C, the second of three children of John C. and
Catherine (nee Yoder) Swigart, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and the father a bishop for many years, was born at
Strodes Mills, (Pa.), March 21, 1890. Besides public school train-
ing, he attended Juniata College about two years. He has since been
engaged in farming.

He was united in marriage with Blanche, the daughter of John M.
and Martha (nee Rupert) Rhodes, the union being solemnized by

542

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the father of the bridegroom on June 30, 1912. The bride had united
with the Church of the Brethren, November 7, 1907, in the Spring
Run congregation, and has had the
advantages of public schools in her
training for life. To them were born
seven children, three, Catherine and
Martha (twins), and Harold, (de-
ceased) ; Mary E., John C, George
M., and Ruth E., living.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Spring Run con-
gregation, his father baptizing him,
on the same date his wife was bap-
tized. This congregation called him
to the ministry, November 30, 1920.
Three times he has represented his
congregation at District Meeting. He
has been a regular Sunday-school
worker, teaching a class in recent years,
town, (Pa.).

His address is McVey-

SWIGART, William Joseph, fourth of nine children, four of whom
lived to manhood, — three of them ministers, — of the family of Chris-
tian and Elizabeth (nee Robinson)
Swigart, members of the Church of
the Brethren, was born in the old
cottage, along Jacks Mountain, three
miles below Spring Run Church,
Mifflin County, (Pa.), March 19,
1850. His father had the misfortune
of being blind the greater part of his
life. William turned his attention to
education and, after passing through
the public schools of his day, attended
McVeytown Academy, Kishacoquillas
Seminary, and the National School
of Oratory. He engaged in teaching
in the public schools, 1868 to 1876;
in Juniata College, 1880 to 1920.
He spent 1877-1880 in the Primitive Christian office.

He was united in marriage with Carrie M., daughter of Samuel
and Rebecca (nee Mattern) Miller, James Quinter solemnizing the
union, July 11, 1882. The bride was born at Seven Stars, in Hunt-
ingdon County, (Pa.), May 12, 1854. She took advantage of the
common schools, and did some work in Juniata College preparatory
department. She confessed Christ by uniting with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Dry Valley congregation, baptism being administered
by Samuel J. Swigart, in the spring of 1874. (This was the admin-
istrator's first baptism.) She and David Emmert founded the
Orphans' Home in Huntingdon. To Brother and Sister Swigart
were born three sons, Emmert and Paul growing to maturity.

While in the Spring Run congregation, he united with the Church

543

A History of the Church of the Brethren

of the Brethren, baptism being administered by Peter S. Myers, on
April 19, 1873. This congregation called him to the ministry, at a
lovefeast in the autumn of 1876, but he was not installed until May,
1877. The Huntingdon congregation, through the laying on of hands
by James A. Sell and one other, had him ordained, November 14,
1891. Although making a living teaching and helping build up Juni-
ata College, preaching was his preferred work, as is seen in the fol-
lowing: Preacher and pastor of Ardenheim congregation since 1877.
During this time he made over 1,200 pastoral calls, officiated at bap-
tisms, marriages, and funerals of the community, even to the second
and third generations. Preached over 4,000 times. Besides, he was
supply pastor of First Church of Philadelphia, for about five years;
held a number of evangelistic meetings, between 1880 and 1910; fig-
ured largely in the preaching in the Huntingdon congregation during
thirty years' time, during which he baptized many students, as well
as applicants from Ardenheim, — in all, about six hundred persons ;
preached the dedication sermon of twenty-six different churches,
thirteen of which were in his own district. His congregation had
him represent them about thirty times at District Meeting, and
between the years of 1904 and 1923, inclusive, the District Meeting
chose him secretary four times, and moderator seventeen times. He
served on the Standing Committee of General Conference at Lincoln,
(Neb.), 1901; Los Angeles, (Calif.), 1907; Winona Lake, (Ind.),
1913 and 1916, besides representing his home congregation about ten
times. He has served on the Peace Committee since 1916, was chair-
man of the Central Service Committee during the war, and had
charge of all camp visitation and interviews with the War Depart-
ment. His home is near the college where he spent the best years
of his life.

TAYLOR, Mrs. Madilin Boorse, oldest of six children of Isaiah S.
and Josephine (nee Rahn) Boorse, members of the Church of the
Brethren, was born at Pottstown, (Pa.), April 21, 1899. She com-
pleted the Arts course at Juniata College, in 1923.

She was united in marriage with Joseph E. Taylor, son of Rich-
ard M. and Eliza (nee Corle) Taylor, of Alum Bank, (Pa.), the
union being solemnized at the home of the bride's parents, by Aubrey
A. Coffman, on June 11, 1924.

She united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Coventry con-
gregation, (S. E. Pa.), November 9, 1913. Here she was called to
the ministry, April 6, 1923. Her ministerial labors have been mostly
in revival meetings. She has been active in Sunday-school work.
Address, Alum Bank, (Pa.).

TEETER, Benjamin Y. S., a minister, with his family, moved from
North Fork congregation, (W. Va.), and located in the Glendale
arm of the Artemas congregation. He, with the members who lo-
cated with him, built up the cause until, in 1922, the Glendale house
was erected. His address is Flintstone, (Pa.).

VAN DYKE, Archibald, sixth of ten children of Archibald and
Mary (nee Leinbach) Van Dyke, members of the Presbyterian

544

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Church, was born near Milton, Northumberland County, (Pa.),
August 1, 1830. He was reared on the farm, had the opportunities
of public school, and made his living
farming.

He was united in marriage with
Esther, daughter of Samuel and
Susannah (nee Hanawalt) Swigart,
members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, living at McVeytown, (Pa.), the
union being solemnized by John
Span ogle, December 18, 1881. To
them were born fifteen children. The
bride had united with the Church of
the Brethren, in 1852, in the Spring
Run congregation. Visiting the sick
and winning souls for Christ were
outstanding features of her life.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Spring Run congregation, in 1854, John Spanogle
administering baptism. Here he was called to the deacon's office, in
1856; to the ministry, in 1859, and later ordained. He represented
his congregation at District Meeting five times, and at General Con-
ference seven times. He was thoroughly missionary and evangelistic
in his work for the church.

He died May 4, 1917, in the home of his daughter, Lizzie Van Dyke
Miller, at Holmesville, (Neb.), where he spent his declining years.
Jacob S. Dell conducted his funeral services. Interment in South
Beatrice Church Cemetery.

VAN DYKE, Irvin C, thirteenth of fifteen children of Archibald
and Esther (nee Swigart) Van Dyke, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop, was born near Lewistown, (Pa.), Febru-
ary 2, 1873. Besides the public school, he pushed through Juniata
College, graduating as follows: B.E., 1900; M.E., 1092; A.B., 1906,
and spent two years in post graduate work in Chicago University.
His twenty-four years of teaching include two years of English
teaching in Porto Rico, and nine years of Social Science in the High
School of Pocatello, Idaho.

He was united in marriage with Sara, daughter of Thomas and
Mary (nee Hoffman) Hope, Coatesville, (Pa.), members of the
Presbyterian Church, the union being solemnized by John B.
Brumbaugh, on June 27, 1907. To them were born four chil-
dren,— Irvin Cloyd, Jr., Vernon Brumbaugh, Stuart Hope, and
Sara Jane.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the North Beatrice
congregation, (Neb.), baptism being administered by his father, June
20, 1883. The Huntingdon congregation, (Pa.), called him to the
ministry, July 9, 1902. He was District Secretary of the Middle
Pennsylvania Sunday-schools, 1903 to 1906. Within that period he
dedicated a union church within the bounds of the Claar congrega-
tion, and was one of a party of six sent out by the Pennsylvania
State Sabbath School Association, to conduct two-day Sunday-school

545

A. History of the Church of the Brethren

Institutes in forty-seven counties of the State. His address, Winona
Lake, (Ind.).

VAN HORN, Daniel Morgart, fifth of seven children of John M.
and Hannah (nee Swartzwelder) Van Horn, members of the Luth-
eran Church, was born near Rains-
burg, (Pa.), June 30, 1861. Though
reared on the farm, through attend-
ing common and private schools he
prepared himself to teach, and pur-
sued that vocation during his early
life. The latter part was spent on
the farm.

He was united in marriage with
Susie, the daughter of William S. and
Sarah (nee Snowberger) Ritchey, the
union being solemnized by John B.
Fluck, May 15, 1887. To them were
born three children, — Ellis W. and G.
Marshall, of New Enterprise, (Pa.),
and Sara, married to Atlee L. Cowan.
He was, in his young manhood, a member of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church, but, after his marriage, he united with the Church of
the Brethren, in Snake Spring Valley congregation, baptism being
administered by David Dilling, in 1891. Here he was called to the
ministry, June 8, 1895, and, through the laying on of hands by John
Bennett and David A. Stayer, he was ord'ained, July 20, 1908. He
represented his congregation at District Meeting eight times; at Gen-
eral Conference, three times. He organized the first Sunday-school
in the new church of the Snake Spring Valley congregation, and gave
his undivided efforts to the development of his home congregation,
over which he was made bishop in the spring of 1918. He died
March 19, 1923, from neuralgia of the heart. George E. Yoder and
Ira Holsopple conducted the funeral services. Interment in the
Ritchey Cemetery.

ULRICH, William Martin, third and only son of seven children of
John and Martha (nee Minton) Ulrich, members of the Church of
the Brethren, was born near New Lancaster, Huntingdon County,
(Ind.), October 5, 1875. Besides the common and high school of his
home community, he attended four years at North Manchester,
(Ind.), College, one year at Bethany Bible School, and four years in
Juniata College, where he received his A.B. and B.D. in 1923.

He was united in marriage with Anna A., daughter of John and
Susan (nee Paul) Adams, members of the Church of the Brethren,
the union being solemnized by Henry B. Wike, June 16, 1900. She
spent four years in Manchester College, and one year at Bethany
Bible School, and received her B.S.L. from Manchester College at
the same time her husband received his, in 1911. She united with
the Church of the Brethren, in the Salamonie congregation, Novem-
ber 1, 1899; organized the primary department in her home congre-
gation, and has been a teacher in the Sunday-school ever since.

546

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Salamonie con-
gregation, (Inch), Osias C. Ellis administering baptism, December 1,
1896. Here he was called to the ministry, March 7, 1903. The
Tyrone congregation (M. Pa.) had him ordained, through the laying
on of hands by Harry A. Spanogle and William H. Holsinger,
August 4, 1918. He has represented his congregation seven times at
District Meeting, and five times at General Conference. He has been
active as superintendent or teacher in the Sunday-school. He has
served as pastor as follows: Green, (la.), September, 1915-16; Ster-
ling, (111.), October, 1916-17; Tyrone, (Pa.), January 1, 1918, to
August 1, 1921. He began a pastorate at Norristown, (Pa.), Novem-
ber 23, 1924. His address is 717 Harris Ave., Norristown, (Pa.).

WAKEFIELD, Robert M., one of six children of Eli and Mary
Wakefield, members of the Quaker faith, was born in Hill Valley,
not far from Shirley sburg, (Pa.),
February 29, 1836. He was reared
on the farm, and received but a com-
mon school education.

He was united in marriage with
Mary, daughter of George and Mary
(nee Long) Swine, in 1858. The
bride was a granddaughter of Peter
Long. To them were born eight
children, of whom the following are
living: Eli, Albert, John, and Lloyd.

He united with the Church of the
Brethren, in the Aughwick congrega-
tion, Abram Funk administering bap-
tism, about 1858. Here, at the
Germany Valley house, he was called

first to the deacon's office, and then to the ministry, May 4, 1872,
and, in 1883 or '84, ordained. He often attended District Meet-
ing, and twice represented his congregation at General Conference.
He died March 18, 1910. Funeral
services conducted by William J.
Swigart. Interment in Germany
Valley Cemetery.

WALKER, Gal^n Knepper, seventh
in a family of thirteen children of
Bishop Daniel H. and Mary (nee
Knepper) Walker, members of the
Church of the Brethren, was born
near Berlin, Somerset County, (Pa.),
June 15, 1883. He received his edu-
cation in the Somerset County public
schools, Juniata College, where he
received his A.B., in 1923; he is also
a graduate of Crozer Theological

Seminary, Chester, (Pa.). He taught in public and high school, and
for five years served as Assistant Cashier in the First National Bank,

547

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Berlin, (Pa.), and three years as Assistant Treasurer of the Farmers'
Trust and Mortgage Company, Johnstown, (Pa.).

He was united in marriage with Fern Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob
and Susie (nee Studebaker) Coppock, of Tippecanoe City, (O.), the
father of the bride solemnizing the union, on November 28, 1911.
They have three children, — Robert, June, and Ruth.

During a revival meeting conducted by Daniel Stouffer, in the
Brothers Valley congregation, (W. Pa.), he united with the church
by baptism administered by William G. Schrock, in 1893. This con-
gregation called him to the ministry, October 20, 1906, and, through
the laying on of hands by William G. Schrock and William M.
Howe, Walnut Grove congregation had him ordained, May 3, 1914.
He served as pastor of the following congregations : Beechdale, (W.
Pa.), two years; Plum Creek and Glade Run congregations, (W.
Pa.), over three years; Pottstown, (S. E. Pa.), three years; and took
up his present pastorate in Huntingdon, April 1, 1920. He has repre-
sented his home congregation at District Meeting ten times; at Gen-
eral Conference, seven times. He served on Standing Committee at
Winona Lake, (Ind.), in 1916, and Calgary, (Can.), in 1923. In
connection with his pastoral labors, he has held fifteen revival meet-
ings. Address, Huntingdon, (Pa.).

WALTZ, Benjamin Franklin, tenth of eleven children born to
Conrad B. and Mary (nee Helfert) Waltz, gladdened their home in

Rapho Township, Lancaster County,
(Pa.), on May 13, 1889. His father,
by occupation, was a farmer, but died
when Benjamin was two years old.
The mother found it necessary to
move her family to the city of Lan-
caster, and there Benjamin made
good use of the city schools. He
continued his education as follows :
Elizabethtown College, PdB., con-
ferred 1910; Franklin and Marshall,
A.B., 1914, and A.M., 1915; Juniata,
B.D, 1923. During 1914-15 he
taught French and German in Du-
Bois High School, in Clearfield
County, (Pa.).
He was united in marriage with Mary E., daughter of Edward and
Emma (nee Picking) Myers, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, and he a deacon, living in Falling Springs congregation, (S.
Pa.), the union being solemnized by J. Kurtz Miller, on June 3, 1915,
in the Brooklyn (N. Y.) Church. The bride had united with the
Church of the Brethren, in the Elizabethtown congregation, 1908,
Earle E. Eshelman administering baptism. She attended Elizazbeth-
town College and received her B.E., 1910. The next five years she
taught public school in Franklin County, (Pa.). To this union were
born two children, — Paul Kenneth, and Benjamin Franklin, Junior.
Benjamin's father was a member of the United Brethren Church ;
his mother was reared a Roman Catholic, but, at twenty, united with

548

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

the Church of the Brethren. In 1901, when but eleven years old,
Benjamin united with the Church of the Brethren, Tobias F. Imler
administering baptism. As manhood approached, he chose the voca-
tion of a pastor, and prepared himself accordingly. The Lancaster
City Church called him to the ministry, January 14, 1914. Through
the laying on of hands by Daniel K. Walker and William M. Howe,
on July 15, 1916, he was ordained in the Elk Lick congregation of
Western Pennsylvania. In 1915 he became pastor of Salisbury, Gar-
ret and Beech Dale congregations, in Western Pennsylvania. May
3, 1920, he entered upon his pastoral labors in the Twenty-eighth
Street Church of the Brethren in Altoona, where he is administering
to a growing congregation. He represented his District on Standing
Committee at Hershey, (Pa.), 1924. He believes in working as many
of the church activities through the Sunday-school as possible. It is
no surprise, then, to note that at the Sunday-school convention of
Middle Pennsylvania, held at Martinsburg, August 22, 1923, he was
elected for the two-year term on the Sunday-school Board of the
district, and by that Board made its president, 1923-25. In 1924,
he was elected director, for five years, on the Board of Altoona
School of Religious Education, an interdenominational organization
ministering to the sixty different congregations of the city. His
address is Altoona, (Pa.).

WEAVER, Mahi,on J., second of ten children, nine living, three
ministers, of Jacob and Lovina (nee Hoffman) Weaver, members of
the Church of the Brethren, was born near Windber, (Pa.), Septem-
ber 22, 1876. He was reared on the farm, pushed his way through
public school, and graduated from Juniata College, as follows : Nor-
mal English, 1901; Sacred Literature course, 1905; also attended
Western Theological Seminary nearly one year; and Bethany Bible
School (Chicago), one term. He taught public school a little over
five years.

He was united in marriage with Fannie, daughter of William S.
and Sarah (nee Snowberger) Ritchey, members of the Church of the
Brethren, and he a bishop, the union being solemnized by William
J. Swigart, October 31, 1909. She had united with the Church of
the Brethren, at Huntingdon. To them were born three children,—
Fern, Paul, and John. The wife died August 12, 1917. Later he was
united in marriage with Roxie Edith, daughter of Benjamin F. and
Mary (nee Landis) Hankins, members of the Church of the Breth-
ren, this union being solemnized by Emanuel B. Hoff, August 31,
1918. She had united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Flora
congregation, (Ind.), in August, 1903. She completed Flora High
School, in 1906; the Normal English course at North Manchester,
(Ind.), 1908; taught school four years, worked in bank four years,
and attended Bethany Bible School, (111.), four years.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in Scalp Level congre-
gation, (W. Pa.), baptism being administered by Jacob Holsopple,
November 19, 1891. Here he was elected to the ministry, June 13,
installed July 9, and preached his first sermon, July 23, 1899. The
Everett congregation, through the laying on of hands by David A.
Stayer and William S. Ritchey, had him ordained, in 1916. He has

549

A History of the Church of the Brethren

represented his congregation at District Meeting, fourteen times ; at
General Conference, eleven times. He has served as pastor as
follows: Pittsburgh, (Pa.), July 8, 1907, to May 30, 1912; Everett,
(Pa.), June 8, 1912, to December 25, 1917; Roaring Spring, (Pa.),
May 24, 1918, to October, 1921; Elgin, (N. 111.), till March, 1923;
Moxham, (W. Pa.), his present charge, since April, 1924. He has
held over twenty-five revival meetings ; has helped to hold a number
of Bible Institutes ; has been especially successful in Sunday-school
work, as teacher, as president of Bedford County Sunday-school As-
sociation for two years, and of Western and Middle District Sunday-
school Associations each for a term of years. In 1903, the Juniata
Mission Band sent him to Northfield for a ten days' meeting, which
proved very helpful. His address is 653 Park Avenue, Johns-
town, (Pa.).

WEYANT, Samuel, first of nine children of Adolphus and Delia

(nee ) Weyant, members of the Church of the Brethren,

was born near Klahr, (Pa.), December 14,
1895. Besides public school, he has had two
years normal. He makes his living teaching-
public school and in the ministry.

He was united in marriage with Beckie,
daughter of Emanuel and Kettura Walters, the
union being solemnized by James E. Moffatt,
of Cumberland, (Md.), May 23, 1917. To
them was born one son, Kenneth.

He united with the Church of the Brethren,
in the Claar congregation, baptism being ad-
ministered by Andrew M. Dixon, August,
1914. Here he was called to the ministry,
August 29, 1916, and, through the laying on of
hands by James A. Sell and John B. Miller,
ordained, May 30, 1920. He has represented
his congregation at District Meeting several times. He has been a
teacher in the Sunday-school for ten years ; superintendent for three
years. He has administered baptism to 75, including father, mother,
two sisters and three brothers. His address is Claysburg, (Pa.).

WILSON, Roy X., second of eight children of William B. and
Caroline (nee Star) Wilson, members of the Church of the Brethren,
and he a deacon, was born near Three Springs, Huntingdon County,
(Pa.), March 16, 1886. He had the advantages of graduating from
the Normal English course, Juniata College, 1909. He has made his
living mainly by teaching public school, having taught sixteen terms
and seven summers before teaching two years in the Stonerstown
(Pa.) schools.

He was united in marriage with Myra, daughter of Samuel and
Delilah (nee Sollers) Bollinger, the union being solemnized by
George Swayne, June 28, 1911. To them was born one child, — •
Freda May.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Aughwick con-
gregation, John E. Carver administering baptism, March 23, 1902.

550

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Here, in the Hill Valley house, he was called to the ministry, Novem-
ber, 1904, and ordained, by the laying on of hands by Robert Wake-
field and John E. Garver, in March, 1917. He has represented his
congregation at District Meeting, five times, and once at General
Conference. He has been especially active in Sunday-school work,
serving as superintendent of Sunday-school at Stonerstown, 1917-
1923, and conducted three teacher training and ten seal classes. His
address is Saxton, (Pa.).

WILT, ArdiE Em oldest of six children of Joseph W. and Amanda
(nee Wagner) Wilt, was born in Red Bank, Armstrong County,
(Pa.), May 11, 1870. His parents are members of the Church of the
Brethren, and the father a bishop manv vears. After attending
public schools, he spent from 1890 to 1893 in Juniata College. For
twenty-one years he was a traveling salesman, and then accepted the
position of manager of a bakery in the city of Altoona, which posi-
tion he now holds. He is also connected with many business enter-
prises of his home city.

He was united in marriage with Minnie R., daughter of John W.
and Susan (nee Shaw) Ressler, the father solemnizing the union in
James Quinter's home, in Huntingdon, on May 29, 1891. To them
were born one son and three daughters,— Lorna A., Bertha R., J.
Ellis, and Helen K.

While at Juniata College, he united with the Church of the Breth-
ren, William J. Swigart administering baptism, June 27, 1893. The
Altoona congregation called him to the deacon's office, February 22,
1897. He has represented his congregation twenty-one times at Dis-
trict Meeting, and twice at General Conference. He has been, for
his congregation, chairman of the Finance Committee since 1916, and
treasurer of the Building Fund since 1907. He was also chairman of
the building committee which erected the present church structure.
He has served his congregation as Sunday-school superintendent for
thirty years; as church chorister, twenty-five years; among his out-
side activities may be mentioned Sunday-school Secretary of Middle
District of Pennsylvania, 1912-21; District President of the Blair
County Sabbath-school Association; member of the Executive Com-
mittee of the Central Pennsylvania Bible Conference since its organ-
ization; trustee of Juniata College for a number of terms; originator
of the idea and leader in raising the money in the Sunday-schools of
Middle District of Pennsylvania, which put up the $20,000 00 mission
home for Juniata College, and chairman of the Building Committee,
His address is Altoona, (Pa.).

WILT, Joseph WamplKr, fourth of six children of John C. and
Mary (nee Wampler) Wilt, members in the deacon's office of the
Church of the Brethren, was born on a farm near Rural Village,
Armstrong County, (Pa.), July 6, 1846. He had a very limited com-
mon school training, and at sixteen was apprenticed to learn the
carpenter trade. Later, he followed this trade, along with mer-
chandising, until 1874, when he turned his attention to farming.
The latter part of his life has been devoted to mercantile pursuits
and salesmanship.

551

A History of the Church of the Brethren

He was united in marriage with Amanda, daughter of George and
Polly (nee Eckels) Wagner, of Blanco, Armstrong County, (Pa.),
William F. Morgan, pastor of the Rural Village Presbyterian
Church, officiating, on June 10, 1869. Of the six children born to
them, three, Ardie E., Joseph S., and Mrs. Sadie A. Wilt Brum-
baugh, grew to maturity.

When a little past fifteen, in the Cowenshannock congregation,
(W. Pa.), he united with the Church of the Brethren, Louis Kimmel
administering baptism, in August, 1861. This same congregation
called him to the deacon's office, in 1874; to the ministry, July, 1875,
and, on November 5, 1893, in the Altoona congregation, (M. Pa.),
through the laying on of hands by Henry B. Brumbaugh and William
M. Howe, he was ordained. He has represented his congregation
thirty-four times at District Meeting, and nine times at General
Conference.

Tn the ministry, he served the church as follows : Cowenshannock
and Redbank, (W. Pa.), each one year; in Middle Pennsylvania, the
Claar congregation, two years ; Warriors Mark, five years ; Altoona,
nineteen years ; Bellwood Mission and Church, five years ; Juniata
Park, twenty years, and is still serving there. In all this ministry,
the Claar congregation is the only one where he gave full time, and
was supported as a regular pastor. In this congregation he held his
first revival, administered his first baptism, performed his first mar-
riage ceremony, preached his first dedication sermon, and was per-
haps the first supported pastor in the district. While residing in
Warriors Mark, in addition to his duties at home, he opened and
developed the Glenhope Mission. (See Glenhope.) Except his
labors in the Claar congregation, he labored for the different congre-
gations without salary and, accepting his full portion, helped to bear
their financial burdens.

His activity in the Sunday-school is seen, not only in being a
teacher wherever he attended regularly, but he led in the organiza-
tion of the school in Claar, in 1877; in Bellwood, in 1894; in Juniata
Park, in 1904; besides he started schools in East Altoona, West
Altoona, corner of Sixth and Union Avenue, and two in Warriors
Mark territory. He served as superintendent in Claar, Warriors
Mark, Altoona, Bellwood, and Juniata Park schools. As an evangel-
ist, he helped hold a revival in Glade Run, (W. Pa.), in 1875 first,
John B. Wampler and he took turns in preaching; sixteen were bap-
tized. During the winter of 1876, he made his first missionary efforts
in Jefferson County, (W. Pa.), among the lowly living in the forests.
The doctrine he preached was new to the people, but interest was
awakened. In 1877, in Leamersville, Claar, Warriors Mark, and
Riggles Gap, he held meetings with a total ingathering of about
eighty members. He held other meetings during the years of his
activity, with similar blessed results. In 1893, he was elected on the
Old Folks' Home Committee; in 1894, this was succeeded by a board
of trustees, and he was made a member. He is the only living
one of the committee of 1893. He served as trustee till 1900, three
years as solicitor, and three as secretary. He is at present bishop of
Juniata Park congregation, and bearing his full share of the work.

When Altoona (First Church) was erecting her first house, and

552

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

was deeply in debt and greatly perplexed, he, though heavily encum-
bered, took hold, directed the financial campaign, and at the same
time served the congregation in spiritual things without salary. In
fact, during his ministry he led in the opening of five missions, —
namely, Twenty-eighth Street, Altoona, Glenhope, Juniata Park,
Bellwood, and Riggles Gap, and directed the building of the church
houses in the last four named. Address, Juniata, (Pa.).

WINE, Grover Lorington, second of eight children of John H. and

Mary E. (nee Edgecomb) Wine, members of the Church of the

Brethren, was born in Allen County, (O.),

January 12, 1886. His parents moved to

Huntingdon County, (Ind.), in his youth.

Here he graduated from the Clear Creek

(Ind.) High School, in 1904; Manchester

College, (Ind.), B.S.L., 1911; A.B., 1915;

Juniata College, School of Theology, (Pa.),

B.D., 1922; head of the Bible Department

of Mt. Morris College, (111.), 1922-24.

He was united in marriage with Mary
C, daughter of Samuel D. and Lina (nee
Norris) Stoner, members of the Church of
the Brethren, and he a bishop, living at
Ladoga, (Ind.), the union being solemnized
by Perry B. Fitzwater, June 1, 1911. Sister
Wine had united with the Church of the
Brethren, July 24, 1894; attended public
school, Ladoga, (Ind.); Manchester College, (Ind.), B.S.L., 1909;
and Teachers' Vocal Music Course, 1915. She served as city mis-
sionary in Indianapolis, (Ind.), 1909-10. She has been active as
Sunday-school teacher, superintendent, musical director of worship,
president of the Aid Society. Her pen has been gifted in writing
the words for songs and other poems. She has prepared an Easter
service, in co-operation with a music writer. To them was born one
daughter, — Salome Ruth.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Huntington
(Country) congregation, baptism being administered by Dorsey
Hodgden, in February, 1899. This congregation called him to the
ministry, August 18, 1906; the Polo (111.) congregation had him
ordained, through the laying on of hands by Olin F. Shaw and John
J. Johnson, on October 27, 1919. He has represented his congrega-
tion nine times at District Meeting, and nine times at General Con-
ference ; was District Secretary of Sunday-schools in Middle District
of Indiana, 1909-11. At the 1911 General Conference, St. Joseph,
(Mo.), he and his wife were accepted for the foreign field, but did
not go on account of wife's health. He has held a number of revival
meetings; served as pastor as follows: Huntington (City), Indiana
congregation, October, 1911-13; North Manchester congregation,
(Ind.), June, 1915, to December, 1917; supply pastor, Covington,
(O.), January and February, 1918; Polo, (111.), March, 1918, to
September, 1920; October, 1920, till June, 1922, pastor and bishop of
Fairview congregation, (M. Pa.) ; bishop of Mt. Morris (111.) con-

553

A History of the Church of the Brethren

gregation since October, 1923; pastor since September 1, 1924;
bishop of Polo (Til.) congregation since October 1, 1924. His ad-
dress is Mt. Morris, (111.).

WINELAND, Jacob L., called to the ministry in the Clover Creek
congregation, August 24, 1867.

WRIGHT, Milton B., sixth of eight children of Caleb G. and Cath-
arine (nee Dell) Wright, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born in Cass Township, Huntingdon County, (Pa.), October 26,
1873. He was reared on the farm; pushed his way through public
school, and spent three years in Juniata College, Normal English
course. He taught public school in Huntingdon County, (Pa.), for
twenty-nine years. Since 1922, he is superintendent of Huntingdon
County Schools.

He is united in marriage with Amelia, daughter of Van Buren B.
and Susan (nee Auspach) Hirst, members of the Lutheran Church,
living at McAlevey's Fort, the union being solemnized by Reverend
B. R. M. Sheeder, March 6, 1909.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, while attending Juni-
ata College, baptism being administered, May, 1898, by William J.
Swigart. The Aughwick congregation called him to the ministry,
October 14, 1898; and advanced him to the second degree, May 9,
1902. Through his teaching profession, which he has chosen, he has
been isolated from the church ; has served as superintendent of a
Lutheran Sunday-school for fifteen years, and affiliated with that
communion in 1921. His address is Huntingdon, (Pa.).

YODER, George E., first of four children of Emanuel and Sarah
(nee Livengood) Yoder, members of the Church of the Brethren,

was born near Elk Lick, Somerset
County, (Pa.), January 20, 1884. He
was reared on the farm; attended
common school, and two years land
and mining engineering school. He
followed farming and surveying from
1905-09 and 1913-16.

He was united in marriage with
Clara, daughter of Christian and
Annie (nee Coblentz) Beachy, mem-
bers of the Mennonite Church, living
at Tuscarawas, CO.), the union being
solemnized by Tobias S. Fike, Feb-
ruary 21, 1906. The bride had united
with the Church of the Brethren,
February 14, 1906. She is a graduate
of a teacher training course and an active Sunday-school teacher.
To this union were born seven children, — Ruth L., William E., Olive
E., Mary L., John G., Florence K, and George C.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Elk Lick con-
gregation, (W. Pa.), baptism being administered in October, 1896.
Elk Lick congregation called him to the deacon's office, October,

554

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

1905; to the ministry, in March, 1906; the Summit congregation
(W. Pa.) had him ordained, through the laying on of hands by
Edward K. Hochstetler and Lewis A. Peck, April 7, 1912. He has
represented his congregation at District Meeting seventeen times ; at
General Conference, nine times; served on the Standing Committee
at Winona Lake, (Ind.), 1919. As pastor, he served Summit Mills,
(W. Pa.), 1909-13; Norristown, (S. E. Pa., N. J. and E. N. Y.),
1916-19; New Enterprise, (M. Pa.), 1919, to present. He was a
member of the District Sunday-school Board (S. E. Pa., N. J., E.
N. Y.), and served as its Field Secretary, 1917-19. He served as
vice-president of the Sunday-school Board (M. Pa.), 1919-20, and
its president, 1920-21. He has conducted forty-nine revivals; assisted
in six Bible Institutes; baptized 244; conducted fifty-six lovef easts ;
preached 70 funerals ; anointed forty-six members, and solemnized
twenty-six marriages. His address is New Enterprise, (Pa.).

YOUNG, Adam, oldest of four children of John Young, was born
near Philadelphia, (Pa.), December 24, 1819. For his time, he had
a liberal education. He learned the shoemaking trade, and later in
life followed farming. He resided in Mifflin County, (Pa.), till
1865, when he moved to White County, (Ind.).

He was first married to Catherine Wireman. One child was born
to this union, and the wife died within a year afterwards. His
second marriage was with Priscilla Clayton. To this union one
daughter was born, and the mother died soon after. His third mar-
riage was with Hannah, daughter of John and Sarah Richards, of
Mifflin County, (Pa.), January 9, 1850. To them were born five
sons and five daughters, the following still living : Mrs. John M.
Keever, Mrs. Albert Livingston, James Young, David R. Young.
Mrs. William Pearson, Samuel Young, Mrs. Will G. Girard.

About 1839, he united with the Methodist Episcopal Church.
After moving to Mifflin County, (Pa.), and his third marriage, he
united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Dry Valley congre-
gation, about 1850. Here he was called to the deacon's office, and
then, in 1854, to the ministry. The Monticello congregation, (M.
Ind.), had him ordained, along with John S. Snowberger, in August,
1869. In Mifflin County, (Pa.), he was a co-laborer with William
Howe; in White County, (Ind.), with Joseph Amick, John S.
Snowberger, and John G. Royer. He died February 15, 1872.
Funeral services by John S. Snowberger and Joseph Amick. Text,
Revelation 14:12-13. Interment in Pike Creek Cemetery, near
Monticello, (Ind.).

ZIEGLER, Levi King, oldest of ten children of Daniel and Kath-
erine (nee King) Ziegler, members of the Church of the Brethren,
was born near Stouchburg, (Pa.), October 2, 1888. When he was
three months old, he moved, with his parents, to the Eastern Shore
of Maryland, near Denton, and was there reared on the farm and
received almost the equivalent of a high school education. Two
years were spent at Elizabethtown College, (Pa.).

He was united in marriage with Grace Ulmer, daughter of John
and Annie (nee Ulmer) Kline, of Lancaster, (Pa.), the union being

555

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Solemnized by Tobias F. Imler, at Ridgely, (Md.), on January
10, 1912.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Ridgely con-
gregation, (Md.), Levi R. Brumbaugh administering baptism, on

August 8, 1902. This congregation
called him to the ministry, January
6, 1911. The Denton congregation,
(Md.), through the laying on of
hands by Abram P. Snader and Wil-
liam E. Roop, had him ordained,
September 6, 1919. He has repre-
sented his congregation at District
Meeting nine times, and at General
Conference, six times. He has served
as pastor as follows : Shamokin,
(Pa.), August: 1, 1914-17; Denton,
(Md.), March 1, 1919, to July 1.
1924; Williamsburg, (Pa.), August
1, 1924, continuing. He was a mem-
ber of the District Mission Board of
Eastern Maryland from 1919 to 1924. He has held nineteen re-
vivals, with a total of eighty-six converts. His address is Williams-
burg, (Pa.).

ZOOK, Frederic R., oldest of six children of John H. and Hannah
(nee Fishel) Zook, members of the Church of the Brethren, was
born near Curryville, (Pa.), November 10, 1870. He was reared on
the farm and received a common school education. He has made
his living by farming and salesmanship.

He was united in marriage with Anna, daughter of George and
Elizabeth (nee Wineland) Seedenburg, members of the Church of
the Brethren, living near Fredericksburg, (Pa.), the union being
solemnized by John B. Miller, August 9, 1893. To this union were
born eight children, — four sons and four daughters.

He united with the Church of the Brethren, in the Clover Creek
congregation, baptism being administered by Thomas Maddocks, in
1897. Here he was called to the ministry, in 1905; and, through the
laying on of hands by William H. Holsinger and Samuel J. Swi-
gart, he was ordained, in 1910. He has represented his congre-
gation ten times at District Meeting, and twelve times at General
Conference. He has held about twenty-two series of meetings, in
which about 100 confessed Christ. He has served as superintend-
ent and teacher in the Sunday-school. Since 1922, he has been
serving as pastor. On September 1, 1922, he entered upon his present
pastorate in Shade Creek congregation, (W. Pa.). His address is
Windber, (Pa.).

HIMMELSBAUGH, Ida, was born near Mattawana, Mifflin County,
(Pa.), May 10, 1874. She had the advantage of a common school
education and a number of terms at Juniata College. Later she took
training for two years in a hospital in Dayton, (O.).

556

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Her parents were earnest members of the Methodist Episcopal
Church, and, at fifteen, she confessed Christ by uniting with the same
communion. While living
in Altoona,_ (Pa.), she
united with "the Church of
the Brethren, through bap-
tism administered by Joseph
W. Wilt, in 1896. The spir-
itual atmosphere of Juniata
College, to which she re-
turned soon after her bap-
tism, meant much in her
life. She threw her whole
soul into the ideals of the
Volunteer Mission Band.
She longed to serve her
Lord on the foreign field,
and her heart's wish was
gratified when, in 1908,
she sailed, with others, to
India. She has given two
of service to

in India, is

on furlough

detained by an afflic-

which developed on

full terms
her Master
now home
and
tion

the field. Her address is 200 6th Ave., Altoona, (Pa.).

557

INDEX

Page
Aid Societies :

History of 356

Organization dates

tabled 358

Albright 96

Altoona, First Ch. 237
Altoona, 28th St. 241

Bellwood 259

Burnham 54

Carson Valley ... 215

Clover Creek 84

Curryville 191

Dry Vallev 40

Everett 163

Fairview 102

Hollidaysburg . . . 218

Huntingdon 122

Juniata Park .... 264

Koontz 181

Leamersville 223

Lewistown 51

Martinsburg 84

New Enterprise .. 137

Raven Run 167

Riddlesburg 174

Roaring Spring . . 92
Snake Spg. Valley. 148

Spring Run 47

Stonerstown 170

Tyrone 253

Williamsburg 106

Woodbury 191

Buffalo Mills School. 294
Child Rescue Work. 366
Church House, Roar-
ing Spring 87

Conventions, First

Sunday-school . . . 336
Conventions, List of. 349
Congregations and
Missions :

Albright 93

Altoona, First Ch. 224
Altoona, 28th St 238

Ardenheim 68

Artemas 174

Aughwick 55

Bannerville 36

Bellwood 253

Blooming Grove . 268

Burnham 52

Carson Valley ... 212

Cherry Lane 181

Claar 192

Claysburg 223

Clover Creek .... 71

Dry Vallev 36

Duncansville 202

Dunnings Creek . 148

Everett 157

Fairview 97

Page
Fairview (Arte-
mas) 177

Glendale 177

Glenhope 248

Hollidaysburg .... 215

Hopewell 154

Huntingdon 114

James Creek 108

Juniata Park .... 259

Koontz 178

Leamersville 218

Lewistown (Co.). 27
Lewistown (City). 47
Lower^ Claar .... 199
New Enterprise . . 134

Queen 200

Raven Run 164

Riddlesburg 171

Riggles Gap 261

Roaring Spring

(Country) 84

Roaring Spring

(City) 89

Smithfield 106

Snake Spg. Valley. 137

Spring Run 40

Stonerstown 167

Tyrone 249

Warriors Mark . . 243

Williamsburg 103

Wills Creek 265

Woodburv 182

Yellow Ck., Early. 125
Yellow Ck., Pres. 153

Constitution of Sun-
day-school Board. 346

District, The 277

Divided 279

Forerank of Prog-
ress 280

General Confer-

ences held in . . 281
Meetings, Table of 282

Origin of 277

^ Unprint'd Minutes 285

Early Glimpses .... 17

Education 294

Buffalo Mills Schl. 294
Conference Advi-
sory Com 324

Early Efforts 294

Formative Years . 296
Inaugrl. Address . 319

Instructors 323

Juniata's begng 304

Juniata College . . 311
Kishacoquillas

Seminary 298

Normal Select Sc. 305
Officers of Trus-
tee Board 324

Page
Organized Effort.. 299

^ Trustees of 322

Forerank of Prog-
ress 280

Graphs :

Clover Ck. Group. 71
Duncansville Gr. . . 202
Kishacoquillas Gr. 27
Warriors Mark Gr. 243
Whole Dist, The. 372
^ Yellow Creek Gr. 125
General Conferences

a held in 281

Growth of Member-
ship, Table of . . . 376
Growth of Sunday-
school 344, 350

Huntingdon Orphan-
age 123

Juniata's Beginning. 304
Kishacoquillas Semi-
nary 298

Map of the District. 16

Martin, J.— Appeal. 20

Ministerial Meetings 352

Table of Meetings 355

Mission Home 347

Missions 325

Members of the

Board 330

Endeavor Tabltd. . 329
Morrison's Cove —
James A. Sell.. 18, 23
U. J. Jones ... 22, 24
Morrison's Cove

Home 361

Trustees of 364

Old Folks Home... 359
Some Observations. 369

Sunday-schools 331

Albright 96

Altoona, 1st Ch. . . 235
Altoona, 28th St.. 241

Ardenheim 70

Artemas 178

Rannerville 40

Beech Run 67

Bellwood 258

Bethel (James

Creek) 112

Pethel (Yel. Ck.). 156

Burnham 54

Carson Valley . . . 214

Cherry Lane 181

Claar 198

Clover Creek .... 80

Claysburg 224

Curryville 191

Dry Vallev 38

Everett 162

Fairview 101

558

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Page

Fairview (Everett) 103

Fairview (Artms.) 178

Germany Valley . . 67

Glendale 178

Hill Valley 67

Hollidaysburg .... 218
Holsinger (Dun-

ning's Creek)... 153

Holsinger (Why.). 191

Huntingdon 122

James Creek 112

Juniata Park 263

Koontz 180

Leamersville 222

Lewistown 51

Page

Lower Claar 200

Manor Hill 46

Martinsburg 83

Mountain Chapel. 163
New Enterprise . . 136

New Paris 153

Pine Glen 47

Point 153

Queen 201

Raven Run 166

Replogle 189

Riddlesburg 174

Riddles Gap 264

Roaring Spring . . 92
Rock Hill 67

Page

Salemville 136

Smithfield 108

Snake Spg. Valley 147

Snyder 136

Spring Run 46

Stonerstown 170

Sugar Grove 70

Tyrone 253

Warriors Mark . . 248

Waterside 136

Williamsburg .... 106

Woodbury 189

Yellow Creek 156

Table of 1st Minutes 17
Unprinted Minutes.. 285

ILLUSTRATIONS FOUND IN PARTS I AND II

A book without pictures is like a house without windows.

Church Houses. — The editor failed to secure pictures of the following : Point in
Dunnings Creek, Bethel in James Creek, Pine Glen in Spring Run, Water-
side and Snyder in New Enterprise, Buck Valley and Glendale in Artemas,
and Snyder in Snake Spring Valley.

Page

Albright 94

Altoona, First.. 226, 233
Altoona, 28th St... 239

Ardenheim 69

Artemas 176

Bannerville 39

Beech Run 60

Bellwood 254

Bethel (Yel. Ck.).. . 155
Blooming Grove.268, 272

Burnham 53

Carson Valley 213

Cherry Lane 182

Claar 193, 196

Clover Creek 76

Curry ville 186

Dry Valley 37

Kverett 158

Fairview 98

Page

Germany Valley . . .

Henrietta Cross Rds.

Hill Valley

216

Holsinger (Dng.

150

Holsinger (Wby.) . .

183

118

109

260

179

Leamersville,

219, 220,

222

199

Mock

149

New Enterprise

132

152

Page

Queen 201

Raven Run 165

Replogle 186

Riddlesburg 172

Riggles Gap 262

Roaring Spring .... 88

Rock Hill 60

Salemville 132

Smithfield 107

Snake Spg. Valley. . 144
Snyder (Wby.) .... 183

Spring Run 42, 45

Stonerstown 168

Tyrone 251

Warriors Mark .... 245

Williamsburg 104

Woodbury 186

Yellow Creek 154

Page
Albangh, David J.. . 210
Albright, Mr. and

Mrs. Sam. B 86

Anderson, A. S. M. 306
Baker, Mr. and Mrs.

John S 179

Baker, Mrs. Sarah.. 76
Barnett, Mrs. Mary. 90

Barr, Cora 262

Bashore, Mr. and

Mrs. John A 100

Bechtel, Mr. and

Mrs. And. A.. 100, 104
Beerv, Mr. and Mrs.

Chas. 0 251

Beery, William.. .. . 312
Bosserman, Linnie. . 306

INDIVIDUALS

Page
Brallier, Mr. and

Mrs. D. S 226

Brallier, Hannah E- 236
Breininger, Mr. and

Mrs. John 48

Brubaker, David G. . 210
Brubaker, Frank E. . 210
Burget, Mr. and Mrs.

Isaac B 76

Brumbaugh, Dr.

A. B 304

Brumbaugh, Mrs.

A. B 123

Brumbaugh,

Charles E 172

Brumbaugh, Mr. and

Mrs. Christian 76

Page
Brumbaugh, Mr. and

Mrs. David 110

Brumbaugh,

Ernest A 98

Brumbaugh, Mrs.

Eleanor J 123

Brumbaugh, Mrs.

Eliza 168

Brumbaugh, Mr. and

Mrs. Emory 104

Brumbaugh,

Gaius M 306

Brumbaugh, H.

Atlee 260

Brumbaugh,

Henry B 305

Brumbaugh, Howard 100

559

A History of the Church of the Brethren

Page
Brumbaugh,

Jacob H 306, 300

Brumbaugh, J no. B. 305
Brumbaugh, Mr. and

Mrs. John W 172

Brumbaugh,

Martin G 318

Brumbaugh, Mr. and

Mrs. Martin H. . . 100
Brumbaugh, Mr. and

Mrs. M. P 260

Brumbaugh, Pauline 2(50
Brumbaugh, Mr. and

Mrs. Wm. H 76

Brumbaugh, Viola... 102
Brumbaugh, Zula.... 200

Buck, C. L 132

Burget, Mr. and

Mrs. Isaac B 76

Burkhart, Jacob S... 210
Campbelle, Grace,

Margaret and

Pearl 259

Cherry, Addie 250

Cherry, Mr. and Mr.

J. P 262

Chronister, Mr. and

Mrs. Dorsey 245

Claar, E. T 104

Claar, Frederic 104

Claar, Tacob 104

Claar, Michael 104

Clapper, Geo. and

Priscilla 154

Claybaugh, Agnes... 236
Coble, Mr. and Mrs.

Benj 104

Cogan, J. N 172

Cox, Mr. and Mr.

B. F 251

Cox, Mr. and Mrs.

J. S 245

Crain, Henry 245

Crawford, William . . 160
Crosswhite,

Albert G 88

Davis, Minnie 250

Detwiler, A. J 98

Detwiler, Mrs.

Michael 102

Diehm, Edgar 104

Dilling, Mr. and

Mrs. George 168

Dilling, John H 165

Dilling, Mr. and

Mrs. John H 76

Dively, Rachel 104

Dixon, Andrew M... 194
Drenning, Mr. and

Mrs. John 160

Kmmert, David. 306, 309
England, Mr. and

Mrs. Chester 160

Ewing, J. C 306

Eyer, Ellis G 233

Filson, Mr. and Mrs.

T. W 48

Page

Fisher, Sophia 236

Freet, Eliza 236

Fyock, Abram 151

Fyock, Mr. and Mrs.

J. W 251

Glasgow, Ollie 250

Gloss, I lysses G 260

Good, Robert P. . . . 233

Graybill, Hannah... 236
Grimes, Mr. and

Mrs. H. S 145

Guyer, ]ohn 170

Harley, John 312

Harris, John P 168

Henry, M. S 262

Hershberger, Mr.

and Mrs. Sol 160

Holland, Mr. and

Mrs. J 262

Hollinger, Catherine. 236

Holsinger, Bessie. . . 250
Holsinger,

Leonard H 88

Holsinger, Mr. and

Mrs. Wm. H 98

Holsinger, Virgil C. OS
Hoover, Mr. and

Mrs. Fred 165

Hoover, Jacob 210

Hoover, Jeanette. . . . 210

Hoover, Jonathan . . . 165

Hoover, Louis 00

Hoover, Mr. and

Mrs. W. E 90

Hoover,

William N....216, 245

Hostler, Arminta M. 236
Hummel, Mr. and

Mrs. W. A 53

Imler, Mrs. Frank. . 102

Jennings, Laura B.. 236

Keeny, Emma 123

Kephart, Mr. and

Mrs. Geo. W 226

Kinsel, Mariah 236

Koontz, Mr. and

Mrs. Jacob 170

Lashley, Mr. and

Mrs.' Jacob 160

Lear, Mr. and Mrs.

Thomas C 172

Lindsey, Mr. and

Mrs. M. R 53

Lingenfelter,

Barbara 104

Lingenfelter,

Chauncey 104

Long, J. P 00

Long, Orville V. . . . 88
Longanecker, Mr.

and Mrs. Harvey. . 107
Maddocks, Mr. and

Mrs. Daniel B. 2:5:5, 256

McCauley, Lnla. . . . 250

McCauley, Mary.... 250
Mertz, Mr. and Mrs.

M. M 53

Page
Mickle, Thorn. B. ..151

Miller, A. C 88

Miller, Mr. and

Mrs. Darby 100

Miller, George H. . . 151
Miller, Mr. and

Mrs. J. C 251

Mvers, George S.... 2

Myers, Graybill 210

Myers, Mr. and Mrs.

Samuel S 42

Murphy, Ross D 88

Nail, F. P 262

Nail, Grant 262

Nail, Mary 0 262

Neerhoof, Mr. and

Mrs. Jeremiah . . . 245

Neerhoof, Mary Ann 245

Nelson, Tames E. . . . 260

Nelson, J. F 260

Norris, Phoebe 306

Oaks, Mr. and Mrs.

Christian 172

Oaks, Emily 172

Oaks, Mrs. Jacob. . . 173

Oaks, Mrs. John. . . . 173

Oaks, Mrs. Wilmer. 173

Oiler, Jacob F 312

Parks, Mr. and

Mrs. Jesse 105

Peters, Mr. and

Mrs. H. 1 30

Pherson, Kate M. . . 236

Price, Isaac 312

Quinter, James 313

Replogle, Mr. and

Mrs. A. S 128

Replogle, Mr. and

Mrs. D. S 90

Replogle, Mr. and

Mrs. 1 128

Replogle, John 186

Replogle,

Rinehard B 233

Ritchey, Mr. and

Mrs. J. P 165

Ritchey, Mrs. S. B.. 1(58

Ritchey, William S. . 2

Rogers, Levi 151

Rose, Calvin J 104

Ross, George H 264

Roth, Susan 23(5

Royer, Mr. and

Mrs. Galen B..98, 347

Rush, Josephine 259

Saylor, J. E 312

Sell, Mr. and Mrs.

Daniel 219

Sell, James A 2

Sell, Joseph B 210

Sell, Mr. and Mrs.

Matthew 216

Sell, Mr. and Mrs.

Walter C 216

Shellenberger, Mr.

and Mrs. J. B.. .. 53

560

in the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Page
Shellenberger,

Martha 236

Shelly, Mr. and

Mrs. Dan S 98

Shelly, Mr. and

Mrs. David OS

Shelly, Mrs. Sarah.. 102
Shelly, Mr. and

Mrs. Melvin 105

Shiffler, Mr. and

Mrs. Clarence 216

Showalter, Mrs.

Isaac 102

Showalter, Mr. and

Mrs. G. Ouinter,

98, 100
Silverthorn, Mrs.

Cora A. B 123

Simmons, Mr. and

Mrs. H. W 160

Smith, Mr. and

Mrs. Eli D 107

Smith, Dessie 262

Smith, H. P 100

Smith, Mrs. Mary. . 168
Snare, Mr. and Mrs.

Isaac 104

Snowberger, Mrs. C. 90
Snowberger, Mr. and

Mrs. Elmer 90

Snowberger, Mr. and

Mrs. Jacob 100

Page
Snowberger, Mr. and

' Mrs. John 128

Snyder, Mr. and

Mrs. G. A 145

Snyder, Mr. and

Mrs. Jas 145

Snyder, Mr. and

Mrs, John 179

Snyder, Russel 180

Snyder, Mr. and

Mrs. S. R 128

Sollenberger, Mr.

and Mrs. Andrew. 100
Sollenberger, Mr.

and Mrs. And. K. 105
Sollenberger, Mr.

and Mrs. David S. 104
Sollenberger, Mr.

and Mrs. Emory.. 105
Sollenberger, Mr.

and Mrs. Eph.lOO, 102
Sollenberger, Harry. 105
Sollenberger, Joseph. 105
Sollenberger, Levi. . . 105

Stayer, Albert 90

Stewart, Mr. and

Mrs. H. N 251

Stiffler, Mr. and Mrs.

N. R 160

Stoudnour, Mr. and

Mrs. John H 76

Page

Stouffer, B. F 312

Stnckey, Susan 128

Stuckey, Mrs. U. T. 90
Swigart, Mr. and

^ Mrs. W. J 68, 123

Taylor, Gertrude.... 259
Teeter, Mr. and

Mrs. John N 179

Teeter, Mr. and

Mrs. S 128

Wagner, Mr. and

Mrs. Wm 39

Waltz, Benj. F 347

Weakley, Phoebe W. 306
Weaver, Mahlon J.. 88
Weyant, Shannon... 172
Wilt, Ardie E.,

233, 260, 347

Wilt, J. Ellis 260

Wilt, Mr. and Mrs.

Joseph W.,

226, 256, 260
Wine, Mr. and Mrs,

Grover L 9S

Wood, Mr. and Mrs.

Thomas E 68

Yoder, John 42

Yoder, Samuel 42

Yohn, Mr. and Mrs.

Harry 262

Zuck, Jacob M 306

Page

Adult Bible Class,
Lewistown 50

Aid Societies :

Bell wood 259

Fairview 102

Huntingdon 123

Raven Run 166

Riddlesburg 173

Albright Congrega-
tion 95

Altoona, 1st. Bldg.
Com 233

Altoona, 2Sth St.

Deacons 239

Altoona, 28th St.

Parsonage 239

Bethany Bible Class,
Roaring Spring . . 91

Buffalo Mills 296

Burchinell Building. 306

Bellwood's Begin-
ning Place 254

Bellwood Congrega-
tion 256

Chapel, The First. . 306

Children's Meeting,
Altoona 227

MISCELLANEOUS

Page

Class of 1879 306

Dick School House.. 85

Dively Home 193

Donner Home 205

Duunings Creek

Ministers 151

Faculty of College,

1878 306

Filson Home 53

Fluck Diagram 142

Founders' Hall.. 310, 313

Gymnasium 314

Hanawalt, Susannah,

" Died " 29

Huntingdon Charter

Members 115

Juniata, Apr. 17, '76. 308

Kishacoquillas. Sem 298

Ladies' Dormitory. . 313

Library 316

Map of Middle Dist. 16
Martinsburg Men's

Chorus 82

Mexico' Conference

Grounds 284

Mission Home 347

Page
Mission Home Bldg.

Com 347

Mission Home Floor

Plan 348

Moist Sisters 51

Morrison Cove H.. . 362
Morrison Cove Or-
phanage 366

Murphy's Bible Cl. 92
New Enterprise Con-
ference Grounds. . 130

Oneida Hall 313

Pilgrim Building.... 306

Pine Top 53

Roaring Spring Of.

Board ... 90

Science Building. . . . 315

Smith Home 205

Snyder Home

(Smowberger farm) 13S
Stonerstown First

Members 168

Students' Hall 313

Swigart Home 42

Teeter Home 132

Tvrone Parsonage. . 251
Wilt Home ^. . 205

561

college."

Bonnie E. Brumbaugh of Wil-
liamsburg was the recipient of the
Women's Work council award ol
$25 presented by the Middle Dis-
trict of Pennsylvania, Church ol
the Brethren, to the Brethren sen-
ior girl ''who has contributed the
most to the spiritual welfare of the
college."

■■; i.: , .r

BONNIE E. BRUMRATT^w

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